CN112038659A - Flow field plate suitable for fuel cell and fuel cell - Google Patents
Flow field plate suitable for fuel cell and fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112038659A CN112038659A CN202010917045.0A CN202010917045A CN112038659A CN 112038659 A CN112038659 A CN 112038659A CN 202010917045 A CN202010917045 A CN 202010917045A CN 112038659 A CN112038659 A CN 112038659A
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- flow
- field plate
- fuel cell
- flow channel
- flow field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0263—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant having meandering or serpentine paths
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention provides a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell and the fuel cell, the flow field plate suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell comprises a flow field plate, wherein an air inlet, an air outlet and a flow channel are arranged on the flow field plate, the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated through the flow channel, ridges are arranged on two sides of the flow channel, grooves are arranged on the ridges, the grooves are continuously arranged along the length direction of the flow channel, and the flow channel is communicated with the grooves. Meanwhile, the air flow disturbance is enhanced, mass transfer of reactant gas to the gas diffusion layer is facilitated, the convection heat transfer area is increased through the grooves, the heat transfer capability in the flow channel is enhanced, and heat discharge is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell and the fuel cell, and especially relates to a flow field plate suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell and the fuel cell comprising the flow field plate.
Background
A fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy stored in fuel into electrical energy by means of an electrochemical reaction. The energy conversion device has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, quick start, low working temperature, small tail gas pollution and the like, and is widely concerned by researchers in many fields. The water management problem of the fuel cell is always the key problem in the performance optimization of the fuel cell, and when the electric pile works under a larger current density, the water flooding problem is easy to occur, and reaction gas is prevented from reaching active sites, so that the performance of the fuel cell is greatly reduced. Therefore, measures are needed to improve the water management of the fuel cell and to ensure the operational performance of the stack.
The bipolar plate is one of the key components of the fuel cell, and the flow channel form on the bipolar plate determines the flow field distribution of the oxidant and the fuel gas, and influences the uniform distribution of reactant gas on the electrode and the liquid water distribution in the flow channel. Therefore, the water management problem of the fuel cell can be effectively improved by using a reasonable flow field structure, and the working performance of the electric pile is improved.
Patent document CN106571472B discloses a fuel cell metal bipolar plate with enhanced fluid uniformity, which is formed by connecting a cathode single plate and an anode single plate with unequal height flow channels formed by metal sheets, and sealing members are assembled in sealing grooves on both sides of the connected bipolar plate. This patent is through changing the runner height along gas flow direction, compensates because of the gas concentration maldistribution that gas consumption leads to can improve the gas flow rate of export, promote the discharge of liquid water in the runner, but this design can only improve the terminal gas flow rate of runner, reduces the liquid water in export and piles up, can't consider the liquid water discharge in whole flow field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell and the fuel cell.
The flow field plate comprises a flow field plate, wherein the flow field plate is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a flow channel, the air inlet and the air outlet are communicated through the flow channel, and two sides of the flow channel are provided with ridges;
the ridges are provided with grooves which are continuously arranged along the length direction of the flow channel, wherein the flow channel is communicated with the grooves.
Preferably, the cross section of the flow channel is a trapezoidal structure.
Preferably, the cross section of the groove is any one of a rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular or semi-elliptical structure.
Preferably, the flow channel adopts any one of the following arrangement forms:
-a straight flow channel;
-a serpentine flow channel comprising an S-shaped flow channel and an interdigitated flow channel;
-zigzag flow channels.
Preferably, when the flow channels are straight flow channels or zigzag flow channels, the number of the flow channels is multiple, the flow channels are sequentially arranged at intervals, and a ridge is arranged between every two adjacent flow channels.
Preferably, when the flow channel is a straight flow channel, a plurality of flow channels are sequentially arranged in parallel at intervals.
Preferably, each of the flow passages is matched with an air inlet and an air outlet.
Preferably, the groove is located in the middle of the ridge in the height direction.
Preferably, the flow field plate is made of graphite material or metal.
