CN112051023B - High-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device - Google Patents
High-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112051023B CN112051023B CN202010958367.XA CN202010958367A CN112051023B CN 112051023 B CN112051023 B CN 112051023B CN 202010958367 A CN202010958367 A CN 202010958367A CN 112051023 B CN112051023 B CN 112051023B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device. The flat model is installed in a wind tunnel test section along the airflow, and a microwave source, a high-speed camera and a thermal infrared imager are installed outside an observation window at one side of the wind tunnel test section; incident microwaves emitted by the microwave source are fed into the wind tunnel test section through the circulator and the coupler in sequence and then are irradiated on the surface of the flat plate model; wave-transparent glass is embedded in the center of the surface of the flat plate model, an open waveguide is installed on the back surface of the wave-transparent glass, the open waveguide is closed on a directional coupler, and the directional coupler is connected with a waveguide coaxial converter; the back of the flat plate model is also provided with a microwave absorption protective cover which is sleeved outside the open waveguide and is coaxial with the open waveguide; an attenuator, a detector, an oscilloscope and a computer are arranged on the other side outside the wind tunnel test section; the front and the back of the flat model are respectively provided with a front and a back reflection microwave absorption plate arrays. The device can simulate the microwave temperature rise effect and the microwave damage characteristic of the wave-absorbing material under the condition of a real flow field in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-speed wind tunnel tests, and particularly relates to a high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device.
Background
The high-power microwave weapon is a killer of the invisible fighter, which is mainly caused by the design characteristics of the invisible fighter. Firstly, the invisible wave-absorbing materials commonly used by the invisible fighter at present comprise special graphite honeycomb materials and resin polymer materials, and the working principle of the invisible materials is to convert radar waves into heat energy to be emitted out so as to avoid reflection. Meanwhile, in order to further enhance the invisible effect, a layer of radar absorbing material with quite thick thickness is sprayed on all invisible fighters, and the working principle of the absorbing material is basically the same as that of the invisible material. Because a large amount of wave-absorbing materials are used, the American military invisible fighter has good low detectability in front of a radar. However, since most military radars work in the microwave band at present, the invisible fighter plane can absorb a great deal of radar waves and can also absorb a great deal of microwaves, which is cast as a fatal weakness of the invisible fighter plane and can bring a 'disaster to kill' by oneself. The fourth generation represented by F22 and the like mainly adopts a mode of invisible coating to carry out invisible molding, and the invisible coating has some typical characteristics, namely short life cycle and high maintenance cost; secondly, the wave absorbing performance is sharply reduced along with the temperature rise; thirdly, after local damage, the whole invisible performance of the whole machine is reduced sharply, for example, the imperial air force in the united kingdom, the main national defense research of landlord (Andrew Lambert) has already said that: while lomab has improved the stealth coating better, a scratch can make the radar signature of a fighter the same as 747. And the second and third characteristics make the high-energy microwave weapon have remarkable advantages in anti-stealth coating. When the invisible fighter is irradiated by high-energy electromagnetic waves, the coating can generate high temperature due to excessive absorption of microwave energy, so that the invisible performance is reduced, or further the coating is cracked, damaged in appearance and the like, so that the invisible capability is lost.
With the successful development of solid-state high-power microwave systems, aggressive microwave weapons become possible, and the dramatic increase in microwave power can become a significant threat to future aircraft. When high-power microwaves act on the surface of an aircraft, a field enhancement effect is formed in a local area of the aircraft due to the reflection, diffraction and other effects of the microwaves, and the field enhancement effect causes a large amount of energy to be deposited and interact with a wave-absorbing coating on the surface of the aircraft to cause deformation and further change the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft. During the research process of microwave damage effect, many influencing factors are included, wherein three key parameters are:
sensitive frequency: the frequency point or frequency segment to which the target is sensitive is determined by the characteristics of the target itself.
A power threshold: below a certain power, no damaging effect can occur at most of the energy.
Energy accumulation: exceeding the power threshold also requires sufficient energy to destroy the target.
