CN112048308A - Saline-alkali soil restoration agent, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil restoration agent, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112048308A CN112048308A CN202010940038.2A CN202010940038A CN112048308A CN 112048308 A CN112048308 A CN 112048308A CN 202010940038 A CN202010940038 A CN 202010940038A CN 112048308 A CN112048308 A CN 112048308A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil repairing agent, a preparation method and application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding red mud generated by a sintering method into a phosphoric acid solution, adding calcium sulfate and attapulgite, adding potassium fulvate, drying and grinding to obtain a compound A; culturing bacillus subtilis in an LBG culture medium to prepare a bacterial liquid, adding biochar, air-drying and grinding to obtain a compound B; and uniformly mixing the compound A, the compound B and ammonium sulfate to prepare the saline-alkali soil repairing agent. And uniformly spreading the saline-alkali soil restoration agent on the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil according to the amount of 100-. The invention provides a saline-alkali soil restoration agent which is prepared by compounding an organic-inorganic composite nano material and a biological agent, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and convenience. The invention can effectively maintain nutrients, reduce the salt content and pH value near the root system and obviously promote the growth of crops in saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil restoration agent, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of planting.
Background
Currently, soil salinization is a main obstacle factor restricting the agricultural development of China. The saline-alkali soil can be reformed by about 1 hundred million mu in China, and if the treatment and prevention strength is not increased, the agricultural production capacity and the grain safety in China can be directly influenced. Therefore, the improvement of the saline-alkali soil and the full excavation of the production potential of the saline-alkali soil have important strategic significance for promoting the sustainable development of agriculture and ensuring the grain safety.
The salinization of soil is mainly distributed in arid, semiarid or coastal areas, and the formation of the salinization is mainly caused by the following reasons: the rainfall is less, the evaporation is strong, the salt content of the underground water is large, and the water level is higher, so that the underground water is easy to surface gather, and the soil salinization is caused. At present, the saline-alkali soil improvement methods mainly comprise physical methods (soil preparation and water conservancy measures: CN200710179269.0, CN201010256362.9 and the like), microbial methods (CN201010131080.6, CN201310114401.5 and the like) and chemical methods (CN201110095321.0, CN200610017147.7, CN03138949.X and the like). These measures, although effective under certain conditions, each have limitations: the water conservancy method and the chemical improvement method consume a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the phytoremediation method consumes a long time and is limited by climatic conditions, so that the methods are difficult to popularize and apply in a large area and cannot meet the current agricultural development requirements of China.
Therefore, the research and development of a low-cost, efficient and convenient saline-alkali soil remediation technology is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the existing saline-alkali soil restoration method consumes resources and has the technical problem of limitation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of a saline-alkali soil restoration agent, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): adding red mud generated by a sintering method into a phosphoric acid solution, and stirring at the temperature of 20-50 ℃ to obtain a suspension A;
step 2): adding calcium sulfate and attapulgite into the suspension A, and stirring at 30-60 ℃ to obtain a suspension B;
step 3): adding potassium fulvate into the suspension B, stirring at the temperature of 30-60 ℃ to modify fulvic acid functional groups on the surface of the attapulgite, drying and grinding to obtain a compound A;
step 4): culturing bacillus subtilis in an LBG culture medium to prepare a bacterial liquid, adding biochar into the bacterial liquid, stirring at normal temperature, air-drying and grinding to obtain bacillus subtilis-biochar powder, and marking as a compound B;
step 5): and uniformly mixing the compound A, the compound B and ammonium sulfate to prepare the saline-alkali soil repairing agent.
Preferably, in the step 1), the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 4-7mol/L, and the ratio of the red mud to the phosphoric acid solution is (20-40) g: (1-2) L; the mass ratio of the red mud to the calcium sulfate to the attapulgite in the suspension A in the step 2) is (2-4): (1-2): (1-2).
Preferably, the drying temperature in the step 3) is 70-100 ℃ and the drying time is 10-15 h.
Preferably, the LBG medium in step 4) comprises 0.5% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 1% sodium chloride; the culture conditions were: the inoculation amount is 1-2 wt%, the rotation speed is 100-.
Preferably, the adding amount of the biochar in the step 4) is 40-60 g/L.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the compound A, the compound B and the ammonium sulfate in the step 5) is (3-7): (1-3): (2-3).
Preferably, the rotation speed of stirring in the step 1) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 10-30 min; the stirring speed in the step 2) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 5-10 min; the stirring speed in the step 3) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 5-10 min; the rotation speed of stirring in the step 4) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 5-10 min.
Preferably, the mesh number of the red mud, the calcium sulfate, the attapulgite and the ammonium sulfate is 100-200 meshes; the mesh number of the bacillus subtilis-charcoal powder is 200 meshes and 400 meshes.
The invention also provides a saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent.
The invention also provides application of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent, which is characterized in that the saline-alkali soil restoration agent is uniformly spread on the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil according to the amount of 100-200 kg/mu, and rotary tillage is performed.
