CN112039129B - Wind power output guarantee rate determination method and system based on energy storage optimization configuration - Google Patents

Wind power output guarantee rate determination method and system based on energy storage optimization configuration Download PDF

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CN112039129B
CN112039129B CN202011002638.0A CN202011002638A CN112039129B CN 112039129 B CN112039129 B CN 112039129B CN 202011002638 A CN202011002638 A CN 202011002638A CN 112039129 B CN112039129 B CN 112039129B
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wind power
energy storage
power output
guarantee
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CN112039129A (en
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程鑫
杨燕
许亮
左郑敏
吴桐
张章亮
周姝灿
龚贤夫
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The application provides a wind power output guarantee rate determination method based on energy storage optimization configuration, which comprises the following steps: firstly, wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates are calculated according to the historical wind power output; then establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the guarantee rate of wind power output by taking the minimum cost as a target; optimizing an energy storage charging and discharging strategy according to the wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates, and solving the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rates under different wind power output guarantee rates to obtain optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates; and finally, determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating the comprehensive benefit obtained by the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates. The technical scheme of the invention can determine reasonable wind power output guarantee rate, provides theoretical basis for calculation principles of wind power guarantee capacity, effective output and the like in the prior art, and is used as boundary conditions for developing power grid planning and operation research.

Description

Wind power output guarantee rate determination method and system based on energy storage optimization configuration
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power grids, in particular to a method and a system for determining a wind power output guarantee rate based on energy storage optimization configuration.
Background
The wind power output has volatility and randomness, and uncertainty is brought to the planning and operation of a power system. The simulation of the wind power output is an important basis for researching the influence of wind power on a power system, and the core content of the simulation is to form a wind power output characteristic sequence conforming to statistical characteristics. The guaranteed capacity of the wind power is that the wind power output is sequenced from large to small in the peak load period, the minimum output of the wind power under a certain wind power output guarantee rate is taken, and the guaranteed capacity of the wind power participating in power balance is mainly used for measuring the capacity of the wind power. The effective wind power output means that the wind power output is sequenced from small to large in the load valley period, the maximum wind power output under a certain wind power output guarantee rate is taken, and the capacity of the wind power participating in peak shaving balance is mainly measured.
In the prior art, the wind power guarantee capacity and the wind power effective output are generally calculated by using a parameter of the wind power output guarantee rate. Because different values of the wind power output guarantee rates have great influence on the wind power output and further influence the local power grid outgoing flow. However, the wind power output guarantee rate in the existing literature is generally considered according to 95%, and the value of the wind power output guarantee rate is not analyzed and demonstrated in detail.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for determining the wind power output guarantee rate based on energy storage optimization configuration, determine a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate, provide a theoretical basis for calculation principles of wind power guarantee capacity, effective output and the like in the prior art, and serve as boundary conditions for developing power grid planning and operation research.
The invention provides a method for determining a wind power output guarantee rate based on energy storage optimal configuration, which comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the historical wind power output;
s2, establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate by taking the minimum cost as a target; optimizing an energy storage charging and discharging strategy according to the wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates, and solving the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rates under different wind power output guarantee rates to obtain optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates;
and S3, determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating the comprehensive benefits brought by the optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates.
Preferably, in step S1, the calculating wind power output coefficients at different wind power output assurance rates according to the wind power historical output includes:
s11, calculating wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the historical wind power output sequence in the wind power day;
and S12, calculating the active power flow of the line or the main transformer of the typical local power grid in the day under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates.
Preferably, in step S11, the calculating the wind power output coefficient at different wind power output assurance rates according to the wind power intraday historical output sequence includes:
the historical output sequence for recording the time t in the wind power day is pt＝{pt,1,pt,2,...,pt,nH, wind power output p at the wind power output guarantee rate alpha at the moment tt,αComprises the following steps:
pt,α＝pt(Nα) (1)
Nα＝max(floor(n×α),1) (2)
in the formula: p is a radical oft,1≤pt,2≤...≤pt,nN is the number of historical output samples counted at the time t; alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; n is a radical ofαFor the wind power historical output sequence p under the wind power output guarantee rate alphatIs 1, floor means rounding down, max is the maximum value.
