CN112059731B - Automatic carbon brush grinding method based on servo control system - Google Patents
Automatic carbon brush grinding method based on servo control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112059731B CN112059731B CN202010881350.9A CN202010881350A CN112059731B CN 112059731 B CN112059731 B CN 112059731B CN 202010881350 A CN202010881350 A CN 202010881350A CN 112059731 B CN112059731 B CN 112059731B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/005—Control means for lapping machines or devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/27—Work carriers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/34—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon brush grinding, and particularly relates to an automatic carbon brush grinding method based on a servo control system, which is characterized in that an old carbon brush is fixed on a carbon brush frame and is connected with a contact resistance detection connecting line, a starting device automatically adjusts the height of the carbon brush frame, the contact resistance is detected, the detection adjustment is finished when the contact resistance is minimum, and the carbon brush is withdrawn after the position is recorded; taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush to be ground on the carbon brush holder, compacting the new carbon brush through the adjustable material pressing plate, and starting equipment to perform automatic grinding; in the grinding process of the new carbon brush, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and is compared with the recorded old carbon brush resistance in real time, grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets the deviation range, and the carbon brush frame feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw and finish carbon brush grinding. The automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system adopts roller grinding, is suitable for the eccentric condition of the carbon brush, and automatically measures the contact resistance of the ground carbon brush.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic carbon brush grinding method based on a servo control system. Belongs to the technical field of carbon brush grinding.
Background
Carbon brushes (brushes) are also called brushes, and are widely used in many electrical devices as a sliding contact. The carbon brush is mainly made of graphite, impregnated graphite and metal (copper and silver containing) graphite. The carbon brush device is mainly used for transmitting energy or signals between a fixed part and a rotating part of a motor or a generator or other rotary machinery, is generally made of pure carbon and a coagulant, is generally square in shape, is clamped on a metal bracket, is tightly pressed on a rotating shaft by a spring, and transmits electric energy to a coil through a phase changer when the motor rotates.
The carbon brush is used as a pivot for electric energy transmission in the motor unit, and the state of the carbon brush directly influences the normal operation of the motor unit, so that the reliability level of the whole motor system is influenced, and once the carbon brush is excessively worn, broken and the like, the carbon brush needs to be replaced immediately. In order to ensure that a uniform oxidation film can be formed on the surface of the motor unit commutator in the shortest time after the unit is restarted, so that abnormal abrasion on the surface of the motor unit commutator is reduced, the contact surface of the carbon brush and the motor unit commutator reaches the most sufficient radian anastomosis, the service life of a single carbon brush is prolonged, and the single carbon brush must be processed rapidly, efficiently and accurately before being replaced.
At present, two main processing technologies of carbon brushes are adopted, one is to adopt a grinder for manual grinding, and the other is to adopt a computer-controlled numerical control engraving machine. The manual grinding has a plurality of defects in the grinding process: firstly, the radian of a working surface of a carbon brush depends on the radius of a grinding wheel, carbon powder is extremely easy to adhere to the surface of the grinding wheel in the grinding process and is not easy to clean, the carbon powder is accumulated to cause failure of the grinding wheel, the failed grinding wheel cannot ensure the grinding precision and the smoothness of the grinding surface, and the surface process of the carbon brush cannot meet the requirements after the carbon brush is continuously processed; secondly, the number of carbon brushes which are manually ground and singly ground is extremely small, basically only one carbon brush can be machined at a time, and the grinding and wearing time is long; again, the strength and direction of grinding cannot be guaranteed in manual grinding, resulting in a low success rate of processing.
