CN112047400A - Waste activated carbon disposal device and disposal method thereof - Google Patents
Waste activated carbon disposal device and disposal method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112047400A CN112047400A CN202011038194.6A CN202011038194A CN112047400A CN 112047400 A CN112047400 A CN 112047400A CN 202011038194 A CN202011038194 A CN 202011038194A CN 112047400 A CN112047400 A CN 112047400A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 5
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910021604 Rhodium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 radical salt Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001529 polyepoxysuccinic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTEDZFORYFITAF-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Rh+3] KTEDZFORYFITAF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- TYLYVJBCMQFRCB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlororhodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] TYLYVJBCMQFRCB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G55/00—Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
- C01G55/005—Halides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/14—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G39/00—Compounds of molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a disposal device and a disposal method for waste activated carbon, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The technical scheme is that the device comprises a combustion chamber, a cooling chamber, a separation chamber, a primary filter chamber, a secondary filter chamber, an external steaming kettle, a drying box and a tail gas purification device, wherein the upper end of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber carbon inlet, the lower side end of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber air inlet, the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber ash outlet, waste activated carbon is fed from the combustion chamber carbon inlet, and the combustion chamber air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere; the two ends of the cooling chamber are respectively provided with a cooling chamber inlet and a cooling chamber outlet, and the cooling chamber inlet is connected with the ash outlet of the combustion chamber. Aiming at the treatment of the waste activated carbon containing a single catalyst, the invention effectively recovers the high-purity metal inorganic salt catalyst by a series of water washing, acidification and alkalization separation treatments of ash of the waste activated carbon through complete firing, thereby changing waste into valuable and creating value; the device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in modification, putting and use, no generation of three wastes, safety, environmental protection and contribution to large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a disposal device and a disposal method for waste activated carbon, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment.
Background
According to national regulations, waste activated carbon belongs to hazardous waste and must be disposed of by professional departments with relevant qualifications. The waste activated carbon is used as a dangerous article, and because the activated carbon is very easy to saturate, the waste activated carbon not only can absorb impurities in products, but also can adsorb a large amount of expensive metal inorganic salt catalysts, such as chloride or acid salts containing platinum, molybdenum, rhodium, silver and the like, in a plurality of organic production processes. Therefore, many enterprises pay to purchase new activated carbon and dispose of waste activated carbon, and pay for expensive metal catalysts continuously, thereby increasing the production and operation costs.
To address this problem, various solutions have been proposed from different layers. The chemical and physical methods are used to recycle the waste activated carbon, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the cost. Most of the method treats some activated carbon which adsorbs easily desorbed impurities, the treatment mode is simple, but the regeneration rate and the regeneration effect are general, and the reduction of the production cost is limited; meanwhile, the adsorption of the activated carbon has the advantages of tight adsorption, difficult desorption and difficult separation, so that the metal inorganic salt catalyst adsorbed in the final production is often taken as solid waste together with the waste activated carbon for incineration disposal.
In conclusion, if the precious metal catalyst can be separated and recovered while the waste activated carbon is treated at the terminal and reused for enterprise production, the cost of the whole production and disposal link can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the invention provides a disposal device for waste activated carbon.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention also provides a disposal device and a disposal method for waste activated carbon, which effectively utilize resources of enterprises and hazardous waste disposal facilities and reduce costs.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the waste activated carbon treatment device comprises a combustion chamber, a cooling chamber, a separation chamber, a primary filter chamber, a secondary filter chamber, an external steaming kettle, a drying box and a tail gas purification device, wherein the upper end of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber carbon inlet, the lower side end of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber air inlet, the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber ash outlet, waste activated carbon is fed from the combustion chamber carbon inlet, and the combustion chamber air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere;