Wind power output coefficient k at t moment under guarantee rate alphat,αComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000021
in the formula: g is the installed capacity of wind power.
Preferably, in step S12, the calculating, according to the wind power output coefficient at different wind power output guarantee rates, an active power flow of a line or a main transformer of a typical intra-day local power grid at different wind power output guarantee rates includes:
line or main transformer active power flow P under wind power output guarantee rate alpha at t moment of local power grid within typical dayt,αComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000031
in the formula: pt,αRepresenting a line or main transformer active power flow at the t moment under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha;
Figure BDA0002694866190000032
representing the wind power output coefficient at the time t under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha; gwRepresenting installed capacity of each wind power plant in a local power grid; pt gRepresenting the active output of each conventional power supply in the local power grid at the moment t; pt load、
Figure BDA0002694866190000033
And respectively representing the local power grid power load and the system grid loss at the moment t.
Preferably, in step S2, establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate with the minimum cost as a target; optimizing an energy storage charging and discharging strategy according to the wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates, solving an energy storage optimal configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rates under different wind power output guarantee rates, and obtaining optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates, wherein the energy storage optimal configuration results comprise:
the method comprises the following steps of establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on wind power output guarantee rate by taking energy storage investment and maintenance cost, power fluctuation cost and tidal current out-of-limit cost as the minimum target and energy storage charging and discharging power as a decision variable:
Figure BDA0002694866190000034
in the formula: ccost(Xα) Representing energy storage investment and maintenance costs, Cfluc(Xα) Representing the line or main transformer power fluctuation cost, Cover(Xα) Representing the power flow out-of-limit punishment of a line or a main transformer; xαAs decision variables, XαExpressed as:
Figure BDA0002694866190000035
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002694866190000036
representing the energy storage charge-discharge power at t moment under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha, during charging
Figure BDA0002694866190000037
Taking positive and discharging
Figure BDA0002694866190000038
Taking the negative value; and T represents the energy storage operation period in a typical day.
The establishment of the energy storage optimal configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate starts from the aspects of promoting wind power consumption and meeting the safe power supply, and the energy storage optimal configuration not only meets the condition that the power flow of a line or a main transformer does not exceed the thermal stability limit under the guarantee rate alpha, but also has certain economical efficiency.
Preferably, the energy storage investment and maintenance cost Ccost(Xα) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000039
in the formula: beta represents the discount rate; y represents the service life of stored energy(year); d represents the number of days of energy storage year operation; cyRepresents the fixed investment of energy storage in the y year, CyThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA00026948661900000310
in the formula: c. C1And (3) representing the unit capacity cost of the energy storage system, wherein the unit is as follows: yuan/kWh, c2The operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system is expressed by the unit: yuan/(kWh.year), c3And expressing the unit power cost of the energy storage system, wherein the unit is as follows: yuan/kW; ees(Xα) Representing the energy storage capacity, P, at the wind power output guarantee rate alphaes(Xα) Representing the energy storage power under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha and the energy storage capacity E under the wind power output guarantee rate alphaes(Xα) Energy storage power P under guarantee rate alpha of wind power outputes(Xα) The calculation formula of (c) is:
Figure BDA0002694866190000041
in the formula: sM、SmRespectively representing the maximum allowable state of charge and the minimum allowable state of charge of the stored energy; Δ T is the calculation period of one charge or one discharge cycle; etac、ηdRespectively representing the efficiency in the energy storage charging state and the efficiency in the discharging state;
Figure BDA0002694866190000042
the energy storage charging mark code at the time t is 1 during charging, and 0 is taken in other time periods;
Figure BDA0002694866190000043
and (4) storing energy and discharging mark codes at the time t, taking 1 during discharging, and taking 0 in other time periods.
