CN112045295A - Ultrasonic welding method for NiTi shape memory alloy and Al interlayer - Google Patents
Ultrasonic welding method for NiTi shape memory alloy and Al interlayer Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic welding method of an intermediate layer of NiTi shape memory alloy and Al, wherein the NiTi shape memory alloy is lapped, an aluminum foil is used as the intermediate layer, the vibration energy of ultrasonic welding equipment is transmitted to a welding head, under the combined action of static pressure and mechanical vibration of the welding head, high-speed friction heating, plastic deformation and other behaviors are generated between the interface of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the aluminum foil, an NiTi oxide film is broken, and metal atom combination is achieved to finish welding. The technical scheme of the invention avoids the problems of forming harmful intermetallic compounds and obviously changing the phase components of the joint in the traditional fusion welding method, and the Al foil used as the intermediate layer improves the mechanical property of the NiTi ultrasonic welding joint and has obvious improvement on the aspect of keeping the functional characteristics of the NiTi shape memory alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material processing, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic welding method for an intermediate layer of a NiTi shape memory alloy and Al.
Background
NiTi shape memory alloys are a generic term for near-equal atomic ratio Ni-Ti alloys, with two very different functional properties: shape memory effect and superelasticity. This is due to its reversible martensitic transformation. The NiTi shape memory alloy has a phase transition temperature of-150 to 200 ℃. The high temperature phase in the martensitic transformation, called the parent phase, or austenite phase (P), is a CsCl phase (also known as B2) of body centered cubic crystal structure. The low-temperature phase is called martensite phase ((B19') which is a monoclinic crystal structure with low symmetry, the phase transformation from the parent phase to the martensite phase is called martensite positive phase transformation, the phase transformation from the martensite phase to the parent phase is called martensite reverse phase transformation, and the four transformation characteristic temperatures are respectively the martensite transformation starting temperature MsEnd temperature MfThe parent phase transition (i.e., reverse transition) onset temperature AsAnd end temperature Af. The martensitic transformation of shape memory alloys belongs to the thermoelastic martensitic transformation. The change in the temperature of the transformation point depends mainly on the composition of the material and the processing technique.
When the material is in the temperature range of the heat stable austenite, the large strain (maximum strain is 10%) generated in the stress-induced loading process can completely recover the shape when being unloaded, and the transformation process from the austenite to the martensite and then to the austenite after the elastic unloading is generated, namely the super-elastic effect is generated. Contrary to super elasticity, the shape memory effect starts from a martensitic material, deformation occurs at low temperature, after heating to a certain temperature (As) can be completely eliminated, the shape can be recovered to the original shape at high temperature, and the recovery stress generated during heating is very large and can reach 500 MPa. The shape memory effect is caused by that the alloy is transformed twice during high-low temperature transformation, firstly transformed from austenite (parent phase) to martensite phase, and then transformed from martensite phase to austenite. In addition, the NiTi shape memory alloy has no fatigue fracture phenomenon presented by common metals, has good biocompatibility including two aspects of tissue compatibility and blood compatibility, and is a safe biomedical material with great development potential.
The NiTi alloy is used as a novel functional material and integrates sensing and driving into a whole. Due to the unique shape memory effect, superelasticity and excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, the material is widely applied to the fields of mechanical and electronic industry, medical application, aerospace, energy development, transportation and the like. The material application firstly faces the problem of processability, and good performances of machining, welding and the like can provide a larger design space for a structural designer. The current NiTi memory alloy engineering application mainly comprises simple structure parts such as fastening, connecting and some control elements, and the like, and the NiTi memory alloy engineering is welded into a more complex shape, so that the application range of the NiTi memory alloy can be expanded to a greater extent. The NiTi alloy welding joint not only has certain strength and plasticity, but also maintains the memory function of the NiTi alloy welding joint as much as possible, so that the NiTi alloy welding joint is more difficult to connect than common materials, and the connecting process is more limited.
