CN112052122A - Linux system based backup and recovery system and method - Google Patents
Linux system based backup and recovery system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112052122A CN112052122A CN202010936304.4A CN202010936304A CN112052122A CN 112052122 A CN112052122 A CN 112052122A CN 202010936304 A CN202010936304 A CN 202010936304A CN 112052122 A CN112052122 A CN 112052122A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1417—Boot up procedures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1435—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level using file system or storage system metadata
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1438—Restarting or rejuvenating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1441—Resetting or repowering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1448—Management of the data involved in backup or backup restore
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1458—Management of the backup or restore process
- G06F11/1469—Backup restoration techniques
Abstract
The invention discloses a Linux system based backup and recovery system, which comprises industrial personal computer equipment, a short-circuit cap and a recovery button; the storage area of the industrial personal computer equipment comprises a main partition and a backup partition; the method comprises the steps that the existing Linux system is operated in a main partition, a backup partition stores a backup Linux system, and the backup Linux system comprises a main boot record, a partition table and directory files in the Linux system operated in the main partition; the short-circuit cap is used for adjusting the on-off relation of different electric signals on the industrial personal computer equipment so as to adjust the working state of the industrial personal computer equipment; the recovery button is installed on a mainboard of the industrial personal computer equipment; the short connection cap jumps to the recovery button to enable the industrial personal computer to be in a mirror image recovery state; otherwise, the industrial personal computer is in a normal working state. The invention also discloses a method for backing up and recovering the system based on Linux. The Linux system backup and recovery scheme can effectively reduce the maintenance difficulty and the operation and maintenance workload of operation and maintenance personnel, is simple and convenient, and has popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of information, and particularly relates to a system and a method for backing up and recovering a Linux system.
Background
With the continuous development of the industry, the industrial personal computer with the Linux as the system is specially designed for the industrial field, and has the characteristics of stable system, high performance, low cost and the like when dealing with various severe use scenes, so that industrial automation based on the industrial personal computer is becoming the mainstream of the market, and the application scenes of the industrial personal computer are continuously widened. Meanwhile, under the dual driving of industrial transformation on automation requirements and market patterns, industrial personal computers can be expected to develop larger market potential.
When the industrial personal computer adopting the Linux system is actually operated, the system is recovered mainly by means of an OTG (on the go) port or a USB (universal serial bus) flash disk in a flashing mode when the system is damaged due to power failure, file loss, virus and other problems.
At present, the recovery system is recovered by adopting an OTG port or a connecting U disk through a machine brushing mode, so that the system has a plurality of inconveniences and has higher requirements on operation and maintenance personnel. To brushing machine recovery system mode through the OTG mouth, need use the computer to add the OTG line and be connected to industrial control equipment, then press special button or other modes with equipment entering brushing machine mode rear can brush the machine. The method is inconvenient for field maintenance personnel to operate, firstly, the upgrade image system file is downloaded, then the computer and the OTG are carried to the equipment field, and the equipment field is possibly severe in condition and is not suitable for the personnel to upgrade by flashing on the site for a long time. And for another mode of restoring the system through the USB flash disk, certain requirements are placed on the integrity of the system, the system can still be operated and can enter the system to be refreshed, but if the system is intact and enters the system normally, the problem that the system needs to be reinstalled does not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention discloses a system and a method for backup and recovery based on a Linux system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a system based on Linux system backup and recovery comprises an industrial personal computer device, a short-circuit cap and a recovery button; the storage area of the industrial personal computer device comprises a main partition and a backup partition. The main partition runs the existing Linux system, the backup partition stores the backup Linux system, and the backup Linux system comprises a main boot record, a partition table and directory files in the Linux system running in the main partition.
The short-circuit cap is used for adjusting the on-off relation of different electric signals on the industrial personal computer equipment so as to adjust the working state of the industrial personal computer equipment;
the recovery button is installed on a mainboard of the industrial personal computer equipment; the short connection cap jumps to the recovery button to enable the industrial personal computer to be in a mirror image recovery state; otherwise, the industrial personal computer is in a normal working state.
