CN112043431A

CN112043431A - Implant with branch roots

Info

Publication number: CN112043431A
Application number: CN202011068861.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张海钟; 乔波; 孟凡皓; 邢乐君; 臧小漪; 陈犹白; 田瑜; 周正; 胡随馨; 于文俊
Original assignee: First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Current assignee: First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2020-12-08

Abstract

The invention discloses an implant with a branch root, which is divided into two parts, wherein the upper part is a healing abutment jointed with a gum, and the lower part is an implant fixture nail implanted in an alveolar bone. According to the invention, the implant is arranged to be combined with the alveolar bone, and the occlusal force of the implant is born by the implant and the inclined hole screw, so that the dental crown can bear larger occlusal force when biting food, and the dental crown is long in service life, stable and durable; and obviously shorten the length of the implant and greatly expand the application range.

Description

Implant with branch roots

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial tooth implantation, in particular to an implant with a branch root.

Background

With the development and perfection of the osseointegration theory and the clinical practice of decades, dental implantation has become one of the key restoration techniques for oral tooth loss, and compared with the traditional removable denture and fixed denture restoration modes, the dental implantation has the advantages of attractive appearance, high comfort, stronger chewing function and the like. In many cases of dental implant failure, the connection between the dental implant and the abutment is loosened, and other failure phenomena are common, so the anti-loosening measure for the connection between the dental implant and the abutment has become a key technical problem for further improving the long-term success rate of the dental implant.

In the chewing process, the dental crown as a tooth substitute bears periodic alternating loads with different sizes, directions and types, and actually generates tiny relative displacement, and the motion amplitude of the relative displacement is just in the motion amplitude range of micro motion in tribology. The damage caused by the micro-motion may cause the loss of the materials of the contact surface and the connection surface of the implant to cause the loosening of the abutment, so that the fatigue life of the implant is greatly reduced.

The inventor's previous research shows that: fretting damage is an important factor leading to mechanical failure of the abutment; the tangential fretting damage of the connecting surface and the contact surface is the most serious, while the radial and compound fretting damages are slight.

Compared with other false teeth, the dental implant has obvious advantages and is more and more widely applied at present. However, the existing dental implant is composed of a porcelain crown, a healing abutment and an implant fixture connected with the healing abutment, and has the following disadvantages:

1. since the lower part of the implant is inserted into the alveolar bone to fixedly connect the implant and the alveolar bone, the implant must have a sufficient length to bear masticatory force, and thus cannot be used by patients who have a thin alveolar bone or a short distance from the bottom of the nose at the upper anterior teeth.

2. The implant is easy to cause peripheral bone absorption to loosen the implanted teeth, so that the implant fails.

3. The implant is perpendicular to the alveolar bone, so that the implant is not matched with the dental crowns in the axial direction, the upper half part of the implant is forced to be short, and the fixation and the stability of the dental crowns are influenced.

The present invention has been made in view of this situation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an implant with a branch root, and aims to realize firm and reliable combination of the implant and an alveolar bone.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides an implant with branch root, its divide into two parts, and upper portion is the healing base station that links up with the gum, and the lower part is for planting in the alveolar bone, is hollow sleeve structure including the implant, and the bottom of implant sets up the through-hole that inclines respectively left and right side at least, and the screw of fixed implant is inserted to the through-hole, and human alveolar bone is pricked in the slope.

Further, the planting body through-hole from top to bottom offsets to the outside of planting body gradually, and the distance between two through-holes from top to bottom increases gradually, is outer eight characters form.

Furthermore, the implant screw at least extends to the outside of the through hole, the part of the screw extending to the outside of the through hole is provided with threads, and the bottom of the screw is provided with a pointed conical nail head which can be easily inserted into the alveolar bone of a human body.

Furthermore, a blind hole matched with the drilling head is formed in a nut of the screw; the screw is drilled into the through hole of the implant through the drill bit structure; the drill bit structure comprises a driving rod and a driven rod which are inclined to each other at an included angle, the input end of the driven rod is connected with the motor, the output end of the driven rod is in transmission connection with the input end of the driven rod, and the output end of the driven rod is provided with a conical head which is inserted into a blind hole of the screw; the driving rod and the implant are coaxially arranged, and the driven rod and the screw are coaxially arranged.

Further, the implant is a cylinder which extends vertically, is hollow inside and has an opening at the top, the top of the implant is provided with a base station for fixing the dental crown, and the lower part of the implant is provided with surface threads.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with internal threads, and the screw is in threaded engagement with the through hole.

Further, the bottom of the planting body is arranged to be a conical flat-bottom end face with the area gradually reduced from top to bottom, the through hole is formed in the conical flat-bottom end face, the bottom end stress area is large, and uniform stress of the bottom of the planting body is facilitated.