The most important of the grinding modes of the numerical control engraving machine is that a grinding cutter and a carbon brush clamp are reasonably designed, the surface accuracy requirement of the carbon brush is very high, the material and accuracy of the grinding cutter and the matching design of the contact surface of the carbon brush directly influence the surface accuracy of the carbon brush after machining, the grinding accuracy of the surface of the carbon brush can be greatly influenced by the conventional grinding cutter due to the influences of a machining path and control accuracy in numerical control driving, and the carbon brush clamp can also influence the machining accuracy of the carbon brush reliably or not, particularly, the structure of the carbon brush clamp and the fixing mode thereof have larger influence on the surface accuracy of the carbon brush when a plurality of carbon brushes to be ground are required to be simultaneously clamped for machining a plurality of carbon brushes at one time so as to improve the grinding efficiency, and the current numerical control engraving machine cannot meet the requirements. Meanwhile, peripheral equipment such as waterways, pneumatic equipment and the like are required to be arranged for machining the carbon brush by the numerical control engraving machine, so that the whole device is huge in size and is unfavorable for portable use, carbon powder is easy to generate in the carbon brush machining process, accidents are easy to occur due to short circuit of a wire inlet line of a motor along with accumulation of the carbon powder, and in addition, a computer is required to be connected and programmed in the machining process, so that the operation is quite complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic carbon brush grinding method based on a servo control system, which is used for adopting roller grinding, can adapt to the eccentric condition of a carbon brush and automatically measure the contact resistance of the ground carbon brush, and solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system comprises automatic carbon brush grinding equipment, wherein the automatic carbon brush grinding equipment comprises an equipment platform, a control system, a multifunctional grinding roller which is arranged on the equipment platform and is electrically connected with the control system, a carbon brush holder which corresponds to the multifunctional grinding roller and is electrically connected with the control system and can adjust the two-dimensional position of the multifunctional grinding roller, the carbon brush holder is provided with an old carbon brush and a plurality of new carbon brushes, the multifunctional grinding roller comprises a roller servo motor, a roller motor reducer, a motor base, a motor spacer, a motor connecting shaft sleeve and a fixed copper ring which are sequentially connected, the motor base is fixedly connected with the equipment platform, the fixed copper ring is fixed on the motor base, the fixed copper ring is not rotated along with the roller body, a deep groove ball bearing, a roller left end cover which is fixedly connected with the roller body, a roller right end cover which corresponds to the new carbon brush and is used for grinding the new carbon brush, and a roller right side bracket which is fixedly connected with the equipment platform, the fixed copper sheet of the flange, the copper sheet and the left side bracket are arranged in the roller body, the middle core shaft is arranged in the roller body, the middle of the roller body is provided with a middle copper sheet and a roller core shaft, and the middle core shaft is arranged in the roller body, and the middle core shaft is connected with one end of the roller and the right side of the roller through the roller by the left end cover and the middle through the roller. The motor connecting shaft sleeve is used for connecting the motor and the roller, so that the motor drives the mandrel to rotate, and the roller is driven to be ground. The motor is directly connected with the motor by a key, and a coupling design is adopted between the motor and the mandrel, so that the motor and the roller are connected. The function of the deep groove ball bearing is to connect and fix the bridge of the copper sheet flange barrel and the motor connecting sleeve, which can ensure that the copper sheet flange barrel is fixed to keep a testing state still while the roller rotates. The roller motor seat and the right bracket of the roller are devices for keeping the height and the level of the roller. The motor cabinet passes through fixed copper ring of threaded connection and motor, restricts the motion of copper ring and motor, and the motor cabinet has the effect of supporting the cylinder simultaneously, maintains the cylinder location jointly with cylinder right side support, and a support can be saved in the design like this, has simplified the structure, avoids the structure too complicated to cause later stage installation difficulty. The right side bracket of the roller mainly plays a supporting role, is fixed with the mandrel through a deep groove ball bearing, and the roller body comprises a grinding roller with an additional grinding material on the surface and a testing roller with an additional conductive material on the surface for grinding the new carbon brush and used for testing whether the contact resistance of the new carbon brush and the roller body meets the grinding requirement;
the method also comprises the following steps:
step one: the old carbon brush is manually fixed on an old carbon brush mounting groove in the carbon brush holder and is connected with a contact resistance detection connecting line, the starting equipment automatically adjusts the height of the carbon brush holder, the contact resistance detection is automatically carried out, the detection adjustment is finished when the contact resistance is minimum, the carbon brush holder is withdrawn after the position is recorded, and the system gives a completion prompt;
step two: taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush to be ground on the carbon brush holder, compacting the new carbon brush through the adjustable material pressing plate, and starting equipment to perform automatic grinding;
step three: in the grinding process of the new carbon brush, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and is compared with the recorded old carbon brush resistance in real time, grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets the deviation range, and the carbon brush frame feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw and finish carbon brush grinding.
The multifunctional grinding roller is characterized in that a roller protecting cover fixedly connected with the equipment platform is further arranged outside the multifunctional grinding roller, the roller protecting cover comprises a protecting cover upper shell and a protecting cover lower shell, a cover shell observation window is formed in the protecting cover upper shell, and the protecting cover lower shell comprises a roller lower protecting cover plate and a sliding table lower dust guard which are connected with each other.
The carbon brush holder comprises a carbon brush base and a clamping plate with two-dimensional positions capable of being adjusted, an old carbon brush placing groove used for placing an old carbon brush and a new carbon brush placing groove used for placing a new carbon brush are formed between the carbon brush base and the clamping plate, a new carbon brush separating block is installed between the old carbon brush placing groove and the new carbon brush placing groove, two ends of the carbon brush base are respectively provided with an adjustable material pressing plate used for fixing the old carbon brush and the new carbon brush and adjusting through adjusting bolts, an old carbon brush rubber spacer is installed on the left side, the right side, the upper side, the lower side and the rear side of the old carbon brush, and a new carbon brush rubber spacer is installed on the left side, the right side, the upper side, the lower side and the rear side of the new carbon brush.
