CN112066911A - Device and method for measuring ovality of tunnel segment - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring ovality of tunnel segment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112066911A CN112066911A CN202011069147.8A CN202011069147A CN112066911A CN 112066911 A CN112066911 A CN 112066911A CN 202011069147 A CN202011069147 A CN 202011069147A CN 112066911 A CN112066911 A CN 112066911A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/2408—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring roundness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
- G01B5/0004—Supports
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the ovality of a tunnel segment, which comprises a support component, a measuring mechanism and a transmission mechanism, wherein the measuring mechanism and the transmission mechanism are arranged on the support component, the measuring mechanism comprises a positioning component and a measuring component, the measuring device is ensured to be positioned at the central position of a tunnel through the positioning component, then the distance between the measuring component and the vertex of the tunnel segment is measured respectively in the vertical direction and after the measuring component rotates for a certain angle, the coordinate of the corresponding vertex after the measuring component rotates for a certain angle is calculated, and then the ovality of the tunnel segment is calculated through fitting an ellipse equation by a least. The device for measuring the ovality of the tunnel segment is simple in structure and small in operation difficulty, greatly improves the efficiency of measuring the ovality of the tunnel, can measure the ovality in time in the process of splicing the tunnel segment, masters the construction condition, improves the construction quality, can monitor the net size of the formed tunnel regularly, masters the deformation condition of the formed tunnel in time, and reduces potential safety hazards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel measurement, in particular to a device and a method for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment.
Background
In the tunneling construction, no matter a pipe jacking machine or a shield machine and the like, the construction difficulty can be greatly reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, and the economic cost in the construction process is reduced. The tunnel machine is at the in-process that the section of jurisdiction was assembled, and the ellipticity of every ring of shaping tunnel is the general control item of acceptance inspection, consequently needs the ellipticity of in time shaping section of jurisdiction to measure to in time control and know tunnel forming's quality, adjust the mode of assembling of follow-up tunnelling in-process section of jurisdiction. Meanwhile, the size of the formed tunnel can be monitored regularly, and the deformation condition of the formed tunnel can be mastered in time.
The traditional method for measuring the ovality of the formed tunnel segment comprises a plumb-bob hanging method, a total station laser ranging method, a movable laser scanning method and the like. However, the plumb bob hanging method has large data error and large construction difficulty; the total station laser ranging method has high construction cost and complex operation; the movable laser scanning mode is high in economic and technical cost, small in application range and poor in practicability, and is difficult to measure and monitor the ovality of the tunnel in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the ovality of a tunnel segment, which reduce the construction difficulty and improve the construction efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment comprises a support assembly, a measuring mechanism and a transmission mechanism, wherein the measuring mechanism and the transmission mechanism are arranged on the support assembly, and the measuring mechanism comprises:
the positioning assembly comprises a fixed base, and a first laser range finder and a second laser range finder which are oppositely arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper end surface of the fixed base; a positioning rod and an adjusting screw rod which are used for connecting a support are arranged on the lower end face of the fixing base, a bearing capable of horizontally rotating is arranged at the joint of the positioning rod and the support, an adjusting nut is sleeved on the adjusting screw rod, and a waist-shaped through hole capable of enabling the adjusting screw rod to penetrate is formed in the support;
the measuring assembly comprises a sliding base fixedly arranged on the side face of the front end of the fixed base and a coupler fixedly arranged on the side face of the front end of the sliding base, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the joint of the coupler and the sliding base; the front end of the coupler is relatively provided with a third laser range finder and a fourth laser range finder which are symmetrically distributed, and the tail end of the coupler is connected with a servo motor.
Preferably, the positioning rod and the adjusting screw are fixedly connected with the lower end face of the fixed base in a welding mode.
Preferably, the fixed base and the sliding base are in sliding connection, so that the sliding base can be adjusted left and right.
Further, the bracket component comprises a horizontally arranged rectangular frame and at least four support legs which are arranged at the lower end of the rectangular frame and are distributed in a pairwise symmetrical mode.
Further, all be provided with the gyro wheel on every stabilizer blade, along measuring device's direction of advance, be located two gyro wheels of same row and pass through the horizontal pole and establish ties, and the distance between two gyro wheels of same row is unanimous with the tunnel gauge.
Furthermore, the transmission assembly comprises a driving motor arranged right above any row of rollers, a worm vertically and downwards arranged on the lower end face of the driving motor and a worm wheel fixedly arranged on the cross rod, and the tail end of the worm is meshed with the worm wheel.
