CN112047690B - Porous concrete composite material for wall - Google Patents

Porous concrete composite material for wall Download PDF

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CN112047690B
CN112047690B CN202010936875.8A CN202010936875A CN112047690B CN 112047690 B CN112047690 B CN 112047690B CN 202010936875 A CN202010936875 A CN 202010936875A CN 112047690 B CN112047690 B CN 112047690B
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邹发明
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
    • C04B20/1066—Oxides, Hydroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/10—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
    • C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
    • C07H3/04—Disaccharides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
    • C07H3/06—Oligosaccharides, i.e. having three to five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H7/00—Compounds containing non-saccharide radicals linked to saccharide radicals by a carbon-to-carbon bond
    • C07H7/02—Acyclic radicals
    • C07H7/033—Uronic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
    • C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0027—2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucans; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/003—Chitin, i.e. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-(beta-1,4)-D-glucan or N-acetyl-beta-1,4-D-glucosamine; Chitosan, i.e. deacetylated product of chitin or (beta-1,4)-D-glucosamine; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
    • C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

The invention provides a porous concrete composite material for a wall, which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of cement, 300-350 parts of broken stone, 50-100 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 60-120 parts of quartz sand, 35-50 parts of reinforced particles, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 3-5 parts of rubber powder, 3-5 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 1.5-2 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1-2 parts of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5-1 part of sodium stearate, 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.3-0.5 part of water reducing agent, 0.5-0.7 part of polyoxyethylene, 0.2-0.5 part of redispersible latex powder and 60-100 parts of water. The concrete material can be used for casting wall buildings with compact structures, excellent impermeability, crack resistance, durability and high compressive strength.

Description

Porous concrete composite material for wall
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of concrete, in particular to a porous concrete composite material for a wall body.
Background
The porous concrete has the characteristics of light weight, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption, sound insulation, fire prevention, non-combustion and the like, and is an energy-saving heat-insulating material widely applied to modern buildings, but most of the existing concrete has higher porosity, larger surface free energy and easy water absorption, the drying shrinkage rate of the concrete is easy to increase after the concrete absorbs water, and the bonding force with plastering mortar is reduced; furthermore, the concrete absorbs a large amount of water, which causes the strength and the heat insulation performance to be reduced, and the freeze-thaw resistance and the durability to be deteriorated.
Therefore, in order to better meet the use requirements, the formula of common concrete needs to be optimized, and a porous concrete composite material capable of pouring a wall body with excellent impermeability, crack resistance, durability and high compressive strength is designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a porous concrete composite material for a wall, which can cast a wall building with excellent impermeability, crack resistance, durability and high compressive strength.
The porous concrete composite material for the wall comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of cement, 300-350 parts of broken stone, 50-100 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 60-120 parts of quartz sand, 35-50 parts of reinforced particles, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 3-5 parts of rubber powder, 3-5 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 1.5-2 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1-2 parts of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5-1 part of sodium stearate, 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.3-0.5 part of water reducing agent, 0.5-0.7 part of polyoxyethylene, 0.2-0.5 part of redispersible latex powder and 60-100 parts of water.
Further, the paint comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 120 parts of cement, 320 parts of broken stone, 70 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 100 parts of quartz sand, 40 parts of reinforced particles, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 4 parts of rubber powder, 4 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 1.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1 part of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5 part of sodium stearate, 1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.5 part of polyoxyethylene, 0.3 part of redispersible latex powder and 90 parts of water.
Further, the preparation method of the modified palygorskite powder comprises the following steps:
putting palygorskite powder into N, N-dimethylformamide according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1-2 g:0.5L, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 10-15 min to form a suspension, then adding tartaric acid solution into the suspension according to the mass ratio of palygorskite to tartaric acid of 10: 2-3, performing ultrasonic full dispersion, putting the obtained suspension into a constant-temperature oscillator at 60 ℃, reacting for 4h, then putting the obtained suspension into a rotary evaporator at 80 ℃ for reacting for 2h, filtering the obtained reaction material, collecting and cleaning the obtained solid to be neutral, finally, performing vacuum drying on the cleaned solid, and crushing to obtain the modified palygorskite powder.