Further, the abutment is vertically upwards protruded, the interior of the abutment is hollow, and the porcelain dental crown can be embedded into the abutment.

Further, the top end and the bottom end of the base platform are respectively provided with an opening, and the opening is opposite to the hollow part in the base platform and is the same as the hole of the implant.

Furthermore, the width of the hollow part of the abutment of the implant and the width of the hollow part of the implant are both larger than a first set value, the set value ensures that the screw can pass through, and a drill hole is convenient to be matched with the screw to be inserted into the alveolar bone.

After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.

1. The screw penetrates through the through hole at the bottom of the implant and is pricked into the alveolar bone of the human body through the hollow implant, so that the implant is more stably installed, and the implant is prevented from loosening. The screw that sets up on the implant inclines left and right side, and the power of the interlock passes through the screw dispersion to implant left and right side gum on the in-process of using after the planting tooth installation of being convenient for, makes the atress more even, and then improves planting tooth's life.

2. The dental crown can be embedded on the mounting table, so that the dental crown is convenient to mount.

3. The lower end part of the implant is designed into a conical flat-bottom end surface with the area gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the structure has large stress area and is beneficial to uniform stress of the bottom of the implant; and the upper end of the implant is a healing abutment connected with the gum, so that when the porcelain dental crown is damaged, the dental crown can be taken down independently, and pain and trouble caused by implanting the implant again are avoided.

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an implant with a branched root according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an implant with a branch root according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a screw removed;

FIG. 3 is a left side view of an implant with a branch root with a screw removed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic left side view of an implant with a branched root according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of an implant with a branched root according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a screw-mounting of an implant with a branch root according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings indicate: 1. reference numerals in the drawings indicate: 1. the fixture comprises an implant, 2, a through hole, 3, threads, 4, a screw, 5, a conical flat-bottomed end face, 6, a base platform, 7, a motor, 8, a sleeve, 9, a driving rod, 10 and a driven rod.

It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The embodiment of the invention discloses an implant with a branch root, which is arranged on an alveolar bone, the implant is firstly arranged and then fixed on the alveolar bone through a screw which passes through the implant, so that the implant is firmer, and then a porcelain crown is arranged on an abutment on the upper part of the implant to implant the implant.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention discloses an implant with a branch root, which comprises an implant 1, wherein the implant 1 is of a hollow sleeve structure, the outer side of the lower end of the implant 1 is provided with a thread 3, the bottom of the implant 1 is provided with at least two through holes 2, the through holes 2 are arranged obliquely downwards, the through holes 2 are internally inserted with screws 4, the screws 4 are engaged with the internal threads of the through holes 2, so that the implant 1 is firmer in an alveolar bone, the bottommost part of the implant 1 is a conical flat end surface 5, and the upper end part of the implant 1 is a base 6, so as to realize the corresponding mounting of a porcelain dental crown.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the embodiment, an implant 1 is implanted into an alveolar bone with a special and dedicated high-speed and low-speed drilling machine for preparing a hole, the implant 1 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part is a healing abutment 6 engaged with a gum, the lower part is implanted into the alveolar bone, the implant 1 is of a hollow sleeve structure, a screw 4 is conveniently placed at the bottom of the implant 1, at least through holes 2 inclined to the left and right sides are formed in the bottom of the implant 1, a thread 3 is arranged outside the implant 1, the thread 3 can greatly increase the contact area with the bone and can disperse stress, so that the implant 1 can have good initial stability when implanted into the bone, thereby facilitating bone growth and bone union and avoiding the occurrence of the situation that a dental bed is influenced by external force to cause the falling of a dental crown of a porcelain. Meanwhile, the implant 1 can be matched with a positioning bone channel on the alveolar bone, so that the purpose of initial positioning can be achieved for the installation of the implant 1, and the installation is convenient.

The bottom of the implant 1 is a conical flat-bottomed end face 5, the section of the conical end face is gradually reduced, the stress area of the structure is large, the uniform stress of the bottom of the implant 1 is facilitated, the implant 1 is stable, the loss of bone at the gum is reduced, the existing bone tissue can be stored, unnecessary bone loss is reduced, and the occurrence of bone perforation is avoided.

Screw 4 puts into the bottom that reachs the planting body 1 through hollow portion, pass the bilateral symmetry through-hole 2 of bottom, 2 trompil directions of through-hole are the slope downwards, and be 45 degrees contained angles with the 1 vertical direction of planting body as far as possible, because the opposite direction of the 2 slopes of left and right through-hole, the partial lower extreme that exposes of screw 4 that the event passed through-hole 2 is outer eight characters and sets up, set up on screw 4's the nut and bore hole head complex blind hole, pass through-hole 2, set up on the alveolar bone and supply screw 4 male bone way, screw 4 can make planting body 1 more firm.