A method for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment, comprising the steps of:
s1, adjusting the measuring mechanism to ensure that the mileage measured by the third laser distance meter and the mileage measured by the fourth laser distance meter are the same mileage of the tunnel, and the horizontal centers of the third laser distance meter and the fourth laser distance meter are the horizontal centers of the segment tunnel;
s2, enabling the third laser range finder and the fourth laser range finder to be initially in the vertical direction, and respectively measuring the distance between the four ends of the third laser range finder and the fourth laser range finder and the top point of the tunnel segment;
s3, driving the coupler to rotate by an angle alpha through the servo motor, and measuring the distances between the light sources of the laser range finder III and the laser range finder IV and the top point of the tunnel segment again;
and S4, respectively calculating the coordinates of the vertexes of the tunnel segments in the step S3 by taking the circle center of the tunnel as an original point, and calculating the ellipticity of the tunnel segments by fitting an elliptic equation through a least square method.
Further, in the step S1, the fixing base is adjusted to be flat through the outer water discharging leveling rod and the adjusting screw, and the lasers on the two sides of the first laser distance meter and the second laser distance meter are simultaneously aligned to the circular seam of the single-ring duct piece, so that the mileage measured by the third laser distance meter and the mileage measured by the fourth laser distance meter are the same mileage of the tunnel.
Further, the distance from the first laser range finder and the second laser range finder to the end of the segment is equal by adjusting the left-right horizontal relative distance between the fixed base and the sliding base in the step S1, so that the horizontal centers of the third laser range finder and the fourth laser range finder are the horizontal center of the segment tunnel.
The device and the method for measuring the ovality of the tunnel segment have the advantages of simple structure and small operation difficulty, greatly improve the measurement efficiency, can measure the ovality in time in the process of splicing the tunnel segment, master the construction quality, improve the construction efficiency, and simultaneously can monitor the size of the formed tunnel periodically, master the deformation condition of the formed tunnel in time and reduce the potential safety hazard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning assembly of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring assembly of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bracket assembly of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the transmission mechanism in the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of the measurement method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the principles of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a bracket assembly; 11. a rectangular frame; 12. a support leg; 13. a roller; 14. a cross bar; 2. a transmission assembly; 21. a drive motor; 22. a worm; 23. a worm gear; 3. a positioning assembly; 31. a fixed base; 32. a first laser range finder; 33. a second laser range finder; 34. positioning a rod; 35. adjusting the screw rod; 36. a waist-shaped through hole; 4. a measurement assembly; 41. a slide base; 42. a coupling; 43. a third laser range finder; 44. a fourth laser range finder; 45. a servo motor.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The device for measuring the ovality of a tunnel segment as shown in fig. 1 to 3 comprises a bracket assembly 1, and a measuring mechanism and a transmission mechanism 2 which are arranged on the bracket assembly, wherein the measuring mechanism comprises:
the positioning assembly 3 comprises a fixed base 31, and a first laser distance meter 32 and a second laser distance meter 33 which are oppositely arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper end surface of the fixed base; a positioning rod 34 and an adjusting screw 35 which are used for connecting a support are arranged on the lower end face of the fixing base, a bearing capable of horizontally rotating is arranged at the joint of the positioning rod and the support, an adjusting nut is sleeved on the adjusting screw, and a waist-shaped through hole 36 capable of enabling the adjusting screw to penetrate is arranged on the support;
the measuring component 4 comprises a sliding base 41 fixedly arranged on the side face of the front end of the fixed base and a coupler 42 fixedly arranged on the side face of the front end of the sliding base, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the joint of the coupler and the sliding base; the front end of shaft coupling is provided with symmetrical distribution's three 43 and four 44 laser range finders relatively, the end connection of shaft coupling has servo motor 45.
In tunnel segment ellipticity mileage measurement, generally, the seam between segments is roughly defined as the same mileage, and after the leveling of the fixed base 31, the distance between the laser range finder one 32 and the laser range finder two 33 can be measured with the distance of the tunnel segment summit, but the distance is not the distance under the same tunnel segment section, namely, the distance measured by the two laser range finders is not the same mileage. This preferred embodiment the locating lever 34 and adjusting screw 35 adopt welded mode and fixed baseplate's lower terminal surface fixed connection, can be through the length flattening fixed baseplate of adjusting nut adjusting screw, can be partial circular motion around the locating lever through adjusting screw along waist type through-hole 36 simultaneously, further adjust the direction of fixed baseplate for the tunnel, guarantee that the distance that laser range finder one and laser range finder two surveyed is the same mileage of tunnel.
