CN112050687A - Electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracking device - Google Patents
Electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112050687A CN112050687A CN202010937133.7A CN202010937133A CN112050687A CN 112050687 A CN112050687 A CN 112050687A CN 202010937133 A CN202010937133 A CN 202010937133A CN 112050687 A CN112050687 A CN 112050687A
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- carbon dioxide
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- digital delay
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009924 canning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001914 chlorine tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
- F42B3/045—Hybrid systems with previously pressurised gas using blasting to increase the pressure, e.g. causing the gas to be released from its sealed container
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/28—Cartridge cases characterised by the material used, e.g. coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
- F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/40—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically
- F42C15/42—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically from a remote location, e.g. for controlled mines or mine fields
Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic activator for an intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker.A mounting head and a plug are respectively arranged at two ends of an activator shell; the digital delay electronic excitation device is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell of the activator, the inner cavity of the shell of the activator is filled with heating materials, and the first lead penetrates through the mounting head and is connected with the digital delay electronic excitation device; the digital delay electronic excitation device adopts key verification and has a delay electric excitation function, and is used for causing the heating material to generate heat and generate a large amount of reaction gas so as to cause the phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide. The key is adopted for verification, namely, even if the electronic activator is obtained, the electronic activator cannot be activated under the condition that the initiation password is unknown, so that the safety of the electronic activator in the processes of generation, transportation and storage is ensured; the digital delay electronic excitation device has a delay function and provides technical support for liquid carbon dioxide phase change delay blasting construction in the engineering application process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting devices, and particularly relates to an electronic activator for a carbon dioxide phase change cracker.
Background
The liquid carbon dioxide phase change fracturing technology has good application effects in coal mine gas permeability increasing, earthwork blasting excavation and other projects. The main principle of the technology is that the pressure generated by the gasification of liquid carbon dioxide through thermal expansion rises instantly to form instant high-pressure carbon dioxide gas which plays a role in damaging coal beds and rock stratums. The specific principle is as follows: pressurizing and liquefying carbon dioxide gas under certain pressure and temperature conditions, and compressing and canning liquid carbon dioxide into a liquid storage pipe which is sealed by a rupture disc, an activator and a plug through a booster pump. The liquid storage tube, the detonator and the power line are carried to the blasting site, the liquid storage tube is inserted into the drill hole and fixed, and the liquid storage tube is connected with the power supply of the detonator. When the micro current passes through the activator, instantaneous high temperature is generated in the liquid storage pipe, so that the pressure in the liquid storage pipe is increased rapidly to reach the breakdown pressure of the rupture disc, high-pressure carbon dioxide is gasified instantly, and high-pressure gas generated by rapid expansion acts on the wall of the coal seam or the rock stratum hole, so that a target body is damaged, and a fracturing crack is formed.
Therefore, the instant heat release after the electric firing of the activator is an important core component for promoting the temperature rise and the expansion pressure rise of the liquid carbon dioxide to break the rupture disc and form the high-pressure phase-change jet. The liquid carbon dioxide phase-change cracking technology process requires that the carbon dioxide phase-change gasification is completed instantly to form enough expansion pressure to cause the target body to crack. Therefore, activator materials need to be composed of energetic materials that react rapidly, instantaneously exothermically, instantaneously expand. Because the energetic material of the activating agent has the characteristics of high chemical reaction speed, instant heat release, instant expansion and the like, certain public safety hidden dangers exist in the processes of production, processing, storage, transportation and engineering application, the liquid carbon dioxide phase change cracking technology is classified as a control technology by part of regional police departments, and the popularization and the application of the liquid carbon dioxide phase change cracking technology are influenced to a great extent.
Chinese patent CN201620441820.9 discloses an "activator for disposable cracking device", which comprises an activating tube, a plug, and a heater, wherein the heater mainly comprises an igniter and a conducting wire, and the activator is excited by the heater, i.e. the igniter releases heat through an external power supply to ignite the activator.
Chinese patent CN201610259291.5 discloses an "activator and a carbon dioxide cracking device using the same", wherein the activator includes an activation cylinder, an energy release plug and a heater, the energy release plug is fixed at one end of the activation cylinder, the heater is connected with an external power supply, an igniter is caused to release heat by the external power supply, and the activator is ignited.