The carbon brush holder is realized adjusting the two-dimensional position of the carbon brush holder through a fork-shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system, and the fork-shear type lifting mechanism and the feeding system comprise a fork-shear type lifting mechanism which is used for adjusting the upper and lower positions of the carbon brush holder and consists of a clamping plate and a lower cover plate, and a carbon brush holder feeding system which is used for adjusting the front and rear positions of the carbon brush holder and is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate.
The fork shear type lifting mechanism comprises a fork shear mechanism motor, a fork shear mechanism motor coupler, a fork shear mechanism motor seat, a screw rod nut, a nut moving table and a screw rod supporting seat which are sequentially connected from left to right, wherein an upper rotating shaft seat is arranged above the nut moving table, a left upper sliding block, a left upper sliding rail, a right upper sliding block and a right upper sliding rail are arranged above the upper rotating shaft seat, a left lower sliding block, a left lower sliding rail, a right lower sliding block and a right lower sliding rail are arranged below the nut moving table, the left side of the nut moving table is connected with a left inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the left side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the right side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a right outer angle rod which is movably connected with the right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the left inner angle rod is movably connected with a left upper double-lug seat through a connecting piece, the left outer angle rod is movably connected with a right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, and the left inner angle rod is movably connected with a left inner angle rod through a left lower lug seat and a right lower lug seat.
The control system comprises a monitoring computer placed on one side of the multifunctional grinding roller, a power supply assembly placed below the equipment platform, a motor controller and a PLC control system, wherein the motor controller and the PLC control system are correspondingly arranged with the multifunctional grinding roller, the fork-shear type lifting mechanism and the motor of the feeding system, a carbon powder collector is further installed below the equipment platform, and the carbon powder collector is mutually connected with a dust-proof plate below the sliding table.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system adopts roller grinding, can adapt to the eccentric condition of the carbon brush, can automatically measure the contact resistance of the well-ground carbon brush, and is characterized in that in the grinding process, the system judges the pressure of the carbon brush on the roller based on the servo current of the feeding mechanism, so that the pressure balance in the grinding process is ensured, and in the detection of the conductive resistance of the carbon brush, the feeding mechanism is used for tightly attaching the carbon brush to the detection surface of the roller based on the pressure manually set in the earlier stage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a multifunctional grinding roller in an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a multifunctional grinding roller in an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a carbon brush holder in an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fork-shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system in the automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is an exploded view of a fork-shear type lifting mechanism in an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fork-shear type lifting mechanism in an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an equipment platform in an automatic carbon brush grinding device according to the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-multifunctional grinding roller; 2-fork-shear type lifting mechanism and feeding system; 3-a control system; 4-a protective cover upper shell; 5-a left handle of the housing; 6-a housing viewing window; 7-a right handle of the housing; 8-a left adjusting knob of a cover shell observation window; 9-a right adjusting knob of the cover shell observation window; 10-a roller motor base; 11-a roller body; 12-fixing a copper ring; 13-a lower shield plate of the roller; 14-a dust guard under the slipway; 15-a roller servo motor; 16-a roller motor reducer; 17-motor spacer; 18-a motor connecting shaft sleeve; 19-flange barrel copper sheets; 20-a left copper sheet fixed flange barrel; 21-deep groove ball bearings; 22-left end cap of roller; 23-roller pressing strips; 25-a roller middle mandrel; 26-a right end cap of the roller; 27-a roller right side bracket; 28-a motor protection cover of a fork shearing mechanism; 29-a cross shearing mechanism protection plate; 30-a cross shearing mechanism motor; 31-a motor coupler of a cross shearing mechanism; 32-a motor base of a cross shearing mechanism; 33-screw; 34-a screw nut; 35-plugging a screw; 36-left lower binaural seat; 37-left side outside angle lever; 38-a fork-shear type lifting mechanism; 39-carbon brush holder feed system; 40-an equipment platform; 41-left inner angle bar; 42-left upper binaural seat; 43-nut moving stage; 44-upper rotating shaft seat; 45-left upper slide block; 46-upper slider on right side; 48-left side upper slide rail; 49-right side upper slide rail; 50-left lower slide block; 51-right lower slider; 52-left lower slide rail; 53-right lower slide rail; 54-a lower cover plate; 55-lower right binaural seat; 57-right inner angle bar; 58-right outer angle bar; 62-upper binaural seat on right; 63-a screw support; 64-new carbon brush insulation spacer; 65-old carbon brush insulation spacer; 66-clamping plates; 67-an old carbon brush upper pressing plate; 68-a new carbon brush upper pressing plate; 69-old carbon brush; 70-a new carbon brush separation block and an old carbon brush separation block; 71-a new carbon brush; 72-carbon brush base; 74-monitoring a computer; 75-adjustable material pressing plate.