the two ends of the cooling chamber are respectively provided with a cooling chamber inlet and a cooling chamber outlet, and the cooling chamber inlet is connected with an ash outlet of the combustion chamber;
the upper end of the separation chamber is provided with a separation chamber air outlet, the lower side end of the separation chamber is provided with a separation chamber inlet, the bottom of the separation chamber is provided with a separation chamber ash outlet, and the separation chamber inlet is connected with a cooling chamber outlet;
the upper end of the primary filtering chamber is provided with a primary filtering ash inlet, the lower side end of the primary filtering chamber is provided with a primary filtering solid outlet, the bottom of the primary filtering chamber is provided with a primary filtering liquid outlet, the outer wall of the primary filtering chamber is provided with a circulating cooling water device, the primary filtering ash inlet is connected with an ash outlet of the separating chamber, and the primary filtering solid outlet is connected with a metal oxide containing tank;
the upper end of the secondary filtering chamber is provided with a secondary filtering liquid inlet, the lower end of the side of the secondary filtering chamber is provided with a secondary filtering solid outlet, the bottom of the secondary filtering liquid outlet is provided with a secondary filtering liquid outlet, the outer wall of the secondary filtering liquid inlet is provided with a circulating cooling water device, and the secondary filtering liquid inlet is connected with the primary filtering liquid outlet;
the upper end of the outer steaming kettle is provided with an outer steaming kettle feed inlet and an outer steaming kettle gas outlet, the lower end of the outer steaming kettle is provided with an outer steaming kettle discharge outlet, the outer steaming kettle feed inlet is respectively connected with a secondary filtering solid outlet and a secondary filtering liquid outlet through a first tee joint and a second tee joint, and the outer steaming kettle gas outlet is connected with an outer steaming water cooling device;
the drying cabinet upper end is equipped with the drying cabinet feed inlet, and the lower extreme is equipped with the drying cabinet discharge gate, the cauldron discharge gate is evaporated outward in the connection of drying cabinet feed inlet, the inorganic salt storage tank is connected to the drying cabinet discharge gate.
Furthermore, the outer walls of the first-stage filter chamber and the second-stage filter chamber are respectively provided with a shell-and-tube type constant temperature heat exchanger.
Further, the tail gas cleanup unit both ends are equipped with tail gas purification air inlet and tail gas purification gas outlet respectively, and inside contains denitrogenation unit and the desulfurization unit and establishes ties, the separation chamber gas outlet is connected to the tail gas purification air inlet, the tail gas purification gas outlet passes through draught fan intercommunication atmosphere.
Furthermore, the temperature range of the combustion chamber is 600-800 ℃, the waste activated carbon treated by the combustion chamber is of a single type, the recovered expensive catalyst is directionally supplied, and a plurality of combustion chambers can be connected in parallel according to actual conditions.
Further, the outlet temperature of the cooling chamber is controlled within 200-500 ℃, and preferably 300-400 ℃.
Further, the separation chamber may be a split-flow inertial separator or a cyclone separator.
Further, the temperature of the primary filtering chamber is controlled to be 20-100 ℃, preferably 50-70 ℃, and the pH value of the primary filtering chamber is controlled to be 4-5.
Further, the temperature of the secondary filtering chamber is controlled to be 10-50 ℃, preferably 20-30 ℃, and the pH value of the secondary filtering chamber is controlled to be 11-12.
Further, the working pressure in the external steaming kettle is 30-101 kPa, when the catalyst exists in a chloride mode, the working pH range in the kettle is 4-6, and when the catalyst exists in an acid radical salt mode, the working pH range in the kettle is 7-9.
Furthermore, a valve and a transmission pump are connected in series on a pipeline connected with the liquid outlet of the first-stage filtering chamber and the liquid inlet of the second-stage filtering chamber, valves are connected in series on pipelines correspondingly connected with the first tee joint and the second tee joint, and a transmission pump is connected in series on a pipeline connected with the feed inlet of the outer steaming kettle.