Further, the reinforcing particles are a densified graphene reinforced silicon carbide composite material, and the particle size of the reinforcing particles is 3-5 mm;
the preparation method of the reinforced particles comprises the following steps:
(1) adding ascorbic acid into 100mL of graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2mg/mL according to the mass ratio of the graphene oxide to the ascorbic acid of 1:3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to fully disperse the ascorbic acid in the graphene oxide aqueous solution, placing the obtained mixed material in a reaction kettle at 100 ℃ for 8h, then sequentially performing dialysis treatment and vacuum freeze drying treatment to prepare graphene oxide aerogel, and finally performing heat treatment reduction at 1000 ℃ to prepare a graphene porous preform for later use;
(2) vacuum dipping the graphene porous preform in a polycarbosilane organic solution with the mass percent of polycarbosilane being 60%, drying and curing at 150 ℃ to obtain a graphene porous preform containing polycarbosilane, performing pyrolysis treatment on the obtained graphene porous preform containing polycarbosilane, and then continuing to perform vacuum dipping and pyrolysis treatment on the obtained material, circulating for 6 times, thus obtaining the densified graphene reinforced silicon carbide composite material; the pyrolysis comprises the following specific process steps:
a. placing the material in a high-temperature furnace, washing gas, vacuumizing the furnace to 3kPa, and introducing inert Ar as protective gas at the flow rate of 80mL/min to enable the furnace to be in a micro-positive pressure state;
b. heating the furnace temperature to 1600 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, keeping the high temperature for processing for 30min, naturally cooling the material to room temperature, and then stopping introducing Ar;
the polycarbosilane organic solution is a xylene solution of polycarbosilane or an N-methylpyrrolidone solution of polycarbosilane, the adopted graphene oxide, N-methylpyrrolidone and polycarbosilane are analytically pure, and the purity of Ar is more than 99.999%.
Further, the shell of the oil-containing microcapsule is a silicon dioxide hollow microsphere, and the capsule core is isobutyl triethoxysilane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying the silica hollow microspheres under the pressure of 10 3 Soaking in isobutyl triethoxysilane under Pa for vacuum impregnation for 12h, filtering, washing, and drying to obtain oil-containing microcapsule; wherein the average particle size of the silica hollow microspheres is 50 μm, and the shell thickness of the silica hollow microspheres is 1-2 μm; in the obtained oil-containing microcapsule, the mass fraction of the isobutyl triethoxysilane is 30-60%.
Further, the preparation method of the carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps: adding TEMPO and NaBr into a chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 10:1:5, fully mixing, placing in a low-temperature bath at 10 ℃, dropwise adding a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 30%, dropwise adding sodium hypochlorite and chitosan oligosaccharide according to the molar ratio of 1:1, controlling the pH of a reaction system to be 10-10.5, and reacting for 2 hours; and after the reaction is finished, adding a proper amount of saturated sodium sulfite solution into the reaction solution to terminate the reaction, adding the obtained mixed solution into ethanol for precipitation, filtering, washing the precipitate to be neutral, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide.
Furthermore, the particle size of the crushed stone is 10-20 mm, and the part with the particle size of 10-15 mm is not less than 30%.
Further, the length of the polypropylene fiber is 10-15 mm; the rubber powder is ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber powder; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the particle size of the quartz sand is not more than 0.5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the porous concrete comprises the following raw materials of cement, broken stone, modified palygorskite powder, quartz sand, reinforced particles, polypropylene fiber, rubber powder, oil-containing microcapsules, nano silicon dioxide, carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, sodium stearate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, a water reducing agent, polyethylene oxide, redispersible latex powder and water according to a specific mass ratio, and after the raw materials are mixed, a wall building with a compact structure and excellent impermeability, crack resistance, durability and higher compressive strength can be cast by utilizing the synergistic cooperation of the raw material components.
