CN112066473A - 一种增压式除湿系统 - Google Patents

一种增压式除湿系统 Download PDF

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CN112066473A
CN112066473A CN202010958431.4A CN202010958431A CN112066473A CN 112066473 A CN112066473 A CN 112066473A CN 202010958431 A CN202010958431 A CN 202010958431A CN 112066473 A CN112066473 A CN 112066473A
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dehumidification
air
wet air
compressor
supercharged
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杨涵
张兴娟
廖俊元
杨春信
王超
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/06—Superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/144—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only

Abstract

本发明公开了一种增压式除湿系统，属于空气调节技术领域。系统由回热器、压缩机、电动机、辅助冷却换热器、高压水分离器及膨胀阀组成，湿空气在经过降温、升压、冷凝后通过高压水分离器分离出大部分的冷凝水，再进行回热和泄压后可供给环境，达到除湿的目的。该系统简单可靠，相比于传统的降温除湿法具有更高的除湿效率，能实现高露点温度除湿，可应用于室内、车内等多种环境的空气除湿。

Description

一种增压式除湿系统
技术领域
本发明属于空气调节技术领域，涉及一种增压式除湿系统。
背景技术
在许多日常生活和工业场景中，湿度是一个重要的环境参数。在日常生活中，若人长时间处于湿度过高的环境下会感到身体不适，甚至可能导致健康问题；工业生产中，过高的湿度也会造成工业产品质量下降和机械、电子设备的损坏等问题。上述各类情形下，对环境空气进行除湿很有必要。目前大多数工程应用采用的除湿方法为简单的降温除湿法，即通过将湿空气的温度降至其露点温度以下以析出水分进行除湿，但这种方法在空气露点温度较低时除湿效果不佳，且系统运行受到水凝固点温度的限值。
发明内容
针对上述除湿效率低下的问题，本发明提出一种除湿效果好的增压式除湿系统。
一种增压式除湿系统，湿空气首先进入回热器被冷却降温，其次进入由电动机带动的压缩机被压缩，升温和升压后进入辅助冷却换热器。高温高压的湿空气经过辅助冷却换热器后达到饱和状态而析出大量的水分，此后通过高压水分离器分离出大部分的游离水。经过除湿后的饱和湿空气经过回热器后升温变为未饱和的状态，最终经过膨胀阀卸压后恢复到常压。
本发明的优点在于：
1、系统采用增压式的除湿方式，压缩机能将湿空气的压力升高而提高其露点温度，经过辅助冷却换热器冷却析出水分后进行高压除湿，更高的露点温度可以提高辅助冷却换热器的温度，降低其设计难度，相比于传统的降温除湿法具有更高的除湿能力；
2、系统采用了回热器的设计，使入口与出口的湿空气进行热交换，可将供气温度回升至正常水平的同时消除游离水的存在，此外还能达到预冷湿空气从而减小压缩机功耗的目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种增压式除湿系统的结构示意图。
图中：
1-回热器 2-压缩机 3-电动机
4-辅助冷却换热器 5-高压水分离器 6-膨胀阀
7-供气
具体实施方式
结合图1说明系统的具体工作过程。需要进行除湿的湿空气供气7首先进入回热器1，由于回热器1中另一路温度较低，因此湿空气作为热边被另一侧的冷边冷却降温。回热器1的热边与压缩机2入口相连，压缩机2由电动机3带动，湿空气以未饱和的状态进入压缩机2被压缩为高温高压的状态。压缩机2出口与辅助冷却换热器4入口相连，湿空气在流经辅助冷却换热器4时被外界热沉所冷却。由于此前已在压缩机2中提高了湿空气的压力，此时高压下的空气具有较高的露点温度，经过辅助冷却换热器4冷却后会析出大量的水分。从辅助冷却换热器4的出口输出后，带有大量游离水的饱和湿空气通过高压水分离器5后除去大部分的游离水，达到除湿的目的。这时流道内还是高压饱和湿空气伴有少量游离水的状态，之后作为冷边流经回热器1被温度更高的热边加热后温度恢复到正常水平，状态也变为未饱和湿空气，已不存在游离水。最终，这部分空气经过膨胀阀6卸压后恢复到常压，即可供给环境。
系统实施算例
为了说明该增压式除湿系统的可行性，本专利使用焓参数匹配法对其热力性能进行了计算。由于选取不同的压缩机功率及辅助冷却换热器热载荷可以达到不同的除湿量，本例计算了如表1所示的相关系统参数及部件特性参数的工况。
表1系统参数及部件特性参数
供气7质量流量(kg/s) 0.1
供气7温度(℃) 25
供气7压力(Pa) 101325
供气7相对湿度 50％
回热器1效率 0.6
压缩机2效率 0.7
压缩机2压比 1.8
水分离器5效率 0.95
表2展示了该工况在设计除湿量0.3g/s下系统内各处的热物性计算结果，系统出口的含湿量降至6.93g/kga，整体除湿效率达到30.21％。
表2系统各处的热物性参数计算结果
参考位置 焓值(kJ/kg) 温度(℃) 压力(Pa) 含湿量(g/kg<sub>a</sub>) 相对湿度
回热器1热边入口 50.41 25.00 101325 9.93 50.00％
压缩机2入口 40.93 15.74 101325 9.93 89.87％
压缩机2出口 123.42 96.36 182385 9.93 1.70％
水分离器5入口 34.63 17.39 182385 6.77 100.00％
水分离器5出口 34.62 17.39 182385 6.77 100.00％
回热器1冷边出口 44.09 26.30 182385 6.93 58.89％
膨胀阀6出口 44.09 26.30 101325 6.93 32.22％

