CN112065491A - Tunnel construction ventilation method - Google Patents
Tunnel construction ventilation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112065491A CN112065491A CN202010993640.2A CN202010993640A CN112065491A CN 112065491 A CN112065491 A CN 112065491A CN 202010993640 A CN202010993640 A CN 202010993640A CN 112065491 A CN112065491 A CN 112065491A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- tunnel
- trolley
- wire rope
- ventilation
- steel wire
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/04—Air ducts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/02—Suspension devices for tubes or the like, e.g. for ventilating ducts
Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel construction ventilation method, which comprises the following steps: before blasting operation of tunnel construction, the fan is shut down, the mobile device is moved backwards to a safe area, and the ventilation hose is stored along the axial direction of the tunnel in the moving backwards process; after the blasting operation is finished, the mobile device is moved forwards to a construction area, and in the process of moving forwards, the ventilation hose is stretched along the axial direction of the tunnel until the ventilation hose is in a tensioning state; starting a fan and exhausting air; the method has the advantages that: the ventilation operation process is greatly simplified, the operation is easier and simpler, the operation process needing manpower is mainly to disassemble and assemble the fastening bandage, one point or a few points of the steel wire rope are anchored at intervals, and the heavy process of repeatedly hanging and disassembling the ventilation hose is omitted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel construction technology, in particular to a tunnel construction ventilation method.
Background
In the tunnel construction process, a good construction environment must be created due to the operation of a large number of people in the tunnel, and for this reason, a ventilator and an air duct are generally used for conveying fresh air to an operation area and discharging waste gas, blast fume and other dirty air generated in the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel. The traditional ventilation modes of the tunnel construction air pipe comprise a feeding type ventilation mode, a discharging type ventilation mode, a mixing type ventilation mode and the like. Wherein, discharge formula ventilation mode can be very fast inhale outside the ventilation tube with the regional dirty air of face and discharge, and fresh air gets into the tunnel through the entrance to a cave outside the hole, has that the operational environment is good, advantage that ventilation efficiency is high. However, the disadvantages include: firstly, the ventilator needs to be continuously moved forwards along with the forward propulsion of the palm; secondly, in order to prevent the ventilation equipment and the air duct from being damaged by flying rocks, the ventilator needs to be moved backwards to a safe area during blasting operation, the fan moves forwards to the position near the face to exhaust air after the blasting operation is finished, the air duct needs to be repeatedly hung and dismantled during the blasting operation, the air duct is extremely easy to damage (the ventilation equipment is scrapped within three kilometers of tunneling under normal conditions), the service life and the ventilation effect are influenced, the field operation is very complex, and the mode is rarely used in actual construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the tunnel construction ventilation method which is simple to operate, long in service life, low in cost, high in ventilation efficiency, good in working environment and capable of shortening the construction time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A tunnel construction ventilation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, before blasting operation of tunnel construction, shutting down a fan, moving a mobile device backwards to a safe area, and storing a ventilation hose along the axial direction of a tunnel in the backward moving process;
step 2, after the blasting operation is finished, moving the mobile device forwards to a construction area, and stretching the ventilation hose along the axial direction of the tunnel in the forward moving process until the ventilation hose is in a tensioning state;
step 3, starting a fan and exhausting air;
step 4, repeating the step 1 to the step 3;
wherein, mobile device includes: the air guide duct is fixedly arranged on a top platform of the trolley, the fan is fixedly arranged in the air guide duct, the barrel is sleeved outside the air guide duct, the front end of the barrel is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air guide duct, the rear end of the barrel is suspended, and a space formed by the barrel and the air guide duct together is used as a cavity for axially accommodating the ventilation hose;
the front end of the ventilation hose is positioned in the cavity, the rear end of the ventilation hose extends out of the tunnel, and the body part of the ventilation hose is hung at the arch top part of the tunnel.
In order to further reduce the construction difficulty, a steel wire rope reel is arranged at the top of the air duct, a steel wire rope is arranged at the arch crown part of the tunnel positioned behind the trolley, the front section of the steel wire rope is wound on the steel wire rope reel, the rear section of the steel wire rope is fixed at the arch crown part of the tunnel, and the body part of the ventilation hose is hung on the steel wire rope; in the process of backward movement of the trolley, the steel wire rope is wound up by rotating the steel wire rope reel; during the forward movement of the trolley, the wire rope is pulled out again.
In order to continuously and stably realize ventilation, after the tunnel is tunneled for a certain distance, the steel wire rope behind the air guide cylinder is anchored at the arch crown part of the tunnel under the condition that the requirement of backward movement of the trolley is met.