Preferably, the power fluctuation cost Cfluc(Xα) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000044
in the formula: lambda represents a unit power fluctuation penalty coefficient; pt(Xα) Decision variable X for considering energy storage charge-discharge powerαRear line or main transformer active power flow, Pt,avg(Xα) Is Pt(Xα) The expected value of (d) may be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002694866190000045
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002694866190000046
representing time t by considering energy storage charging and discharging power
Figure BDA0002694866190000047
The amount of change in the network loss of the rear system.
Preferably, the power flow out-of-limit penalty Cover(Xα) Comprises the following steps:
Cover(Xα)＝γ∫ΔPt(Xα)dt (12)
in the formula: gamma represents a unit out-of-limit electric quantity penalty coefficient; delta Pt(Xα) For out-of-limit power, Δ Pt(Xα) The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000048
in the formula: plimIndicating the line or main transformer thermal stability limit.
Preferably, in step S2, the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates includes:
optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy Xα,bestOptimal energy storage rated power
Figure BDA0002694866190000051
Optimum rated capacity of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000052
Obtaining an optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy X by solving an energy storage optimal configuration model based on wind power output guarantee rateα,bestThen, the optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy X is carried outα,bestSubstituting into formula (9), and calculating to obtain optimal rated power of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000053
Optimum rated capacity of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000054
Preferably, in step S3, the determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating the comprehensive benefit brought by the optimal energy storage configuration result under the different wind power guarantee rates includes:
s31, establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing the comprehensive benefits brought by different energy storage configuration results;
s32, calculating comprehensive benefits brought by optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates;
and S33, outputting the wind power output guarantee rate corresponding to the optimal energy storage configuration result with the maximum comprehensive benefit.
Preferably, in step S31, the building of the calculation model with the objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits brought by different energy storage configuration results includes:
establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing comprehensive benefits combined by wind and light abandoning benefits, emission reduction benefits and power supply reliability improving benefits:
max Fα＝Bdis,α+Bem,α+Bre,α-Ccost,α (14)
in the formula: fαRepresenting the comprehensive benefit of energy storage configuration under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha; b isdis,α、Bem,α、Bre,αRespectively representing wind and light abandoning benefits, emission reduction benefits and power supply reliability improvement benefits; ccost,αShow storeThe investment can be equal to the annual value.
Preferably, the wind power output guarantee rate alpha is configured with the energy storage wind abandoning benefit Bdis,αComprises the following steps:
Bdis,α＝(Edis,0-Edis,α)σ (15)
in the formula: sigma represents the average grid-connected electricity price of wind power; edis,0Abandoning photoelectric quantity for annual wind when not configuring energy storage, Edis,αThe annual wind curtailment electricity curtailment amount of the stored energy is configured under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha, and can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000055
wherein, Δ Pt,α、ΔPt(Xα,best) Is calculated in the same manner as in equation (12).
Preferably, the emission reduction benefit of energy storage configured under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha is Bem,α：
Bem,α＝(Edis,0-Edis,α)pCχ (17)
In the formula: pCRepresents the carbon emission price of the batch; and chi represents the carbon dioxide emission reduction factor per unit of electricity.
Preferably, the wind power output guarantee rate alpha is configured with energy storage to improve the power supply reliability benefit Bre,αComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000061
in the formula: t isreRepresenting annual power off time;
Figure BDA0002694866190000062
representing the average power load in the power failure time; δ represents the unit outage loss cost.
Preferably, the energy storage investment has an equal annual value Ccost,αThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000063
in the formula: cyThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000064
the invention provides a wind power output guarantee rate determination system based on energy storage optimal configuration, which comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a historical wind power output sequence;
the model establishing module is used for establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate and establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing the comprehensive benefits obtained by different energy storage configuration results;
the energy storage configuration optimization module is used for solving the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate to obtain the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates;
the comprehensive benefit calculation module is used for calculating the comprehensive benefits brought by the optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates according to a calculation model which aims at maximizing the comprehensive benefits obtained according to different energy storage configuration results;
and the output module is used for outputting the wind power output guarantee rate corresponding to the optimal energy storage configuration result which enables the comprehensive benefit to be maximum.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a method for determining wind power output guarantee rate based on energy storage optimization configuration, which comprises the steps of firstly, calculating wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates according to wind power historical output; then establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the guarantee rate of wind power output by taking the minimum cost as a target; solving the energy storage optimal configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate to obtain optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates; and finally, determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating the comprehensive benefit obtained by the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention combines the application of the energy storage technology in the wind power consumption problem, analyzes the influence of the energy storage optimization configuration results under different guarantee rates on the planning and operation of the power grid, and selects the wind power output guarantee rate capable of realizing the maximum comprehensive benefit; the wind power output guarantee rate determined by the invention can provide theoretical basis for the calculation principle of calculating the guarantee capacity and the effective output of the wind power in the prior art, and is used as a boundary condition for developing power grid planning and operation research.