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings. The description of these embodiments is provided to assist understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Referring to a perspective view of a carbon brush automatic grinding method based on a servo control system shown in fig. 1, a carbon brush automatic grinding method based on a servo control system comprises a carbon brush automatic grinding device, which comprises a device platform 40 (the device platform 40 comprises an upper cover, handles are arranged on two sides, two persons can lift, rollers are arranged on the bottom, and the device can be pushed, so that the operation is convenient for operators), a control system 3, a multifunctional grinding roller 1 arranged on the device platform 40, and a carbon brush holder which corresponds to the multifunctional grinding roller 1 and can adjust the two-dimensional position of the multifunctional grinding roller 1, wherein the carbon brush holder is provided with an old carbon brush 69 and a plurality of new carbon brushes 71, the multifunctional grinding roller 1 comprises a roller servo motor 15 (a driving system of the roller adopts a 60 Siemens SIMOTICSS-1FL6 low inertia motor, the cylinder servo motor 15 can control the speed and position accuracy very accurately, can convert voltage signals into torque and rotating speed to drive a control object, the rotating speed of a rotor of the servo motor is controlled by input signals and can react quickly, is used as an executing element in an automatic control system, has the characteristics of small electromechanical time constant, high linearity, starting voltage and the like, can convert received electric signals into angular displacement or angular speed output on a motor shaft, has strong overload capacity, and is provided with a cylinder motor base 10, a fixed copper ring 12 which is fixed on the cylinder motor base 10 and corresponds to the old carbon brush 69 (fixed on the cylinder motor base 10 through four threaded holes on the upper, lower, left and right sides, not to rotate with the drum body 11. The main function of the device is to find a position with the largest contact area by measuring the resistance of the fixed copper ring 12 and the old carbon brush 69, grinding the new carbon brush 71 at the position), and grinding the roller body 11 (copper conductive material is adopted on part of the surface of the roller body 11, aluminum alloy material is selected for the roller body 11, and the device is light in weight and easy to hollow out for processing so as to reduce the weight) corresponding to the new carbon brush 71 and used for grinding the new carbon brush 71. The roller is divided into two parts according to the proportion of 1:2, and the separating positions are grooved (60-degree bevel angle is adopted on the side surface of the roller groove in order to avoid scratch on the carbon brush in the grinding process). Wherein 1/3 of the roller body 11 is a test roller, the roller body 11 is externally fixed with a copper sheet for testing whether the resistance between the new carbon brush 71 and the roller body 11 meets the grinding requirement, and the test roller is fixed by drilling a threaded hole at the bottom of a groove of the roller. 1/3 of the rest roller is a grinding roller, the roller is externally stuck with sand paper for grinding, and because the sand paper needs to be replaced, the sand paper is fixed by a roller pressing bar 23 at a roller groove, the roller body 11 comprises a grinding roller with grinding materials added on the surface and grinding the new carbon brush 71 and a test roller with conductive materials added on the surface and used for testing whether the contact resistance of the new carbon brush 71 and the roller body 11 meets the grinding requirement;
the method also comprises the following steps:
step one: the old carbon brush 69 is manually fixed on an old carbon brush mounting groove in the carbon brush holder and is connected with a contact resistance detection connecting line, the starting equipment automatically adjusts the height of the carbon brush holder, the contact resistance detection is automatically carried out, the detection adjustment is finished when the contact resistance is minimum, the carbon brush holder is withdrawn after the position is recorded, and the system gives a completion prompt;
step two: taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush 71 to be ground on the carbon brush holder, compacting the new carbon brush 71 by the adjustable material pressing plate 75, and starting equipment to perform automatic grinding;
step three: in the grinding process of the new carbon brush 71, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and compared with the recorded resistance of the old carbon brush 69 in real time, the grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets the deviation range, and the carbon brush frame feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw, so that the carbon brush grinding is completed. Measuring the contact resistance of the carbon brush is a guarantee for checking the grinding quality. Measurement principle: the current flows through the new carbon brush 71 to the testing roller, the roller is not led out, the current flows back from the other new carbon brush 71, and the voltage between the new carbon brush 71 and the testing roller is measured so as to calculate the contact resistance, and the contact resistance is displayed on the liquid crystal screen. The pressure of the carbon brush is indirectly controlled by the current of the servo motor. The scheme has the advantages of simple structure and convenient measurement, and has the defect that the contact resistance of each carbon brush cannot be measured independently, but the consistency of the grinding contact resistance quality can be ensured due to firm holding. In the grinding process, small current is adopted to detect the change of contact resistance, a threshold value is set, and the grinding stop time is automatically judged. This method requires statistics from multiple measurements to obtain a good threshold. Since contact resistance is affected by a number of factors, it is also necessary to combine the minimum amount of abrasion to make a comprehensive judgment. That is, before detecting the contact resistance, the carbon brush needs to be ground for a certain length, so that a complete cambered surface is ensured.