The above devices adopt the current to directly ignite the igniter and the activator, so as to promote the phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide, and the defects are mainly reflected as follows:
(1) the existing carbon dioxide activator has a simple ignition mode, can ignite an activator material after current is conducted, emits a large amount of heat, and has dangers of fire, explosion and the like in the processes of industrial production, transportation and storage. The existing carbon dioxide activator is directly excited by current, the excitation mode is simple, and any person can explode the liquid carbon dioxide phase change cracking device under the condition that the carbon dioxide cracking device, the activator and the exploder exist, so that great hidden danger is caused to public safety.
(2) The existing carbon dioxide activator is excited by current, delay blasting construction cannot be realized in an industrial application process, and delay blasting construction technology is often required to be implemented to improve construction effect due to the requirements of reducing flying stones, reducing flying dust and improving blasting efficiency in an actual engineering process.
(3) The existing carbon dioxide activator has the defects of simple structure, low production cost and difficult supervision by public security departments, and causes great hidden danger to public safety, and the source tracing cannot be carried out after a safety event caused by a liquid carbon dioxide phase change cracking device occurs.
(4) The heating materials adopted by the existing carbon dioxide activator mainly release heat instantly, are inflammable and explosive, and have great potential safety hazard in the storage process of the activator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electronic activator for an intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker, and aims to solve the problem of potential safety hazard in the production, transportation and storage processes of the existing activator.
Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an electronic activator for an intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker comprises a first lead, an installing head, a digital delay electronic excitation device, an activator shell and a plug; the mounting head and the plug are respectively arranged at two ends of the activator shell; the digital delay electronic excitation device is arranged in the inner cavity of the activator shell, the inner cavity of the activator shell is filled with heating materials, and the first lead penetrates through the mounting head and is connected with the digital delay electronic excitation device; the digital delay electronic excitation device adopts key verification and has a delay electric excitation function, and is used for causing the heating material to generate heat and generate a large amount of reaction gas so as to cause the phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the digital delay electronic excitation device comprises a device shell, a second conducting wire, an overload protection element, a digital delay initiation control circuit and an electric ignition charge which are sequentially connected are arranged in an inner cavity of the device shell, a sealing plug is arranged at one end, close to the second conducting wire, of the device shell, the second conducting wire penetrates through the sealing plug, an ignition starting element and a heating material are sequentially arranged at one end, close to the electric ignition charge, of the device shell from inside to outside, the ignition starting element is the ignition starting element of the digital delay electronic excitation device, and granules of octogen and carboxymethyl cellulose lead azide are filled in the ignition starting element; the heating material in the digital delay electronic excitation device is used for igniting the heating material filled in the inner cavity of the activator shell.
Preferably, the digital delayed detonation control circuit comprises a communication circuit, a key verification module, a programmable delay module and a crystal oscillation circuit which are sequentially in communication connection, and the programmable delay module is also in communication connection with the discharge circuit; the key verification module, the programmable delay module, the crystal oscillation circuit and the discharge circuit are all electrically connected with the rectification circuit, the detonation capacitor is electrically connected with the discharge circuit, and the electronic switch is electrically connected with the detonation capacitor.
Preferably, the second conducting wire comprises two strands of four-core spring wires integrally injection-molded in the sealing plug, and two strands of four-core insulated conducting wires connected with the two strands of four-core spring wires, and the overload protection element is connected in series with one of the four-core insulated conducting wires.
Further preferably, a sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the sealing plug and the device shell, a mounting groove is formed in the inner side of the mounting head, and one end, provided with the sealing plug, of the digital delay electronic excitation device is mounted in the mounting groove.
Preferably, the activator shell is made of a paper material, the mounting head is made of a plastic material, and the mounting head and the first lead are integrally formed through injection molding and then connected with the activator shell through a sealant.