Conventional fusion welding techniques can lead to the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds, such as Ti2Ni, which significantly affects the mechanical properties of the NiTi joint. Furthermore, the fusion welding method also causes a significant change in the phase transformation behavior of the shape memory alloy, which affects the application conditions of the welded structure. The ultrasonic welding has the characteristics of short welding time period and low energy consumption, and is suitable for welding small parts and thin materials. Since NiTi shape memory alloys are sensitive to the temperature history experienced during thermomechanical processing, lower weld heat inputs can inhibit deterioration of alloy properties, particularly shape memory effects and superelasticity. However, NiTi with a thickness of 0.5mm is difficult to realize the connection meeting the requirements of the mechanical properties of the joint due to the difficult frictional motion and plastic deformation behavior between the upper and lower workpieces because of the higher hardness and thickness. The addition of proper alloy elements through welding materials is an effective way for improving the mechanical properties of weld joints and structures. Al is a soft metal with a melting point lower than NiTi, which not only has high thermal and electrical conductivity, but also has good corrosion resistance and ductility and also has good metallurgical compatibility with NiTi. Therefore, the aluminum foil is used as the intermediate layer, not only can a good NiTi ultrasonic welding joint be obtained, but also the functional characteristics of the NiTi shape memory alloy are obviously improved.
At present, the research on the ultrasonic welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy is very few, and the NiTi shape memory alloy is still in the starting stage, and the thickness and the hardness of the NiTi shape memory alloy sheet have great influence on the quality of an ultrasonic welding joint, so that an ultrasonic welding method of the NiTi shape memory alloy and an Al intermediate layer is urgently needed to meet the requirements on the mechanical property and the functional property of the joint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic welding method of a NiTi shape memory alloy and an Al intermediate layer, which avoids the technical defect of generating harmful intermetallic compounds in the fusion welding process, improves the mechanical property of a NiTi ultrasonic welding joint by taking an Al foil as the intermediate layer, and obtains the welding joint with a uniform and smooth interface.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an ultrasonic welding method of an intermediate layer of NiTi shape memory alloy and Al is carried out according to the following steps: overlapping two pieces of NiTi shape memory alloy to be welded, arranging an aluminum foil between the two pieces of NiTi shape memory alloy, and placing the two pieces of NiTi shape memory alloy on an anvil block of ultrasonic welding equipment; starting the ultrasonic welding equipment, transmitting the vibration energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment to the ultrasonic welding head and the workpiece, generating high-speed frictional heat generation, plastic deformation and other behaviors between the NiTi shape memory alloy and the metal aluminum interface under the combined action of static pressure of the welding head and mechanical vibration, and crushing the NiTi andor aluminum foil oxide film to achieve metal atom combination so as to realize connection.
In the technical scheme, the static pressure direction of the welding head is the vertical downward direction, the vibration direction of the ultrasonic welding head is the horizontal direction, and the two directions are matched to complete the welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy material and the aluminum foil.
In the technical scheme, the NiTi shape memory alloy is a sheet with the thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm, the chemical components (atomic percent) are 56.8at percent of Ni and 43.2at percent of Ti, the NiTi shape memory alloy is a complete austenite phase at room temperature (20-25 ℃), the NiTi shape memory alloy is subjected to cold rolling treatment, and the NiTi shape memory alloy is subjected to heat preservation for 45 minutes at the temperature of 400 ℃ to be subjected to stress relief annealing treatment; the middle layer is aluminum foil with the thickness of 0.1-0.15 mm.
In the technical scheme, the size of the welding head of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 8 multiplied by 8mm, and the size of the anvil is 25 multiplied by 15 mm.
In the technical scheme, a NiTi shape memory alloy sheet is processed into a welding test piece of 70mm multiplied by 15mm by a linear cutting method, in order to remove an oxide film generated on the surface of a NiTi material in the smelting and rolling processes, the test piece is soaked in a mixed solution of 7.5% of HF, 20% of HNO3 and 72.5% of H2O for 1min, and then the test piece is cleaned by alcohol and dried for later use.
In the technical scheme, the selected ultrasonic welding mode is an energy welding mode, namely, welding time is integrated according to a real-time power curve fed back by a welding system, and welding is stopped when welding energy input obtained through integral calculation reaches a set value.
In the technical scheme, ultrasonic friction welding is carried out in an inert atmosphere or in a vacuum state; the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, argon or helium.
In the technical scheme, the welding parameters comprise three factors of energy, pressure and amplitude, the welding energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 500-2000J, the welding amplitude of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 40-60 mu m, the clamping pressure (namely static pressure of a welding head) of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 0.30-0.40 MPa, the power of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 1000-2500W, the frequency of the welding equipment is 20-30 kHz, and the time is 0.6-1.2 s.
In the technical scheme, the welding energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 1000-2000J, the welding amplitude of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 50-60 mu m, the clamping pressure of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 0.35-0.38 MPa, the power of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 1500-2500W, the frequency of the welding equipment is 20-30 kHz, and the time is 0.8-1.2 s.