Referring to fig. 3-4, the multifunctional grinding roller 1 comprises a roller servo motor 15, a roller motor reducer 16, a roller motor base 10, a motor spacer 17 and a motor connecting shaft sleeve 18 which are sequentially connected from left to right, wherein the roller motor base 10, the motor spacer 17 and the motor connecting shaft sleeve 18 are fixedly connected with a device platform 40 (are used for connecting the motor and the roller, and the motor drives a roller middle mandrel 25 to rotate so as to drive the roller to grind, the motor is directly connected with the motor by a key, a coupling design is adopted between the motor and the roller middle mandrel 25, thereby playing the role of connecting the motor and the roller), a fixed copper ring 12, a deep groove ball bearing 21 and a roller left end cover 22, wherein the fixed copper ring 12 and the deep groove ball bearing 21 are fixed on the roller motor base 10, correspond to the old carbon brush 69 and do not rotate along with the roller body 11, and the roller left end cover 22 is fixedly connected with the roller body 11 (two end covers are shared on two sides of the roller body 11, the end cover and the roller body 11 are fixedly connected by six bolts, the left end cover 22 of the roller is provided with a countersunk hole and a threaded hole at one side close to the motor for fixing the middle mandrel 25 of the roller to drive the roller to rotate, the right end cover 26 of the roller is provided with a through hole for the middle mandrel 25 of the roller to directly pass through, the roller body 11 corresponding to the new carbon brush 71 and used for grinding the new carbon brush 71, the right end cover 26 of the roller fixedly connected with the roller body 11 and the right bracket 27 of the roller fixedly connected with the equipment platform 40, the fixed copper ring 12 comprises a flange barrel copper sheet 19 and a left copper sheet fixed flange barrel 20, the roller body 11 is internally provided with the middle mandrel 25 (the flange plate is arranged at the side close to the motor of the mandrel for fixing the mandrel and the roller to drive the roller to move to finish grinding work, the mandrel is a simple shaft at the position close to the fixed bracket and is connected with the fixed bracket by a bearing, two round nuts are used between the bearing and the fixed support to ensure the accurate distance between the roller and the support. ) One end of the roller middle mandrel 25 is connected with the roller left end cover 22 and driven by the roller servo motor 15 to move, and the opposite end penetrates through the roller right end cover 26 and is connected with the roller right bracket 27. The drum motor base 10 and the drum right bracket 27 are means for maintaining the drum height and level. The fixed copper ring 12 of cylinder motor cabinet 10 passes through bolted connection and motor, restricts the motion of copper ring and motor, and cylinder motor cabinet 10 still has the effect of supporting the cylinder simultaneously, maintains the cylinder location jointly with cylinder right side support 27, and a support can be saved in the design like this, has simplified the structure, avoids the structure too complicated to cause later stage installation process difficulty. The right side bracket 27 of the drum mainly plays a supporting role.
