CN112066767B - Heat exchange device and method for periodically regulating and controlling velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation and control particle flow - Google Patents
Heat exchange device and method for periodically regulating and controlling velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation and control particle flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN112066767B CN112066767B CN202010752755.2A CN202010752755A CN112066767B CN 112066767 B CN112066767 B CN 112066767B CN 202010752755 A CN202010752755 A CN 202010752755A CN 112066767 B CN112066767 B CN 112066767B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
- F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
Abstract
The invention discloses a particle flow heat exchange device and a particle flow heat exchange method based on periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation. The method makes the blocking effect of the bulges arranged on the heat exchange plate on the particle flow dynamically change through the periodical swinging of the particle flow heat exchange plate, meanwhile, under the combined action of the swinging effect and the gravity of the heat exchange plate, the stress magnitude and the stress direction of the particles periodically change, the filling rate and the updating of the particles mixed and mixed among the particles and near the heat exchange wall surface are increased, the particle flow heat exchange is strengthened, and meanwhile, the accumulation and bridging of the particles are prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of particle heat exchange, and particularly relates to a heat exchange device and a heat exchange method for a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation particle flow. The device can be used in the fields of waste heat recovery of high-temperature solid bulk materials, cooling and heating of industrial high-temperature bulk materials, solar heat collectors and the like.
Background
Particulate matter is widely present in modern industrial processes, such as metallurgy, building materials and solar power, where large quantities of particles need to be cooled or heated. At present, the indirect heat exchange aiming at the particulate matters is mainly applied to a tube-in-row heat exchanger and a plate heat exchanger. For the tube row type heat exchanger arranged in a horizontal staggered manner, the arrangement mode can continuously mix particles flowing outside the tube, but the particles can form stagnation areas and cavity areas at the top and the bottom of the round tube, the bulk material in the stagnation areas has low movement speed or is in a static state, the bulk material in the cavity areas is intermittently contacted with or not contacted with the wall of the heat exchange tube, and the two areas seriously influence the flowing heat exchange of the particles. Plate heat exchangers can be widely used by arranging more heat exchange surfaces in unit volume compared with tube-in-tube heat exchangers, particles flow in channels among heat exchange plates by gravity, and the heat exchange surfaces of the plate heat exchangers are usually provided with raised structures to increase heat exchange area so as to achieve the purpose of heat exchange enhancement, such as wave-panel heat exchangers.
Aiming at the plate heat exchanger, particulate matters are sensitive to the size of an attack angle of a heat exchange surface bulge of the plate heat exchanger, when the attack angle is too large, particles are prone to flow stagnation and accumulation and bridging, flowing heat exchange of the particles is affected, when the attack angle is too small, the particles smoothly flow through the heat exchange surface bulge, a temperature boundary layer is continuously developed, and heat exchange performance is poor. Meanwhile, the flowing state of the particles in the particle flowing channel is influenced by parameters such as particle size, particle viscosity, internal friction angle, wall surface friction coefficient and the like, so that the plate heat exchanger with a fixed attack angle has limited heat exchange strengthening capability, poor particle adaptability and higher risk of particle accumulation and bridging.
Therefore, there is a need for a method and apparatus for effectively enhancing heat transfer of particles flowing around a plate, which can enhance the disturbance and mixing of particles during the flowing process, destroy the temperature boundary layer, and effectively prevent the particles from stacking and bridging, so as to solve the deficiencies of the existing techniques.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for effectively strengthening particle heat exchange and preventing particle accumulation and bridging, which have wide particle adaptability and aim to solve the problems of low heat exchange efficiency of particles and a plate heat exchanger, easy caking and bridging and the like.