The modified palygorskite powder adopted by the invention is subjected to modification treatment, tartaric acid is grafted on the palygorskite powder, the cement hydration hardening can be properly delayed, more time is provided for the diffusion and permeation of other active ingredients, and meanwhile, the palygorskite powder is rich in active silicon oxide, active magnesium oxide and active aluminum oxide, can react with the cement, and the compactness of the concrete is increased; the densified graphene reinforced silicon carbide composite material with high strength and excellent fracture toughness is used as the reinforced particles, so that the overall strength of the concrete matrix can be improved; the sodium stearate can react with calcium ions in pores of a concrete matrix to generate a precipitate, and simultaneously generate a small amount of sodium hydroxide, the sodium hydroxide can continuously flow through other pores of the concrete and can react with unhydrated clinker to obtain silicate and metaaluminate, and the silicate and the metaaluminate can react with soluble complex formed by contacting carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide flowing in the pores and sodium dodecyl sulfate chelating the calcium ions to form calcium silicate and calcium aluminate minerals to block the pores of the concrete; the nano silicon dioxide can be used for filling concrete pores, so that the compactness of concrete is improved; with the hardening of cement, the oil-containing microcapsules dispersed in the cement are gradually broken by extrusion, and the isobutyl triethoxy silane in the microcapsules is extruded into a concrete matrix and reacts with water molecules in the matrix to form a deep waterproof layer to inhibit the absorption of water; the rubber powder can absorb the shrinkage stress in the concrete; the polyethylene oxide, the redispersible latex powder and the like can improve the cohesiveness of the concrete, and the polyethylene oxide is also helpful for assisting other raw materials to realize better dispersion; the polypropylene fiber can play a role in connection and toughening.
According to the invention, through the synergistic cooperation of the components, the full reaction of a poured concrete matrix can be ensured, the development and occurrence of micro cracks are reduced, the pores of the concrete can be reduced, the compactness of the concrete is greatly increased, and the poured matrix structure is compact and has excellent impermeability, crack resistance, durability and higher compressive strength.
Detailed Description
The following are specific examples:
example one
The porous concrete composite material for the wall provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 100 parts of portland cement, 300 parts of broken stone, 50 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 60 parts of quartz sand, 35 parts of reinforcing particles, 1 part of polypropylene fiber, 3 parts of rubber powder, 3 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 1.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1 part of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5 part of sodium stearate, 1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.5 part of water reducing agent, 0.5 part of polyoxyethylene, 0.2 part of redispersible latex powder and 60 parts of water.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the modified palygorskite powder comprises the following steps:
putting palygorskite powder into N, N-dimethylformamide according to the mass-to-volume ratio of 1g:0.5L, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 10min to form a suspension, then adding tartaric acid solution into the suspension according to the mass ratio of palygorskite to tartaric acid of 10:2, performing ultrasonic full dispersion, putting the obtained suspension into a constant-temperature oscillator at 60 ℃, reacting for 4h, putting the obtained suspension into a rotary evaporator at 80 ℃ for reacting for 2h, filtering the obtained reaction material, collecting and cleaning the obtained filtered solid to be neutral, and finally, performing vacuum drying and crushing on the cleaned solid to obtain the modified palygorskite powder.
In the embodiment, the reinforcing particles are a densified graphene reinforced silicon carbide composite material, and the particle size of the reinforcing particles is 3-5 mm;
the preparation method of the reinforced particles comprises the following steps:
(1) adding ascorbic acid into 100mL of graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2mg/mL according to the mass ratio of the graphene oxide to the ascorbic acid of 1:3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to fully disperse the ascorbic acid in the graphene oxide aqueous solution, placing the obtained mixed material in a reaction kettle at 100 ℃ for 8h, then sequentially performing dialysis treatment and vacuum freeze drying treatment to obtain graphene oxide aerogel, and finally performing heat treatment reduction at 1000 ℃ to obtain a graphene porous preform for later use;
(2) vacuum dipping the graphene porous preform in a polycarbosilane organic solution with the mass percent of polycarbosilane being 60%, drying and curing at 150 ℃ to obtain a graphene porous preform containing polycarbosilane, performing pyrolysis treatment on the obtained graphene porous preform containing polycarbosilane, and then continuing to perform vacuum dipping and pyrolysis treatment on the obtained material, circulating for 6 times, thus obtaining the densified graphene reinforced silicon carbide composite material; the pyrolysis comprises the following specific process steps:
a. placing the material in a high-temperature furnace, washing gas, vacuumizing the furnace to 3kPa, and introducing inert Ar as protective gas at the flow rate of 80mL/min to enable the furnace to be in a micro-positive pressure state;
b. heating the furnace temperature to 1600 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, keeping the high temperature for processing for 30min, naturally cooling the material to room temperature, and then stopping introducing Ar;
wherein the polycarbosilane organic solution is a dimethylbenzene solution of polycarbosilane or an N-methylpyrrolidone solution of polycarbosilane, the adopted graphene oxide, N-methylpyrrolidone and polycarbosilane are analytically pure, and the purity of Ar is more than 99.999%.