More preferably, the exothermic material is prepared from guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, ammonium perchlorate and potassium nitrate according to a ratio of 45: 5: 9: 9, adding 3 percent of polyvinyl butyral serving as a binder, wetting by alcohol, granulating, and sieving by a 400-mesh sieve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the electronic activator provided by the invention is provided with a digital delay electronic excitation device, and the digital delay electronic excitation device excites a heating material to cause the heating material to generate heat and generate a large amount of reaction gas to cause the phase change of liquid carbon dioxide. The digital delayed electronic excitation device has a unique key in the electric excitation process, and is excited by adopting a password, namely, under the condition that the initiation password is unknown, the electronic activator cannot be activated without the password even if the electronic activator is obtained, so that the safety of the electronic activator in the processes of generation, transportation and storage is ensured;
(2) the digital delay electronic excitation device in the electronic activator has a delay function, can realize delay electric excitation of the activator through remote programming, and provides technical support for liquid carbon dioxide phase change delay blasting construction in the engineering application process;
(3) the digital delay electronic excitation device in the electronic activator has a unique secret key, namely a unique electronic traceability code, is convenient for the public security organization to carry out daily management and traceability on the technical construction, and is beneficial to maintaining social security.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the digital delay electronic excitation device in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the digital delayed detonation control circuit in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, an electronic activator for an intelligent carbon dioxide phase transition cracking device mainly comprises a first lead 1, an installation head 2, a digital delay electronic excitation device 4, an activator housing 5, a plug 7 and a heating material 6.
The mounting head 2 and the plug 7 are respectively arranged at two ends of the activator shell 5. The digital delay electronic excitation device 4 is arranged in the inner cavity of the activator shell 5, the inner cavity of the activator shell 5 is filled with the heating material 6, and the first lead 1 penetrates through the mounting head 2 and is connected with the digital delay electronic excitation device 4.
The digital delay electronic excitation device 4 adopts key verification and has a delay electric excitation function, and is used for causing the heating material 6 to generate heat and generate a large amount of reaction gas so as to cause the phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the activator housing 5 is made of paper material, and the activator housing 5 is preferably cylindrical with a diameter of 3cm, a length of 25cm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. The mounting head 2 is made of plastic materials, the mounting head 2 and the first lead 1 are integrally formed through injection molding and then connected with the activator shell 5 through sealant 3, and the sealant 3 is adopted to ensure the tightness of the connection of the mounting head 2 and the activator shell 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the digital delay electronic excitation device 4 includes a device housing 16, and a second conducting wire, an overload protection element 11, a digital delay detonation control circuit 13, and an electric ignition charge 14, which are connected in sequence, are installed in an inner cavity of the device housing 16. The device housing 16 is provided with a sealing plug 8 at an end thereof adjacent to the second conductor to ensure the sealing property of the connection between the sealing plug 8 and the device housing 16. The second lead wire penetrates the sealing plug 8, and one end of the device shell 16 close to the electric ignition charge 14 is provided with an ignition starting element 15 and a heating material 6 from inside to outside in sequence. The ignition starting element 15 of the digital delay electronic excitation device 4 is filled with granules of octogen and carboxymethyl cellulose lead azide. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the heating material 6 in the digital delay electronic ignition device 4 is used for igniting the heating material 6 filled in the inner cavity of the activator housing 5. The device housing 16 has high pressure resistance characteristics to meet the environmental requirements of the use of the activator.
The overload protection element 11 is used for protecting the digital delayed detonation control circuit 13, preventing the capacitor in the digital delayed detonation control circuit 13 from being broken down due to overlarge current, and preventing the digital delayed detonation control circuit from being out of work, and being capable of effectively resisting stray current and avoiding accidental excitation of stray current such as static electricity. The digital delay detonation control circuit 13 is a core control component of the digital delay electronic excitation device and is used for password verification, current conduction and delay time control; the electric ignition powder 14 is ignited after password verification and current conduction of the digital delay detonation control circuit 13, and the ignition starting element 15 is ignited after electric excitation until the heating material 6 is ignited, so that instant reaction heat release of all the heating materials in the electronic activator is realized, and the requirement of the instant phase change temperature of liquid carbon dioxide is met.
The electronic activator is provided with a high-voltage-resistant digital delay electronic excitation device 4, and the electronic activator excites a heating material 6 by the digital delay electronic excitation device 4 to cause the heating material 6 to generate heat and generate a large amount of reaction gas to cause the phase change of liquid carbon dioxide. The digital delayed electronic excitation device 4 has a unique key in the process of electrical excitation, and is excited by adopting a password, namely, under the condition that a detonation password is unknown, the electronic activator cannot be activated without the password even if the electronic activator is obtained, so that the safety of the electronic activator in the processes of generation, transportation and storage is ensured; and the digital delay electronic excitation device 4 has a delay function, can realize delay electric excitation of the activator through remote programming, and provides technical support for liquid carbon dioxide phase change delay blasting construction in the engineering application process.