In the invention, due to the action of the sharp teeth of the welding head of the ultrasonic welding machine, obvious indentations exist on the surface of the obtained NiTi shape memory alloy joint, the interface of the obtained NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint presents a uniform and smooth connection appearance (the interface of the mechanical embedding welding presents a partial connection appearance), no intermetallic compound layer is formed on the interface of the joint, and the phase composition of the joint does not change relative to the parent metal at room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an ultrasonic welding method of a NiTi shape memory alloy and an Al intermediate layer, which solves the problems of forming harmful intermetallic compounds and obviously changing the phase components of a joint in the traditional fusion welding method, improves the mechanical property of the NiTi ultrasonic welding joint by using an Al foil as the intermediate layer, and obviously improves the aspect of keeping the functional characteristics of the NiTi shape memory alloy. The joint preparation period is short, solder, soldering flux, protective gas and the like are not added in the welding process, the processing is not required to be carried out, no waste material or burr is generated, the cost is saved, and the pollution is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the ultrasonic welding apparatus and process used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a surface topography of an ultrasonic welded joint of a NiTi shape memory alloy used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an illustration of the interface morphology of an ultrasonic weld joint of NiTi shape memory alloy employed in the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an XRD spectrum of the phase composition of an ultrasonic weld joint of a NiTi shape memory alloy used in the present invention at room temperature.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the results of ultrasonic welding joint interface line scan analysis of NiTi shape memory alloy.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the measurement position of the micro-hardness of the ultrasonic welded joint of the NiTi shape memory alloy.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the hardness profile of the interface of an ultrasonic weld joint of NiTi shape memory alloy.
FIG. 8 is a force-displacement tensile plot of an ultrasonically welded joint of NiTi shape memory alloy.
FIG. 9 is a photograph of tensile fracture morphology of an ultrasonic welded joint of NiTi shape memory alloy.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by means of specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The SONICS-MW20 ultrasonic metal welding machine is used as welding equipment, a nitrogen environment is selected, and the method is implemented according to the following method:
1. the NiTi shape memory alloy sheet is processed into a welding test piece of 70mm multiplied by 15mm by a linear cutting method.
2. And selecting an energy welding mode of ultrasonic welding, namely integrating the welding time according to a real-time power curve fed back by a welding system, and stopping welding when the welding energy input obtained by integral calculation reaches a set value.
3. NiTi shape memory alloy was lapped with aluminum foil as an intermediate layer and the size of the lapped portion was 30mm × 15mm, and it was placed on an anvil.
4. Starting SONICS-MW20 ultrasonic welding equipment, transmitting the vibration energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment to a welding head, and under the combined action of static pressure of the welding head and mechanical vibration, generating high-speed frictional heat generation, plastic deformation and other behaviors between the NiTi shape memory alloy and the aluminum foil interface, crushing the NiTi oxide film, and achieving metal atom combination to finish welding.
5. The method comprises the steps of observing the surface appearance of a weld joint by using a super-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope (VHX-2000C), representing the combination appearance chemical components and fracture appearance of the cross section of the weld joint by using a tungsten filament scanning electron microscope (SEM, SU1510, EDS), analyzing the phase composition of a NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic joint at room temperature by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8ADVANCED), measuring the hardness distribution of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint interface by using a micro-Vickers hardness tester (silver China HV-1000A type), and testing the mechanical property of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint by using a micro-control electronic universal tester (WDW-100 type).
Example 1
1. The NiTi shape memory alloy sheet is processed into a welding test piece of 70mm multiplied by 15mm by a linear cutting method.
2. Starting SONICS-MW20 ultrasonic welding equipment, transmitting the vibration energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment to a welding head, and under the combined action of static pressure of the welding head and mechanical vibration, generating high-speed frictional heat generation, plastic deformation and other behaviors between the NiTi shape memory alloy and the aluminum foil interface, crushing the NiTi oxide film, and achieving metal atom combination to finish welding. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 20 kHz; the energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 500J; the welding amplitude was 55 μm; the clamping pressure was 0.38MPa, the power 2000w, and the time 1 s.
3. The method comprises the steps of observing the surface appearance of a weld joint by using a super-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope (VHX-2000C), representing the combination appearance chemical components and fracture appearance of the cross section of the weld joint by using a tungsten filament scanning electron microscope (SEM, SU1510, EDS), analyzing the phase composition of a NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic joint at room temperature by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8ADVANCED), measuring the hardness distribution of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint interface by using a micro-Vickers hardness tester (silver China HV-1000A type), and testing the mechanical property of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint by using a micro-control electronic universal tester (WDW-100 type).