A method for disposing of waste activated carbon by using a disposal device of waste activated carbon,
comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
1) adding the waste activated carbon into a combustion chamber, fully combusting, and primarily cooling ash in a cooling chamber;
2) introducing the cooled ash into a cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, removing sulfur and nitrogen from the separated gas by a tail gas purification device, then placing the gas into the atmosphere, and introducing the separated solid ash into a primary filter chamber;
3) in the first filtering chamber, the solid ash is dissolved in liquid and the solid metal oxide is separated out under proper conditions;
4) transferring the filtered liquid into a secondary filter chamber, separating out hydroxide precipitate again under alkaline condition,
5) and transferring the hydroxide precipitate into an external steaming kettle, adjusting the pH of the system to acidity by using hydrochloric acid, externally steaming until water is nearly dry, transferring the wet solid into a drying oven at 90 ℃, and drying to obtain a recovered substance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the treatment of the waste activated carbon containing a single catalyst, the invention effectively recovers the high-purity metal inorganic salt catalyst by a series of water washing, acidification and alkalization separation treatments of ash of the waste activated carbon through complete firing, thereby changing waste into valuable and creating value; the device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation, easy transformation, putting in use, no generation of three wastes, safety, environmental protection and contribution to large-scale popularization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the devices according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. combustion chamber, 101, combustion chamber carbon inlet, 102, combustion chamber air inlet, 103, combustion chamber ash outlet, 2, cooling chamber, 201, cooling chamber inlet, 202, cooling chamber outlet, 3, separation chamber, 301, separation chamber inlet, 302, separation chamber air outlet, 303, separation chamber ash outlet, 4, primary filter chamber, 401, primary filter ash inlet, 402, primary filter solid outlet, 403, primary filter liquid outlet, 5, secondary filter chamber, 501, secondary filter liquid inlet, 502, secondary filter liquid outlet, 503, secondary filter solid outlet, 6, outer steaming kettle, 601, outer steaming kettle feed inlet, 602, outer steaming kettle air outlet, 603, outer steaming kettle discharge outlet, 7, drying box, 701, drying box feed inlet, 702, drying box discharge outlet, 8, tail gas purification device, 801, tail gas purification air inlet, 802, tail gas outlet, 9, induced draft fan, 10. a first tee joint 11 and a second tee joint.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the description of specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a device for disposing waste activated carbon, which has a structure shown in figure 1 and comprises a combustion chamber 1, a cooling chamber 2, a separation chamber 3, a primary filter chamber 4, a secondary filter chamber 5, an external steaming kettle 6, a drying box 7 and a tail gas purification device 8, wherein inlets and outlets of all the components are connected in series.
The structure and connection of the various components will be further described,
the upper end of the combustion chamber is provided with a charcoal inlet 101, the lower side end is provided with an air inlet 102, the bottom is provided with an ash outlet 103, waste activated carbon is added from the charcoal inlet, and the air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere. The temperature range of the combustion chamber is 600-800 ℃, the waste activated carbon treated by the combustion chamber is of a single type, the recovered expensive catalyst is directionally supplied, and the number of the combustion chambers can be connected in parallel according to the actual condition.
An inlet 201 and an outlet 202 are respectively arranged at two ends of the cooling chamber, and the inlet of the cooling chamber is connected with an ash outlet of the combustion chamber. The outlet temperature of the cooling chamber is controlled within 200-500 ℃, and preferably 300-400 ℃.
The upper end of the separation chamber is provided with an air outlet 302, the lower end of the side of the separation chamber is provided with an inlet 301, the bottom of the separation chamber is provided with an ash outlet 303, and the inlet is connected with an outlet of the cooling chamber. The separation chamber may be a split-flow inertial separator or a cyclone separator.
First-order filter chamber upper end is equipped with first-order filtration and advances ash mouth 401, and the side lower extreme is equipped with first-order filtration solid export 403, and the bottom is equipped with first-order filtration and crosses liquid mouth 402, and the outer wall is equipped with recirculated cooling water device, and first-order filtration advances ash mouth and connects the separation chamber ash outlet, and the jar is accomodate to first-order filtration solid exit linkage metallic oxide. The temperature of the primary filtering chamber is controlled to be 20-100 ℃, preferably 50-70 ℃, and the pH value of the primary filtering chamber is controlled to be 4-5.
The upper end of the secondary filtering chamber is provided with a liquid inlet 501, the lower end of the side is provided with a solid outlet 502, the bottom is provided with a liquid outlet 503, the outer wall is provided with a circulating cooling water device, and the liquid inlet is connected with the liquid outlet of the primary filtering chamber. The temperature of the secondary filtering chamber is controlled to be 10-50 ℃, preferably 20-30 ℃, and the pH value of the secondary filtering chamber is controlled to be 11-12.
A valve and a transmission pump are connected in series on a pipeline connected with the primary filtering liquid outlet and the secondary filtering liquid inlet, valves are connected in series on pipelines correspondingly connected with the first tee joint and the second tee joint, and a transmission pump is connected in series on a pipeline connected with the feed inlet of the outer steaming kettle and the second tee joint
Outer steaming still upper end is equipped with outer steaming still feed inlet 601 and outer steaming still gas outlet 602, and the lower extreme is equipped with outer steaming still discharge gate 603, and the outer wall is equipped with shell and tube type constant temperature heat exchanger, outer steaming still feed inlet is connected with second grade filtration solid outlet, second grade filtration liquid outlet respectively through first tee bend 10 and second tee bend 11, outer steaming still gas outlet connection outer distilled water cooling device. The working pressure in the external steaming kettle is 30-101 kPa, when the catalyst exists in a chloride mode, the working pH range in the kettle is 4-6, and when the catalyst exists in an acid radical salt mode, the working pH range in the kettle is 7-9.