Under a real flow field, because the strong coupling effect of a speed field and a temperature field causes the change of the convective heat transfer coefficient in the heat conduction process, and further causes the severe change of the damage target power threshold and the energy accumulation, in order to evaluate the high-energy microwave damage effect of a real aircraft in the high-speed flight process, the experimental study of microwave damage must be carried out under the condition of the real flow field. The existing microwave test is mainly carried out in an open environment or a microwave dark room, and the influences of convection heat transfer and the like caused by real airflow are not considered.
At present, the Chinese patent document library discloses an application number of 201911130858.9, an invention name of a high-speed wind tunnel kilowatt-level microwave damage test device, and an application number of 201911130870.X, an invention name of a high-speed wind tunnel megawatt-level microwave damage test device.
At present, the development of a high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device capable of further improving the microwave protection capability is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device.
The invention relates to a high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device which is characterized in that a flat plate model made of wave-transmitting materials is arranged in a wind tunnel test section of a high-speed wind tunnel along the incoming flow and the airflow of the wind tunnel, a microwave source is arranged outside an observation window at one side of the wind tunnel test section of the high-speed wind tunnel, and a high-speed camera and an infrared thermal imager are also arranged; incident microwaves emitted by the microwave source are fed into the wind tunnel test section through the circulator and the coupler in sequence and then are irradiated on the surface of the flat plate model; wave-transparent glass which is positioned on the same plane as the surface of the flat plate model is embedded in the position, corresponding to the incident microwave, of the center of the surface of the flat plate model; the back surface of the wave-transmitting glass is provided with a horn-shaped open waveguide, the wave-transmitting glass and the open waveguide are sealed through a rubber ring, the open waveguide is closed on a directional coupler, the directional coupler is connected with a waveguide coaxial converter, and a cable of the waveguide coaxial converter extends out of a wind tunnel test section and is sequentially connected with an attenuator, a detector, an oscilloscope and a computer which are positioned on the other side of the wind tunnel test section;
the back surface of the flat plate model is also provided with a horn-shaped microwave absorption protective cover which is sleeved outside the open waveguide and is coaxial with the open waveguide, the outer layer of the microwave absorption protective cover is made of metal material, and the inner layer is coated with a silicon carbide protective layer;
the edge of the flat plate model is embedded with a high-temperature armored thermocouple, and the distance between the high-temperature armored thermocouple and the surface of the flat plate model is 1-2 mm;
and a front reflection microwave absorption plate array is arranged below a wind tunnel throat of the high-speed wind tunnel along the wind tunnel incoming flow and above the flat plate model, and a rear reflection microwave absorption plate array is arranged below the flat plate model.
Further, the wave-transmitting material is one of wave-transmitting glass, epoxy resin, BMI resin, DAIP resin or cyanate resin.
Furthermore, the incident area of the incident microwave is larger than or equal to the surface area of the flat plate model.
Further, the material of the reflective microwave absorbing plates in the front and rear reflective microwave absorbing plate arrays is silicon carbide.
Furthermore, the shape of the wave-transparent glass is round or square.
Furthermore, the material of the wave-transparent glass is quartz glass or optical glass.
Further, the opening diameter of the open waveguide is larger than the wavelength of the incident microwave.
Furthermore, the silicon carbide protective layer is formed by paving silicon carbide plates, and the thickness of the silicon carbide protective layer is 2-4 mm.
The high-speed camera in the high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device is used for shooting the shape change of the wave-absorbing material of the flat model, and the thermal infrared imager is used for measuring the temperature rise effect of the wave-absorbing material of the flat model.
The opening diameter of the opening waveguide in the high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device is larger than the wavelength of incident microwaves, so that the electric field parameters of the incident microwaves can be accurately measured.
The open waveguide in the high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device receives microwave signals with megawatt level, the microwave signals with megawatt level are converted into microwave signals with kilowatt level through the directional coupler, the microwave signals with kilowatt level are converted into electric signals through the waveguide coaxial converter, the signals are attenuated by the attenuator, and finally the signals are measured by the wave detector and the oscilloscope, and the obtained measuring signals are transmitted to the computer for data processing.
The microwave absorption protective cover in the high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device can absorb escaping microwaves, so that the damage of the microwaves to test equipment and workers is further reduced.