In this embodiment, the shell of the oil-containing microcapsule is a silica hollow microsphere, and the core is isobutyltriethoxysilane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying the silica hollow microspheres inPressure of 10 3 Soaking in isobutyl triethoxysilane under Pa for vacuum impregnation for 12h, filtering, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain oil-containing microcapsule; wherein the average particle size of the silicon dioxide hollow microspheres is 50 micrometers, and the thickness of the shell of the silicon dioxide hollow microspheres is 1-2 micrometers; in the obtained oil-containing microcapsule, the mass fraction of the isobutyl triethoxysilane is 30-60%.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps: adding TEMPO and NaBr into a chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 10:1:5, fully mixing, placing in a low-temperature bath at 10 ℃, then dropwise adding a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 30%, dropwise adding sodium hypochlorite and chitosan oligosaccharide according to the molar ratio of 1:1, controlling the pH of a reaction system to be 10-10.5 (regulating the pH by adding sodium hydroxide), and reacting for 2 h. And after the reaction is finished, adding a proper amount of saturated sodium sulfite solution into the reaction solution to terminate the reaction, adding the obtained mixed solution into ethanol for precipitation, filtering, washing the precipitate to be neutral, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide.
In the embodiment, the particle size of the crushed stone is 10-20 mm, wherein the part with the particle size of 10-15 mm is not less than 30%.
In the embodiment, the length of the polypropylene fiber is 10-15 mm; the rubber powder is ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber powder; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the grain size of the quartz sand is not more than 0.5 mm.
In this embodiment, the nano-silica is modified by a silane coupling agent.
Other raw material components in this example are commercially available.
Example two
The porous concrete composite material for the wall provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 120 parts of silicate cement, 320 parts of broken stone, 70 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 100 parts of quartz sand, 40 parts of reinforced particles, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 4 parts of rubber powder, 4 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 1.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1 part of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5 part of sodium stearate, 1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.5 part of polyethylene oxide, 0.3 part of redispersible latex powder and 90 parts of water.
All the components adopted in the embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and only the dosage relation of the components is changed.
EXAMPLE III
The porous concrete composite material for the wall provided by the embodiment comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
150 parts of portland cement, 350 parts of broken stone, 100 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 120 parts of quartz sand, 50 parts of reinforcing particles, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 5 parts of rubber powder, 5 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 2 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2 parts of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 1 part of sodium stearate, 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.7 part of polyethylene oxide, 0.5 part of redispersible latex powder and 100 parts of water.
All the components adopted in the embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and only the dosage relation of the components is changed.
After concrete test pieces are poured by adopting the concrete composite materials in the first to third embodiments, the concrete test pieces are cured according to a conventional curing mode, and then the compressive strength and the water permeability resistance of the test pieces are tested, wherein the reference standards include GB/T50081-2002 Standard test method for mechanical properties of common concrete, GB/T50082-2009 Standard test method for Long-term Performance and durability of common concrete, JGJT193-2009 test and evaluation Standard for durability of concrete,
the results are given in the following table:
test item Example one Example two EXAMPLE III
28d compressive strength/MPa 78.6 82.1 79.5
Water penetration height/mm 6.9 6.2 6.7
Early crack resistance rating Ⅴ Ⅴ Ⅴ
As can be seen from the table, the concrete provided by the invention can be used for pouring test pieces with higher compressive strength, excellent impermeability and crack resistance.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The porous concrete composite material for the wall is characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of cement, 300-350 parts of broken stone, 50-100 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 60-120 parts of quartz sand, 35-50 parts of reinforced particles, 1-2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 3-5 parts of rubber powder, 3-5 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 1.5-2 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1-2 parts of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5-1 part of sodium stearate, 0.5-1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.3-0.5 part of water reducing agent, 0.5-0.7 part of polyoxyethylene, 0.2-0.5 part of redispersible latex powder and 60-100 parts of water; the preparation method of the modified palygorskite powder comprises the following steps:
