CN112034524B - Double-detector well stratum capture section calculation method - Google Patents
Double-detector well stratum capture section calculation method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910014323 Lanthanum(III) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XKUYOJZZLGFZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) bromide Chemical compound Br[La](Br)Br XKUYOJZZLGFZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- OWUGOENUEKACGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Ni].[W] Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni].[W] OWUGOENUEKACGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010952 in-situ formation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
- G01V5/04—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V5/08—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays
- G01V5/10—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays using neutron sources
- G01V5/101—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays using neutron sources and detecting the secondary Y-rays produced in the surrounding layers of the bore hole
- G01V5/102—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays using neutron sources and detecting the secondary Y-rays produced in the surrounding layers of the bore hole the neutron source being of the pulsed type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring a stratum capture section in a double-detector well. The invention adopts a measuring device consisting of a D-T controllable neutron source, a W-Ni-Fe shielding body and two LaBr3 gamma detectors to measure in a borehole; the emission and closing of a neutron source are controlled through pulse time sequence, and non-bullet and gamma information is measured by utilizing a gamma detector respectively, so that capture gamma time spectrums of a near detector and a far detector, capture gamma counts and non-bullet gamma counts of the near detector are obtained; calculating a view capture section at a near and far detector using a gamma time spectrum; then, according to the gamma counts, respectively calculating the capture gamma count ratio RCAP at the near detector and the far detector and the non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC at the near detector, and determining the equivalent capture cross sections of the diffusion effect at the near detector and the far detector; the corrected formation capture section is calculated in combination with the apparent capture section and the diffusion effect equivalent capture section. The method improves the calculation accuracy of the stratum capture section, and is beneficial to accurately evaluating the oil-gas characteristic of the stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and particularly relates to a calculation method of a stratum capture section in a double-detector well.
Background
At present, periodic neutron pulses are mainly emitted to the stratum through a pulse neutron source in measurement of the stratum capture section, a gamma time spectrum is measured through a gamma detector in the pulse closing period, the stratum capture section is obtained through time window or exponential fitting of the gamma time spectrum, and finally, the stratum capture section is interpreted through a rock volume physical model, so that the oil content or gas content saturation of the stratum is calculated.
After the neutron pulse is turned off, the attenuation of the gamma time spectrum is affected not only by the capture cross section of the formation, but also by diffusion effects. In general, when the stratum has weaker neutron deceleration and capturing capability, most neutrons in a detection area are reduced in a diffusion manner, the diffusion effect has a positive effect on the capturing section, and the smaller the source distance of the detector is, the stronger the positive effect is; when the stratum has strong neutron deceleration and capturing capability, neutrons in the detection area are basically reduced in an absorbed mode, even when the number of neutrons is small, the neutron reduction rate is insufficient to fully reflect the absorption capability of the stratum, the diffusion effect has negative influence on the capturing section, and the smaller the source distance of the detector is, the stronger the negative influence is.
In the conventional measurement of the trapping cross section, the influence of the diffusion effect is often ignored, and the diffusion effect can be substantially eliminated by measuring the trapping cross section at a fixed source distance and assuming that the position is the equilibrium point of the diffusion effect. However, the equilibrium point of the diffusion effect is greatly influenced by the neutron deceleration and absorption capacity of the stratum, and cannot be accurately fixed. The capturing section obtained by utilizing the fixed source distance is influenced by forward diffusion effect on a low-mineralization and low-porosity oil-containing layer (the retarding and absorbing capacity of weaker neutrons), and the value of the capturing section of the stratum is larger, so that the calculation result of the oil-containing saturation is smaller; in the high-mineralization high-porosity oil-bearing layer (strong neutron deceleration and absorption capacity) affected by negative diffusion effect, the stratum capture section value is smaller, so that the oil-bearing saturation calculation result is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a calculation method for the formation capture section in a double-detector well, which adopts double source distances to measure capture gamma count and inelastic gamma count, utilizes the capture gamma count ratio and the inelastic capture gamma count ratio to reflect neutron deceleration and absorption capacity of the formation in real time, corrects positive or negative influence possibly caused by diffusion effect, and further accurately calculates the capture section.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a calculation method of a stratum capture section in a double-detector well adopts a measuring device consisting of a D-T controllable neutron source, a tungsten-nickel-iron shielding body and two LaBr3 gamma detectors, and measures an accurate stratum capture section in a well hole, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: the D-T controllable neutron source emits fast neutrons in a pulse form, and the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector measure non-elastic gamma counts during pulse emission and capture gamma counts and gamma time spectrums during pulse closing;
step two: utilizing gamma time spectrums measured by a near LaBr3 gamma detector and a far LaBr3 gamma detector to respectively calculate the capturing cross sections of the visual stratum at the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector;
step three: calculating a near capture gamma count ratio RCAP and a far capture gamma count ratio RCAP by using capture gamma counts measured by a near LaBr3 gamma detector and a far LaBr3 gamma detector, and calculating a non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC by using a non-elastic gamma count and a capture gamma count measured by the near LaBr3 gamma detector;
step four: calculating diffusion effect equivalent capture sections at the positions of the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector according to the near capture gamma count ratio RCAP, the far capture gamma count ratio RIC and the non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC;
step five: correcting the apparent stratum capture section based on the diffusion effect equivalent capture section to obtain an accurate stratum capture section.
