CN112039379A - 一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制 - Google Patents
一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及异步化汽轮发电机技术领域,公开了一种异步化汽轮发电机出现励磁故障时的励磁控制及应采取的措施分析。包括:基于异步化汽轮发电机时空向量图,分别分析发电机d轴励磁故障和q轴励磁故障时各电气向量的变化情况及电机的运行状态,得出一种异步化汽轮发电机单轴励磁故障时应采取的措施;根据异步化汽轮发电机运行原理给出双轴励磁故障时应采取的措施,以确保电机及电力系统的稳定性与安全性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于异步化汽轮发电机励磁控制技术领域,尤其涉及一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障应采取的措施。
背景技术
随着电力工业的不断发展,现代电力系统已经进入大容量、远距离、特高压、高负荷时代,同时随着大规模的清洁能源的接入,对电力系统的稳定性提出了更高的要求。研究表明异步化汽轮发电机是一种具有高稳定性的发电机,对于电力系统稳定性的改善具有远大的意;已有学者对于异步化汽轮发电机接入电网的运行行为进行仿真分析,但是在我国还没有异步化汽轮发电机应用的先例,技术和运行经验都不是很完善,尤其是对发生励磁故障时的控制方法还尚未进行系统的研究。
发明内容
在目的:为了弥补现有对异步化汽轮发电机研究中针对励磁故障的控制方法的研究不足,本发明提供了一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1.失磁前异步化汽轮机时空向量图中向量关系;
本发明分析的一种异步化汽轮发电机含有两相励磁绕组,分别分布于转子d、q轴线上,电机正常运行时在d、q轴的两相励磁绕组上通有大小相等的直流电流,合成与d轴和q轴夹角为45电角度的电流向量,励磁电势滞后于励磁电流90度。
步骤2.d轴失磁后异步化汽轮发电机时空相量图中各向量的变化;
d轴失磁瞬间励磁电流由原d、q轴合成的励磁电流变为由q轴单独提供的励磁电流,励磁电流将后移45度,与q轴重合,大小为原励磁电流的,励磁磁势也相应后移45度,大小变为故障前的。
步骤3.q轴失磁后异步化汽轮发电机时空相量图中各向量的变化;
q轴失磁瞬间励磁电流由原d、q轴合成的励磁电流变为由d轴单独提供的励磁电流,励磁电流将前移45度,与d轴重合,大小为原励磁电流的,励磁磁势也相应前移45度,大小变为故障前的。
步骤4.异步化汽轮发电机单轴失磁后异步化汽轮发电机运动规律;
异步化汽轮发电机发生单轴失磁情况时,异步化汽轮发电机运行于单轴励磁状态,由于励磁电流减小,励磁电流在xy同步轴系下的y轴的分量也将相应减小,发电机输出的有功功率将瞬间减少。
步骤5.当异步化汽轮发电机单轴励磁故障时,为确保发电机平稳过渡到单轴运行状态,应适当增大完好轴的励磁或减小原动机输出的有功功率。
步骤6.当异步化汽轮发电机的d轴和q轴励磁系统全部发生故障时,可在两组励磁绕组完好的前提下将两相绕组短接,同时减小原动机输出的有功功率。此时异步化汽轮发电机与普通的异步发电机运行状态和原理相同。
进一步优选地:
本发明所述的一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制方法的特征在于,包括以下步骤,所述的步骤2和步骤3中,励磁磁势和励磁电流之间的关系为:
其中,为励磁磁势,为励磁电流,为定转子绕组间的互感抗。
本发明所述的一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制方法的特征在于,包括以下步骤,所述的步骤4中,发电机输出有功功率的计算公式为:
其中,X为定、转子绕组互感抗,为励磁电流在同步轴系y轴下的分量。
附图说明
图1为本发明异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制方法流程图;
图2为异步化汽轮发电机迟相运行时d轴失磁前后时空向量图;
图3为异步化汽轮发电机进相运行时d轴失磁前后时空向量图;
图4为异步化汽轮发电机迟相运行时q轴失磁前后时空向量图;
图5为异步化汽轮发电机进相运行时q轴失磁前后时空向量图;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请作进一步详细描述。
本发明提供一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制方法,分单轴励磁故障和双轴励磁故障两种情况讨论。分析方法基于异步化汽轮发电机的时空相量图。
分析流程如图1所示,当检测到电机励磁故障时,应先检查是否为单轴励磁故障;单轴励磁故障分d轴励磁故障和q轴励磁故障两种情况分析;
如图2所示为发电机迟相运行时d轴励磁故障前后的时空向量图,为励磁无故障时d轴和q轴励磁合成的励磁电流,为相应的的励磁电势,当d轴失磁,励磁电流
变为由q轴单独提供的励磁电流,相应的后移45电角度落在q轴上,并且大小变为原来的,励磁电势也相应变化为,相比后移45电角度,大小也相应的变为原来的,发电机输出的瞬时有功功率相应减小。
如图3所示为发电机迟相运行时d轴励磁故障前后的时空向量图,注意到电机进相运行d轴励磁发生故障时,励磁电流和电势的变化关系与迟相运行时变化关系相同,所以瞬时有功功率仍然减小。
相应的应增大非故障相q轴的励磁电流,减小原动机输出的有功功率来维持电机平稳运行。
如图4所示为发电机迟相运行时q轴励磁故障前后的时空向量图,为励磁无故障时d轴和q轴励磁合成的励磁电流,为相应的的励磁电势,当q轴失磁,励磁电流变为由d轴单独提供的励磁电流.