A heat exchange device for periodically regulating and controlling velocity gradient and velocity directional flow of particles comprises a feeding hopper, a heat exchanger supporting frame, a periodically regulating and controlling velocity gradient and velocity directional power device, a discharging hopper, a heat exchanger supporting base, a discharging device, a heat exchanger supporting frame cover plate and a particle flow heat exchange plate; a periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation generator is arranged on the particle side heat exchange surface of the particle flow heat exchange plate along the particle flow direction, the cross section of the generator is in a geometric structure with an attack angle not greater than 90 degrees and capable of obstructing particle flow, and the cross section of the optimized geometric structure is in a trapezoid shape; a plurality of particle flow heat exchange plates are vertically fixed in a heat exchanger support frame at equal intervals in the horizontal direction to form a particle flow heat exchange plate group; at least two groups of particle flow heat exchange plate groups are arranged in the heat exchanger supporting frame along the particle flowing direction, and are staggered up and down along the flowing direction and keep a certain distance; the heat exchanger supporting frame is fixed on the heat exchanger supporting base through a supporting rotating shaft, and the axis of the supporting rotating shaft is parallel to the heat exchange surface of the particle flow heat exchange plate; the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device is connected with the heat exchanger supporting base and the heat exchanger supporting frame and drives the heat exchanger supporting frame to move;
the particle materials are densely filled in the heat exchanger, the particles slowly flow downwards under the driving of gravity, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device drives the particle flow heat exchange plate to periodically swing around a supporting rotating shaft, the velocity and the moving direction of the particle flow are continuously changed under the synergistic action of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation generator and the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3), the development of a particle flow temperature boundary layer is continuously damaged, the mixing among the particles is strengthened, the filling rate and the updating of the particles near the heat exchange wall surface are enhanced, and the bridging and the blocking caused by the blocking effect of the periodic velocity gradient and the velocity directional regulation generator near the wall surface are prevented;
further, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device drives the particle flow heat exchange plate fixed on the heat exchanger support frame to rotate around the support rotating shaft in the clockwise direction and/or the anticlockwise direction.
Furthermore, the particle flow heat exchange plate main body is a closed cuboid shell, a fluid medium channel is arranged in the shell, two larger planes of the cuboid shell are heat exchange surfaces, a plurality of particle flow heat exchange plates are arranged in the heat exchanger supporting frame at intervals, and a particle flow channel is formed by the space between the heat exchange surfaces on the particle sides of the adjacent particle flow heat exchange plates; the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator is arranged on the side of the particle channel, the attack angle of the generator is smaller than the repose angle of the particles, and the number and the spacing of the generator are jointly determined by the heat exchange requirement of the particle flow, the friction angle in the particles, the wall surface friction coefficient and the swinging angle of the heat exchanger support frame; the end of the particle flow heat exchange plate is provided with a fluid medium inlet and a fluid medium outlet.
Further, a particle flow heat exchange plate mounting lug seat is arranged inside the heat exchanger supporting frame and used for fixing the particle flow heat exchange plate; the heat exchanger supporting frame is provided with a particle flow heat exchange plate mounting window in a direction parallel to a particle flow heat exchange plate heat exchange plane and is sealed by a heat exchanger supporting frame cover plate; a fluid medium inlet, an outlet header and a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device supporting seat are arranged outside the heat exchanger supporting frame; the top of the heat exchanger supporting frame is connected with the feeding hopper, and the bottom of the heat exchanger supporting frame is connected with the discharging device through the discharging hopper; the supporting rotating shaft can be positioned at any position of the plane parallel to the heat exchange surface of the particle flow heat exchange plate outside the heat exchanger supporting frame, and the preferable supporting rotating shaft is positioned at the position of the center of gravity of the plane; a particle height monitoring device is arranged in the feeding hopper; a particle flow monitoring device is arranged in the discharging device; the discharge hopper is provided with a temperature monitoring device.
