CN112048689A - Heat treatment method of welding nozzle - Google Patents
Heat treatment method of welding nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112048689A CN112048689A CN202010972256.4A CN202010972256A CN112048689A CN 112048689 A CN112048689 A CN 112048689A CN 202010972256 A CN202010972256 A CN 202010972256A CN 112048689 A CN112048689 A CN 112048689A
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- welding nozzle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method of a welding nozzle in the technical field of heat treatment, which comprises the following steps of (1) immersing the welding nozzle of a welding gun into a closed container with the temperature of-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 2-4 h; (2) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190-; (3) immersing the workpiece into a closed container with the temperature of-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ and keeping for 4-8 h; (4) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190 ℃ to ensure that the core part of the nozzle is the standard temperature, preserving the heat for 1-2h, then cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out the welding nozzle from the furnace; the invention can improve the conductivity of the welding nozzle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and relates to a heat treatment method for a welding nozzle of a copper alloy welding gun.
Background
Welding is an advanced and high-productivity metal connection processing technology, and is a processing method for enabling welding parts to be combined mainly through heating or pressurizing or the combination of the heating and the pressurizing. The welding torch is the part of the welding process that performs the welding operation, and the welding head is an important part of the welding torch, and its main function is to efficiently transfer the welding current from the center hole to the welding rod, so as to achieve the electrical contact between the surface of the workpiece and the center hole.
Because of the combination of mechanical properties and service life requirements, welding torches are typically made from copper alloys. It is known that copper is the material with the highest conductivity in other metals except silver, but the conductivity of the copper alloy is sensitive to impurities and the content of alloy elements in the copper alloy, so that the copper alloy often shows poorer conductivity than pure copper, and the important practical significance and industrial application prospect are achieved on how to improve the conductivity of the copper alloy welding nozzle and the product quality and the production efficiency of a weldment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a heat treatment method of a welding nozzle, which can improve the conductivity of the welding nozzle.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a method of heat treating a welding nozzle, comprising the steps of:
(1) immersing a welding gun welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, slowly cooling the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, keeping the temperature for 2-4h, and taking out the hanging basket and heating to room temperature;
(2) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190-;
(3) immersing the processed welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and slowly cooling the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ by the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping the temperature for 4-8 h;
(4) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190 ℃ to ensure that the center of the nozzle is the temperature standard, preserving the temperature for 1-2h, then cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace.
As a further development of the invention, the welding nozzle has a diameter of not more than 30mm and a length of not more than 40 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the temperature in the sealed container in the steps (1) and (3) is reduced at the speed of 5 ℃/min.
According to the invention, the transformation amount of austenite in the alloy is large through the ultra-deep cooling treatment, the sufficient transformation of the austenite is ensured through the arrangement of the heat preservation time, and meanwhile, a large amount of residual stress in the deep cooling treatment process is removed by combining the tempering process, so that the defects of large stress and cracking in the common deep cooling treatment can be overcome, the performance uniformity of the welding nozzle can be improved, the service life of the welding nozzle is prolonged, the resistivity of the welding nozzle is obviously reduced, the conductivity of the welding nozzle is improved, and the transmission of electric energy and heat energy is improved; the frequency of shutdown and installation can be reduced, the production cost is greatly reduced, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and the high-efficiency and environment-friendly effects of industrial production are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of heat treating a Ford welding torch nozzle.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of a scanning electron microscope before and after a Ford welding torch nozzle is processed by the process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of microhardness of various welding nozzles before and after the inventive process.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the change in resistivity of various welding nozzles before and after the inventive process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method of heat treating a welding nozzle, comprising the steps of:
(1) immersing a welding gun welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, slowly cooling the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, keeping the temperature for 2-4h, and taking out the hanging basket and heating to room temperature;
(2) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190-;
(3) immersing the processed welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and slowly cooling the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ by the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping the temperature for 4-8 h;
(4) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190 ℃ to ensure that the center of the nozzle is the temperature standard, preserving the temperature for 1-2h, then cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace.
Wherein the diameter of the welding nozzle is not more than 30mm and the length is not more than 40 mm; and (3) cooling the temperature in the sealed container at the speed of 5 ℃ per minute in the steps (1) and (3).
According to the invention, the transformation amount of austenite in the alloy is large through the ultra-deep cooling treatment, the sufficient transformation of the austenite is ensured through the arrangement of the heat preservation time, and meanwhile, a large amount of residual stress in the deep cooling treatment process is removed by combining the tempering process, so that the defects of large stress and cracking in the common deep cooling treatment can be overcome, the performance uniformity of the welding nozzle can be improved, the service life of the welding nozzle is prolonged, the resistivity of the welding nozzle is obviously reduced, the conductivity of the welding nozzle is improved, and the transmission of electric energy and heat energy is improved; the frequency of shutdown and installation can be reduced, the production cost is greatly reduced, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and the high-efficiency and environment-friendly effects of industrial production are realized.