The better trompil mode of this embodiment can be according to the alveolar bone direction trompil on implant 1 both sides, need not necessarily the symmetry to keep the slope downwards all the time, can satisfy the implantation of the implant 1 of different positions like this, also can let implant 1 better adaptation alveolar bone surrounding environment.

This embodiment implant 1 still constitutes fastening structure by the screw thread 3 of the lower extreme outside and the screw 4 of embedding in through-hole 2 of implant 1, and this fastening structure can make implant 1 its and bone tissue combined force high, and the osseointegration degree reinforcing for implant 1's result of use is good, and is more firm in the alveolar bone. The through hole 2 is internally provided with internal threads, the width of the screw 4 is matched with the size of the aperture, the length of the threads is from the lower end of the screw cap to the nail head, the screw 4 is ensured to be meshed with the internal threads of the through hole 2, the fastening structure can be firmer, and the optimal scheme is adopted.

Another mode of this embodiment is that through-hole 2 does not set up the internal thread, and the size in aperture will be unanimous with screw 4, guarantees that screw 4 passes through-hole 2 and can not become flexible, and the part that screw 4 extends to outside through-hole 2 sets up the screw thread, and the bottom of screw 4 sets up the pin head of pointed cone type, and this is preferred pin head, also is for the convenient screw 4 can be fine to prick into the alveolar bone, also can change into the screw of button head. And the length of the inner section of the screw 4 penetrating through the through hole 2 is not provided with threads, so that the fastening structure can be ensured not to be loosened in the alveolar bone. The length of the screw 4 at least extends to the outside of the through hole 2, which is not easy to overlong and inconvenient to operate too long, and can ensure that the exposed part of the screw head of the screw accounts for one third of the length of the whole screw, thus the implant 1 can be firmly fastened. The upper half of the screw 4 engaged with the internal thread of the through hole 2 may be formed as a thread, and the lower half extended from the through hole 2 may be formed as a smooth surface, so as to prevent the portion extended from the through hole 2 from causing greater damage to the soft tissue when the screw 4 is inserted into the alveolar bone.

The edge of the end face 5 of the implant 1, the base station 6 and the conical flat bottom is a cylinder, so that a sharp edge is replaced, the comfort of implanting the prosthesis can be improved, and the abrasion to alveolar bones can be avoided.

The invention can cast abutment 6 and implant 1 finished products with various specifications and sizes according to the shapes of alveolar bones at different positions, firstly determines the tooth missing position of a specific patient, selects the finished product to determine the radian, can slightly bend and adjust the cut gum, exposes the alveolar bones, compares the radian size and length size of the abutment 6, and drills the implant 1 on the alveolar bones by an electric drill with proper shape and size. The implant 1 and the abutment 6 are fitted into the body. The screw 4 is screwed into the alveolar bone with the depth corresponding to the implant 1, the implant 1 is screwed in to suture the gingival incision, and the detachable porcelain dental crown can be sleeved after the implant is healed.

In this embodiment, the upper end of the implant 1 has a certain angle with the axial direction of the lower end, and the implant can be adapted to the fixation of crowns at different positions and in different axial directions, so that the crowns conform to the original characteristics, and more unknown installations can be facilitated.

The top end and the bottom end of the abutment 6 are respectively provided with an opening, so that the screw 4 can conveniently pass through the abutment 6 and the implant 1 to reach the bottom, the opening is opposite to the hollow part in the abutment 6, and the size of the opening is not smaller than the length of the screw at the minimum. The abutment 6 protrudes vertically upwards from its radially outwardly extending surface, which protrusion can be engaged with the implant 1, respectively. It is particularly preferred that this surface of the abutment 6 is at least partially cylindrical to facilitate the mounting and dismounting of the porcelain crown. The size of the surface is limited, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the abutment 6 are respectively provided with holes, and the size of the holes is consistent with the hollow part of the implant 1. The abutment 6 comprises an exposure profile having a determined structure: the cylindrical section of the abutment 6 exposed from the implant 1 abuts the upper part of the implant 1 and then is a concave area as seen in a cross section through the axis of the abutment.

The width of the hollow part of the abutment 6 and the hollow part of the implant 1 are both larger than a first set value, and the first set value at least satisfies that the screw 4 can be put into the bottom of the implant 1, and the drill bit can be conveniently matched with the screw 4.