putting palygorskite powder into N, N-dimethylformamide according to the mass-volume ratio of 1-2 g:0.5L, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 10-15 min to form a suspension, then adding tartaric acid solution into the suspension according to the mass ratio of palygorskite to tartaric acid of 10: 2-3, performing ultrasonic full dispersion, putting the obtained suspension into a constant-temperature oscillator at 60 ℃ for reaction for 4h, then putting the obtained suspension into a rotary evaporator at 80 ℃ for reaction for 2h, filtering the obtained reaction material, collecting and cleaning the obtained solid to be neutral, finally, performing vacuum drying on the cleaned solid, and crushing to obtain the modified palygorskite powder; the preparation method of the carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide comprises the following steps of: adding TEMPO and NaBr into a chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 10:1:5, fully mixing, placing in a low-temperature bath at 10 ℃, dropwise adding a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 30%, dropwise adding sodium hypochlorite and chitosan oligosaccharide according to the molar ratio of 1:1, controlling the pH of a reaction system to be 10-10.5, and reacting for 2 hours; after the reaction is finished, adding a proper amount of saturated sodium sulfite solution into the reaction solution to terminate the reaction, adding the obtained mixed solution into ethanol for precipitation, filtering, washing the precipitate to be neutral, and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain the carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide;
the preparation method of the reinforced particles comprises the following steps:
(1) adding ascorbic acid into 100mL of graphene oxide aqueous solution with the concentration of 2mg/mL according to the mass ratio of the graphene oxide to the ascorbic acid of 1:3, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to fully disperse the ascorbic acid in the graphene oxide aqueous solution, placing the obtained mixed material in a reaction kettle at 100 ℃ for 8h, then sequentially performing dialysis treatment and vacuum freeze drying treatment to obtain graphene oxide aerogel, and finally performing heat treatment reduction at 1000 ℃ to obtain a graphene porous preform for later use;
(2) and (2) vacuum-dipping the graphene porous preform in a polycarbosilane organic solution with the mass percent of polycarbosilane being 60%, drying and curing at 150 ℃ to obtain the graphene porous preform containing polycarbosilane, performing pyrolysis treatment on the obtained graphene porous preform containing polycarbosilane, continuously performing vacuum dipping and pyrolysis treatment on the obtained material through pyrolysis in the polycarbosilane organic solution, and circulating for 6 times to obtain the densified graphene reinforced silicon carbide composite material.
2. The cellular concrete composite material for walls according to claim 1, wherein: the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120 parts of cement, 320 parts of broken stone, 70 parts of modified palygorskite powder, 100 parts of quartz sand, 40 parts of reinforced particles, 2 parts of polypropylene fiber, 4 parts of rubber powder, 4 parts of oil-containing microcapsule, 1.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1 part of carboxyl chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.5 part of sodium stearate, 1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.5 part of polyethylene oxide, 0.3 part of redispersible latex powder and 90 parts of water.
3. The cellular concrete composite material for walls according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the particle size of the crushed stone is 10-20 mm, and the part with the particle size of 10-15 mm is not less than 30%.
4. The cellular concrete composite material for walls according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the length of the polypropylene fiber is 10-15 mm; the rubber powder is ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber powder; the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; the grain size of the quartz sand is not more than 0.5 mm.
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CN110078058A (en) * 2019-04-08 2019-08-02 南京工业大学 Three-dimensional porous graphene-polymer precursor conversion ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof
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CN111362637A (en) * 2020-03-15 2020-07-03 重庆金石源电力线路器材有限公司 Cement-based telegraph pole

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US8951343B2 (en) * 2012-08-31 2015-02-10 Metna Co. Ultra high performance concrete reinforced with low-cost graphite nanomaterials and microfibers, and method for production thereof

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CN110078058A (en) * 2019-04-08 2019-08-02 南京工业大学 Three-dimensional porous graphene-polymer precursor conversion ceramic composite material and preparation method thereof
CN110078515A (en) * 2019-04-15 2019-08-02 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 A kind of preparation method of graphene oxide modified carbon fiber enhancing carbon/silicon carbide ceramic matrix composite
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