The invention also provides a wind power output guarantee rate determination system based on the energy storage optimization configuration, and the wind power output guarantee rate determination system based on the energy storage optimization configuration has the same beneficial effects as the wind power output guarantee rate determination method based on the energy storage optimization configuration.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining a wind power output guarantee rate based on energy storage optimization configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining a wind power output guarantee rate based on energy storage optimization configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows an actual wind farm 12 in the Zhanjiang area according to an embodiment of the present invention: a graph of the change relationship of the wind power output coefficient with the guarantee rate of the wind power output at 00 hours;
FIG. 4 is a simplified geographic wiring diagram of a power grid in a certain area of Guangdong province according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph illustrating an optimized power flow curve and an energy storage charging and discharging strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the overall benefit under different assurance rates provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a wind power output guarantee rate determination system based on energy storage optimization configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application provides a wind power output guarantee rate determination method based on energy storage optimal configuration, which comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the historical wind power output;
s2, establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate by taking the minimum cost as a target; optimizing an energy storage charging and discharging strategy according to the wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates, and solving the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rates under different wind power output guarantee rates to obtain optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates;
and S3, determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating the comprehensive benefits brought by the optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates.
Specifically, in step S1 of this embodiment, the calculating the wind power output coefficient under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the wind power historical output includes:
s11, calculating wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the historical wind power output sequence in the wind power day;
and S12, calculating the active power flow of the line or the main transformer of the typical local power grid in the day under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates.
In step S11 of this embodiment, calculating wind power output coefficients at different wind power output assurance rates according to the wind power intraday historical output sequence includes:
recording historical output sequence p at t moment in wind power dayt＝{pt,1,pt,2,...,pt,nH, wind power output p at the wind power output guarantee rate alpha at the moment tt,αComprises the following steps:
pt,α＝pt(Nα) (1)
Nα＝max(floor(n×α),1) (2)
in the formula: p is a radical oft,1≤pt,2≤...≤pt,nN is the number of historical output samples counted at the time t; alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; n is a radical ofαFor the wind power historical output sequence p under the wind power output guarantee rate alphatIs 1, floor means rounding down, max is the maximum value.
Wind power output coefficient k at t moment under guarantee rate alphat,αComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000081
in the formula: g is the installed wind power capacity.
In this embodiment, in the step S12, the calculating, according to the wind power output coefficients at different wind power output guarantee rates, an active power flow of a line or a main transformer of a typical local power grid at different wind power output guarantee rates in the day includes:
line or main transformer active power flow P under wind power output guarantee rate alpha at t moment of local power grid within typical dayt,αComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000091
in the formula: pt,αRepresenting a line or main transformer active power flow at the t moment under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha;
Figure BDA0002694866190000092
indicating the wind power output guarantee rate alphaWind power output coefficient at the next t moment; gwRepresenting installed capacity of each wind power plant in a local power grid; pt gRepresenting the active output of each conventional power supply in the local power grid at the moment t; pt load、
Figure BDA0002694866190000093
And respectively representing the local power grid power load and the system grid loss at the moment t.