The fuel cell provided by the invention comprises a cathode flow field plate and an anode flow field plate, wherein at least one of the cathode flow field plate and the anode flow field plate adopts the flow field plate suitable for the fuel cell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a flow field plate suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, wherein the flow field plate divides a contact interface of liquid water by forming grooves on wall surfaces at two sides of a ridge, so that the effective contact area of liquid drops and the wall surfaces of a flow channel is greatly reduced, the formation of a water film in the flow channel is relieved, the gas flow velocity is increased, and the discharge of the liquid water is facilitated. Meanwhile, the structure also strengthens airflow disturbance, is favorable for mass transfer of reactant gas to the gas diffusion layer, and the grooves also increase the convection heat transfer area, so that the heat transfer capability in the flow channel is strengthened, and the heat is favorably discharged.
2. The flow field plate can reduce the accumulation of liquid water in the flow channel and prevent the problem of flooding, the adopted groove structure can increase the convection heat exchange area, enhance the mass transfer and heat exchange capability of the flow field, ensure the high-efficiency and stable output of the liquid water and heat in the fuel cell and ensure the more uniform distribution of the temperature field.
3. The groove structure provided by the invention is convenient to process and manufacture, is beneficial to large-scale application and popularization, and has strong practicability.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the portion A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of example 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at the position B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of example 3;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure of the area C in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of example 4;
fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the structure of the portion D in fig. 7.
The figures show that:
Channel 3 groove 6
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell, which is mainly suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and an oxyhydrogen fuel cell. As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the flow field plate comprises a flow field plate 5, wherein an air inlet 1, an air outlet 2 and a flow channel 3 are arranged on the flow field plate 5, the air inlet 1 and the air outlet 2 are communicated through the flow channel 3, ridges 4 are arranged on two sides of the flow channel 3, grooves 6 are arranged on the ridges 4, the grooves 6 are continuously arranged along the length direction of the flow channel 3 and penetrate through the whole flow channel 3, the grooves 6 are positioned in the middle of the ridges 4 along the height direction, the flow channel 3 is respectively communicated with the grooves 6 on the two sides, and the flow channel 3 and the grooves 6 on the two sides form a channel for conveying fluid together.
Specifically, the cross section of the groove 6 along the direction perpendicular to the length direction, that is, the cross section of the groove 6, can be set in various forms, such as a rectangle, a triangle, or a trapezoid, a semicircle, or a semi-ellipse, and the like, the cross section of the flow channel 3 is a flow channel cross section 7, and the flow channel cross section 7 is a trapezoid structure.
Specifically, the structural arrangement of the flow channel 3 may also be provided in various forms according to actual requirements, for example, a straight flow channel, for example, a folded flow channel, and a serpentine flow channel, where the S-shaped flow channel and the interdigitated flow channel are both in the structural form of a serpentine flow channel.
Further, when the runner 3 adopts a straight runner or a folded runner, the number of the runners 3 is multiple, the runners 3 are arranged at intervals in sequence, wherein a ridge 4 is arranged between every two adjacent runners 3, and each runner 3 is matched with an air inlet 1 and an air outlet 2. In a preferred embodiment, when the flow channel 3 is a straight flow channel, a plurality of flow channels 3 are sequentially arranged in parallel at intervals, as shown in fig. 1.
In practical applications, the flow field plate 5 is made of graphite material or metal.