The invention also provides a heat exchange method for the periodic velocity gradient and the velocity directional regulation particle flow, which comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the clockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating along the anticlockwise direction by taking any one end of the support rotating shaft on the heat exchanger support frame as a reference;
s2: the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device controls the heat exchanger supporting frame and equipment fixed on the heat exchanger supporting frame to keep a vertical state, the discharge device is in a closed state, particles enter the particle flow channel through the feeding hopper and are densely stacked in the particle flow channel, and fluid media in the particle flow heat exchange plate starts to flow;
s3: when the particle height monitoring device in the feeding hopper reaches a set value, namely the particle flow channel is completely filled with particles, the discharging device and the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device are started, the particles move downwards under the action of gravity and are discharged out of the heat exchanger through the discharging device;
s4, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation power device drives the particle flow heat exchange plate to rotate clockwise around the supporting rotating shaft, when the clockwise rotating angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate reaches the clockwise maximum swing angle, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation power device controls the particle flow heat exchange plate to keep a static state at the clockwise maximum swing angle for a time t (t >2S), and then the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation power device drives the particle flow heat exchange plate to rotate to a vertical state;
s5: the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device drives the particle flow heat exchange plate to rotate around the support rotating shaft in the anticlockwise direction, when the anticlockwise rotating angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate reaches the anticlockwise maximum swing angle, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device controls the particle flow heat exchange plate to keep a static state at the anticlockwise maximum swing angle for a time t (t >2s), and then the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device drives the particle flow heat exchange plate to rotate to a vertical state;
s6: repeating the steps S4 and S5 for n (n >1) times, so that the particle flow heat exchange plate periodically swings for a plurality of times along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction;
s7: monitoring the temperature of particles in the discharge hopper, and adjusting the rotating speed of a discharging device (6), the clockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating along the anticlockwise direction according to the height of bulk materials in the feeding hopper and the temperature of the particles in the discharge hopper;
s8: repeating the steps S4-S7 until the heat exchange device stops running;
further, the steps S4 and S5 form a complete swing cycle, the rotation of the particle flow heat exchange plate around the supporting rotation shaft is linear acceleration/deceleration and/or non-linear acceleration/deceleration and/or uniform motion, and the swing motion of the particle flow heat exchange plate is a continuous motion state or an intermittent motion state; the sum of the attack angle of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator and the clockwise or anticlockwise swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate is larger than the particle repose angle and smaller than 90 degrees or equal to the maximum attack angle capable of ensuring the flow of heat exchange particles
Further, the flow rate of the particles is controlled by a bottom discharge device, and the particles are in a dense filling state in the heat exchange device; when the particle flow monitoring device monitors that the rotating speed of the discharging device is not matched with the discharging flow of the particle flow, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device drives the particle flow heat exchange plate to do acceleration, deceleration and high-frequency swinging motion within a certain angle range so as to ensure the normal flow of the particle flow.
The method is based on:
in a vertical particle flow channel formed by a plate heat exchanger, particles move vertically downwards under the action of gravity, thermal resistance between the particles and a heat exchange surface can be divided into thermal contact resistance and thermal permeation resistance, for the particles with the same physical property, the main factor influencing the thermal contact resistance is the filling rate of the particles near a wall surface, the main factor influencing the thermal permeation resistance is the relative movement strength between the particles, along with the increase of the length of the heat exchange surface, a remarkable temperature boundary layer can exist between the particles and the heat exchange surface, the thermal permeation resistance is larger, and the heat exchange performance is poor. When the plate heat exchanger is used for indirect heat exchange of particles and fluid media, the heat exchange surface is provided with the convex structure, so that the heat exchange area can be increased, the particle flow is hindered, the particle flow velocity gradient is caused, the particle velocity of the region close to the wall surface at the upstream of the convex is lower than that of the region close to the center of the channel, the particles close to the center of the channel can move to the vicinity of the wall surface of the downstream region of the convex and are mixed with the particles flowing into the downstream region of the convex, the temperature boundary layer is damaged, the thermal permeation resistance of the particles close to the wall surface is reduced, and the heat exchange is enhanced.
The flow state of the particles in the particle flow channel is influenced by parameters such as particle properties (such as particle diameter, particle viscosity, internal friction angle, van der waals force and the like), channel shape, temperature, heat exchange surface roughness and the like, and in industrial production, the parameters such as the particle properties, the temperature and the like are dynamically changed along with time, so that the structure for strengthening heat exchange on the plate heat exchanger has limited effect on strengthening heat exchange for the state of the dynamic change of the parameters influencing the particle flow state, and even the accumulation and bridging of the flow channel can be caused. For example, when the protrusion blocking effect is too large, the particles move and stop near the wall surface, the particles are easy to accumulate and bridge, the flowing heat exchange of the particles is influenced, when the protrusion blocking effect is too small, the particles can smoothly flow through the protrusions of the heat exchange surface, the temperature boundary layer continues to develop, and the purpose of strengthening the heat exchange is difficult to achieve.