In step S2 of this embodiment, the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate is established with the minimum cost as a target; according to the wind power output coefficient optimization energy storage charging and discharging strategy under different wind power output guarantee rates, solving the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate under different wind power output guarantee rates to obtain the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on wind power output guarantee rate by taking energy storage investment and maintenance cost, power fluctuation cost and tidal current out-of-limit cost as the minimum target and energy storage charging and discharging power as a decision variable:
Figure BDA0002694866190000094
in the formula: ccost(Xα) Representing energy storage investment and maintenance costs, Cfluc(Xα) Representing the line or main transformer power fluctuation cost, Cover(Xα) Representing the out-of-limit punishment of the power flow of the line or the main transformer; xαAs decision variables, XαExpressed as:
Figure BDA0002694866190000095
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002694866190000096
representing the energy storage charge-discharge power at t moment under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha, during charging
Figure BDA0002694866190000097
Taking positive and discharging
Figure BDA0002694866190000098
Taking the negative value; and T represents the energy storage operation period in a typical day.
The energy storage investment and maintenance cost Ccost(Xα) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000099
in the formula: beta represents the discount rate; y represents the energy storage service life (year); d represents the number of days of energy storage year operation; cyRepresents the fixed investment of energy storage in the y year, CyThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000101
in the formula: c. C1And (3) representing the unit capacity cost of the energy storage system, wherein the unit is as follows: yuan/kWh, c2The operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system is expressed by the unit: yuan/(kWh year), c3And expressing the unit power cost of the energy storage system, wherein the unit is as follows: yuan/kW; ees(Xα) Representing the energy storage capacity, P, at the wind power output guarantee rate alphaes(Xα) The energy storage power under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha and the energy storage capacity E under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha are representedes(Xα) Energy storage power P under guarantee rate alpha of wind power outputes(Xα) The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000102
in the formula: sM、SmRespectively representing the maximum allowable state of charge and the minimum allowable state of charge of the stored energy; Δ T is the calculation period of one charge or one discharge cycle; etac、ηdRespectively representing the effects of the stored energy charging statesRate and efficiency in the discharged state;
Figure BDA0002694866190000103
storing energy and charging mark codes for t moment, wherein 1 is taken during charging, and 0 is taken in other time periods;
Figure BDA0002694866190000104
and (4) storing energy and discharging mark codes at the time t, taking 1 during discharging, and taking 0 in other time periods.
The power fluctuation cost Cfluc(Xα) Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000105
in the formula: lambda represents a unit power fluctuation penalty coefficient; pt(Xα) Decision variable X for considering energy storage charge-discharge powerαActive power flow of rear line or main transformer, Pt,avg(Xα) Is Pt(Xα) The expected value of (c) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002694866190000106
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002694866190000107
representing time t by considering energy storage charging and discharging power
Figure BDA0002694866190000108
The amount of change in the network loss of the rear system.
Penalty of power flow crossing Cover(Xα) Comprises the following steps:
Cover(Xα)＝γ∫ΔPt(Xα)dt (12)
in the formula: gamma represents a unit out-of-limit electric quantity penalty coefficient; delta Pt(Xα) For out-of-limit power, Δ Pt(Xα) The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000109
in the formula: plimIndicating line or main transformer thermal stability limits.
The problem of the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate belongs to the problem of multi-decision variable optimization, and the problem is solved by adopting a particle swarm algorithm widely applied in power system planning.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates includes:
optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy Xα,bestOptimal energy storage rated power
Figure BDA0002694866190000111
Optimum rated capacity of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000112
Obtaining an optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy X by solving an energy storage optimal configuration model based on wind power output guarantee rateα,bestThen, the optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy X is carried outα,bestSubstituting into formula (9), and calculating to obtain optimal rated power of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000113
Optimum rated capacity of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000114
In this embodiment, in step S3, determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating a comprehensive benefit brought by the optimal energy storage configuration result under the different wind power guarantee rates includes:
s31, establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing the comprehensive benefits obtained by different energy storage configuration results;
s32, calculating comprehensive benefits brought by optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates;
and S33, outputting the wind power output guarantee rate corresponding to the optimal energy storage configuration result with the maximum comprehensive benefit.