The drying cabinet upper end is equipped with drying cabinet feed inlet 701, and the lower extreme is equipped with drying cabinet discharge gate 702, the outer cauldron discharge gate that evaporates is connected to the drying cabinet feed inlet, the inorganic salt storage tank is connected to the drying cabinet discharge gate.
Tail gas cleanup unit both ends are equipped with tail gas purification air inlet 801 and tail gas purification gas outlet 802 respectively, and inside contains denitrogenation unit and the desulfurization unit and establishes ties, the separation chamber gas outlet is connected to the tail gas purification air inlet, the tail gas purification gas outlet passes through draught fan 9 intercommunication atmosphere.
When the equipment is used, the waste activated carbon treatment containing different catalysts is taken as an example:
example 1, spent activated carbon containing rhodium chloride catalyst was treated.
5000kg of waste activated carbon containing 0.32 percent of rhodium trichloride and 0.79 percent of high molecular polyolefin is treated.
5000kg of waste activated carbon is added into a combustion chamber, the waste activated carbon is fully combusted at the temperature of 650 ℃, ash of the waste activated carbon is initially cooled to about 350 ℃ through a cooling chamber, gas-solid separation is carried out by introducing the gas into a cyclone separator, the gas is put into the atmosphere after sulfur and nitrogen are removed through a tail gas purification device, the solid enters a primary filter chamber, insoluble metal oxides such as ferric oxide and the like are separated out at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the pH value of 4.3, liquid containing rhodium trichloride is transferred into a secondary filter chamber, rhodium hydroxide solid is separated out again at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the pH value of 11.7, the solid is transferred into an external steaming kettle, the pH value of a system is adjusted to 4.0 by hydrochloric acid, water is evaporated to be nearly dry at the pressure of 50kPa, wet solid is transferred into a drying box at the temperature of 90 ℃, and is dried.
The rhodium trichloride trihydrate is detected to have the yield of 95.4 percent and the purity of 98.7 percent.
Example 2, spent activated carbon containing sodium molybdate catalyst was treated.
5000kg of waste activated carbon containing 0.26% of sodium molybdate and 0.93% of polyepoxysuccinic acid was treated.
Adding 5000kg of waste activated carbon into a combustion chamber, fully combusting at 750 ℃, primarily cooling ash of the waste activated carbon to about 400 ℃ through a cooling chamber, introducing the ash into a cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, removing sulfur and nitrogen from gas through a tail gas purification device, then placing the gas into the atmosphere, introducing solid into a primary filter chamber, separating insoluble metal oxides such as ferric oxide and the like at 50 ℃ and pH4.7, transferring liquid containing sodium molybdate into a secondary filter chamber, separating out solid impurities again at 40 ℃ and pH12.0, transferring the residual liquid into an external steaming kettle, adjusting the pH of the system to 8.0 by using hydrochloric acid, evaporating water to separate out sodium chloride at 101kPa to separate out sodium chloride, continuously steaming to be nearly dry, transferring wet solid into a drying box at 100 ℃, and drying to obtain 12.23kg of sodium molybdate.