Example 1
Alloy components (wt%) of welding nozzle of welding gun of Ford company are 0.05-0.26Al, 0.002-0.04Fe, 0.004Mn, 0.004Zn, 0.003-0.005Ag, 0.003Sn, and the rest is Cu; the dimensions were 17mm in diameter and 27.7mm in length.
The heat treatment process scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) immersing a welding gun welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and reducing the temperature in the closed container to-200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping for 2.5 hours;
(2) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3 hours by taking the center of the nozzle as a standard, cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace;
(3) immersing the processed workpiece into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and reducing the temperature in the closed container to-200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping for 6 hours;
(4) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting into an electric furnace at 200 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5h by taking the center of the nozzle as a standard, then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking out from the furnace.
Respectively taking a welding nozzle which is not subjected to the treatment of the invention and a welding nozzle which is subjected to the heat treatment of the invention for comparison experiments, respectively grinding and polishing the two nozzles, then corroding the two nozzles by using a corrosive agent of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid with the mass ratio of 1:1, and placing the corroded welding nozzle under a scanning electron microscope for observation, wherein as shown in figure 2 (a), the copper alloy before the treatment of the invention has large-deformation cold-processed structure distribution, pulled alpha-phase crystal grains are generally accompanied with high-density dislocation formation, and the microstructure of the welding gun welding nozzle after the treatment of the invention shown in figure 2 (b) has small change; the hardness test is carried out, specifically, as can be seen from the microhardness comparison in fig. 3, after the treatment by the process of the present invention, the microhardness is slightly reduced to HV13-20, but the microhardness distribution is relatively uniform after the heat treatment, which undoubtedly has a better influence on the improvement of the performance uniformity.
Example 2
The alloy components (wt%) of the welding gun welding nozzle of Swiss robot company are 0.01Al, 0.29-0.38Cr, 0.01-0.02Fe, 0.003Mn, 0.02Ni, 0.003-0.033Zn, 0.004Ag, 0.01Si, 0.01Zr, 0.006-0.021Sn and the balance of Cu; the dimensions were 12mm in diameter and 21mm in length.
The heat treatment process scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) immersing a welding gun welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and reducing the temperature in the closed container to-210 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping for 2 hours;
(2) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours by taking the center of the nozzle as a standard, cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace;
(3) immersing the processed workpiece into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and reducing the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping for 4 hours;
(4) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 190 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h by taking the core part of the nozzle as a standard, then cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace.
Example 3
The welding gun welding nozzle for laboratory test has alloy components (wt%) of 0.07-0.22Al, 0.002-0.04Fe, 0.005Mn, 0.004Zn, 0.004-Ag, 0.01Sn and the balance Cu; the dimensions were 27mm in diameter and 36.2mm in length.
The heat treatment process scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) immersing a welding gun welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and reducing the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping for about 4 hours;
(2) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 190 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4 hours by taking the core of the nozzle as a standard, cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace;
(3) immersing the processed workpiece into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and reducing the temperature in the closed container to-210 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping for 8 hours;
(4) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours by taking the center of the nozzle as a standard, then cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace.
The results of the resistance test using a resistance tester on the nozzle before and after the use of the invention are shown in FIG. 4, and it can be seen that the electrical resistivity of the welding nozzles of the three copper alloy welding torches of examples 1-3 after the treatment by the process of the invention is greatly reduced to-16.2%, -27.1%, and-25.1%, respectively, i.e. the electrical conductivity of the welding nozzle treated by the process of the invention is improved by 16% -27%.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method of heat treating a welding nozzle, comprising the steps of:
(1) immersing a welding gun welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, slowly cooling the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ through the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, keeping the temperature for 2-4h, and taking out the hanging basket and heating to room temperature;
(2) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190-;
(3) immersing the processed welding nozzle into a closed container by using a hanging basket, and slowly cooling the temperature in the closed container to-190 ℃ to-210 ℃ by the coordination of a liquid nitrogen container pressure valve and a sensor, and keeping the temperature for 4-8 h;
(4) taking out the treated welding nozzle, putting the welding nozzle into an electric furnace at 210 ℃ and 190 ℃ to ensure that the center of the nozzle is the temperature standard, preserving the temperature for 1-2h, then cooling the welding nozzle to room temperature along with the furnace, and taking the welding nozzle out of the furnace.
2. The heat treatment method for a welding nozzle as set forth in claim 1, wherein the welding nozzle has a diameter of not more than 30mm and a length of not more than 40 mm.
3. The heat treatment method for a welding nozzle as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature in the hermetic container in steps (1) and (3) is lowered at a rate of 5 ℃/min.
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| CN202010972256.4A CN112048689A (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2020-09-16 | Heat treatment method of welding nozzle |
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