In step S31 of this embodiment, the building of the calculation model with the objective of maximizing the comprehensive benefits brought by different energy storage configuration results includes:
establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing comprehensive benefits combined by wind and light abandoning benefits, emission reduction benefits and power supply reliability improving benefits:
max Fα＝Bdis,α+Bem,α+Bre,α-Ccost,α (14)
in the formula: fαRepresenting the comprehensive benefit of energy storage configuration under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha; b isdis,α、Bem,α、Bre,αRespectively representing wind and light abandoning benefits, emission reduction benefits and power supply reliability improvement benefits; ccost,αRepresenting the annual value of energy storage investment.
Configuring energy storage wind abandoning benefit B under wind power output guarantee rate alphadis,αComprises the following steps:
Bdis,α＝(Edis,0-Edis,α)σ (15)
in the formula: sigma represents the average grid-connection electricity price of the wind power; edis,0Abandoning photoelectric quantity for annual wind when not configuring energy storage, Edis,αThe annual wind curtailment electricity curtailment amount of the stored energy is configured under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha, and can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000121
wherein, Δ Pt,α、ΔPt(Xα,best) Is calculated in the same manner as in equation (12).
The emission reduction benefit of energy storage configured under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha is Bem,α：
Bem,α＝(Edis,0-Edis,α)pCχ (17)
In the formula: p isCIndicating the price of carbon emissions in a batch(ii) a And chi represents the carbon dioxide emission reduction factor per unit of electricity.
Configuration of energy storage under wind power output guarantee rate alpha to improve power supply reliability benefit Bre,αComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002694866190000122
in the formula: t isreRepresenting annual power off time;
Figure BDA0002694866190000123
representing the average power load in the power failure time; δ represents the unit outage cost.
The energy storage investment equal annual value Ccost,αThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000124
in the formula: cyThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002694866190000125
specifically, a calculation flow of the wind power output guarantee rate determination method based on the energy storage optimization configuration in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2.
S201, calculating new energy output coefficient curves under N guarantee rates according to the historical new energy output statistics, and enabling i to be 1;
s202, building a power system load flow calculation model, and calculating to obtain a power system load flow calculation result;
s203, building an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate, and solving by adopting a particle swarm algorithm.
S204, updating new energy output data according to the ith guarantee rate, and initializing the position and the speed of a particle swarm;
s205, updating energy storage charge and discharge power according to the particle parameters, performing load flow calculation, and calculating a target function of each particle;
s206, solving an individual optimal solution and a group optimal solution, and updating the position and the speed of the particles;
s207, judging whether a termination condition of the particle swarm algorithm is met; if not, go to S205; if so; then go to S208;
s208, generating an energy storage optimal charging and discharging strategy under the ith guarantee rate to obtain corresponding energy storage rated power and energy storage rated capacity;
s209, judging whether the condition i is less than N; if yes, go to S210; if not, the process goes to S211;
s211, respectively calculating comprehensive benefits brought by energy storage optimization configuration results under N guarantee rates according to the energy storage optimization configuration results under the N guarantee rates;
and S212, outputting the guarantee rate corresponding to the energy storage optimization configuration result with the maximum comprehensive benefit.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme is explained by combining the relation between the wind power output coefficient and the wind power output of the actual wind power plant. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows an actual wind farm 12 in the Zhanjiang region: a relation graph of the wind power output coefficient at 00 hours changing along with the wind power output guarantee rate can be obtained from fig. 3, and when the guarantee rate is 50%, the corresponding wind power plant output coefficient is only 0.14; when the guarantee rate is 80%, the corresponding output coefficient is less than 0.5; and when the guarantee rate reaches 95%, the corresponding output coefficient reaches 0.85. Therefore, the wind power output coefficients corresponding to the values of different guarantee rates have larger difference, so that the influence on the wind power output is larger, and the local power grid outgoing flow is further influenced. The guarantee rate in the existing literature is generally considered as 95%, and the detailed analysis and demonstration are not carried out on the guarantee rate. The technical scheme of the invention combines the application of the energy storage technology in the wind power consumption problem, analyzes the influence of the energy storage optimization configuration results under different guarantee rates on the planning and operation of the power grid, and selects the wind power output guarantee rate capable of realizing the maximum comprehensive benefit.