The ultrasonic welding method can realize lap welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy sheets, shallow indentations exist on the surfaces of welding seams, the effective connection area of interfaces is small, and joints are in a complete austenite phase state at room temperature.
Example 2
1. The NiTi shape memory alloy sheet is processed into a welding test piece of 70mm multiplied by 15mm by a linear cutting method.
2. Starting SONICS-MW20 ultrasonic welding equipment, transmitting the vibration energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment to a welding head, and under the combined action of static pressure of the welding head and mechanical vibration, generating high-speed frictional heat generation, plastic deformation and other behaviors between the NiTi shape memory alloy and the aluminum foil interface, crushing the NiTi oxide film, and achieving metal atom combination to finish welding. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 20 kHz; the energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 1500J; the welding amplitude is 60 μm; the clamping pressure is 0.35MPa, the power is 1000w, and the time is 1.2 s.
3. The method comprises the steps of observing the surface appearance of a weld joint by using a super-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope (VHX-2000C), representing the combination appearance chemical components and fracture appearance of the cross section of the weld joint by using a tungsten filament scanning electron microscope (SEM, SU1510, EDS), analyzing the phase composition of a NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic joint at room temperature by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8ADVANCED), measuring the hardness distribution of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint interface by using a micro-Vickers hardness tester (silver China HV-1000A type), and testing the mechanical property of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint by using a micro-control electronic universal tester (WDW-100 type). The ultrasonic welding method can realize lap welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy sheets, obvious indentation exists on the surface of a welding line, the effective connection area of an interface is small, and a joint is in a complete austenite phase state at room temperature.
1. The NiTi shape memory alloy sheet is processed into a welding test piece of 70mm multiplied by 15mm by a linear cutting method.
2. Starting SONICS-MW20 ultrasonic welding equipment, transmitting the vibration energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment to a welding head, and under the combined action of static pressure of the welding head and mechanical vibration, generating high-speed frictional heat generation, plastic deformation and other behaviors between the NiTi shape memory alloy and the aluminum foil interface, crushing the NiTi oxide film, and achieving metal atom combination to finish welding. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 20 kHz; the energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 2500J; the welding amplitude is 40 μm; the clamping pressure was 0.32MPa, the power 2500w, and the time 0.6 s.
3. The method comprises the steps of observing the surface appearance of a weld joint by using a super-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope (VHX-2000C), representing the combination appearance chemical components and fracture appearance of the cross section of the weld joint by using a tungsten filament scanning electron microscope (SEM, SU1510, EDS), analyzing the phase composition of a NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic joint at room temperature by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8ADVANCED), measuring the hardness distribution of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint interface by using a micro-Vickers hardness tester (silver China HV-1000A type), and testing the mechanical property of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint by using a micro-control electronic universal tester (WDW-100 type).
The ultrasonic welding method can realize lap welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy sheets, obvious indentation exists on the surface of a welding line, the effective connection area of an interface is large, and a joint is in a complete austenite phase state at room temperature.
Example 4
1. The NiTi shape memory alloy sheet is processed into a welding test piece of 70mm multiplied by 15mm by a linear cutting method.
2. Starting SONICS-MW20 ultrasonic welding equipment, transmitting the vibration energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment to a welding head, and under the combined action of static pressure of the welding head and mechanical vibration, generating high-speed frictional heat generation, plastic deformation and other behaviors between the NiTi shape memory alloy and the aluminum foil interface, crushing the NiTi oxide film, and achieving metal atom combination to finish welding. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 20 kHz; the energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 2000J; the welding amplitude was 55 μm; the clamping pressure was 0.38 MPa.
3. The method comprises the steps of observing the surface appearance of a weld joint by using a super-depth-of-field three-dimensional microscope (VHX-2000C), representing the combination appearance chemical components and fracture appearance of the cross section of the weld joint by using a tungsten filament scanning electron microscope (SEM, SU1510, EDS), analyzing the phase composition of a NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic joint at room temperature by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8ADVANCED), measuring the hardness distribution of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint interface by using a micro-Vickers hardness tester (silver China HV-1000A type), and testing the mechanical property of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint by using a micro-control electronic universal tester (WDW-100 type).
The ultrasonic welding method can realize lap welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy sheets, obvious indentation exists on the surface of a welding line, the effective connection area of an interface is the largest, and a joint is in a complete austenite phase state at room temperature.