Preferably, the second conductor comprises two four-core spring wires 9 integrally injection-molded in the sealing plug 8, and two four-core insulated conductor wires 12 connected to the two four-core spring wires 9, and the overload protection element 11 is connected in series to one of the four-core insulated conductor wires 12.
In addition, a sealing gasket 10 is arranged at the joint of the sealing plug 8 and the device shell 16, a mounting groove is arranged on the inner side of the mounting head 2, and one end of the digital delay electronic excitation device 4, which is provided with the sealing plug 8, is mounted in the mounting groove. The first conducting wire 1 and the digital delay electronic excitation device 4 are preferably conducted through a spring thimble.
In the installation process, a small amount of glue is coated on the end face of the digital delay electronic excitation device 4, the digital delay electronic excitation device is fixed in the installation groove of the installation head 2, the conductivity of the digital delay electronic excitation device is detected, if the conductivity is good, the digital delay electronic excitation device 4 is installed well, otherwise, the problem needs to be found when the problem is installed. The mounting head 2 and the digital delay electronic excitation device 4 are mounted into an activator shell 5 and fixed by sealant 3, after drying, the heating material 6 is filled into the activator shell 5 and is properly compacted, a plug 7 is used for bottom sealing, and the activator shell is placed in a dry ventilation environment for drying and standby.
The digital delay electronic excitation device 4 has the main functions of: the method is used for realizing user key verification and tracing to ensure the safety supervision of the electronic activator in the social circulation process and prevent the activator from causing potential safety hazard due to electrostatic accidental excitation; secondly, the precise delay ignition function is realized, and technical support is provided for realizing delay blasting of the liquid carbon dioxide phase change cracking device.
The heating material 6 mainly realizes the instant heat release and gas generation functions of the electronic activator, so as to ensure the instant phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide and provide guarantee for the effect of the liquid carbon dioxide phase change cracking device. The mounting head 2, the activator shell 5 and the plug 7 form an electronic activating material mounting container. The first lead 1 provides a current and signal channel for the digital delay electronic excitation device 4, ensures that a key and a delay signal instruction can be sent to the digital delay electronic excitation device 4, provides current supply for the digital delay electronic excitation device 4, and provides current supply for activation of the heating material 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the digital delayed detonation control circuit 13 includes a communication circuit 131, a key verification module 133, a programmable delay module 134 and a crystal oscillation circuit 135, which are sequentially connected in a communication manner, and the programmable delay module 134 is further connected in a communication manner with a discharge circuit 136; the device further comprises a rectifying circuit 132, a detonation capacitor 138 and an electronic switch 137, wherein the key verification module 133, the programmable delay module 134, the crystal oscillation circuit 135 and the discharge circuit 136 are electrically connected with the rectifying circuit 132, the detonation capacitor 138 is electrically connected with the discharge circuit 136, and the electronic switch 137 is electrically connected with the detonation capacitor 138.
The working principle of the digital delay detonation control circuit 13 is as follows: outputting a communication instruction and current to the circuit through a second wire; the current is converted into direct current by the rectifying circuit 132, and the direct current is respectively used for transmitting working current to the key verification module 133, the programmable delay module 134, the crystal oscillation circuit 135 and the discharging circuit 136 to maintain the normal operation of the key verification module, the programmable delay module 134, the crystal oscillation circuit 135 and the discharging circuit 136; user key information is transmitted to the key verification module 133 through the communication circuit 131, after the user key information is verified to be consistent, a delay time instruction is sent to the programmable delay module 134 which is controlled by the crystal oscillation circuit 135 in a precise time mode, the time for supplying power to the discharge circuit 136 is precisely controlled, and after the discharge circuit 136 is electrified, current exceeding the breakdown voltage of the initiation capacitor 138 is transmitted to the initiation capacitor 138, so that the electronic switch 137 works and ignites to ignite electric ignition charge.
Preferably, the exothermic material 6 is prepared from guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, and potassium nitrate in a ratio of 45: 5: 9: 9, adding 3 percent of polyvinyl butyral serving as a binder, wetting by alcohol, granulating, and sieving by a 400-mesh sieve. The heating material has the advantages of large gas production rate of chemical reaction, low toxic gas content of gas products, high combustion speed, good ignitability, small residue amount, safety and stability.