The invention enables the blocking effect of the bulges arranged on the heat exchange plate on the particle flow in the channel to be dynamically changed through the periodical swinging of the particle flow heat exchange plate, the speed and the direction of the particles are periodically changed under the combined action of the swinging effect and the gravity of the heat exchange plate, the filling rate and the updating of the particles mixed and mixed between the particles and the particles near the heat exchange wall surface are increased, and meanwhile, the accumulation and bridging of the particles are prevented.
The invention has the following advantages:
the device and the method can obviously reduce the contact thermal resistance and the infiltration thermal resistance when the particle flow and the flat plate exchange heat, effectively destroy the temperature boundary layer, and have higher heat exchange efficiency and more uniform particle temperature.
The device and the method have wide adaptability to particles, can meet the enhancement of particle heat exchange of different physical properties by adjusting the swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate, and have adaptability to different particles or particles with changed physical properties. The heat exchange is enhanced while preventing the accumulation and bridging of particles.
The device and the method can dynamically adjust the swing angle and the swing period of the particle flow heat exchange plate according to the heat exchange requirement, and can dynamically adjust the swing mode of the device according to the motion state of the bulk material, such as linear acceleration and deceleration, nonlinear acceleration and deceleration, uniform motion, continuous motion state or intermittent motion state.
The device simple structure, maintainability is strong, and parts such as granule flows heat transfer board can be dismantled alone and change.
The device goes into the hopper and swings along with heat exchanger braced frame for granule pan feeding distributes evenly, has avoided the bulk cargo to concentrate and has piled up.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic axial view of a body member according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a front view of a body member (no heat exchanger support frame cover plate (7)) of an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a body member of one embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic axial view of a heat exchanger support frame and a particle flow heat exchanger plate set
FIG. 5 is a right side view of the heat exchanger support frame
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 5
FIG. 7 is a schematic axial view of a particle flow heat exchanger plate
In the figure: 1 is a feeding hopper, 2 is a heat exchanger supporting frame, 2.1 is a heat exchanger bracket, 2.2 is a particle flow heat exchange plate fixing lug seat, 2.3 is an upper fluid medium outlet header, 2.4 is an upper fluid medium inlet header, 2.5 is an upper fluid medium outlet, 2.6 is an upper fluid medium inlet, 2.7 is a lower fluid medium outlet header, 2.8 is a lower fluid medium inlet header, 2.9 is a lower fluid medium outlet, 2.10 is a lower fluid medium inlet, 2.11 is a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control power device supporting seat, 2.12 is a supporting rotating shaft, 2.13 is a header fixing bracket, 3 is a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control power device, 4 is a discharging hopper, 5 is a heat exchanger supporting base, 5.1 is a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control power device fixing seat, 5.2 is a supporting rotating shaft supporting seat, 6 is a discharging device, 7 is a heat exchanger supporting frame cover plate, 8 is a particle flow heat exchange plate, 8.1 is a protective cover, 8.2 is a fluid medium inlet, 8.3 is a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation generator, 8.4 is a particle flow heat exchange plate fixing hole, and 8.5 is a fluid medium outlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be made clear and fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As can be seen from fig. 1-7, the main body of the heat exchange device for periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation and control of particle flow of the present invention mainly comprises a heat exchanger support frame 2 and a heat exchanger support base 5, wherein the heat exchanger support frame 2 is fixed with a support rotation shaft support base 5.2 arranged on the heat exchanger support base 5 through a support rotation shaft 2.12 (as shown in fig. 5) arranged thereon, so that the whole heat exchanger support frame 2 can freely rotate around the support rotation shaft 2.12, and the heat exchanger support base 5 is provided with a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation and control power device fixing base 5.1. One end of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device 3 is connected with a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device fixing seat 5.1, and the other end is connected with a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device supporting seat 2.11 (shown in figures 4 and 5) arranged on the heat exchanger supporting frame 2, and the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device