Referring to fig. 5, the carbon brush holder includes a carbon brush base 72 and an upper cover plate 66, an old carbon brush mounting groove for mounting an old carbon brush 69 and a new carbon brush 2 mounting groove for mounting a new carbon brush 71 are formed between the carbon brush base 72 and the upper cover plate 66 (preferably, eight new carbon brushes 71 to be ground are mounted on the left side, one old carbon brush 69 for finding an optimal grinding position is mounted on the right side, a new carbon brush spacer block 70 is mounted between the old carbon brush mounting groove and the new carbon brush mounting groove, a new carbon brush upper pressure plate 68 and an old carbon brush upper pressure plate 67 are mounted above the old carbon brush mounting groove and the new carbon brush mounting groove, an adjustable material pressure plate 75 for fixing the old carbon brush 69 and the new carbon brush 71 and adjusting the same by adjusting bolts is mounted at both ends of the carbon brush base 72 (the adjustable material pressure plate 75 is mainly used for fixing carbon brushes, so as to prevent machining errors caused by clamping errors of the old carbon brushes), and old carbon brush insulation spacers 65 are mounted on the left side, the right side, the upper side and the lower side of the old carbon brush 69. An insulating spacer (rubber spacer) is adopted, so that the clamp can be prevented from scratching the surface of the carbon brush on one hand; meanwhile, the carbon brush can be fixed by utilizing high friction and compressibility of rubber, so that machining errors caused by sliding of the carbon brush in the machining process are prevented. The carbon brush holder is adjusted to two-dimensional positions by a fork-shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system 2, and the fork-shear type lifting mechanism and the feeding system 2 comprise a fork-shear type lifting mechanism 38 which is used for adjusting the upper and lower positions of the carbon brush holder and consists of an upper cover plate 66 and a lower cover plate 54, and a carbon brush holder feeding system 39 which is used for adjusting the front and rear positions of the carbon brush holder and is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate 54 (preferably, when carbon brushes are ground and contact resistance is measured, a relatively stable radial force is required to be given to the carbon brushes to enable the carbon brushes to be in good contact with a roller, a servo motor is used for driving a screw sliding table (the carbon brush holder feeding system 39) so that the sliding table drives the carbon brush holder to move forwards and backwards, and the scheme is flexible and convenient, and has the defect of increasing complexity and weight of the system. The fork shear type lifting mechanism and the feeding system 2 drive the carbon brush holder to move up and down through a motor 30 of the fork shear mechanism, so that the center of a carbon brush deviates from the center of a roller, and the motor is a Siemens SIMOTICSS-1FL6 low inertia motor, pn=0.4 kW, a 2500-wire incremental encoder and a band-type brake. The driver adopts a matched SINAMICSV90200V driver. A fixed copper ring 12 is coaxially arranged on the left side of the roller and is the same as the roller in diameter, the width of the copper ring is larger than the width of the contact surface of the old carbon brush 69, and a certain margin is reserved for measuring the contact resistance of the old carbon brush 69. The servo motor automatically adjusts the height of the carbon brush frame up and down through program setting, and meanwhile, the feeding servo motor is matched with and maintains a certain pressure between the old carbon brush 69 and the fixed copper ring 12, the pressure is calculated by the current of the servo motor, and the pressure is displayed on a man-machine interface after calibration. When the contact resistance between the old carbon brush 69 and the fixed copper ring 12 is minimum, the system automatically locks the height as the eccentric position of carbon brush grinding.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the fork-shear type lifting mechanism 3838 comprises a fork-shear motor 30, a fork-shear motor coupler 31, a fork-shear motor base 30, a screw 33, a screw nut 34, a nut moving table 43 and a screw support 63 which are sequentially connected from left to right, an upper rotating shaft base 44 is mounted above the nut moving table 43, a left upper slide 45, a left upper slide rail 48, a right upper slide 46 and a right upper slide rail 49 are mounted above the upper rotating shaft base 44, a left lower slide 50, a left lower slide rail 52, a right lower slide 51 and a right lower slide rail 53 are mounted below the nut moving table 43, a left inner angle rod 41 is connected to the left side of the nut moving table 43 through a connecting piece, a left outer angle rod 37 movably connected to the left inner angle rod 41 through a connecting piece, a right inner angle rod 57 is connected to the right side of the right moving table 43 through a connecting piece, a left inner angle rod 57 is connected to the right outer angle rod 37 through a connecting piece, and a left inner angle rod 58 is movably connected to the right inner angle rod 37 through a left inner angle rod 58 and a right inner angle rod 58 through a connecting piece, and a left inner angle rod 57 is movably connected to the right inner angle rod 37 through a left inner angle rod 58. The connecting piece comprises, but is not limited to, a rivet, a pin shaft, a screw, a latin and the like, and is used for fastening the two components and simultaneously enabling the connecting piece and the connected piece to do relative movement within a local range. In this embodiment, the coupling is a jack screw 35. The fork shearing mechanism motor 30 and the fork shearing mechanism motor seat 30 are provided with a fork shearing mechanism protection plate 29, the fork shearing mechanism motor 30 is provided with a fork shearing mechanism motor protection cover 28, the fork shearing mechanism protection plate 29 is connected with a lower cover plate 54, and the left side upper slide rail 48 and the right side upper slide rail 49 are fixedly connected with an upper cover plate 66. When the carbon brush holder feeding system 39 works, as the screw rod sliding table in the carbon brush holder feeding system 39 is connected with the lower cover plate 54, the carbon brush holder feeding system servo motor drives the lower cover plate 54 and the carbon brush holder to move back and forth so as to adjust the front and back positions of the carbon brush holder, and when the fork shear type lifting mechanism 38 works, the fork shear mechanism motor moves so as to drive the height of the fork shear type lifting mechanism 38 to be widened from small to large, and the relative positions of the left lower double-lug seat 36, the left upper double-lug seat 42, the right upper double-lug seat 62 and the right lower double-lug seat 55 are adjusted so as to drive the upper cover plate 66 to move high and low, and as the upper cover plate 66 is connected with the carbon brush holder, the carbon brush holder is driven to move high and low (up and down positions).