Another embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to a power grid in a certain area of Guangdong province, specifically referring to fig. 4, where fig. 4 is a simplified geographic wiring diagram of a power grid in a certain area of Guangdong province. A power flow calculation model of the regional power system is built, and a 'volt wave-north and-ebonite-volt wave' line (hereinafter referred to as a volt-north line) is known from a power flow calculation result, and the situation that partial periods of power flow crosses the line is serious due to the fact that the section of a conducting wire is small and the scale of a wind power installation is large. Taking the guarantee rate α of wind power output as 100%, the parameters of the lithium battery system are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 lithium cell parameters
Figure BDA0002694866190000131
Calculating according to the step S2 in the previous embodiment, and establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate with the aim of minimum cost; and solving the energy storage optimal configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate to obtain the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates.
The problem of the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate belongs to the problem of multi-decision variable optimization, and the problem is solved by adopting a particle swarm algorithm widely applied in power system planning. Solving optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy X through particle swarm optimizationα,bestAnd calculating the optimal rated power of the stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000141
Optimum rated capacity of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000142
The obtained optimized power flow curve and the energy storage charge and discharge strategy are shown in fig. 5, and fig. 5 is a graph of the optimized power flow curve and the energy storage charge and discharge strategy when the wind power output guarantee rate α provided by the embodiment of the invention is 100%. The optimal energy storage rated power when the wind power output guarantee rate alpha is 100 percent can be obtained through calculation
Figure BDA0002694866190000143
Optimum rated capacity of stored energy
Figure BDA0002694866190000144
Further, the calculation operation is performed for each guarantee rate of the north-volt line when the load flow crosses the line, so that energy storage charging and discharging strategies under different guarantee rates are obtained, and the optimal configuration result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 energy storage optimization configuration results at different guarantees
Figure BDA0002694866190000145
As can be seen from table 2, when the guarantee rate of the wind power output is increased, the level of the wind power delivery curve is greatly increased, and the rated power and the rated capacity of the energy storage to be configured are greatly increased.
And according to the calculation of the step S3 in the previous embodiment, determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating the comprehensive benefit obtained by calculating the optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates.
By calculating to obtain Edis,0454.05 MWh. When the guarantee rate alpha of wind power output is 100%, the condition that the regional power grid does not generate wind abandon and light abandon, namely Edis,100％When the wind is turned into 454.05MWh, the wind abandoning benefit and the emission reduction benefit are the maximum, and reach 166 ten thousand yuan. Meanwhile, the stored energy has larger rated power, so that the uninterrupted power supply capability of all users under the condition of power failure can be maintained, and the power supply reliability benefit is larger and reaches 1067 ten thousand yuan. However, the energy storage configuration scale is too large, and the annual value of investment is too high to reach 2592 ten thousand yuan, so that the comprehensive benefit is a negative value, namely the actual effect of energy storage planning according to 100% guarantee rate is not good.