supporting seat controls the swinging motion of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2. The top of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2 is connected with the feeding hopper 1, a bulk cargo height monitoring device is arranged in the feeding hopper 1, the bottom of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2 is connected with the top of the discharging hopper 4, the bottom of the discharging hopper 4 is connected with the discharging device 6, a particle temperature monitoring device is arranged in the discharging hopper 4, a particle flow monitoring device is arranged in the discharging device 6, and the discharging device 6 controls the flow of particles driven by gravity in the particle flow heat exchange device. Fluid medium headers (shown in figures 1 and 2) are arranged outside the side walls of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2, the fluid medium headers are respectively connected with the upper particle flow heat exchange plate group and the lower particle flow heat exchange plate group (shown in figures 1 and 4), the fluid medium headers are mainly divided into an upper fluid medium outlet header 2.3, an upper fluid medium inlet header 2.4, a lower fluid medium outlet header 2.7 and a lower fluid medium inlet header 2.8, and header fixing brackets 2.13 for fixing the headers are arranged on the outer walls of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2. Fluid medium inlets and outlets (an upper fluid medium outlet 2.5, an upper fluid medium inlet 2.6, a lower fluid medium outlet 2.9 and a lower fluid medium inlet 2.10) are arranged in the middle of the outer side wall of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2 parallel to the supporting rotating shaft 2.12. A periodic velocity gradient and a velocity orientation control power device supporting seat 2.11 (shown in fig. 4 and 5) are arranged at the bottom of the outer side wall of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2 parallel to the supporting rotating shaft 2.12. The outer side wall surface of the heat exchanger supporting frame 2 perpendicular to the supporting rotating shaft 2.12 is provided with a particle flow heat exchange plate 8 installation window (as shown in fig. 2 and 4), and the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 installation window is closed through a heat exchanger supporting frame cover plate 7 (as shown in fig. 1). The particle flow heat exchange plate fixing lug seats 2.2 are arranged in the heat exchanger supporting frame 2 and are fixed on the heat exchanger support 2.1 at equal intervals (as shown in fig. 2 and 4), and the particle flow heat exchange plate fixing lug seats 2.2 are used for fixing the particle flow heat exchange plates 8 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction (as shown in fig. 4). A plurality of particle flow heat exchange plates 8 are fixed in a heat exchanger support frame 2 at equal intervals along the horizontal direction through particle flow heat exchange plate fixing lug seats 2.2 and form a particle flow heat exchange plate group, the space between particle side heat exchange surfaces of adjacent particle flow heat exchange plates 8 in the particle flow heat exchange plate group forms a particle flow channel, two particle flow heat exchange plate groups are arranged along the particle flow direction and are divided into an upper particle flow heat exchange plate group and a lower particle flow heat exchange plate group (shown in figures 2 and 6), the particle flow heat exchange plates 8 of the upper particle flow heat exchange plate group and the lower particle flow heat exchange plate group are staggered in the horizontal direction, and a certain space is reserved at the bottom of the upper particle flow heat exchange plate group and the top of the lower particle flow heat exchange plate group in the vertical direction (shown in figure 6).
The particle flow heat exchange plate 8 is a closed cuboid shell (as shown in figure 7), a fluid medium channel is arranged inside the shell, the flow channel is in a snake shape, two planes with larger size of the cuboid shell are particle and fluid medium heat exchange surfaces, a periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation generator 8.3 (as shown in figure 7) is arranged on the heat exchange surface of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 along the particle flow direction, the cross section of the particle flow heat exchange plate is in a trapezoid shape (as shown in figures 2, 6 and 7), one end of the long side of the trapezoid is fixed with the heat exchange surface, the attack angle of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation generator 8.3 is smaller than the repose angle of particles, the length of the generator is equal to the length of the heat exchange surface, a fluid medium inlet 8.2 and a fluid medium outlet 8.5 are arranged at the end part of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8), a protective cover 8.1 is arranged at the top of the fluid medium inlet and outlet to protect the fluid medium inlet and outlet from particle scouring, the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 is provided with particle flow heat exchange plate fixing holes 8.4 on the side for fixing the particle flow heat exchange plate 8.