The multifunctional grinding roller 1 is externally provided with a roller protection cover fixedly connected with the equipment platform 40, the roller protection cover comprises a protection cover upper shell 4 and a protection cover lower shell, the protection cover upper shell 4 is provided with a cover shell observation window 6, and the protection cover lower shell comprises a roller lower protection cover plate 13 and a sliding table lower dust guard 14 which are mutually connected. The upper shell 4 of the protective cover mainly prevents the abrasive dust generated by grinding from splashing to influence the normal operation of other equipment. The lower shell is a funnel and a dust collector which are used for guiding generated abrasive dust and guiding the abrasive dust to flow downwards. The main function of the housing viewing window 6 is to observe the extent to which grinding is performed, whether it meets the machining requirements and whether the initial grinding position is accurate. The side edge of the upper shell 4 of the protective cover is provided with a left cover handle 5, a right cover handle 7, a left cover observation window adjusting knob 8 and a right cover observation window adjusting knob 9.
Referring to fig. 9, the control system 3 includes a monitor computer 74 (a 6.5 inch embedded tablet pc PPC-3060S is disposed on one side of the equipment platform 40, integrated with the equipment platform 40, and flexible in function) disposed on one side of the multifunctional grinding drum 1, a power supply assembly disposed below the equipment platform 40, a motor controller and a PLC control system disposed corresponding to the drum servo motor 15 and the cross shearing mechanism motor 30, and a toner collector further mounted below the equipment platform 40 and connected to the lower dust guard 14 of the sliding table. The current source adopts a Dahua power supply 1799_6V@180A, the power supply is 423mm wide and 433mm deep, the current source is placed in a box body at the lower part of the equipment platform 40, the current source is placed together with a frequency converter, a PLC and other electric controls, the current setting and the like are operated through a computer, and the controller keeps vertical layout in layout, namely, the controller of the corresponding motor right below the motor. The PLC is reasonably arranged according to the residual space.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and yet fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A carbon brush automatic grinding method based on a servo control system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the automatic carbon brush grinding device comprises a device platform, a control system, a multifunctional grinding roller, a roller right end cover and a roller right bracket, wherein the multifunctional grinding roller is arranged on the device platform and is electrically connected with the control system, the roller right end cover corresponds to the multifunctional grinding roller and is electrically connected with the control system, the two-dimensional position of the roller right end cover can be adjusted, the carbon brush is provided with an old carbon brush and a plurality of new carbon brushes, the multifunctional grinding roller comprises a roller servo motor, a roller motor reducer, a motor seat, a motor spacer sleeve, a motor connecting shaft sleeve, a fixed copper ring, a deep groove ball bearing, a roller right end cover and a roller right bracket, the roller servo motor is sequentially connected, the fixed copper ring corresponds to the old carbon brush and does not rotate along with a roller body, the roller left end cover is fixedly connected with the roller body, the roller right end cover corresponds to the new carbon brush and is used for grinding the roller body, the roller right end cover is fixedly connected with the roller right side of the roller body, the fixed copper ring comprises a flange barrel copper sheet and a left copper sheet fixed flange barrel, a roller middle mandrel is arranged in the roller body, one end of the roller middle mandrel is connected with one end of the roller middle mandrel, the roller body is connected with the left end cover and is used for connecting the left end cover and the roller body and is used for connecting a grinding material and is used for grinding the surface of a grinding material to be in contact with the grinding test and a surface of the roller, and the surface of the new end cover is used for grinding the surface is in contact with the grinding material and has the end cover and a contact with the grinding material;
the method also comprises the following steps:
step one: the old carbon brush is manually fixed on an old carbon brush mounting groove in the carbon brush holder and is connected with a contact resistance detection connecting line, the starting equipment automatically adjusts the height of the carbon brush holder, the contact resistance detection is automatically carried out, the detection adjustment is finished when the contact resistance is minimum, the carbon brush holder is withdrawn after the position is recorded, and the system gives a completion prompt;
step two: taking down the old carbon brush, fixing the new carbon brush to be ground on the carbon brush holder, compacting the new carbon brush through the adjustable material pressing plate, and starting equipment to perform automatic grinding;
step three: in the grinding process of the new carbon brush, the contact resistance of the carbon brush is automatically detected according to a set detection rule and is compared with the recorded old carbon brush resistance in real time, grinding is stopped when the resistance value meets the deviation range, and the carbon brush frame feeding system drives the fork-shear type lifting mechanism to withdraw and finish carbon brush grinding.