The energy-containing exothermic material can be prepared by the following method:
1) weighing Guanidine Nitrate (GN), Basic Copper Nitrate (BCN), Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) according to the proportion, sequentially pouring into a beaker, and uniformly mixing;
2) adding 3% adhesive polyvinyl butyral (PVB) by mass, wetting with alcohol, granulating, sieving with 400 mesh sieve, and storing in shady and ventilated place.
The material composition and characteristic parameters are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 exothermic materials for electronic activators and their proportions
Wherein Guanidine Nitrate (GN) is white crystalline powder, has strong oxidizing property, decomposes and explodes at high temperature, has a melting point of 213-215 ℃ and a relative density of 1.44, and is soluble in water and alcohol. Basic Copper Nitrate (BCN) is light blue powder, insoluble in water and alcoholDissolved in dilute acid, and is mainly used for gas generation. Ammonium Perchlorate (AP) is a white crystal, has deliquescence, is a strong oxidant, is mainly used for manufacturing explosives, fireworks and the like, is initiated to oxidize aluminum by using magnesium metal, further initiates decomposition of ammonium perchlorate to generate a large amount of gas, and can be used for manufacturing ammonium perchlorate explosives, engraving agents, artificial hail suppression agents, rocket propellants and the like. Potassium nitrate (KNO)3) The product is colorless transparent prismatic or white granule or crystalline powder, is easily soluble in water, insoluble in anhydrous ethanol and diethyl ether, can participate in oxidation-reduction reaction, has oxidability in acidic environment, can be decomposed by heating to generate oxygen, and can be used for preparing oxidant, explosive, firework, and black powder. The chemical equation for the reaction of the above materials is:
45CH6N4O3+5[Cu(NO3)2·3Cu(OH)2]+9NH4ClO4+9KNO3＝45CO2+168H2O+104N2+20Cu+9KCl
(1) theoretical constant volume combustion heat quantity (Q)v) Computing
The combustion heat is a physical quantity for representing the work-doing capacity of the energetic material, and the larger the combustion heat is, the larger the work-doing capacity of the energetic material is, and the unit is kJ/kg. Can be divided into constant volume combustion heat QvAnd constant pressure combustion heat quantity QpAnd the following relationships exist: qp＝Qv-P0(V-V0) Neglecting the volume V of energetic material0The above formula can be simplified as:
Qp＝Qv-P0V＝Qv-nRT0＝Qv-2.478n
in the formula, P0One atmosphere at 101.3 kPa; v is an activator combustion product in P0The volume of (a) below; v0Is the volume of the activator; n is the molar amount of gas phase components (excluding water) in 1kg of activator combustion products; r is a gas constant equal to 8.314 J.mol-1·K-1；T0The initial temperature was equal to 298K.
According to the Hess law of thermochemistry: Δ H2＝ΔH3-ΔH1Wherein, Δ H2＝QpTherefore, there are:
in the formula: Δ H2Reaction enthalpy, n, reflected by combustion of 1kg activatorpIs the molar amount of component p in 1kg of activator;
is the standard molar enthalpy of formation of component p in the activator; n isiIs a molar amount of 1kg of activator combustion product i,
is then the standard molar enthalpy of formation for product i.
Standard molar enthalpy of formation for water in liquid form. The theoretical constant-volume combustion heat of the activating agent is calculated as follows:
(2) theoretical combustion temperature (T)
The theoretical combustion temperature is the theoretical highest combustion temperature of the energetic material, refers to the highest temperature to which the explosive product is heated by the energy released during explosion of the explosive, and is measured in Kelvin (K), and can hardly be directly measured in practice, and is generally obtained by adopting a theoretical calculation method. In the calculation process, firstly, it is assumed that: taking the reaction process as a constant volume process approximately; the reaction process is adiabatic, that is, the energy released in the reaction is used for heating the combustion products; thirdly, the heat capacity of the combustion products is only a function of temperature and is irrelevant to other conditions such as pressure and the like during combustion. From the above three assumptions it follows that:
the relationship between the combustion product constant volume heat capacity and the temperature is as follows:
the relationship between the combustion temperature and the combustion product constant volume heat capacity is as follows:
The constant volume heat capacity of the chemical reaction product of the electric starting activator is as follows:
A＝10110.47 B＝4346.714×10-3
the theoretical combustion temperature T is then:
(3) gas production (V)
The mole number of produced gas (including water vapor) generated by the complete combustion of 100g of the activating agent is the gas production rate of the gas generating agent, and is an important index for reflecting the gas quantity generated by the activating agent, and the gas production rates of guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, ammonium perchlorate and potassium nitrate activating agents adopted in the research are as follows:
the material can ensure that high-temperature ignition temperature is generated instantly, so that the volume of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is rapidly expanded by more than 600 times.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent carbon dioxide phase transition is electronic activator for cracker which characterized in that: comprises a first lead (1), an installation head (2), a digital delay electronic excitation device (4), an activator shell (5) and a plug (7); the mounting head (2) and the plug (7) are respectively arranged at two ends of the activator shell (5); the digital delay electronic excitation device (4) is arranged in the inner cavity of the activator shell (5), the inner cavity of the activator shell (5) is filled with a heating material (6), and the first lead (1) penetrates through the mounting head (2) and is connected with the digital delay electronic excitation device (4); the digital delay electronic excitation device (4) adopts key verification and has a delay electric excitation function and is used for causing the heating material (6) to generate heat and generate a large amount of reaction gas so as to cause the phase change of the liquid carbon dioxide.