The method for enhancing the flow heat exchange of the particle flow by using the device comprises the following specific steps:
s1, setting a clockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating in the clockwise direction and a counterclockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating in the counterclockwise direction on the basis of a support rotating shaft at any end of a heat exchanger support frame, wherein the sum of the attack angle of a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 and the clockwise or counterclockwise swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate is larger than the particle repose angle and smaller than 90 degrees or equal to the maximum attack angle capable of ensuring the flow of heat exchange particles;
s2: the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device controls the heat exchanger supporting frame and equipment fixed on the heat exchanger supporting frame to keep a vertical state, at the moment, an included angle formed by the gravity direction and the heat exchange surface vertical to the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 and pointing to one side direction of a particle flow channel of the heat exchange surface is equal to 90 degrees, the discharge device is in a closed state, particles enter the particle flow channel through the feeding hopper and are densely stacked in the particle flow channel, and fluid media in the particle flow heat exchange plate start to flow;
s3: when the particle height monitoring device in the feeding hopper 1 reaches a set value, namely the particle flow channel is completely filled with particles, the discharging device 6 is started, the particles move downwards under the action of gravity and are discharged out of the heat exchanger through the discharging device 6, the discharging speed of the discharging device 6 is required to keep the particle height in the feeding hopper 1 to fluctuate near the set value, and the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device 3 is started;
s4, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation power device 3 drives the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 to rotate clockwise around the supporting rotating shaft 2.12, when the clockwise rotating angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 reaches the clockwise maximum swing angle, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation power device 3 controls the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 to keep a static state at the clockwise maximum swing angle for a time t (t is more than 2S), and then the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation power device 3 drives the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 to rotate to a vertical state;
s5: the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device 3 drives the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 to rotate around the support rotating shaft 2.12 in the anticlockwise direction, when the anticlockwise rotating angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 reaches the anticlockwise maximum swing angle, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device 3 controls the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 to keep in a static state at the anticlockwise maximum swing angle for a time t (t is more than 2s), and then the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device 3 drives the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 to rotate to a vertical state;
s6: repeating the steps S4 and S5 n (n >1) times to make the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 periodically swing for a plurality of times in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions;
s7: monitoring the temperature of particles in the discharge hopper 4, and adjusting the rotating speed of the discharge device 6 and the clockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 rotating along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 rotating along the anticlockwise direction according to the height of bulk materials in the feed hopper 1 and the temperature of the particles in the discharge hopper 4;
s8: repeating the steps S4-S7 until the heat exchange device stops running;
the working principle of the invention for enhancing the flow heat exchange of particles is specifically described as follows:
steps S4 and S5 constitute a complete rocking cycle, and in the process of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 periodically rocking clockwise and counterclockwise around the support rotation shaft 2.12, the periodic velocity gradient and the blocking effect of the velocity directional control generator 8.3 on the particles in the upstream region thereof form a periodic velocity gradient and a velocity gradient of the particle flow in the upstream region of the velocity directional control generator 8.3; the oscillating particle flow heat exchange plate 8 enables the blocking effect of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation generator 8.3 on the particles to change periodically; the particle side heat exchange surface on the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 is divided into two heat exchange stages in a swing cycle: the included angle between the gravity direction and the heat exchange surface of the vertical particle flow heat exchange plate 8 and the direction of one side of the particle flow channel of the heat exchange surface is less than 90 degrees, namely the particle quick updating heat exchange stage; and the included angle between the gravity direction and the heat exchange surface vertical to the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 and pointing to one side direction of the particle flow channel of the heat exchange surface is more than 90 degrees, namely the particle dense accumulation heat exchange stage.
In the swinging process of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8, when the included angle between the gravity direction and the heat exchange surface vertical to the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 and pointing to one side direction of the particle flow channel of the heat exchange surface is gradually larger than 90 degrees, the particle flow in the upstream area of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 is gradually increased under the effect of obstruction, the particle flow speed near the wall surface is gradually reduced, the particle velocity gradient in the upstream area of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 is gradually increased, the component force of the gravity on the particles along the heat exchange surface vertical to the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 and pointing to one side direction of the fluid medium channel of the heat exchange surface is gradually increased, the particles are gradually and tightly contacted with the heat exchange surface, the particle filling rate near the wall surface is gradually increased, the heat exchange is enhanced, the particle velocity far away from the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 in the particle flow channel is not obstructed by the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3, the particle velocity in the middle of the particle flow channel is higher than the particle velocity near the upstream wall surface of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3, particles in the middle area of the particle flow channel are supplemented to the area close to the heat exchange wall surface at the downstream of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 under the action of velocity difference, the particles in the heat exchange wall surface area are updated, the heat exchange between the particles and the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 is enhanced, and the heat exchange permeation resistance of the particle flow is gradually reduced.