In order to realize ventilation more stably, after the step 2 is finished, a fastening bandage is adopted to fix the ventilation hose on the air duct; before the moving device moves backwards, the fastening bandage is firstly removed.
In order to realize ventilation more stably and store the ventilation hose more easily, the tail part of the air duct is provided with an expansion part, and the maximum outer diameter of the expansion part is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the ventilation hose.
For convenient construction, a plurality of operating platforms are arranged on two sides of the trolley.
In order to further improve the service life and the safety of the ventilation equipment, the moving device also comprises a cable reel fixedly arranged on the trolley.
In order to further reduce the construction cost of the tunnel and reduce the difficulty of ventilation operation, the moving device further comprises a control system and a driving system for driving the trolley to move, the control system is connected with the driving system, the control system comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored on the memory and can be operated on the processor, and the processor executes the program and realizes the following steps:
SS01, shutting down the fan according to the instruction;
SS02, controlling the trolley to move backwards according to the instruction (the distance of each backward movement is set by the technicians in the field according to the blasting safety distance), and controlling the steel wire rope reel to rotate clockwise and the cable reel to rotate clockwise in the backward movement process of the trolley;
SS03, controlling the trolley to stop moving backwards after the trolley moves backwards for a preset distance, and controlling the steel wire rope reel and the cable reel to stop rotating;
SS04, controlling the trolley to move forward according to the instruction, and controlling the steel wire rope reel to rotate anticlockwise and controlling the cable reel to rotate anticlockwise in the process of moving forward of the trolley;
SS05, after the trolley moves forward for a preset distance, controlling the trolley to stop moving forward and controlling the steel wire rope reel and the cable reel to stop rotating;
and SS06, and starting the fan according to the instruction.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the ventilation operation process is greatly simplified, the operation is easier and simpler, the operation process needing manpower mainly comprises dismounting and fastening the binding belt, and one point or a few points of the steel wire rope are anchored at intervals, so that the heavy process of repeatedly hanging and dismounting the ventilation hose is omitted;
(2) the service life of the ventilation equipment is greatly prolonged, the ventilation equipment cannot be scrapped when a tunnel as long as about ten kilometers is tunneled, and the ventilation equipment can be scrapped frequently by adopting the conventional discharge type ventilation mode;
(3) the construction cost of the tunnel is greatly reduced, 3-4 workers are specially equipped for ventilation construction by adopting the existing discharge type ventilation mode, and the requirement can be met by only one worker by adopting the method disclosed by the invention;
(4) the ventilation construction time of the tunnel is greatly shortened, and compared with the existing discharge type ventilation mode, the ventilation construction time can be shortened by at least 60%;
(5) can arrange the dirty air in the operation region outside the hole fast, have the ventilation efficiency height, advantage that the operational environment is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an arrangement of a ventilation system in an embodiment;
figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement of the ventilation system in the example.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are only used for understanding the principle of the present invention and the core idea thereof, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications to the invention as described herein, which do not depart from the principles of the invention, are intended to be within the scope of the claims which follow.
Examples
The present embodiment first introduces a tunnel construction ventilation system/apparatus.
The used ventilation system/equipment comprises a trolley arranged in the tunnel 1, the trolley comprises a trolley frame 14, a plurality of operating platforms 19 are arranged on two sides of the trolley, wheels 15 are arranged at the bottom of the trolley frame 14, the wheels 15 are driven by a driving system 16, and the driving system 16 is controlled by a control system 17 to realize the forward and backward movement of the trolley frame;
the top platform of the trolley is provided with a support 7, the support 7 is fixedly provided with an air duct 2, a fan 3 is fixedly arranged in the air duct 2, the fan 3 is driven by a motor 4, and the motor 4 drives the fan 3 to operate to discharge dirty air in an operation area out of a hole; a barrel body 5 is sleeved outside the air guide barrel 2, the front end of the barrel body 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air guide barrel 2, the rear end of the barrel body 5 is suspended, and a space formed by the barrel body 5 and the air guide barrel 2 is used as a cavity for axially accommodating a ventilation hose; the front end of the ventilation hose 12 is positioned in the cavity, the rear end of the ventilation hose 12 extends out of the tunnel 1, and the body of the ventilation hose 12 is hung at the arch top of the tunnel 1;
the ventilation hose 12 can be suspended in an interval suspension manner, and particularly in a safe area close to the air guide cylinder 2, suspension points are arranged as few as possible or are not arranged;
the top of the air duct 2 is provided with a steel wire rope reel 9, a steel wire rope 10 is arranged at the arch crown part of the tunnel 1 positioned at the rear part of the trolley, the front section of the steel wire rope 10 is coiled on the steel wire rope reel 9, the rear section of the steel wire rope 10 is fixed at the arch crown part of the tunnel 1, and the body part of the ventilation hose 12 can be hung on the steel wire rope 10 by adopting a hanging ring 13; in the process of moving the trolley backwards, the steel wire rope 10 is wound up by rotating the steel wire rope reel 9; in the process of advancing the trolley, the steel wire rope 10 is pulled out again;
the tail part of the air duct 2 is provided with an expansion part 6, and the maximum outer diameter of the expansion part 6 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the ventilation hose 12;
a cable reel 18 is also fixedly arranged on the trolley and used for winding and unwinding the cable; the cable reel 18 and the wire reel 9 are controlled by a control system 17. In practice, the cable reel 18 and the wire reel 9 may be hoisted.