2. The electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker according to claim 1, wherein: the digital delay electronic excitation device (4) comprises a device shell (16), a second conducting wire, an overload protection element (11), a digital delay detonation control circuit (13) and an electric ignition charge (14) which are sequentially connected are arranged in an inner cavity of the device shell (16), a sealing plug (8) is arranged at one end, close to the second conducting wire, of the device shell (16), the second conducting wire penetrates through the sealing plug (8), an ignition starting element (15) and a heating material (6) are sequentially arranged at one end, close to the electric ignition charge (14), of the device shell (16), the ignition starting element (15) is an ignition starting element of the digital delay electronic excitation device (4), and granules of octogen and carboxymethyl cellulose azide are filled in the ignition starting element; the heating material (6) in the digital delay electronic excitation device (4) is used for igniting the heating material (6) filled in the inner cavity of the activator shell (5).
3. The electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker according to claim 2, wherein: the digital delay detonation control circuit (13) comprises a communication circuit (131), a key verification module (133), a programmable delay module (134) and a crystal oscillation circuit (135) which are sequentially in communication connection, wherein the programmable delay module (134) is also in communication connection with a discharge circuit (136); the key verification circuit comprises a key verification module (133), a programmable delay module (134), a crystal oscillation circuit (135) and a discharge circuit (136), and is characterized by further comprising a rectifying circuit (132), an initiation capacitor (138) and an electronic switch (137), wherein the key verification module (133), the programmable delay module (134), the crystal oscillation circuit (135) and the discharge circuit (136) are all electrically connected with the rectifying circuit (132), the initiation capacitor (138) is electrically connected with the discharge circuit (136), and the electronic switch (137) is electrically connected with the initiation capacitor (138).
4. The electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker according to claim 2, wherein: the second lead comprises two strands of four-core spring wires (9) which are integrally injection-molded in the sealing plug (8) and two strands of four-core insulated leads (12) connected with the two strands of four-core spring wires (9), and the overload protection element (11) is connected to one of the four-core insulated leads (12) in series.
5. The electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker according to claim 2, wherein: a sealing gasket (10) is arranged at the joint of the sealing plug (8) and the device shell (16), a mounting groove is formed in the inner side of the mounting head (2), and the end, provided with the sealing plug (8), of the digital delay electronic excitation device (4) is mounted in the mounting groove.
6. The electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase change cracker according to claim 1, wherein: the activator shell (5) is made of a paper material, the mounting head (2) is made of a plastic material, and the mounting head (2) and the first lead (1) are integrally formed through injection molding and then connected with the activator shell (5) through a sealant (3).
7. The electronic activator for intelligent carbon dioxide phase transition cracker according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the heating material (6) is prepared from guanidine nitrate, basic copper nitrate, ammonium perchlorate and potassium nitrate according to the weight ratio of 45: 5: 9: 9, adding 3 percent of polyvinyl butyral serving as a binder, wetting by alcohol, granulating, and sieving by a 400-mesh sieve.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202221280U (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-05-16 | 北京京煤化工有限公司 | Digital delayed electronic blasting cap |
| CN102992926A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-03-27 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Anaerobic pressure-controlled heating agent and use thereof |
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