相应的后移45电角度落在d轴上,并且大小变为原来的,励磁电势也相应变化为,相比后移45电角度,大小也相应的变为原来的,发电机输出的瞬时有功功率相应减小。
如图5所示为发电机迟相运行时q轴励磁故障前后的时空向量图,注意到电机进相运行q轴励磁发生故障时,励磁电流和电势的变化关系与迟相运行时变化关系相同,所以瞬时有功功率仍然减小。
相应的应增大非故障相d轴的励磁电流,减小原动机输出的有功功率来维持电机平稳运行。
当电机两相励磁均发生故障时,应快速减小原动机输出的有功功率,并检查两相励磁绕组是否完好,若完好可直接短接,此时的电机运行状态相当于普通异步电机运行。
相应的应增大非故障相q轴的励磁电流,减小原动机输出的有功功率来维持电机平稳运行。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制方法的特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1.失磁前异步化汽轮机时空向量图中向量关系
本发明分析的一种异步化汽轮发电机含有两相励磁绕组,分别分布于转子d、q轴线上,电机正常运行时在d、q轴的两相励磁绕组上通有大小相等的直流电流,合成与d轴和q轴夹角为45电角度的电流向量,励磁电势滞后于励磁电流90度;
步骤2.d轴失磁后异步化汽轮发电机时空相量图中各向量的变化d轴失磁瞬间励磁电流由原d、q轴合成的励磁电流变为由q轴单独提供的励磁电流,励磁电流将后移45度,与q轴重合,大小为原励磁电流的励磁磁势也相应后移45度,大小变为故障前的
步骤3.q轴失磁后异步化汽轮发电机时空相量图中各向量的变化q轴失磁瞬间励磁电流由原d、q轴合成的励磁电流变为由d轴单独提供的励磁电流,励磁电流将前移45度,与d轴重合,大小为原励磁电流的励磁磁势也相应前移45度,大小变为故障前的
步骤4.异步化汽轮发电机单轴失磁后异步化汽轮发电机运动规律异步化汽轮发电机发生单轴失磁情况时,异步化汽轮发电机运行于单轴励磁状态,由于励磁电流减小,励磁电流在xy同步轴系下的y轴的分量也将相应减小,发电机输出的有功功率将瞬间减少;
步骤5.当异步化汽轮发电机单轴励磁故障时,为确保发电机平稳过渡到单轴运行状态,应适当增大完好轴的励磁或减小原动机输出的有功功率;
步骤6.当异步化汽轮发电机的d轴和q轴励磁系统全部发生故障时,可在两组励磁绕组完好的前提下将两相绕组短接,同时减小原动机输出的有功功率。此时异步化汽轮发电机与普通的异步发电机运行状态和原理相同。
2.在根据权利要求书1所述的一种异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障控制方法的特征在于,包括以下步骤,所述的步骤2和步骤3中,励磁磁势和励磁电流之间的关系为:
Ef=-jIfXaf
其中,Ef为励磁磁势,If为励磁电流,Xaf为定转子绕组间的互感抗。
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WO2012055115A1 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | Abb Research Ltd. | Integrated excitation and turbine controller for synchronous generator and control method thereof |
CN109586629A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-05 | 华北电力大学 | 一种双轴励磁汽轮发电机的励磁控制方法 |
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WO2012055115A1 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | Abb Research Ltd. | Integrated excitation and turbine controller for synchronous generator and control method thereof |
CN109586629A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-05 | 华北电力大学 | 一种双轴励磁汽轮发电机的励磁控制方法 |
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杨顺昌, 梁志翔: "异步化汽轮发电机励磁故障后运行行为的仿真研究", 中国电机工程学报, no. 08, 30 August 2002 (2002-08-30), pages 104 - 108 * |
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