The control system comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored on the memory and can be run on the processor, and in the running process, the processor executes the program to realize the following steps:
SS01, shutting down fan 3 according to the instruction;
SS02, controlling the trolley to move backwards according to the instruction, and controlling the steel wire rope reel 9 to rotate clockwise and controlling the cable reel 18 to rotate clockwise in the process of moving backwards;
SS03, controlling the trolley to stop moving backwards after the trolley moves backwards for a preset distance, and controlling the steel wire rope reel 9 and the cable reel 18 to stop rotating;
SS04, controlling the trolley to move forwards according to the instruction, and controlling the steel wire rope reel 9 to rotate anticlockwise and controlling the cable reel 18 to rotate anticlockwise in the process of moving the trolley forwards;
SS05, after the trolley moves forward for a preset distance, controlling the trolley to stop moving forward, and controlling the steel wire rope reel 9 and the cable reel 18 to stop rotating;
and SS06, and starting the fan 3 according to the instruction.
When the tunnel construction ventilation system/equipment in the embodiment is adopted for tunnel construction, the tunnel construction ventilation method related to the tunnel construction ventilation system/equipment comprises the following steps:
step 1, before blasting operation of tunnel 1 construction, shutting down a fan 3, removing a fastening ribbon 8, moving a mobile device to a safe area, and storing a ventilation hose 12 along the axial direction of the tunnel 1 in the moving process;
step 2, after the blasting operation is finished, moving the mobile device forwards to a construction area, and stretching the ventilation hose 12 along the axial direction of the tunnel 1 in the forward moving process until the ventilation hose is in a tensioning state; at the moment, the section of the ventilation hose is suspended through the tension force between the anchored point and the trolley;
the ventilation hose 12 is fixed on the air guide cylinder 2 by adopting a fastening bandage 8;
step 3, starting the fan 3 and exhausting air;
step 4, repeating the step 1 to the step 3;
after the tunnel is tunneled for a certain distance, under the condition of meeting the requirement of backward movement of the trolley, the steel wire rope 10 at the rear part of the air guide cylinder 2 is anchored at the arch crown part of the tunnel 1 by using a riveting part 11, and the steel wire rope 10 at the backward section of the trolley is not anchored at the arch part of the tunnel 1. This is essentially the case when the skilled person anchors the cable 10 according to the tunnel driving, either at a point after 30 meters per tunnel driving or at a point after 50 meters per tunnel driving.
By adopting the method in the embodiment, the ventilation operation process is greatly simplified, the operation is easier and simpler, the operation process needing manpower is mainly to disassemble and assemble the fastening bandage, and one point or a few points of the steel wire rope are anchored at intervals, so that the heavy process of repeatedly suspending and disassembling the ventilation hose is omitted; the service life of the ventilation equipment is greatly prolonged, the ventilation equipment cannot be scrapped when a tunnel as long as about ten kilometers is tunneled, and the ventilation equipment can be scrapped frequently by adopting the conventional discharge type ventilation mode; the construction cost of the tunnel is greatly reduced, 3-4 workers are specially equipped for ventilation construction by adopting the existing discharge type ventilation mode, and the requirement can be met by only one worker by adopting the method disclosed by the invention; the ventilation construction time of the tunnel is greatly shortened, and compared with the existing discharge type ventilation mode, the ventilation construction time can be shortened by at least 60%.