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil restoration agent which is prepared by compounding an organic-inorganic composite nano material and a biological agent, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and convenience. Compared with plant ash, the biochar disclosed by the invention can obviously improve the survival rate of the bacillus subtilis in the soil. This is mainly due to the high porosity and large specific surface area of the biochar. The bacillus subtilis plays an important role in improving soil micro-ecology, so that the charcoal has a more remarkable effect than plant ash on soil improvement. The invention can effectively maintain nutrients, reduce the salt content and pH value near the root system and obviously promote the growth of crops in saline-alkali soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the reparative agent prepared in example 2 on corn growth.
Detailed Description
In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A preparation method of a saline-alkali soil restoration agent comprises the following steps:
(1): adding 20g of red mud (100 meshes) generated by a sintering method into 1L of 4mol/L phosphoric acid solution, and stirring at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 10min to obtain a suspension a;
(2): adding 10g of calcium sulfate (100 meshes) and 10g of attapulgite (100 meshes) into the suspension a, and stirring at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 100rpm for 5min to obtain a suspension b;
(3): adding 5g of potassium fulvate into the suspension b, stirring at the rotation speed of 100rpm at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 5min to modify a large number of fulvic acid functional groups on the surface of the attapulgite, drying at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 10-15h, and grinding to obtain a compound a;
(4): culturing bacillus subtilis in an LBG culture medium (0.5% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract and 1% sodium chloride) (the inoculation amount is 1%, the rotating speed is 100rpm, the culture time is 24 hours), then adding biochar into a bacterial liquid according to the concentration of 40g/L, stirring at the rotating speed of 100rpm for 5 minutes at normal temperature, air-drying and grinding to obtain 200-mesh bacillus subtilis-charcoal powder, and marking as a compound b;
(5): mixing the compound a, the compound b and ammonium sulfate (100 meshes) according to a weight ratio of 3: 1: 2, uniformly mixing to prepare the saline-alkali soil repairing agent;
(6): and (4) uniformly spreading the saline-alkali soil restoration agent obtained in the step (5) on the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil according to the amount of 100 kg/mu, and carrying out rotary tillage.
Example 2
A preparation method of a saline-alkali soil restoration agent comprises the following steps:
(1): adding 30g of red mud (150 meshes) generated by a sintering method into 1.5L of 5mol/L phosphoric acid solution, and stirring at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm for 20min to obtain suspension a;
(2): adding 15g of calcium sulfate (150 meshes) and 15g of attapulgite (150 meshes) into the suspension a, and stirring at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm for 8min to obtain a suspension b;
(3): adding 7g of potassium fulvate into the suspension b, stirring at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm for 8min to modify a large number of fulvic acid functional groups on the surface of the attapulgite, drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 12h, and grinding to obtain a compound a;
(4): culturing bacillus subtilis in an LBG culture medium (0.5% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract and 1% sodium chloride) (the inoculation amount is 1.5%, the rotating speed is 150rpm, the culture time is 30 hours), then adding biochar into a bacterial solution according to the concentration of 50g/L, stirring at the rotating speed of 200rpm for 8 minutes at normal temperature, air-drying and grinding to obtain 300-mesh bacillus subtilis-charcoal powder, and marking as a compound b;
(5): mixing the compound a, the compound b and ammonium sulfate (150 meshes) according to a weight ratio of 4: 2: 3, uniformly mixing to prepare the saline-alkali soil repairing agent;
(6): and (4) uniformly spreading the saline-alkali soil restoration agent obtained in the step (5) on the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil according to the amount of 150 kg/mu, and carrying out rotary tillage.
The technical effects of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent are as follows:
1. the biochar used by the invention can obviously improve the survival rate of the bacillus subtilis in soil compared with plant ash:
the bacillus subtilis is respectively compounded with the biochar and the plant ash, then the mixture is applied to the soil, the survival rate (viable count/initial viable count multiplied by 100%) of the bacillus subtilis in the soil is measured after 1, 3 and 6 months, and the result is shown in table 1, and the survival rate of the bacillus subtilis in the soil can be obviously improved by the biochar compared with the plant ash. This is mainly due to the high porosity and large specific surface area of the biochar. The bacillus subtilis plays an important role in improving soil micro-ecology, so the result shows that the biochar has more remarkable effect than plant ash in improving soil.
TABLE 1 influence of biochar and plant ash on the survival rate of Bacillus subtilis in soil
| After 1 month | After 3 months | After 6 months | |
| Biochar | 84％ | 82.5％ | 83.4％ |
| Plant ash | 48.2％ | 34.5％ | 31.2％ |
2. The product of the invention can effectively improve the physicochemical property of soil:
the saline-alkali soil restoration agent is uniformly spread on the surface layer of saline-alkali soil (the pH is 9.2 and the salt content is 0.85%) according to the amount of 150 kg/mu, then rotary tillage is carried out, corns are planted, and the physicochemical properties of the soil near the root system are measured after 3 months, so that the results are shown in table 2, and the restoration agent can effectively keep nutrients and reduce the salt content and the pH value near the root system.