The invention also provides a fuel cell which can be a hydrogen-air fuel cell or a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell comprises a cathode flow field plate and an anode flow field plate, and at least one of the cathode flow field plate and the anode flow field plate adopts the flow field plate suitable for the fuel cell. The fuel cell of the invention reduces the accumulation of liquid water in the flow channel and enhances the mass transfer and heat exchange capacity by adopting the flow field plate, so the fuel cell of the invention has better performance.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell, which is mainly suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the flow field plate 5 is made of graphite material and includes an air inlet 1, an air outlet 2, a flow channel 3 and a ridge 4, two sides of the ridge 4 are respectively provided with a groove 6, and the groove 6 penetrates through the whole flow channel 3. The gas inlet 1 and the gas outlet 2 are connected through a flow channel 3 on a flow field plate 5. The flow channel 3 adopts a parallel flow channel, the flow channel section 7 adopts a trapezoidal section, and as shown in figure 2, grooves 6 on two sides of the flow channel adopt triangular grooves. When the flow field plate 5 works, gas is introduced into the gas inlet 1, moves and reacts along the flow channel 3, reaches the gas outlet 2, and discharges unreacted gas and water generated by the reaction. Ridges 4 and flow channels 3 in the flow field plate 5 are alternately arranged, and the flow field plate 5 is supported and gas is separated. The grooves 6 are grooves on two side wall surfaces of the ridge 4 and are communicated with the flow channel 3, the enlarged view of the section 7 of the flow channel in the figure 2 and the grooves 6 divide the flat wall surfaces on two sides of the ridge 4 into interfaces, so that the effective contact area of water drops and the wall surfaces is reduced, a continuous water film is prevented from being formed in the flow channel 3, and the liquid water is discharged. Meanwhile, the grooves 6 cause certain disturbance to the air flow and increase the convection heat exchange area, so that the mass transfer capacity and the heat exchange capacity of the flow field are enhanced, the chemical reaction rate is improved, and the uniformity of the temperature field is ensured.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell, which is mainly suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the flow field plate 5 is made of graphite material, and includes an air inlet 1, an air outlet 2, a flow channel 3, and a ridge 4, wherein grooves are arranged on two sides of the ridge 4, and the grooves are communicated with the flow channel 3. The gas inlet 1 and the gas outlet 2 are connected through a flow channel 3 on a flow field plate 5. The flow channel 3 adopts a snake-shaped flow channel, as shown in fig. 4, the section 7 of the flow channel adopts a trapezoidal section, and the grooves 6 at two sides of the flow channel 3 adopt rectangular grooves. When the flow field plate 5 works, gas is introduced into the gas inlet 1, moves and reacts along the flow channel 3, reaches the gas outlet 2, and discharges unreacted gas and water generated by the reaction. Ridges 4 and flow channels 3 in the flow field plate 5 are alternately arranged, and the flow field plate 5 is supported and gas is separated. The rectangular channel carries out the interface with the smooth wall in 4 both sides of spine and cuts apart, has reduced the effective area of contact of water droplet with the wall, avoids forming continuous water film in the runner, is favorable to the discharge of liquid water. Meanwhile, the grooves 6 cause certain disturbance to the air flow and increase the convection heat exchange area, so that the mass transfer capacity and the heat exchange capacity of the flow field are enhanced, the chemical reaction rate is improved, and the uniformity of the temperature field is ensured.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 5, a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell, which is mainly suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the flow field plate 5 is made of a metal material, and includes an air inlet 1, an air outlet 2, a flow channel 3, and a ridge 4, and grooves 6 are respectively provided on two sides of the ridge 4. The gas inlet 1 and the gas outlet 2 are connected through a flow channel 3 on a flow field plate 5. The flow channel 3 is a folded flow channel, the cross section 7 of the flow channel is a trapezoidal cross section, and as shown in fig. 6, the grooves 6 on two sides of the flow channel are triangular grooves. When the flow field plate 5 works, gas is introduced into the gas inlet 1, moves and reacts along the flow channel 3, reaches the gas outlet 2, and discharges unreacted gas and water generated by the reaction. Ridges 4 and flow channels 3 in the flow field plate 5 are alternately arranged, and the flow field plate 5 is supported and gas is separated. The groove 6 divides the flat wall surfaces on the two sides of the ridge 4 into interfaces, so that the effective contact area of water drops and the ridge wall is reduced, a continuous water film is prevented from being formed in the flow channel, and the liquid water is discharged. Meanwhile, the grooves 6 cause certain disturbance to the air flow and increase the convection heat exchange area, so that the mass transfer capacity and the heat exchange capacity of the flow field are enhanced, the chemical reaction rate is improved, and the uniformity of the temperature field is ensured.