In the swinging process of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8, when the included angle between the gravity direction and the heat exchange surface vertical to the particle flow channel of the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 and pointing to one side direction of the particle flow channel of the heat exchange surface is gradually smaller than 90 degrees, the particle flow in the upstream area of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 is gradually reduced under the effect of obstruction, the particle flow velocity near the wall surface is gradually increased, the particle flow velocity gradient in the upstream area of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 is gradually reduced, the component force of the gravity borne by the particles along the heat exchange surface vertical to the particle flow heat exchange plate 8 and pointing to one side direction of the particle flow channel of the heat exchange surface is gradually increased, the velocity and the acceleration of the particles moving to the center of the channel are gradually increased, the mixing of the particles in the direction vertical to the heat exchange surface is enhanced, and the particles are gradually accelerated to leave the upstream area of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3, the particle renewal near the wall surface is accelerated, the heat exchange is enhanced, a void area is generated in the area of the downstream of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3 close to the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator 8.3, and the particle mixing in the downstream area is enhanced.
Claims (7)
1. A periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation particle flow heat exchange device is characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding hopper (1), a heat exchanger supporting frame (2), a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3), a discharging hopper (4), a heat exchanger supporting base (5), a discharging device (6), a heat exchanger supporting frame cover plate (7) and a particle flow heat exchange plate (8); a periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation generator (8.3) is arranged on the particle side heat exchange surface of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) along the particle flow direction, the cross section of the generator is in a geometric structure with an attack angle not greater than 90 degrees and capable of obstructing particle flow, and the cross section of the optimal geometric structure is in a trapezoid shape; a plurality of particle flow heat exchange plates (8) are vertically fixed in the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) at equal intervals in the horizontal direction to form a particle flow heat exchange plate group; at least two groups of particle flow heat exchange plate groups are arranged in the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) along the particle flow direction, and are staggered up and down along the flow direction and keep a spacing; the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) is fixed on the heat exchanger supporting base (5) through a supporting rotating shaft (2.12), and the axis of the supporting rotating shaft (2.12) is parallel to the heat exchange surface of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8); the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) is connected with the heat exchanger supporting base (5) and the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) and drives the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) to move;
the particle materials are densely filled in the heat exchanger, particles slowly flow downwards under the driving of gravity, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) drives the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to periodically swing around the supporting rotating shaft (2.12), under the synergistic action of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation generator (8.3) and the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3), the velocity and the movement direction of the particle flow are continuously changed, the development of a particle flow temperature boundary layer is continuously damaged, the mixing among the particles is strengthened, the filling rate and the updating of the particles near the heat exchange wall surface are strengthened, and meanwhile, bridging and blocking caused by the blocking effect of the periodic velocity gradient and the velocity directional regulation generator (8.3) near the wall surface are prevented.
2. The heat exchange device for the periodic velocity gradient and the directional velocity regulation of particle flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) drives the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) fixed on the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) to rotate around the supporting rotating shaft (2.12) along the clockwise direction and/or the anticlockwise direction.
3. The heat exchange device for the periodic velocity gradient and the directional velocity regulation of particle flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle flow heat exchange plates (8) are mainly closed cuboid shells, fluid medium channels are arranged in the shells, two large planes of the cuboid shells are heat exchange surfaces, a plurality of particle flow heat exchange plates (8) are arranged in the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) at intervals, and spaces between the particle side heat exchange surfaces of the adjacent particle flow heat exchange plates (8) form particle flow channels; a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation generator (8.3) is arranged on the side of the particle channel, and the attack angle of the generator is smaller than the repose angle of the particles; the end part of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) is provided with a fluid medium inlet (8.2) and a fluid medium outlet (8.5).