TABLE 2 Effect of remediation Agents on soil Properties
3. The product of the invention can effectively promote the agronomic characters of crops:
the saline-alkali soil restoration agent is uniformly spread on the surface layer of soil (pH is 9.2 and salt content is 0.85%) according to the amount of 150 kg/mu, then rotary tillage is carried out, corn is planted, and the agronomic characters of the corn are measured after 3 months, and the results are shown in figure 1 and table 3. It can be seen that the repairing agent can remarkably promote the growth of the corns in the saline-alkali soil.
TABLE 3 Effect of Rehabitant on agronomic traits in maize
Example 3
A preparation method of a saline-alkali soil restoration agent comprises the following steps:
(1): adding 40g of red mud (200 meshes) generated by a sintering method into 2L of 7mol/L phosphoric acid solution, and stirring at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300rpm for 30min to obtain a suspension a;
(2): adding 20g of calcium sulfate (200 meshes) and 20g of attapulgite (200 meshes) into the suspension a, and stirring at the rotating speed of 300rpm at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 10min to obtain a suspension b;
(3): adding 10g of potassium fulvate into the suspension b, stirring at the rotating speed of 300rpm at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 10min to modify a large number of fulvic acid functional groups on the surface of the attapulgite, drying at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 15h, and grinding to obtain a compound a;
(4): culturing bacillus subtilis in an LBG culture medium (0.5% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract and 1% sodium chloride) (the inoculation amount is 2%, the rotating speed is 200rpm, the culture time is 36h), then adding biochar into a bacterial liquid according to the concentration of 60g/L, stirring at the rotating speed of 300rpm for 10min at normal temperature, air-drying and grinding to obtain 400-mesh bacillus subtilis-charcoal powder, and marking as a compound b;
(5): mixing the compound a, the compound b and ammonium sulfate (200 meshes) according to a weight ratio of 7: 3: 3, uniformly mixing to prepare the saline-alkali soil repairing agent;
(6): and (4) uniformly spreading the saline-alkali soil restoration agent obtained in the step (5) on the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil according to the amount of 200 kg/mu, and carrying out rotary tillage.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1): adding red mud generated by a sintering method into a phosphoric acid solution, and stirring at the temperature of 20-50 ℃ to obtain a suspension A;
step 2): adding calcium sulfate and attapulgite into the suspension A, and stirring at 30-60 ℃ to obtain a suspension B;
step 3): adding potassium fulvate into the suspension B, stirring at the temperature of 30-60 ℃ to modify fulvic acid functional groups on the surface of the attapulgite, drying and grinding to obtain a compound A;
step 4): culturing bacillus subtilis in an LBG culture medium to prepare a bacterial liquid, adding biochar into the bacterial liquid, stirring at normal temperature, air-drying and grinding to obtain bacillus subtilis-biochar powder, and marking as a compound B;
step 5): and uniformly mixing the compound A, the compound B and ammonium sulfate to prepare the saline-alkali soil repairing agent.
2. The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent of claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 4-7mol/L, and the ratio of the red mud to the phosphoric acid solution is (20-40) g: (1-2) L; the mass ratio of the red mud to the calcium sulfate to the attapulgite in the suspension A in the step 2) is (2-4): (1-2): (1-2).
3. The method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in the step 3) is 70-100 ℃ and the time is 10-15 hours.
4. The method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent of claim 1 wherein the LBG medium of step 4) comprises, in mass percent, 0.5% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.5% yeast extract, 1% sodium chloride; the culture conditions were: the inoculation amount is 1-2 wt%, the rotation speed is 100-.
5. The method for preparing a saline-alkali soil remediation agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the biochar in the step 4) is 40-60 g/L.
6. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compound A, the compound B and the ammonium sulfate in the step 5) is (3-7): (1-3): (2-3).
7. The method for preparing a repairing agent for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of stirring in the step 1) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 10-30 min; the stirring speed in the step 2) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 5-10 min; the stirring speed in the step 3) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 5-10 min; the rotation speed of stirring in the step 4) is 100-300rpm, and the time is 5-10 min.
8. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil remediation agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the red mud, the calcium sulfate, the attapulgite and the ammonium sulfate is 100-200 meshes; the mesh number of the bacillus subtilis-charcoal powder is 200 meshes and 400 meshes.
9. A saline-alkali soil restoration agent prepared by the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil restoration agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The application of the saline-alkali soil remediation agent as claimed in claim 9, wherein the saline-alkali soil remediation agent is uniformly spread on the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil according to the amount of 100-200 kg/mu, and rotary tillage is performed.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106590684A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-04-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Saline alkali soil restoration agent and preparation method |
| CN107760309A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of composite environment-friendly soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
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- 2020-09-09 CN CN202010940038.2A patent/CN112048308A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106590684A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-04-26 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Saline alkali soil restoration agent and preparation method |
| CN107760309A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-03-06 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of composite environment-friendly soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 姚立阳: "《赤泥沥青与沥青混合料路用性能及黏弹特性》", 30 September 2017, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
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Application publication date: 20201208 |