As shown in fig. 6, in the present application, when the screw is installed on the implant, the adopted drill structure includes a sleeve 8, the axes of the two ends of the sleeve 8 have a certain included angle, one end of the sleeve 8 is inserted with a driving rod 9, the other end is inserted with a driven rod 10, the inserted ends of the driving rod 9 and the driven rod 10 are in threaded engagement, one end of the driving rod 9, which is located outside the sleeve, is connected with a motor 7, so that the driving rod 9 can rotate around the shaft under the driving action of the motor, and power is transmitted to the driven rod 10 through the threaded engagement connection between the driving rod 9 and the driven rod 10, so as to drive the driven rod 10 to rotate around the shaft; meanwhile, one end of the driven rod 10, which is positioned outside the sleeve 8, is provided with a conical head, and the conical head is inserted into a blind hole in the end of the screw 4 so as to screw the screw 4 to rotate and realize the threaded engagement and the expansion of the screw 4.

Preferably, the driving rod 9 of the drill is coaxially arranged with the axis of the implant 1, and the driven rod 10 is coaxially arranged with the axis of the screw 4.

In this application, 8 both ends of sleeve are equipped with the bearing pad respectively, and drive lever 9, driven lever 10 pass the bearing pad of corresponding end respectively, and the size of this bearing pad through-hole is the same with the diameter of drive lever 9, driven lever 10, and is unstable when preventing drive lever 9, driven lever 10 and rotate.

In the application, the driving rod 9 and the driven rod 10 are engaged through threads; the insertion ends of the driving rod 9 and the driven rod 10 are both conical; the driving rod 9 is arranged in parallel with the generatrix of the conical surface at the opposite position of the driven rod 10, so that the opposite positions of the two cones are jointed and contacted; the outer wall surfaces of the conical insertion ends of the driving rod 9 and the driven rod 10 are respectively provided with oblique threads, and the two oblique threads are meshed with each other.

When the driving rod rotates, the threaded engagement part can drive the driven rod to rotate, then the screw 4 can be screwed into the alveolar bone, and one end of the driven rod 10, which is in contact with the screw 4, can be set as the head of a screwdriver, so that the screwdriver is suitable for different screws 4. The bent angle of the sleeve 8 can be set to different angles, which can satisfy the inclination directions of the screws 4 in different directions. Thus, the screw 4 can be inserted into the human alveolar bone through the structure of the drill. Abutment 6 is 1 the top of whole implant, and the arch sets up, highly sets up according to the hole depth of porcelain dental crown, guarantees that porcelain dental crown can wholly inlay on abutment 6, but on the porcelain dental crown embedded abutment 6 to realize the tooth and implant.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and although the present invention has been disclosed by the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the equivalent embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an implant with branch root, its divide into two parts, and upper portion is healing base station (6) that links up with the gum, and the lower part is for planting in the alveolar bone, and its characterized in that is hollow sleeve structure including implant (1), and the bottom of implant (1) sets up through-hole (2) that incline left, right side respectively at least, and screw (4) of fixed implant are inserted to through-hole (2), and human alveolar bone is pricked in the slope.

2. The implant with branch roots according to claim 1, wherein the through holes (2) are gradually shifted from top to bottom to the outer side of the implant (1), and the distance between the two through holes is gradually increased from top to bottom to form an outer Chinese character 'ba'.

3. An implant with a branch root according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw (4) extends at least to the outside of the through hole (2), the part of the screw (4) extending to the outside of the through hole (2) is provided with a thread, and the bottom of the screw (4) is provided with a tip-cone shaped head.

4. Implant with branch roots according to claim 3, characterised in that the screw (4) has a blind hole in its cap.

5. The implant with the branch root according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the implant (1) is a vertically extended cylinder which is hollow inside and has an opening at the top, the top of the implant (1) is provided with an abutment (6) for fixing a porcelain crown, and the lower part of the implant (1) is provided with a surface thread (3).

6. An implant with branch roots according to claim 5, wherein the inner wall of the through hole (2) is provided with an internal thread, and the screw (4) is in threaded engagement with the through hole (2).

7. The implant with the branch roots according to claim 6, wherein the bottom end of the implant (1) is provided with a conical flat-bottomed end surface (5) having a gradually decreasing area from top to bottom, and the through-hole (2) is provided on the flat-bottomed end surface (5).

8. The implant with the branch root is characterized in that the abutment (6) is vertically and upwardly protruded, the abutment (6) is hollow, and the abutment (6) can be embedded in the porcelain crown.

9. The implant with branch roots according to claim 8, wherein the abutment (6) is provided with openings at its top end and bottom end, respectively, which are opposite to the hollow portion inside the abutment (6).

10. Implant with branched roots according to any one of claims 8-9, characterised in that the width of the hollow part of the abutment (6) and the hollow part of the implant (1) are both larger than the first set value.