Tests prove that the content of NiTi and Al at the boundary of the welding interface of the NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint obtained by the invention is changed stably and rapidly, and the change of the relative content of NiTi and Cu indicates that slight diffusion exists at the welding interface. The hardness value of the intermediate layer of the cross section of the obtained NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint is higher than that of the aluminum foil, which is caused by the diffusion of NiTi atoms and the metallurgical bonding of the NiTi atoms and the intermediate layer of the aluminum. The tensile fracture mode of the obtained NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welding joint is interface fracture, and the maximum tensile force of the joint can reach 5320N. Good bonding is formed between the NiTi and the Cu, and the welding line has good bearing capacity. The good mechanical properties of the joint are again demonstrated by the large number of dimples and plastic deformation zones on the fracture surface.
The adjustment of the process parameters according to the content of the invention can realize the lap welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy sheets and show the performance basically consistent with the invention. The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic welding method of a NiTi shape memory alloy and an Al intermediate layer is characterized by comprising the following steps: overlapping two pieces of NiTi shape memory alloy to be welded, arranging an aluminum foil between the two pieces of NiTi shape memory alloy, and placing the two pieces of NiTi shape memory alloy on an anvil block of ultrasonic welding equipment; starting the ultrasonic welding equipment, transmitting the vibration energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment to the ultrasonic welding head and the workpiece, generating high-speed friction heat generation and plastic deformation between the NiTi shape memory alloy and the metal aluminum interface under the combined action of static pressure of the welding head and (mechanical) vibration, and crushing the NiTi and/or aluminum foil oxide film to achieve metal atom combination to realize connection.
2. The ultrasonic welding method of an intermediate layer of NiTi shape memory alloy and Al as claimed in claim 1, wherein the welding energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 500 to 2000J, the welding amplitude of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 40 to 60 μm, the clamping pressure (i.e. static head pressure) of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 0.30 to 0.40MPa, the power of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 1000 to 2500W, the frequency of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 20 to 30kHz, and the time is 0.6 to 1.2 s.
3. The ultrasonic welding method of an intermediate layer of NiTi shape memory alloy and Al as claimed in claim 2, wherein the welding energy of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 1000 to 2000J, the welding amplitude of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 50 to 60 μm, the clamping pressure of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 0.35 to 0.38MPa, the power of the ultrasonic welding equipment is 1500 to 2500W, the frequency of the welding equipment is 20 to 30kHz, and the time is 0.8 to 1.2 s.
4. An ultrasonic welding method of a NiTi shape memory alloy with an Al interlayer as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the ultrasonic friction welding is performed in an inert atmosphere or in a vacuum state.
5. The ultrasonic welding method of the NiTi shape memory alloy and Al interlayer of claim 4, wherein the inert atmosphere is nitrogen, argon or helium.
6. The ultrasonic welding method of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the Al middle layer is characterized in that the direction of the static pressure force of the welding head is the vertical downward direction, the vibration direction of the ultrasonic welding head is the horizontal direction, and the two directions are matched to complete the welding of the NiTi shape memory alloy material and the aluminum foil.
7. An ultrasonic welding method of a NiTi shape memory alloy with an Al interlayer as defined in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the NiTi shape memory alloy is a thin sheet with a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm, has a chemical composition (atomic%) of 56.8 at% Ni, 43.2 at% Ti, and has a complete austenite phase at room temperature (20-25 ℃); the middle layer is aluminum foil with the thickness of 0.1-0.15 mm.
8. An ultrasonic welding method of a NiTi shape memory alloy plus Al interlayer according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the ultrasonic welding equipment has a horn size of 8 x 8mm and an anvil size of 25 x 15 mm.
9. An ultrasonic welding method of an NiTi shape memory alloy with an Al intermediate layer according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the selected ultrasonic welding mode is an energy welding mode, i.e. the welding time is integrated according to a real-time power curve fed back by the welding system, and the welding is stopped when the welding energy input obtained by the integration calculation reaches a set value.
10. The welded joint obtained by the ultrasonic welding method of the NiTi shape memory alloy and the Al intermediate layer according to the claim 1, the NiTi shape memory alloy and the Al intermediate layer is characterized in that obvious indentations exist on the surface of the obtained NiTi shape memory alloy joint, the interface of the obtained NiTi shape memory alloy ultrasonic welded joint presents a uniform and flat connection appearance (a part of the connection appearance is presented at the mechanical embedding welding interface), no intermetallic compound layer is formed at the interface of the joint, and the phase composition of the joint at room temperature does not change relative to the base material.
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| CN112756396A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 太原理工大学 | Method for preparing metal composite thin/foil through ultrasonic-assisted rolling |
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