Claims (8)
1. A tunnel construction ventilation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, before blasting operation of tunnel (1) construction, shutting down a fan (3), moving a mobile device to a safe area backwards, and storing a ventilation hose (12) along the axial direction of the tunnel (1) in the moving backwards process;
step 2, after the blasting operation is finished, moving the moving device forwards to a construction area, and stretching the ventilation hose (12) along the axial direction of the tunnel (1) in the forward moving process until the ventilation hose is in a tensioning state;
step 3, starting the fan (3) and exhausting air;
step 4, repeating the step 1 to the step 3;
wherein, mobile device includes: the air guide duct (2) is fixedly arranged on a top platform of the trolley, the fan (3) is fixedly arranged in the air guide duct (2), the barrel (5) is sleeved outside the air guide duct (2), the front end of the barrel (5) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the air guide duct (2), the rear end of the barrel (5) is suspended in the air, and a space formed by the barrel (5) and the air guide duct (2) in a surrounding mode is used as a cavity for axially containing the ventilation hose;
the front end of the ventilation hose (12) is fixed in the cavity, the rear end of the ventilation hose (12) extends out of the tunnel (1), and the body of the ventilation hose (12) is hung at the arch crown part of the tunnel (1).
2. The tunnel construction ventilation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the air duct (2) is provided with a steel wire rope reel (9), a steel wire rope (10) is arranged at the arch crown part of the tunnel (1) positioned behind the trolley, the front section of the steel wire rope (10) is wound on the steel wire rope reel (9), the rear section of the steel wire rope (10) is fixed at the arch crown part of the tunnel (1), and the body part of the ventilation hose (12) is hung on the steel wire rope (10); in the process of backward movement of the trolley, the steel wire rope (10) is wound up by rotating the steel wire rope reel (9); during the forward movement of the trolley, the wire rope (10) is pulled out again.
3. The tunnel construction ventilation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: after the tunnel is tunneled for a certain distance, under the condition that the requirement of backward movement of the trolley is met, the steel wire rope (10) behind the air guide cylinder (2) is hung at the arch crown part of the tunnel (1).
4. The tunnel construction ventilation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: after the step 2 is finished, fixing the ventilation hose (12) on the air guide cylinder (2) by adopting a fastening bandage (8); before the moving device moves backwards, the fastening bandage (8) is firstly removed.
5. The tunnel construction ventilation method of claim 4, wherein: the tail part of the air duct (2) is provided with an expansion part (6), and the maximum outer diameter of the expansion part (6) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the ventilation hose (12).
6. The tunnel construction ventilation method of claim 5, wherein: a plurality of operating platforms (19) are arranged on two sides of the trolley.
7. The tunnel construction ventilation method of claim 6, wherein: the moving device also comprises a cable reel (18) fixedly arranged on the trolley.
8. The tunnel construction ventilation method of claim 7, wherein: the mobile device further comprises a control system (17) and a driving system (16) for driving the trolley to move, wherein the control system (17) is connected with the driving system (16), the control system comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the following steps:
SS01, shutting down the fan (3) according to the instruction;
SS02, controlling the trolley to move backwards according to the instruction, and controlling the steel wire rope reel (9) to rotate clockwise and the cable reel (18) to rotate clockwise in the process of moving backwards;
SS03, after the trolley moves backwards for a preset distance, the trolley is controlled to stop moving backwards, and the steel wire rope reel (9) and the cable reel (18) are controlled to stop rotating;
SS04, controlling the trolley to move forwards according to the instruction, and controlling the steel wire rope reel (9) to rotate anticlockwise and controlling the cable reel (18) to rotate anticlockwise in the process of moving the trolley forwards;
SS05, after the trolley moves forward for a preset distance, the trolley is controlled to stop moving forward, and the steel wire rope reel (9) and the cable reel (18) are controlled to stop rotating;
and SS06, and starting the fan (3) according to the instruction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010993640.2A CN112065491A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Tunnel construction ventilation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010993640.2A CN112065491A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Tunnel construction ventilation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112065491A true CN112065491A (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010993640.2A Pending CN112065491A (en) | 2020-09-21 | 2020-09-21 | Tunnel construction ventilation method |
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| CN (1) | CN112065491A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113550775A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-10-26 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Tunnel construction relay ventilation unit |
| CN113982668A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Follow-up type system and method for pumping and exhausting harmful gas in tunnel |
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| CN113982668A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-28 | 重庆交通大学 | Follow-up type system and method for pumping and exhausting harmful gas in tunnel |
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Application publication date: 20201211 |