Further, the directory file in the Linux system running in the main partition comprises:
the system starts a directory boot, and saves files related to system start, such as a kernel file, a boot program starting file and the like;
a configuration file storage position etc, wherein all configuration files of all services adopting a default installation mode (RPM installation) in the system are stored in the directory, such as user accounts and passwords, service start scripts, configuration files of common services and the like;
the home directory of the common user, when establishing each user, each user needs to have a default login position, and the position is the home directory of the user;
the super user's main directory root, the ordinary user's main directory is/home/down, the super user's main directory is directly under the root directory/down;
a system software resource directory usr (abbreviation of unix software resource) is a directory for storing system software resources, and most of software installed in the system is stored in the directory;
and the dynamic data storage position var mainly stores a cache, a log and a file generated by software operation.
Further, the recovery button comprises two jump pins; when the short connection cap jumps to two jumper pins of the recovery button, the short connection cap is in a connection state, current passes through the short connection cap, and the industrial personal computer is in a recovery mirror image state; otherwise, when the jumper cap is not buckled, the connection is disconnected, and the industrial personal computer is in a normal working state.
Further, the backup is mainly operated by the backup tool dd (device driver). The backup tool dd is a "carrier in the Linux world" and is used to read the contents of the device and the file and copy the contents to a designated location as they are. If the data is not compressed, the whole disk backup is carried out, so that a large backup space is needed, and the backup cost is increased. This is a low performance manifestation for the backup scenario. When the system is backed up by using the backup tool dd, the data compression processing is performed by using a gzip or bzip2 compression algorithm, so that the use amount of disk space can be greatly reduced, and the backup cost is reduced.
Furthermore, under the condition that the hard disk capacity of the industrial control equipment is limited, the system can be considered to be backed up on the SD card, so that the purpose of saving the disk space is achieved. The read-write speed of the SD card under this method is not as good as that of the Flash medium, the read-write speed of the system recovery is slightly slower, and the service life of the SD card is reduced.
The invention discloses a Linux system based backup method, which comprises the following steps: using a backup tool dd to backup the existing Linux system operated by the main partition to the backup partition, wherein the backup Linux system comprises a main boot record, a partition table and a directory file in the Linux system operated by the main partition; when the system is backed up, the data compression processing is carried out by using a gzip or bzip2 compression algorithm.
The invention also discloses a method for recovering based on the Linux system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, when the main partition has problems such as file loss, incapability of starting or virus or the like, and the running existing Linux system cannot be started, inserting the short-circuit cap into a recovery button, powering on and starting up, and enabling the industrial personal computer equipment to enter a recovery mirror state;
and S2, the industrial personal computer device restores the main guide record and the partition table in the backup partition and the directory file in the Linux system operated by the main partition to cover the files in the main partition so as to achieve the purpose of restoring and reinstalling the system.
After the step of S1 is completed, the method further includes the following steps: s11, loading BIOS hardware and performing self-detection when the industrial personal computer equipment is powered on every time, normally guiding a system in the main partition when the recovery button is not short-circuited, and logging in a Linix system after BIOS self-detection, guiding a loading program, loading a kernel, executing an init process and performing the init process; when the short circuit of the recovery button is detected, entering a recovery mirror state; the UI prompts the recovery system to explain the recovery process.
The step of S2 specifically includes the following steps: and reading the boot file of the backup partition, and enabling a Linux DD command to restore the system in the backup partition to the main partition. And after the system is recovered, the industrial personal computer restarts and normally guides the main partition system.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the Linux system backup and recovery scheme can effectively reduce the maintenance difficulty and the operation and maintenance workload of operation and maintenance personnel, is simple and convenient, and has popularization. According to the scheme, the main partition and the standby partition are isolated in a mode of dividing the equipment into two partitions. When the main partition has system problems of file damage, file loss and the like and cannot be started, the mirror image files in the backup partition can be simply restored to the main partition through the short-circuit restoration button so as to achieve the aim of restoring and reinstalling the system. This scheme is easy and simple to handle, the cost time is short, the suitability is strong, need not the fortune dimension personnel and carries extra equipment, has alleviateed fortune dimension personnel's work load greatly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system framework diagram of the Linux-based system backup and restore according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a Linux-based system backup and restore method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein each block frame is shown in fig. 1.