The sodium molybdate yield is 92.3 percent and the purity is 98.1 percent through detection.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A disposal device for waste activated carbon is characterized by comprising a combustion chamber (1), a cooling chamber (2), a separation chamber (3), a primary filter chamber (4), a secondary filter chamber (5), an external steaming kettle (6) and a drying box (7),
the upper end of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber carbon inlet (101), the lower side end is provided with a combustion chamber air inlet (102), the bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber ash outlet (103), waste activated carbon is added from the combustion chamber carbon inlet, and the combustion chamber air inlet is communicated with the atmosphere;
the two ends of the cooling chamber are provided with a cooling chamber inlet (201) and a cooling chamber outlet (202), and the cooling chamber inlet (201) is connected with an ash outlet (103) of the combustion chamber;
the upper end of the separation chamber is provided with a separation chamber air outlet (302), the lower side end of the separation chamber is provided with a separation chamber inlet (301), the bottom of the separation chamber is provided with a separation chamber ash outlet (303), and the separation chamber inlet (301) is connected with a cooling chamber outlet (202);
the upper end of the first-stage filter chamber is provided with an ash inlet (401), the lower side end is provided with a first-stage filtering solid outlet (403), the bottom is provided with a first-stage filtering liquid outlet (402), and the ash inlet is connected with an ash outlet (303) of the separation chamber;
the upper end of the secondary filtering chamber is provided with a secondary filtering liquid inlet (501), the lower end of the secondary filtering chamber is provided with a secondary filtering solid outlet (502), the bottom of the secondary filtering chamber is provided with a secondary filtering liquid outlet (503), and the secondary filtering liquid inlet is connected with the primary filtering liquid outlet (402);
the upper end of the outer steaming kettle is provided with an outer steaming kettle feed inlet (601) and an outer steaming kettle gas outlet (602), the lower end of the outer steaming kettle is provided with an outer steaming kettle discharge outlet (603), the outer steaming kettle feed inlet is respectively connected with a secondary filtering solid outlet and a secondary filtering liquid outlet through a first tee joint (10) and a second tee joint (11), and the outer steaming kettle gas outlet is connected with an outer steaming water cooling device;
the drying cabinet upper end is equipped with drying cabinet feed inlet (701), and the lower extreme is equipped with drying cabinet discharge gate (702), outer cauldron discharge gate (603) of evaporating is connected in drying cabinet feed inlet (701), inorganic salt storage tank is connected in drying cabinet discharge gate (702).
2. A waste activated carbon disposal apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the primary filtering chamber is provided with a circulating cooling water means, and the outer wall of the secondary filtering chamber is provided with a circulating cooling water means.
3. A waste activated carbon treatment device as defined in claim 1, further comprising a tail gas purification device (8), wherein a tail gas purification inlet (801) and a tail gas purification outlet (802) are respectively arranged at two ends of the tail gas purification device, the tail gas purification device internally comprises a nitrogen removal unit and a sulfur removal unit which are connected in series, the tail gas purification inlet is connected with the outlet of the separation chamber, and the tail gas purification outlet is communicated with the atmosphere through an induced draft fan (9).
4. A waste activated carbon disposal apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the temperature of said combustion chamber is in the range of 600 to 800 ℃, the waste activated carbon treated by said combustion chamber is a single type, the recovered expensive catalyst is supplied in a directional manner, and the number of combustion chambers is at least one or more than one.
5. A device for disposal of spent activated carbon as defined in claim 1, wherein the outlet temperature of the cooling chamber is controlled within a range of 200-500 ℃.
6. The apparatus for disposal of spent activated carbon as claimed in claim 1 wherein the separation chamber is of the split inertial separator or cyclone type.
7. A waste activated carbon disposal apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the temperature in said primary filtering chamber is controlled to 20-100 ℃, the pH in said primary filtering chamber is 4-5, the temperature in said secondary filtering chamber is controlled to 10-50 ℃, and the pH in said secondary filtering chamber is 11-12.
8. A waste activated carbon disposal apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the operating pressure in the external steaming kettle is 30 to 101kPa, the operating pH in the kettle ranges from 4 to 6 when the catalyst exists in the form of chloride, and the operating pH in the kettle ranges from 7 to 9 when the catalyst exists in the form of acid salt.
9. A waste activated carbon disposal apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein a valve and a transfer pump are connected in series to a pipeline connecting the primary filtering liquid outlet (402) and the secondary filtering chamber liquid inlet (501), valves are connected in series to corresponding connecting pipelines of the first tee (10) and the second tee (11), and a transfer pump is connected in series to a pipeline connecting the second tee (11) and the outer steaming still feed inlet (601).
10. A method for disposing of waste activated carbon using the disposal apparatus for waste activated carbon as claimed in claim 1,
comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
1) adding the waste activated carbon into a combustion chamber, fully combusting, and primarily cooling ash in a cooling chamber;
2) introducing the cooled ash into a cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, removing sulfur and nitrogen from the separated gas by a tail gas purification device, then placing the gas into the atmosphere, and introducing the separated solid ash into a primary filter chamber;
3) in the first filtering chamber, the solid ash is dissolved in liquid and the solid metal oxide is separated out under proper conditions;
4) transferring the filtered liquid into a secondary filter chamber, separating out hydroxide precipitate again under alkaline condition,
5) and transferring the hydroxide precipitate into an external steaming kettle, adjusting the pH of the system to acidity by using hydrochloric acid, externally steaming until water is nearly dry, transferring the wet solid into a drying oven at 90 ℃, and drying to obtain a recovered substance.
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