The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device has a simple structure, can simulate the microwave temperature rise effect and the microwave damage characteristic of the wave-absorbing material under the condition of a real flow field in real time, more accurately obtains parameters such as a power threshold, energy accumulation and the like of the tested wave-absorbing material under the real flow field environment, improves the microwave protection capability, and provides an important basis for scientific research and effective use of microwave weapons.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a microwave source 2, a circulator 3, a high-speed camera 4, a thermal infrared imager 5, an observation window 6, a wind tunnel test section 7, a wind tunnel throat 8, a coupler 9, a front reflection microwave absorption plate array 10, a flat plate model 11, wave-transmitting glass 12, a microwave absorption protective cover 13, a rear reflection microwave absorption plate array 14, a high-temperature armored thermocouple 15, an open waveguide 16, a directional coupler 17, an attenuator 18, a detector 19, an oscilloscope 20, a waveguide coaxial converter 21 and a silicon carbide protective layer are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, in the high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage testing device of the embodiment, a flat plate model 10 made of a wave-transmitting material is installed in a wind tunnel testing section 6 of the high-speed wind tunnel along the wind tunnel incoming flow and the airflow, a microwave source 1 is installed outside an observation window 5 at one side of the wind tunnel testing section 6 of the high-speed wind tunnel, and a high-speed camera 3 and a thermal infrared imager 4 are also installed; incident microwaves emitted by the microwave source 1 are fed into the wind tunnel test section 6 through the circulator 2 and the coupler 8 in sequence and then are irradiated on the surface of the flat plate model 10; wave-transparent glass 11 which is positioned on the same plane with the surface of the flat plate model 10 is embedded in the position, corresponding to the incident microwave, of the center of the surface of the flat plate model 10; the back surface of the wave-transmitting glass 11 is provided with a horn-shaped open waveguide 15, the wave-transmitting glass 11 and the open waveguide 15 are sealed through a rubber ring, the open waveguide 15 is closed on a directional coupler 16, the directional coupler 16 is connected with a waveguide coaxial converter 20, and a cable of the waveguide coaxial converter 20 extends out of the wind tunnel test section 6 and is sequentially connected with an attenuator 17, a detector 18, an oscilloscope 19 and a computer which are positioned on the other side of the wind tunnel test section 6;
the back of the flat plate model 10 is also provided with a horn-shaped microwave absorption protective cover 12, the microwave absorption protective cover 12 is sleeved outside the open waveguide 15 and is coaxial with the open waveguide 15, the outer layer of the microwave absorption protective cover 12 is made of metal materials, and the inner layer is coated with a silicon carbide protective layer 21;
the edge of the flat plate model 10 is embedded with a high-temperature armored thermocouple 14, and the distance between the high-temperature armored thermocouple 14 and the surface of the flat plate model 10 is 1-2 mm;
a front reflection microwave absorption plate array 9 is arranged below a flat plate model 10 along the wind tunnel incoming flow and below a wind tunnel throat 7 of the high-speed wind tunnel, and a rear reflection microwave absorption plate array 13 is arranged below the flat plate model 10.
Further, the wave-transmitting material is one of wave-transmitting glass, epoxy resin, BMI resin, DAIP resin or cyanate resin.
Further, the incident area of the incident microwave is greater than or equal to the surface area of the flat plate model 10.
Further, the material of the reflective microwave absorbing plates in the front reflective microwave absorbing plate array 9 and the rear reflective microwave absorbing plate array 13 is silicon carbide.
Further, the shape of the wave-transparent glass 11 is circular or square.
Further, the material of the wave-transparent glass 11 is quartz glass or optical glass.
Further, the opening diameter of the open waveguide 15 is larger than the wavelength of the incident microwave.