Preferably, the average energy of neutrons emitted by the D-T controllable neutron source in the step one is about 14MeV, the emission pulse period is 1800 mu s, neutrons are emitted from 0-200 mu s in one pulse period, and neutrons from 200-1800 mu s stop being emitted.
Preferably, the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector in the first step record non-elastic gamma counts at 0-200 μs and capture gamma counts and capture gamma time spectrum at 400-1800 μs.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the formation diffusion effect equivalent capture section calculation formula is as follows:
Σ diff ＝α·RCAP+β·RIC (1)
in Sigma diff Representing diffusion effect equivalent capture cross sectionThe unit is c.u.; alpha and beta represent source distance scale factors.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the accurate formation capture section is obtained by weighted average of the corrected capture sections of the near and far LaBr3 gamma detectors.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention utilizes a dual-source distance gamma detector to measure the capture gamma count, the non-elastic gamma count and the capture gamma time spectrum, and reflects the deceleration and absorption capacity of stratum to neutrons in real time according to the near-far capture gamma count ratio and the non-elastic capture gamma count ratio, and corrects the influence of diffusion effect on the capture section; according to the invention, the accurate capture section is obtained by weighted average of the capture sections of the corrected near and far LaBr3 gamma detectors, so that the calculation accuracy of the stratum oil or gas saturation is improved, and the oil and gas resource exploration and development efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual detector well in-situ formation capture section measurement. In the figure: 1 is a D-T controllable neutron source, 2 is a W-Ni-Fe shielding body, 3 is a near LaBr3 gamma detector, 4 is a far LaBr3 gamma detector, 5 is a double-detector well stratum capture section measuring device, 6 is a borehole, and 7 is stratum substances.
FIG. 2 shows the response of non-elastic capture gamma count ratio under different porosity and mineralization conditions.
FIG. 3 shows the response of near and far capture gamma count ratios under different porosities and mineralization conditions.
Fig. 4 is a view of the near and far probe in comparison to a real cross-section.
Fig. 5 is a comparison of the corrected capture section with the real section.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
the invention provides a calculation method of a stratum capture section in a double-detector well, which adopts a measuring device consisting of a D-T controllable neutron source, a W-Ni-Fe shielding body and two LaBr3 gamma detectors, as shown in figure 1, wherein the average energy of neutrons emitted by the D-T controllable neutron source in the measuring device is about 14MeV, and the accurate stratum capture section is measured in a well hole by using the measuring device, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: the D-T controllable neutron source emits fast neutrons with the average energy of about 14MeV in a pulse form, the emission pulse period is 1800 mu s, neutrons are emitted in 0-200 mu s in one pulse period, and the neutrons in 200-1800 mu s stop emitting; the non-elastic gamma count during pulse emission and the capture gamma count and gamma time spectrum during pulse off are measured by a near LaBr3 gamma detector and a far LaBr3 gamma detector, namely the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector record the non-elastic gamma count at 0-200 mu s and the capture gamma count and capture gamma time spectrum at 400-1800 mu s.
Step two: and respectively calculating the capturing cross sections of the visual stratum at the positions of the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector by utilizing gamma time spectrums measured by the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector, wherein the capturing cross sections are shown in the formula (2):
N(t)＝A BH ×exp(-t·νΣ BH )+A FORM ×exp(-t·νΣ FORM ) (2)
where N (t) represents capture gamma counts for different time intervals; a is that BH 、A FORM Representing contributions of the wellbore and formation to gamma counts, respectively; v denotes a thermal neutron transport velocity, v=2200 m/s; sigma and method for producing the same BH 、Σ FORM The apparent capture section values of the wellbore and formation are expressed in c.u., respectively.
Step three: the near and far capture gamma count ratio RCAP is calculated by utilizing the capture gamma counts measured by the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector, and the non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC is calculated by utilizing the non-elastic gamma count and the capture gamma count measured by the near LaBr3 gamma detector.