In the Linux-based system backup and restoration system, the storage area 2 of the industrial personal computer device 1 is composed of a main partition 3 and a backup partition 4, the main partition 3 runs the existing Linux system, and the backup partition 4 compresses and stores a backup Linux system which comprises a main boot record and a partition table, and files boot, etc., home, root, user, var, etc. in a host Linux system partition. The description of the system file is as follows:
the system starts a directory boot, and saves files related to system start, such as a kernel file, a boot program starting file and the like;
a configuration file storage position etc, wherein all configuration files of all services adopting a default installation mode (RPM installation) in the system are stored in the directory, such as user accounts and passwords, service start scripts, configuration files of common services and the like;
the home directory of the common user, when establishing each user, each user needs to have a default login position, and the position is the home directory of the user;
the super user's main directory root, the ordinary user's main directory is/home/down, the super user's main directory is directly under the root directory/down;
a system software resource directory usr (abbreviation of unix software resource) is a directory for storing system software resources, and most of software installed in the system is stored in the directory;
and the dynamic data storage position var mainly stores a cache, a log and a file generated by software operation.
The short-circuit cap 5 is a small switch for controlling the current flowing on the circuit board, and is a movable component, and the function of the short-circuit cap is to adjust the on-off relationship of different electric signals on the device and accordingly adjust the working state of the device. The shorting cap 5 used in the present invention is a movable part with an outer layer of insulating plastic and an inner layer of conductive material.
The recovery button is a part of the industrial personal computer equipment 1, and the industrial personal computer mainboard is composed of two jumper pins. When the short connection cap 5 jumps to two jumper pins of the recovery button, the short connection cap is in a connection state, current passes through the short connection cap, and the industrial personal computer is in a recovery mirror image state; otherwise, when the jumper cap is not buckled, the connection is disconnected, and the industrial personal computer is in a normal working state.
The backup is mainly operated by the backup tool dd (device driver). The backup tool dd is a "carrier in the Linux world" and is used to read the contents of the device and the file and copy the contents to a designated location as they are. And if the data is not compressed, the whole disk backup is carried out, so that a large backup space is needed, and the backup cost is increased. This is a low performance manifestation for the backup scenario. When the dd backup system is used, the gzip or bzip2 compression algorithm can be used for data compression, so that the use amount of disk space can be greatly reduced, and the backup cost is reduced.
When the main partition 3 has problems, such as loss of files, incapability of starting or incapability of starting due to middle virus and the like, operation and maintenance personnel can simply insert the short-circuit cap 5 into the recovery button 6, power is turned on, the industrial personal computer equipment 1 can automatically enter a system recovery mode (recovery mirror state), the automatic mirror image system recovery switch is connected, the industrial personal computer equipment 1 can automatically recover the system files in the backup partition 4 to the main partition 3, and the files in the main partition 3 are covered, so that the purpose of recovering and reinstalling the system is achieved.
In another embodiment, under the condition that the hard disk capacity of the industrial control device is limited, the system can be considered to be backed up on the SD card, so as to achieve the purpose of saving the disk space. The read-write speed of the SD card under this method is not as good as that of the Flash medium, the read-write speed of the system recovery is slightly slower, and the service life of the SD card is reduced.
The Linux system backup method comprises the following steps: using a backup tool dd to backup the existing Linux system operated by the main partition to a backup partition 4, wherein the backup Linux system comprises a main boot record and a partition table, and directory files in the Linux system operated by the main partition 3; when the system is backed up, the data compression processing is carried out by using a gzip or bzip2 compression algorithm. The method for recovering based on the Linux system, referring to the flow chart shown in fig. 2, includes the following steps: when the main partition 3 has problems, such as file loss, incapability of starting or virus or the like, and the running existing Linux system cannot be started, the short-circuit cap 5 is inserted into the recovery button 6, and the industrial personal computer device 1 is powered on and started to enter a recovery mirror state; the industrial personal computer equipment 1 loads BIOS hardware and performs self-detection every time when being powered on, and when the recovery button 6 is not short-circuited, the system in the main partition 3 is normally guided, and the Linix system is logged in through BIOS self-detection, loading of a loading program, loading of a kernel, execution of an init process and the like. When the recovery button 6 is detected to be short-circuited, the system recovery mode is entered, the UI prompts the recovery system, the boot file of the backup partition 4 is read, and the Linux DD command is started to restore the system in the backup partition 4 to the main partition 3. After the system is recovered, the industrial personal computer equipment 1 is restarted and normally guides the main partition 3 system.