Adopt sliding connection between fixed baseplate 31 and the sliding baseplate 41 described in this preferred embodiment, the sliding baseplate can be adjusted from left to right, further guarantees that first laser range finder 32 and second laser range finder 33 are located the central point in tunnel.
As shown in fig. 4, the bracket assembly 1 according to the preferred embodiment includes a horizontally disposed rectangular frame 11 and at least four support legs 12 disposed at the lower end of the rectangular frame, wherein the support legs are symmetrically arranged two by two, and each support leg is provided with a roller 13, two rollers located in the same row are connected in series through a cross bar 14 along the advancing direction of the measuring device, and the distance between the rollers in the same row is consistent with the track distance of the tunnel battery car, and can be tightly buckled with the i-shaped track of the tunnel.
In order to facilitate the transfer of the measuring device, as shown in fig. 5, a transmission assembly 2 is arranged on the bracket assembly according to the preferred embodiment, the transmission assembly includes a driving motor 21 arranged right above any row of rollers, a worm 22 vertically and downwardly arranged on the lower end surface of the driving motor, and a worm wheel 23 fixedly arranged on the cross bar 14, the tail end of the worm is meshed with the worm wheel, and the driving motor drives the worm to rotate and drives the worm wheel to rotate, so as to drive the rollers to advance.
The method for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment as shown in fig. 6 comprises the steps of:
s1, adjusting the measuring mechanism to ensure that the mileage measured by the third laser distance meter and the mileage measured by the fourth laser distance meter are the same mileage of the tunnel, and the horizontal centers of the third laser distance meter and the fourth laser distance meter are the horizontal centers of the segment tunnel;
s2, enabling the third laser range finder and the fourth laser range finder to be initially in the vertical direction, and respectively measuring the distance between the four ends of the third laser range finder and the fourth laser range finder and the top point of the tunnel segment;
s3, driving the coupler to rotate by an angle alpha through the servo motor, and measuring the distances between the light sources of the laser range finder III and the laser range finder IV and the top point of the tunnel segment again;
and S4, respectively calculating the coordinates of the vertexes of the tunnel segments in the step S3 by taking the circle center of the tunnel as an original point, and calculating the ellipticity of the tunnel segments by fitting an elliptic equation through a least square method.
Specifically, in the step S1, the fixed base is adjusted to be flat through the outer water discharging leveling rod and the adjusting screw, and the lasers on the two sides of the first laser range finder and the second laser range finder are simultaneously aligned with the circular seam of the single-ring duct piece, so that the mileage measured by the third laser range finder and the mileage measured by the fourth laser range finder are the same mileage of the tunnel; and through adjusting the horizontal relative distance about between fixed baseplate and the sliding base, satisfy that the distance of laser range finder one and laser range finder two to section of jurisdiction tip equals to this guarantees that laser range finder three and the four horizontal centers of laser range finder are the horizontal center in section of jurisdiction tunnel.
The measurement method according to the invention is specifically illustrated by a specific example below:
as shown in fig. 7, according to the above steps, the distances between the four ends of the laser distance meter three and the laser distance meter and the top point of the tunnel segment are respectively recorded as L1 and L2 in step S2, and similarly, the distances between the four ends of the laser distance meter three and the laser distance meter and the top point of the tunnel segment are respectively recorded as L3 and L4 in step S3; meanwhile, the center position of the tunnel is used as an original point O (0,0), the midpoint between the third laser distance meter and the fourth laser distance meter is marked as a point P, the distance from the point P to the third laser distance meter or the fourth laser distance meter is marked as an N, and then the distance between OPs is marked as an N
After the rotation angle α, the coordinates of the two vertices of the tunnel segment are respectively marked as X (X1, Y1) and Y (X2, Y2) points, and then:
distance between OX
Distance between OY
The included angle between XO and OP is
Then, the X point coordinate:
similarly, the coordinates of the Y point:
after the coordinates of a plurality of X, Y points are substituted into the tape matlab, fitting an elliptic equation by using a least square method in software, and further calculating the ellipticity of the formed tunnel segment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A device for measuring the ovality of a tunnel segment, comprising a support assembly and a measuring mechanism and a transmission mechanism (2) arranged on the support assembly (1), characterized in that the measuring mechanism comprises:
the positioning device comprises a positioning assembly (3), wherein the positioning assembly comprises a fixed base (31), a first laser range finder (32) and a second laser range finder (33) which are oppositely arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper end surface of the fixed base, a positioning rod (34) and an adjusting screw rod (35) which are used for connecting a support are arranged on the lower end surface of the fixed base, a bearing capable of horizontally rotating is arranged at the joint of the positioning rod and the support, an adjusting nut is sleeved on the adjusting screw rod, and a waist-shaped through hole (36) capable of enabling the adjusting screw rod to penetrate through is formed in the support;
the measuring assembly (4) comprises a sliding base (41) fixedly arranged on the side face of the front end of the fixed base and a coupler (42) fixedly arranged on the side face of the front end of the sliding base, and a rotating shaft is arranged at the joint of the coupler and the sliding base; the front end of the coupler is relatively provided with a third laser range finder (43) and a fourth laser range finder (44) which are symmetrically distributed, and the tail end of the coupler is connected with a servo motor (45).