The overall benefit obtained by calculation based on equation (14) at different assurance rates is shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from fig. 6, when the wind power output securing rate α is 97%, the maximum benefit F can be obtained97％197 ten thousand yuan. When alpha exceeds 97%, due to the integral improvement of the wind power output curve level, although the improvement of the energy storage rated power is not large, the improvement of the energy storage rated capacity is large, so that the increase of the investment cost is far larger than the improvement of the benefit. Based on the analysis, the influence of the energy storage optimization configuration results under different guarantee rates on the power grid planning and operation is large,therefore, the wind power output guarantee rate determining method based on the energy storage optimal configuration can determine reasonable wind power output guarantee rate to serve as boundary conditions for developing power grid planning and operation research.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wind power output guarantee rate determination system based on energy storage optimization configuration, as shown in fig. 7, including:
the data acquisition module 101 is used for acquiring a wind power historical output sequence and wind power installation data for building and planning;
the model establishing module 102 is used for establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate and establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing comprehensive benefits obtained by different energy storage configuration results;
the energy storage configuration optimization module 103 is configured to solve the energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate to obtain an optimal energy storage configuration result under different wind power guarantee rates;
the comprehensive benefit calculation module 104 is configured to calculate comprehensive benefits brought by optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates according to a calculation model with a goal of maximizing the comprehensive benefits obtained according to different energy storage configuration results;
and the output module 105 is used for outputting the wind power output guarantee rate corresponding to the optimal energy storage configuration result which enables the comprehensive benefit to be maximum.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A wind power output guarantee rate determination method based on energy storage optimization configuration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, calculating wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates according to wind power historical output, and calculating active power flows of lines or main transformers of a typical local power grid in the day under different wind power output guarantee rates according to the wind power output coefficients;
s2, establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on the wind power output guarantee rate by taking the minimum cost as a target; optimizing energy storage charging and discharging strategies according to the wind power output coefficients under different wind power output guarantee rates, and solving the energy storage optimal configuration model under different wind power output guarantee rates to obtain optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates;
the step S2 of establishing the energy storage optimization configuration model includes:
the method comprises the following steps of establishing an energy storage optimization configuration model based on wind power output guarantee rate by taking energy storage investment and maintenance cost, power fluctuation cost and tidal current out-of-limit cost as the minimum target and energy storage charging and discharging power as a decision variable:
Figure FDA0003592290020000011
in the formula: ccost(Xα) Representing energy storage investment and maintenance costs, Cfluc(Xα) Representing the line or main transformer power fluctuation cost, Cover(Xα) Representing the power flow out-of-limit punishment of a line or a main transformer; xαAs decision variables, XαExpressed as:
Figure FDA0003592290020000012
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003592290020000013
the energy storage charging and discharging power at t moment under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha is represented, and during charging
Figure FDA0003592290020000014
Taking positive and discharging
Figure FDA0003592290020000015
Taking the negative value; t represents the energy storage operation period in a typical day;
and S3, determining a reasonable wind power output guarantee rate by calculating the comprehensive benefits brought by the optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates.
2. The method for determining wind power output assurance rate based on energy storage optimization configuration according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 includes:
the historical output sequence for recording the time t in the wind power day is pt＝{pt1,pt2,...,ptnH, wind power output p at the wind power output guarantee rate alpha at the moment tt,αComprises the following steps:
pt,α＝pt(Nα)
Nα＝max(floor(n×α),1)
in the formula: p is a radical oft1≤pt2≤...≤ptnN is the number of historical output samples counted at the time t; alpha is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; n is a radical ofαFor the wind power historical output sequence p under the wind power output guarantee rate alphatIs 1, floor means rounding down, max is the maximum value.
3. The method for determining the wind power output guarantee rate based on the energy storage optimization configuration according to claim 1, wherein the optimal energy storage configuration result comprises:
optimal energy storage charging and discharging strategy Xα,bestOptimal energy storage rated power
Figure FDA0003592290020000021
Optimum rated capacity of stored energy
Figure FDA0003592290020000022
4. The method for determining wind power output assurance rate based on energy storage optimization configuration according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 includes:
s31, establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing the comprehensive benefits brought by different energy storage configuration results;
s32, calculating comprehensive benefits brought by optimal energy storage configuration results under different wind power guarantee rates;
and S33, outputting the wind power output guarantee rate corresponding to the optimal energy storage configuration result with the maximum comprehensive benefit.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the establishing of the calculation model in the step S31 includes:
establishing a calculation model aiming at maximizing comprehensive benefits combined by wind and light abandoning benefits, emission reduction benefits and power supply reliability improving benefits:
max Fα＝Bdis,α+Bem,α+Bre,α-Ccost,α，
in the formula: fαRepresenting the comprehensive benefit of energy storage configuration under the wind power output guarantee rate alpha; b isdis,α、Bem,α、Bre,αRespectively representing wind and light abandoning benefits, emission reduction benefits and power supply reliability improvement benefits; ccost,αRepresenting the annual value of energy storage investment.
6. A wind power output assurance rate determination system based on energy storage optimization configuration is characterized by being used for executing the wind power output assurance rate determination method based on energy storage optimization configuration according to any one of claims 1-5.
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