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 7, a flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell, mainly suitable for a hydrogen-air fuel cell and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, the flow field plate 5 is made of a metal material, and includes an air inlet 1, an air outlet 2, a flow channel 3, and a ridge 4, and grooves 6 are respectively disposed on two sides of the ridge 4. The gas inlet 1 and the gas outlet 2 are connected through a flow channel 3 on a flow field plate 5. The flow channel 3 adopts an S-shaped flow channel, the section 7 of the flow channel adopts a trapezoidal section, and as shown in figure 8, the grooves 6 at two sides of the flow channel 3 adopt semicircular grooves. When the flow field plate 5 works, gas is introduced into the gas inlet 1, moves and reacts along the flow channel 3, reaches the gas outlet 2, and discharges unreacted gas and water generated by the reaction. Ridges 4 and flow channels 3 in the flow field plate 5 are alternately arranged, and the flow field plate 5 is supported and gas is separated. The groove 6 divides the flat wall surfaces on the two sides of the ridge 4 into interfaces, so that the effective contact area of water drops and the wall surfaces is reduced, a continuous water film is prevented from being formed in the runner 3, and the liquid water is discharged. Meanwhile, the grooves 6 cause certain disturbance to the air flow and increase the convection heat exchange area, so that the mass transfer capacity and the heat exchange capacity of the flow field are enhanced, the chemical reaction rate is improved, and the uniformity of the temperature field is ensured.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A flow field plate suitable for a fuel cell is characterized by comprising a flow field plate (5), wherein an air inlet (1), an air outlet (2) and a flow channel (3) are arranged on the flow field plate (5), the air inlet (1) and the air outlet (2) are communicated through the flow channel (3), and ridges (4) are arranged on two sides of the flow channel (3);
the ridge (4) is provided with a groove (6), the groove (6) is continuously arranged along the length direction of the flow channel (3), and the flow channel (3) is communicated with the groove (6).
2. A flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the cross-section of the flow channels (3) is a trapezoidal structure.
3. A flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the cross-section of the grooves (6) is in any one of a rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semi-circular or semi-elliptical configuration.
4. A flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the flow channels (3) are in any one of the following arrangements:
-a straight flow channel;
-a serpentine flow channel comprising an S-shaped flow channel and an interdigitated flow channel;
-zigzag flow channels.
5. A flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein when the flow channels (3) are straight flow channels or zigzag flow channels, the number of the flow channels (3) is multiple, the multiple flow channels (3) are sequentially arranged at intervals, and a ridge (4) is provided between every two adjacent flow channels (3).
6. A flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein when the flow channel (3) is a straight flow channel, a plurality of flow channels (3) are arranged in parallel and at a spacing in sequence.
7. A flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 5 or claim 6, characterised in that each flow channel (3) is matched with an inlet port (1) and an outlet port (2).
8. A flow field plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the grooves (6) are located in the middle of the ridges (4) in the height direction.
9. A flow field plate suitable for use in a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the flow field plate (5) is made of a graphite material or a metal.
10. A fuel cell comprising a cathode flow field plate and an anode flow field plate, at least one of which employs a flow field plate suitable for use in a fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010917045.0A CN112038659A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Flow field plate suitable for fuel cell and fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010917045.0A CN112038659A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Flow field plate suitable for fuel cell and fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112038659A true CN112038659A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010917045.0A Pending CN112038659A (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2020-09-03 | Flow field plate suitable for fuel cell and fuel cell |
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| CN (1) | CN112038659A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112713295A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-27 | 厦门大学 | Flat-plate solid oxide fuel cell stack with serpentine air passage |
| CN113903961A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-07 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Bipolar plate assembly and fuel cell |
| CN114068977A (en) * | 2021-10-10 | 2022-02-18 | 北京工业大学 | Self-adaptive flow field plate of fuel cell capable of automatically switching point-shaped flow field and parallel flow field |
| CN115000455A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江氢邦科技有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell connector |
-
2020
- 2020-09-03 CN CN202010917045.0A patent/CN112038659A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112713295A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-27 | 厦门大学 | Flat-plate solid oxide fuel cell stack with serpentine air passage |
| CN114068977A (en) * | 2021-10-10 | 2022-02-18 | 北京工业大学 | Self-adaptive flow field plate of fuel cell capable of automatically switching point-shaped flow field and parallel flow field |
| CN113903961A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-07 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Bipolar plate assembly and fuel cell |
| CN115000455A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-09-02 | 浙江氢邦科技有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell connector |
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