The Linux system backup and restoration scheme can effectively reduce the maintenance difficulty and the operation and maintenance workload of operation and maintenance personnel, is simple and convenient, and has popularization.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system based on Linux system backup and recovery is characterized in that: the device comprises industrial personal computer equipment, a short connection cap and a recovery button; the storage area of the industrial personal computer equipment comprises a main partition and a backup partition; the method comprises the steps that the existing Linux system is operated in a main partition, a backup partition stores a backup Linux system, and the backup Linux system comprises a main boot record, a partition table and directory files in the Linux system operated in the main partition;
the short-circuit cap is used for adjusting the on-off relation of different electric signals on the industrial personal computer equipment so as to adjust the working state of the industrial personal computer equipment;
the recovery button is installed on a mainboard of the industrial personal computer equipment; the short connection cap jumps to the recovery button to enable the industrial personal computer to be in a mirror image recovery state; otherwise, the industrial personal computer is in a normal working state.
2. The Linux-based system backup and restore system of claim 1, wherein the directory files in the Linux system that are run by the primary partition comprise:
the system starts the directory boot, keep the system and start the relevant file;
a configuration file storage position etc, which is used for storing configuration files of all services adopting a default installation mode in the Linux system;
the home directory of the common user is the default login position when each user is established;
the method comprises the steps that a master directory root of a super user is directly under a root directory;
the system software resource catalog usr is a catalog for storing system software resources;
dynamic data storage location var, save cache, log, and files generated by software running.
3. The Linux-based system backup and restore system of claim 1, wherein the restore button comprises two jumpers; when the short connection cap jumps to two jumper pins of the recovery button, the short connection cap is in a connection state, current passes through the short connection cap, and the industrial personal computer is in a recovery mirror image state; otherwise, when the jumper cap is not buckled, the connection is disconnected, and the industrial personal computer is in a normal working state.
4. The Linux-based system backup and restore system of claim 1, wherein the backup is operated by a backup tool dd; when the backup tool dd is used for backing up the system, the gzip or bzip2 compression algorithm is used for data compression.
5. The Linux-based system backup and restore system of claim 1, wherein: and under the condition that the hard disk capacity of the industrial control equipment is limited, backing up the system on the SD card.
6. A method for backing up based on a Linux system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
using a backup tool dd to backup the existing Linux system operated by the main partition to the backup partition, wherein the backup Linux system comprises a main boot record, a partition table and a directory file in the Linux system operated by the main partition; when the system is backed up, the data compression processing is carried out by using a gzip or bzip2 compression algorithm.
7. A method for recovering based on a Linux system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, when the existing Linux system running in the main partition cannot be started, inserting the short-circuit cap into the recovery button, powering on and starting up, and enabling the industrial personal computer equipment to enter a recovery mirror state;
and S2, the industrial personal computer device restores the main guide record and the partition table in the backup partition and the directory file in the Linux system operated by the main partition to cover the files in the main partition so as to achieve the purpose of restoring and reinstalling the system.
8. The Linux system based recovery method of claim 7, further comprising the following steps after the step of S1 is completed:
s11, loading BIOS hardware and performing self-detection when the industrial personal computer equipment is powered on every time, normally guiding a system in the main partition when the recovery button is not short-circuited, and logging in a Linix system after BIOS self-detection, guiding a loading program, loading a kernel, executing an init process and performing the init process; when the short circuit of the recovery button is detected, entering a recovery mirror state; the UI prompts the recovery system to explain the recovery process.
9. The Linux-based system backup and restore method of claim 7, wherein the step S2 specifically comprises the steps of:
reading a boot file of the backup partition, and starting a Linux DD command to restore a system in the backup partition to a main partition; and after the system is recovered, the industrial personal computer restarts and normally guides the main partition system.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116662079A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-08-29 | 明阳时创(北京)科技有限公司 | Method and system for quickly backing up and restoring ubuntu operating system |
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