Claims (4)

1.一种增压式除湿系统，主要包括回热器、压缩机、电动机、辅助冷却换热器、高压水分离器、膨胀阀。其特征在于：湿空气进入系统后首先通过回热器，在回热器内降温后进入由电动机带动的压缩机，湿空气被压缩为高压状态后经过辅助冷却换热器，降温的同时析出大量水分，此后进入水分离器分离出大部分的游离水，再经过回热器加热升温、膨胀阀卸压后供给环境。
2.根据权利要求1所述的增压式除湿系统，其特征在于：湿空气从入口进入后依次经过单通道的各部件，经历相应的状态变化后最终达到除湿的目的。
3.根据权利要求1所述的增压式除湿系统，其特征在于：系统采用增压式的除湿方式，由电动机带动的压缩机能将系统流道内的湿空气的压力升高，从而提高其露点温度进行高压除湿。
4.根据权利要求1所述的增压式除湿系统，其特征在于：系统采用了回热器的设计，使入口与出口的湿空气进行热交换，可将供气温度回升至引气水平的同时消除游离水，此外还能将引气预冷、达到减小压缩机功耗的目的。
CN202010958431.4A 2020-09-14 2020-09-14 一种增压式除湿系统 Pending CN112066473A (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002257376A (ja) * 2001-03-02 2002-09-11 Ebara Corp 除湿装置
CN101881490A (zh) * 2009-05-05 2010-11-10 北京航空航天大学 应用膜组件的高压除湿式飞机新型环境控制系统
CN103256742A (zh) * 2013-05-16 2013-08-21 北京航空航天大学 电动分体式四轮高压除水空气循环制冷系统
CN103263822A (zh) * 2013-05-16 2013-08-28 北京航空航天大学 一种压缩空气冷却干燥装置
CN104100500A (zh) * 2014-07-21 2014-10-15 北京航空航天大学 电动压气机自引射增压系统及其增压方法
CN110848826A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-28 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 除湿装置、除湿控制方法以及存储介质

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002257376A (ja) * 2001-03-02 2002-09-11 Ebara Corp 除湿装置
CN101881490A (zh) * 2009-05-05 2010-11-10 北京航空航天大学 应用膜组件的高压除湿式飞机新型环境控制系统
CN103256742A (zh) * 2013-05-16 2013-08-21 北京航空航天大学 电动分体式四轮高压除水空气循环制冷系统
CN103263822A (zh) * 2013-05-16 2013-08-28 北京航空航天大学 一种压缩空气冷却干燥装置
CN104100500A (zh) * 2014-07-21 2014-10-15 北京航空航天大学 电动压气机自引射增压系统及其增压方法
CN110848826A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-28 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 除湿装置、除湿控制方法以及存储介质

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