2. The device for measuring the ovality of the tunnel segment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning rod (34) and the adjusting screw (35) are fixedly connected with the lower end face of the fixed base (31) in a welding mode.
3. The device for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment according to claim 1 is characterized in that a sliding connection is adopted between the fixed base (31) and the sliding base (41), and the sliding base can be adjusted left and right in the horizontal direction.
4. The device for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket assembly (1) comprises a horizontally disposed rectangular frame (11) and at least four legs (12) disposed at the lower end of the rectangular frame and distributed symmetrically in pairs.
5. Device for measuring the ovality of a tunnel segment according to claim 4, characterized in that a roller (13) is provided on each leg (12), two rollers in the same row are connected in series by a cross bar (14) in the direction of advance of the measuring device, and the distance between two rollers in the same row is the same as the tunnel gauge.
6. The device for measuring the ovality of a tunnel segment according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the transmission assembly (2) comprises a driving motor (21) arranged right above any row of rollers, a worm (22) vertically and downwardly arranged on the lower end face of the driving motor, and a worm wheel (23) fixedly arranged on the cross bar, wherein the tail end of the worm is meshed with the worm wheel.
7. A method for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment is realized based on the device for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adjusting the measuring mechanism to ensure that the mileage measured by the third laser distance meter and the mileage measured by the fourth laser distance meter are the same mileage of the tunnel, and the horizontal centers of the third laser distance meter and the fourth laser distance meter are the horizontal centers of the segment tunnel;
s2, enabling the third laser range finder and the fourth laser range finder to be initially in the vertical direction, and respectively measuring the distance between the four ends of the third laser range finder and the fourth laser range finder and the top point of the tunnel segment;
s3, driving the coupler to rotate by an angle alpha through the servo motor, and measuring the distances between the light sources of the laser range finder III and the laser range finder IV and the top point of the tunnel segment again;
and S4, respectively calculating the coordinates of the vertexes of the tunnel segments in the step S3 by taking the circle center of the tunnel as an original point, and calculating the ellipticity of the tunnel segments by fitting an elliptic equation through a least square method.
8. The method for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment by using an apparatus for measuring ovality of a tunnel segment according to claim 7, wherein in the step S1, the fixing base (31) is adjusted to be flat by the external horizontal ruler and the adjusting screw (35), and the laser on both sides of the first laser distance meter (32) and the second laser distance meter (33) are simultaneously aligned with the circular seam of the single-ring segment, so as to ensure that the distance measured by the third laser distance meter (43) and the fourth laser distance meter (44) is the same distance of the tunnel.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step S1 is performed by adjusting the relative distance between the fixed base (31) and the sliding base (41) to satisfy the requirement that the distances from the first laser rangefinder (32) and the second laser rangefinder (33) to the ends of the segment are equal, so as to ensure that the horizontal centers of the third laser rangefinder (43) and the fourth laser rangefinder (44) are the horizontal center of the segment tunnel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011069147.8A CN112066911A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Device and method for measuring ovality of tunnel segment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011069147.8A CN112066911A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Device and method for measuring ovality of tunnel segment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112066911A true CN112066911A (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011069147.8A Pending CN112066911A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Device and method for measuring ovality of tunnel segment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114812436A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-07-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Device for measuring ovality of in-service buried operating large-diameter pipeline and using method |
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011069147.8A patent/CN112066911A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114812436A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-07-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Device for measuring ovality of in-service buried operating large-diameter pipeline and using method |
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