4. The heat exchange device for the periodic velocity gradient and the directional velocity regulation of particle flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: a particle flow heat exchange plate mounting lug seat (2.2) is arranged in the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) and used for fixing a particle flow heat exchange plate (8); the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) is provided with a particle flow heat exchange plate (8) mounting window in a direction parallel to the heat exchange plane of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8), and is sealed by a heat exchanger supporting frame cover plate (7); a fluid medium inlet, an outlet header and a periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device supporting seat (2.11) are arranged outside the heat exchanger supporting frame (2); the top of the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) is connected with the feeding hopper (1), and the bottom of the heat exchanger supporting frame is connected with the discharging device (6) through the discharging hopper (4); the supporting rotating shaft (2.12) can be positioned at any position of the plane parallel to the heat exchange surface of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) on the outer side of the heat exchanger supporting frame (2), and preferably the supporting rotating shaft (2.12) is positioned at the position of the center of gravity of the plane; a particle height monitoring device is arranged in the feeding hopper (1); a particle flow monitoring device is arranged in the discharging device (6); the discharge hopper (4) is provided with a temperature monitoring device.
5. A method for heat exchange against a flow of enhanced particles using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, setting the clockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) rotating along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating along the anticlockwise direction by taking any end supporting rotating shaft (2.12) on the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) as a reference;
s2: the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) controls the heat exchanger supporting frame (2) and equipment fixed on the heat exchanger supporting frame to keep a vertical state, the discharge device (6) is in a closed state, particles enter a particle flow channel through the feeding hopper (1) and are densely stacked in the particle flow channel, and fluid media in the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) start to flow;
s3: when the particle height monitoring device in the feeding hopper (1) reaches a set value, namely the particle flow channel is completely filled with particles, the discharging device (6) and the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) are started, the particles move downwards under the action of gravity and are discharged out of the heat exchanger through the discharging device (6);
s4, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation and control power device (3) drives the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to rotate around the supporting rotating shaft (2.12) along the clockwise direction, when the clockwise rotating angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) reaches the clockwise maximum swing angle, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation and control power device (3) controls the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to keep a static state at the clockwise maximum swing angle and lasts for a time t (t >2S), and then the periodic velocity gradient and velocity orientation regulation and control power device (3) drives the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to rotate to the vertical state;
s5: the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) drives the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to rotate around the supporting rotating shaft (2.12) along the anticlockwise direction, when the anticlockwise rotating angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) reaches the anticlockwise maximum swing angle, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) controls the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to keep a static state at the anticlockwise maximum swing angle for a time t (t >2s), and then the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) drives the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to rotate to the vertical state;
s6: repeating the steps S4 and S5 n (n >1) times to make the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) periodically swing for a plurality of times along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise direction;
s7: monitoring the temperature of particles in the discharge hopper (4), and adjusting the rotating speed of the discharging device (6) and the clockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) rotating along the clockwise direction and the anticlockwise maximum swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate rotating along the anticlockwise direction according to the height of bulk materials in the feed hopper (1) and the temperature of the particles in the discharge hopper (4);
s8: and repeating the steps S4-S7 until the heat exchange device stops running.
6. The method of claim 5 for heat exchange against a flow of enhanced particles using the apparatus of claim 1, wherein: step S4 and step S5 constitute a complete swing cycle, the rotation motion of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) around the supporting rotating shaft (2.12) is linear acceleration and deceleration and/or nonlinear acceleration and/or uniform motion, and the swing motion of the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) is in a continuous motion state or an intermittent motion state; the sum of the attack angle of the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional control generator (8.3) and the maximum clockwise or anticlockwise swing angle of the particle flow heat exchange plate is larger than the particle repose angle and smaller than 90 degrees or equal to the maximum attack angle capable of ensuring the flow of heat exchange particles.
7. The method of claim 5 for heat exchange against a flow of enhanced particles using the apparatus of claim 1, wherein: when the particle flow monitoring device monitors that the rotating speed of the discharging device (6) is not matched with the discharging flow of the particle flow, the periodic velocity gradient and velocity directional regulation power device (3) drives the particle flow heat exchange plate (8) to do acceleration, deceleration and high-frequency swinging motion so as to ensure the normal flow of the particle flow.
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