CN112065517A - 一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统 - Google Patents

一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统 Download PDF

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CN112065517A
CN112065517A CN202011057374.9A CN202011057374A CN112065517A CN 112065517 A CN112065517 A CN 112065517A CN 202011057374 A CN202011057374 A CN 202011057374A CN 112065517 A CN112065517 A CN 112065517A
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steam
energy storage
outlet
air
compressed air
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马汀山
居文平
王妍
吕凯
张建元
黄嘉驷
王春燕
林轶
王东晔
刘学亮
杨利
郑天帅
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Xian Xire Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
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Xian Xire Energy Saving Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，将燃煤发电机组与液态压缩空气储能系统相耦合，液态压缩空气储能系统空气压缩机采用背压式小汽轮机驱动，小汽轮机进汽汽源取自机组热再蒸汽，排汽用于对外工业供汽。与热再蒸汽减温减压对外供汽相比，实现了对抽汽能量的合理梯级利用，避免了减温减压所造成的能量浪费。背压式小汽轮机驱动空气压缩机运转，完成液态压缩空气储能系统空气压缩过程，降低储能系统电耗。

Description

一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统
【技术领域】
本发明属于热能综合利用技术领域，涉及一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统。
【背景技术】
为应对化石燃料逐渐枯竭以及由其引发的环境问题，近年来以风能、太阳能为代表的可再生能源发电发展迅猛。具有波动性、随机性的可再生能源发电大规模并网，对电网削峰填谷、安全稳定运行水平提出了更高要求。建设大规模储能装置，提升电力系统运行灵活性及安全性，是解决新能源高比例消纳问题的有效途径。
目前，大规模储能技术主要有抽水蓄能、压缩空气储能、电化学储能。其中，抽水蓄能技术已非常成熟，且效率较高，但选址条件严苛、建设周期长；电化学储能存在寿命短、工业污染等问题；压缩空气储能技术具有寿命长、环境污染小、运行维护费用低等特点，具备规模化推广应用潜力。特别是液态压缩空气储能技术，通过将空气深冷液化实现压缩空气的液态存储，大幅缩小储存容积，极大地提升了系统储能密度。但常规液态压缩空气储能系统整体储能效率较低、运行成本较高。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术中的问题，提供一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，本发明通过燃煤发电机组与液态压缩空气储能系统的耦合，采用机组抽汽余压驱动背压式小汽轮机，带动液态压缩空气储能系统空气压缩机运转。实现对抽汽能量的合理梯级利用，降低压缩空气储能系统电耗，提升系统整体运行效率。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现：
一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，包括：
燃煤发电机组，所述燃煤发电机组包括锅炉和汽轮机组，汽轮机组的中压缸进汽与液态压缩空气储能系统相连，高压缸、中压缸、低压缸驱动第一发电机发电；
液态压缩空气储能系统，所述液态压缩空气储能系统包括背压式汽轮机以及至少一级空气压缩机，背压式汽轮机的汽源来自锅炉的再热蒸汽；背压式汽轮机驱动空气压缩机，空气压缩机的压缩空气出口连接制冷膨胀机，制冷膨胀机出口连接气液分离装置，气液分离装置的气体出口连接空气压缩机的入口，液体出口连接空气储罐；空气储罐的出口连接升压泵，升压泵出口通过至少一级空气加热器与至少一级空气膨胀机相连；空气膨胀机驱动第二发电机发电。
本发明进一步的改进在于：
所述空气加热器和空气膨胀机的数量相同。
所述汽轮机组包括高压缸，高压缸的排汽口连接锅炉的再热器进口，再热蒸汽出口分为两路，一路连接中压缸的进汽口，另一路连接背压式汽轮机的进汽口，中压缸的排汽口连接低压缸进汽口。
所述锅炉再热器出口通过阀门与背压式汽轮机相连。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明通过燃煤发电机组与液态压缩空气储能发电系统的耦合，实现供热抽汽能量的合理梯级利用，避免了抽汽直接减温减压外供所造成的能量浪费。与常规液态压缩空气储能系统相比，本发明利用蒸汽余压驱动背压式小汽轮机带动空气压缩机运转，有效降低了储能系统电耗。提升了燃煤发电机组耦合液态压缩空气储能系统的整体运行效率。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明的热力系统示意图。
其中：1-锅炉，2-高压缸，3-中压缸，4-低压缸，5-第一发电机，6-阀门，7-背压式汽轮机，8-空气压缩机，9-制冷膨胀机，10-气液分离装置，11-空气储罐，12-升压泵，13-空气加热器，14-空气膨胀机，15-第二发电机。
【具体实施方式】