2. The automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system according to claim 1, wherein: the multifunctional grinding roller is characterized in that a roller protecting cover fixedly connected with the equipment platform is further arranged outside the multifunctional grinding roller, the roller protecting cover comprises a protecting cover upper shell and a protecting cover lower shell, a cover shell observation window is formed in the protecting cover upper shell, and the protecting cover lower shell comprises a roller lower protecting cover plate and a sliding table lower dust guard which are connected with each other.
3. The automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the carbon brush holder comprises a carbon brush base and a clamping plate with two-dimensional positions capable of being adjusted, an old carbon brush placing groove used for placing an old carbon brush and a new carbon brush placing groove used for placing a new carbon brush are formed between the carbon brush base and the clamping plate, a new carbon brush separating block is installed between the old carbon brush placing groove and the new carbon brush placing groove, two ends of the carbon brush base are respectively provided with an adjustable material pressing plate used for fixing the old carbon brush and the new carbon brush and adjusting through adjusting bolts, an old carbon brush rubber spacer is installed on the left side, the right side, the upper side, the lower side and the rear side of the old carbon brush, and a new carbon brush rubber spacer is installed on the left side, the right side, the upper side, the lower side and the rear side of the new carbon brush.
4. The automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the carbon brush holder is realized adjusting the two-dimensional position of the carbon brush holder through a fork-shear type lifting mechanism and a feeding system, and the fork-shear type lifting mechanism and the feeding system comprise a fork-shear type lifting mechanism which is used for adjusting the upper and lower positions of the carbon brush holder and consists of a clamping plate and a lower cover plate, and a carbon brush holder feeding system which is used for adjusting the front and rear positions of the carbon brush holder and is fixedly connected with the lower cover plate.
5. The automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system according to claim 4, wherein: the fork shear type lifting mechanism comprises a fork shear mechanism motor, a fork shear mechanism motor coupler, a fork shear mechanism motor seat, a screw rod nut, a nut moving table and a screw rod supporting seat which are sequentially connected from left to right, wherein an upper rotating shaft seat is arranged above the nut moving table, a left upper sliding block, a left upper sliding rail, a right upper sliding block and a right upper sliding rail are arranged above the upper rotating shaft seat, a left lower sliding block, a left lower sliding rail, a right lower sliding block and a right lower sliding rail are arranged below the nut moving table, the left side of the nut moving table is connected with a left inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the left side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the right side of the upper rotating shaft seat is connected with a right outer angle rod which is movably connected with the right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, the left inner angle rod is movably connected with a left upper double-lug seat through a connecting piece, the left outer angle rod is movably connected with a right inner angle rod through a connecting piece, and the left inner angle rod is movably connected with a left inner angle rod through a left lower lug seat and a right lower lug seat.
6. The automatic carbon brush grinding method based on the servo control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the control system comprises a monitoring computer placed on one side of the multifunctional grinding roller, a power supply assembly placed below the equipment platform, a motor controller and a PLC control system, wherein the motor controller and the PLC control system are correspondingly arranged with the multifunctional grinding roller, the fork-shear type lifting mechanism and the motor of the feeding system, a carbon powder collector is further installed below the equipment platform, and the carbon powder collector is connected with a dust-proof plate below the sliding table.
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| CN202010881350.9A CN112059731B (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Automatic carbon brush grinding method based on servo control system |
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| CN202010881350.9A CN112059731B (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Automatic carbon brush grinding method based on servo control system |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB822890A (en) * | 1957-05-29 | 1959-11-04 | Gaston Botte | Improvements in machine for shaping the rectilinear edge faces of glass sheets by means of a cylindrical grinding drum |
| CN107914210A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-17 | 武汉华海通用电气有限公司 | A kind of carbon brush curved surface grinds numerically-controlled machine tool |
| CN108381374A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-10 | 郭春军 | Diesel locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush grinding device and its application method |
| CN209868227U (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-12-31 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Carbon brush radian grinding device |
| CN211277837U (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-08-18 | 河南心连心化学工业集团股份有限公司 | Grinding tool for carbon brush of generator |
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2020
- 2020-08-27 CN CN202010881350.9A patent/CN112059731B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB822890A (en) * | 1957-05-29 | 1959-11-04 | Gaston Botte | Improvements in machine for shaping the rectilinear edge faces of glass sheets by means of a cylindrical grinding drum |
| CN107914210A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-17 | 武汉华海通用电气有限公司 | A kind of carbon brush curved surface grinds numerically-controlled machine tool |
| CN108381374A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-10 | 郭春军 | Diesel locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush grinding device and its application method |
| CN209868227U (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-12-31 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Carbon brush radian grinding device |
| CN211277837U (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-08-18 | 河南心连心化学工业集团股份有限公司 | Grinding tool for carbon brush of generator |
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