FIG. 2 shows the variation law of non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC with porosity, and as can be obtained from FIG. 2, the variation of non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC under different mineralization conditions is larger, and the influence of non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC on the neutron absorption capacity of the stratum is larger.
Fig. 3 shows the change rule of near and far capture gamma count ratio RCAP along with porosity, and it can be obtained from fig. 3 that the near and far capture gamma count ratio RCAP has smaller change under different mineralization conditions, which indicates that the near and far capture gamma count ratio RCAP has smaller influence on the neutron absorption capacity of the stratum, and the near and far capture gamma count ratio RCAP is mainly influenced on the deceleration capacity of the stratum, so that the combination of non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC and the near and far capture gamma count ratio RCAP can reflect the deceleration and absorption capacity of the stratum in real time, and calculate the equivalent capture section of the diffusion effect caused by the diffusion effect on the capture section of the stratum.
Step four: according to the near and far capture gamma count ratio RCAP and the non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC, the diffusion effect equivalent capture sections at the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector are calculated respectively, as shown in the formula (1):
Σ diff ＝α·RCAP+β·RIC (1)
in Sigma diff Representing a diffusion effect equivalent capture cross section in c.u.; alpha and beta represent source distance scale factors.
FIG. 4 shows that the formation lithology is respectively sandstone and limestone, the porosity ranges from 0% to 40%, the mineralization ranges from 0g/L to 200g/L, the apparent formation capture section measured by the near and far LaBr3 gamma detectors is compared with the real formation capture section, and as can be obtained from FIG. 4, when the diffusion effect is not corrected, the difference between the formation capture section value directly calculated by the near and far LaBr3 gamma detectors and the real section value is larger, the difference between the two under different formation conditions is different, the apparent formation capture section value is larger than the real capture section value, and the apparent formation condition capture section value is smaller than the real capture section value, so that the diffusion effect has both positive influence and negative influence on the capture section.
Step five: correcting the visual stratum capture section based on the diffusion effect equivalent capture section, and calculating to obtain the accurate stratum capture section by carrying out weighted average on the corrected near and far LaBr3 gamma detector capture sections.
FIG. 5 shows the comparison of the corrected capture section values with the real capture section values using the near and far capture gamma count ratios RCAP and the non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC, as can be seen from FIG. 5, the corrected capture section values differ less from the real capture section values; by calculating the relative error of each measuring point, the average relative error of the visual capture section and the real capture section of the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector is 21.98%, and the average relative error of the capture section value and the real capture section value of the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector after correction is 2.36%.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The calculation method of the stratum capture section in the double-detector well adopts a measuring device consisting of a D-T controllable neutron source, a tungsten-nickel-iron shielding body and two LaBr3 gamma detectors, and is characterized by measuring the accurate stratum capture section in a well hole, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
step one: the D-T controllable neutron source emits fast neutrons in a pulse form, and the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector measure non-elastic gamma counts during pulse emission and capture gamma counts and gamma time spectrums during pulse closing;
step two: utilizing gamma time spectrums measured by a near LaBr3 gamma detector and a far LaBr3 gamma detector to respectively calculate the capturing cross sections of the visual stratum at the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector;
step three: calculating a near capture gamma count ratio RCAP and a far capture gamma count ratio RCAP by using capture gamma counts measured by a near LaBr3 gamma detector and a far LaBr3 gamma detector, and calculating a non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC by using a non-elastic gamma count and a capture gamma count measured by the near LaBr3 gamma detector;
step four: calculating diffusion effect equivalent capture sections at the positions of the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector according to the near capture gamma count ratio RCAP, the far capture gamma count ratio RIC and the non-elastic capture gamma count ratio RIC;
step five: correcting the visual stratum capture section based on the diffusion effect equivalent capture section to obtain an accurate stratum capture section;
in the fourth step, the formation diffusion effect equivalent capture section calculation formula is as follows:
Σ diff ＝α·RCAP+β·RIC (1)
in Sigma diff Representing a diffusion effect equivalent capture cross section in c.u.; alpha and beta represent source distance scale factors;
in the fifth step, the accurate stratum capturing section is obtained by weighted average of the capturing sections of the corrected near and far LaBr3 gamma detectors.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the average energy of neutrons emitted from the D-T controllable neutron source in the step one is about 14MeV, the emission pulse period is 1800 μs, neutrons are emitted in a pulse period of 0-200 μs, and neutrons in a range of 200-1800 μs are stopped.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the near LaBr3 gamma detector and the far LaBr3 gamma detector in the first step record non-elastic gamma counts at 0-200 μs and capture gamma counts and capture gamma time spectrum at 400-1800 μs.
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