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，若出现术语“上”、“下”、“水平”、“内”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，若出现术语“水平”，并不表示要求部件绝对水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本发明实施例的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，若出现术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细描述：
参见图1，本发明背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，包括燃煤发电机组和液态压缩空气储能系统。
燃煤发电机组包括锅炉1和汽轮机组，锅炉1的再热器出口分为两路，一路连接中压缸3进汽，另一路与液态压缩空气储能系统相连，高压缸2、中压缸3、低压缸4驱动第一发电机5发电；汽轮机组包括高压缸2，高压缸2的排汽口连接锅炉1的再热器进口，再热蒸汽出口分为两路，一路连接中压缸3的进汽口，另一路连接背压式汽轮机7的进汽口，中压缸3的排汽口连接低压缸4进汽口。锅炉1再热器出口通过阀门6与液态压缩空气储能系统相连。
液态压缩空气储能系统包括背压式汽轮机7以及至少一空气压缩机8，背压式汽轮机7的汽源来自锅炉1的再热蒸汽；背压式汽轮机7驱动空气压缩机8，空气压缩机8的压缩空气出口连接制冷膨胀机9，制冷膨胀机9出口连接气液分离装置10，气液分离装置10的气体出口连接空气压缩机8的入口，液体出口连接空气储罐11；空气储罐11的出口连接升压泵12，升压泵12出口通过至少一空气加热器13与至少一空气膨胀机14相连；空气膨胀机14驱动第二发电机15发电。空气加热器13和空气膨胀机14的数量相同。
本发明的工作原理：
当液态压缩空气储能系统储能模式运行时，打开阀门6，锅炉1出口再热蒸汽一部分进入中压缸3膨胀做功，一部分通过阀门6进入背压式汽轮机7，带动空气压缩机8运转，背压式汽轮机7排汽用于对外工业供汽。空气压缩机8出口高压空气进入制冷膨胀机9，膨胀放热后进入气液分离装置10，液态空气存储于空气储罐11中，所分离气态空气返回空气压缩机8入口进行重新压缩。完成液态压缩空气储能系统空气压缩储能过程。
当液态压缩空气储能系统对外释能发电时，空气储罐11出口液态空气经升压泵12升压后，进入空气加热器13加热升温，之后进入空气膨胀机14膨胀做功，带动第二发电机15发电。完成液态压缩空气储能系统释能发电过程。
空气压缩机8可为一级或多级。
空气加热器13、空气膨胀机14可为一级或多级，且空气加热器13与空气膨胀机14数量对应。
本发明一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，将燃煤发电机组与液态压缩空气储能系统相耦合，液态压缩空气储能系统空气压缩机采用背压式小汽轮机驱动，小汽轮机进汽汽源取自机组热再蒸汽，排汽用于对外工业供汽。与热再蒸汽减温减压对外供汽相比，实现了对抽汽能量的合理梯级利用，避免了减温减压所造成的能量浪费。背压式小汽轮机驱动空气压缩机运转，完成液态压缩空气储能系统空气压缩过程，降低储能系统电耗。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，其特征在于，包括：
燃煤发电机组，所述燃煤发电机组包括锅炉(1)和汽轮机组，汽轮机组的中压缸(3)进汽与液态压缩空气储能系统相连，高压缸(2)、中压缸(3)、低压缸(4)驱动第一发电机(5)发电；
液态压缩空气储能系统，所述液态压缩空气储能系统包括背压式汽轮机(7)以及至少一级空气压缩机(8)，背压式汽轮机(7)的汽源来自锅炉(1)的再热蒸汽；背压式汽轮机(7)驱动空气压缩机(8)，空气压缩机(8)的压缩空气出口连接制冷膨胀机(9)，制冷膨胀机(9)出口连接气液分离装置(10)，气液分离装置(10)的气体出口连接空气压缩机(8)的入口，液体出口连接空气储罐(11)；空气储罐(11)的出口连接升压泵(12)，升压泵(12)出口通过至少一级空气加热器(13)与至少一级空气膨胀机(14)相连；空气膨胀机(14)驱动第二发电机(15)发电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于低压缸零出力技术的汽驱液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，其特征在于，所述空气加热器(13)和空气膨胀机(14)的数量相同。
3.根据权利要求1所述的背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，其特征在于，所述汽轮机组包括高压缸(2)，高压缸(2)的排汽口连接锅炉(1)的再热器进口，再热蒸汽出口分为两路，一路连接中压缸(3)的进汽口，另一路连接背压式汽轮机(7)的进汽口，中压缸(3)的排汽口连接低压缸(4)进汽口。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统，其特征在于，所述锅炉(1)再热器出口通过阀门(6)与背压式汽轮机(7)相连。
CN202011057374.9A 2020-09-29 2020-09-29 一种背压式汽轮机驱动的液态压缩空气储能调峰系统 Pending CN112065517A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113202586A (zh) * 2021-06-09 2021-08-03 中国科学院理化技术研究所 与火电厂联合运行的液态空气储能发电系统
CN114215619A (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-22 华能南京金陵发电有限公司 一种增强燃煤机组深度调峰能力的储能发电系统

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113202586A (zh) * 2021-06-09 2021-08-03 中国科学院理化技术研究所 与火电厂联合运行的液态空气储能发电系统
CN114215619A (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-22 华能南京金陵发电有限公司 一种增强燃煤机组深度调峰能力的储能发电系统

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