Further, the silicon carbide protective layer 21 is formed by paving silicon carbide plates, and the thickness of the silicon carbide protective layer 21 is 2 mm-4 mm.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications without creative efforts from the above-described conception, and fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device is characterized in that a flat plate model (10) made of wave-transparent materials is installed in a wind tunnel test section (6) of a high-speed wind tunnel along the wind tunnel incoming flow and the airflow, a microwave source (1) is installed outside an observation window (5) on one side of the wind tunnel test section (6) of the high-speed wind tunnel, a high-speed camera (3) and a thermal infrared imager (4) are further installed, the high-speed camera is used for shooting the shape change of wave-absorbing materials of the flat plate model, and the thermal infrared imager is used for measuring the temperature rise effect of the wave-absorbing materials of the flat plate model; incident microwaves emitted by the microwave source (1) are fed into the wind tunnel test section (6) through the circulator (2) and the coupler (8) in sequence and then are irradiated on the surface of the flat plate model (10); wave-transparent glass (11) which is positioned on the same plane with the surface of the flat plate model (10) is embedded in the position, corresponding to the incident microwave, of the center of the surface of the flat plate model (10); the back surface of the wave-transmitting glass (11) is provided with a horn-shaped open waveguide (15), the wave-transmitting glass (11) and the open waveguide (15) are sealed through a rubber ring, the open waveguide (15) is closed on a directional coupler (16), the directional coupler (16) is connected with a waveguide coaxial converter (20), and a cable of the waveguide coaxial converter (20) extends out of the wind tunnel test section (6) and is sequentially connected with an attenuator (17), a detector (18), an oscilloscope (19) and a computer which are positioned on the other side of the wind tunnel test section (6);
the back of the flat plate model (10) is also provided with a horn-shaped microwave absorption protective cover (12), the microwave absorption protective cover (12) is sleeved outside the open waveguide (15) and is coaxial with the open waveguide (15), the outer layer of the microwave absorption protective cover (12) is made of metal materials, and the inner layer is coated with a silicon carbide protective layer (21);
the edge of the flat plate model (10) is embedded with a high-temperature armored thermocouple (14), and the distance between the high-temperature armored thermocouple (14) and the surface of the flat plate model (10) is 1-2 mm;
a front reflection microwave absorbing plate array (9) is arranged below a wind tunnel throat (7) of the high-speed wind tunnel and above a flat plate model (10) along the wind tunnel incoming flow, and a rear reflection microwave absorbing plate array (13) is arranged below the flat plate model (10).
2. The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device of claim 1, wherein the wave-transparent material is one of wave-transparent glass, epoxy resin, BMI resin, DAIP resin or cyanate resin.
3. The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device according to claim 1, wherein the incident area of the incident microwave is larger than or equal to the surface area of the flat model (10).
4. The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the reflecting microwave absorbing plate in the front reflecting microwave absorbing plate array (9) and the back reflecting microwave absorbing plate array (13) is silicon carbide.
5. The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the wave-transparent glass (11) is circular or square.
6. The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device according to claim 1, wherein the wave-transparent glass (11) is made of quartz glass or optical glass.
7. The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device according to claim 1, wherein the opening diameter of the opening waveguide (15) is larger than the wavelength of the incident microwave.
8. The high-speed wind tunnel microwave damage test device according to claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide protective layer (21) is formed by paving a silicon carbide plate, and the thickness of the silicon carbide protective layer (21) is 2mm to 4 mm.
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| CA1187602A (en) * | 1984-01-06 | 1985-05-21 | B.E.L.-Tronics Limited | Horn antenna and mixer construction for microwave radar detectors |
| JPH01297141A (en) * | 1988-05-25 | 1989-11-30 | Canon Inc | Microwave plasma processing device |
| US4964591A (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1990-10-23 | Questech, Inc. | Projectile having nonelectric infrared heat tracking device |
| CN1173997A (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 1998-02-25 | 郑州粮食学院 | Electromagnetic method and equipment capable of producing biological effect |
| AUPP211498A0 (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1998-03-26 | Vomax Pty Ltd | Method and means for moisture measurement |
| KR101060709B1 (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-08-30 | 이건화 | A heat accumulator for boiler using microwave plasma |
| KR20130003218A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-09 | 김형석 | Wide-area atmospheric pressure microwave plasma system |
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| CN110686852A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心高速空气动力研究所 | High-speed wind tunnel megawatt microwave damage test device |
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