CN112032978A - A winding induction heating method, system and air conditioning equipment - Google Patents
A winding induction heating method, system and air conditioning equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 214
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及压缩机加热控制技术领域,具体涉及绕组感应加热方法、系统及空调设备。The invention relates to the technical field of compressor heating control, in particular to a winding induction heating method, system and air conditioning equipment.
背景技术Background technique
空调压缩机,在气温较低时,压缩机内的冷冻油会发生冷凝,这种情况下强制启动需要很大力矩相应产生很大驱动电而引起绕组发热量太大会造成压缩机内部永磁退磁、启动失败,同时存在能耗过大问题。另外,这样长期运行会增加压缩机磨损;在气温较高时,制冷机组停机状态下,压缩机壳体当中存在的制冷剂液体易发生蒸发不完全、泄露、堵塞,会对压缩机润滑产生破坏。因而,对空调压缩机进行适当加热可以避免上述情况。并且,加热过程中,加热功率既不能过大也不能过小,发热功率过大导致电机线圈过热老化甚至退磁,发热功率过小则达不到加热预期目的。Air conditioning compressor, when the temperature is low, the refrigeration oil in the compressor will condense. In this case, the forced start requires a large torque and generates a large amount of driving power, which causes the winding heat to be too large, which will cause the permanent magnet inside the compressor to demagnetize. , the startup fails, and there is a problem of excessive energy consumption. In addition, such long-term operation will increase the wear of the compressor; when the temperature is high and the refrigeration unit is shut down, the refrigerant liquid in the compressor shell is prone to incomplete evaporation, leakage and blockage, which will damage the lubrication of the compressor. . Therefore, the above situation can be avoided by properly heating the air conditioner compressor. Moreover, during the heating process, the heating power can neither be too large nor too small. If the heating power is too large, the motor coil will be overheated and aged or even demagnetized. If the heating power is too small, the intended purpose of heating will not be achieved.
现有压缩机加热技术中,主要包括三种方式:In the existing compressor heating technology, there are mainly three ways:
1)辅助电加热带加热:给压缩机增加一个外置电加热带,通过给加热带供电进行加热,为开环控制,需要给压缩机增加外置电加热带,成本较高,通过压缩机外壳热传导加热压缩机内部能耗大效率低,且电压波动时功率不同,不能保持发热功率/发热量恒定。甚至长时间使用因高温、应力等可能导致加热带断裂而影响压缩机正常运行,还存在起火隐患等。1) Auxiliary electric heating belt heating: add an external electric heating belt to the compressor, and heat it by supplying power to the heating belt. For open-loop control, an external electric heating belt needs to be added to the compressor, and the cost is high. Shell heat conduction heating compressor has large internal energy consumption and low efficiency, and the power is different when the voltage fluctuates, so the heating power/calorific value cannot be kept constant. Even if it is used for a long time, the heating belt may break due to high temperature and stress, which may affect the normal operation of the compressor, and there is a fire hazard.
2)利用压缩机绕组铜损加热:向压缩机绕组施加一个大电流,通过绕组自身电阻产生热量即铜损,为闭环控制,流过电机绕组的电流近似直流则可检测到直流电流调整功率模块占空比,能保证发热功率恒定,但绕组自身电阻通过大电流产生损耗,功耗太大、还会出现功率模块本身发热,对功率大的压缩机,其绕组电阻小很难使用该方式。2) Use compressor winding copper loss heating: apply a large current to the compressor winding, and generate heat through the winding's own resistance, that is, copper loss, which is closed-loop control. The current flowing through the motor winding is close to DC, and the DC current can be detected to adjust the power module. The duty cycle can ensure the constant heating power, but the winding resistance will cause loss through the large current, the power consumption will be too large, and the power module itself will generate heat.
3)利用压缩机绕组铁损感应加热:通过在压缩机的两相施加高频交流电压,增加压缩机铁磁材料的磁滞损耗和涡流损耗即铁损,实现绕组感应加热,为开环控制,不能保证发热功率恒定。相对于前两种方式,其电流小,功率模块损耗小,可靠性高,成本较低。但是,由于感应加热主要基于磁滞损耗和涡流损耗,损耗模型复杂一般难以计算加热功率,通常依赖试验数据,而其电流小且变化快,导致检测困难。在公共电网电压恒定的情况下,功率器件在固定开关周期下按照固定占空比开关,则可保证发热功率恒定;而实际上,公网输入电压并非恒定,是在一定范围内波动,在这种情形下,功率器件再按照原占空比开关仍然会出现发热功率过大或者过小(过大导致电机线圈过热老化、退磁,过小则达不到加热预期)。3) Induction heating using compressor winding iron loss: By applying high-frequency AC voltage to the two phases of the compressor, the hysteresis loss and eddy current loss of the compressor ferromagnetic material, that is, iron loss, are increased to realize winding induction heating, which is open-loop control. , the heating power cannot be guaranteed to be constant. Compared with the first two methods, the current is small, the power module loss is small, the reliability is high, and the cost is low. However, since induction heating is mainly based on hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, the loss model is complex and it is generally difficult to calculate the heating power. It usually relies on experimental data, and its current is small and changes rapidly, which makes detection difficult. When the voltage of the public grid is constant, the power device switches according to a fixed duty cycle under a fixed switching cycle, so that the heating power can be kept constant; in fact, the input voltage of the public grid is not constant, but fluctuates within a certain range. In this case, if the power device switches according to the original duty cycle, the heating power will still be too large or too small (too large will cause the motor coil to overheat, age, demagnetize, and if too small, it will not reach the heating expectation).
针对上述缺陷,需要一种新的绕组感应加热方法,在电压波动情况下能够便捷地根据电压波动调整占空比,保证恒定的发热功率,避免电压波动导致发热功率过大或过小,并维持绕组感应电流小、功率消耗小、成本低、可靠性强等特点。In view of the above defects, a new winding induction heating method is required, which can easily adjust the duty cycle according to the voltage fluctuation under the condition of voltage fluctuation, ensure a constant heating power, avoid the voltage fluctuation causing the heating power to be too large or too small, and maintain The winding induced current is small, the power consumption is small, the cost is low, and the reliability is strong.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了克服上述缺陷,提出了本发明,以解决或至少部分地解决如何根据电压波动调整占空比以控制绕组感应加热保持发热功率恒定的技术问题。针对上述技术问题,本发明提供一种绕组感应加热方法、系统及空调设备。In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, the present invention is proposed to solve or at least partially solve the technical problem of how to adjust the duty cycle according to the voltage fluctuation to control the induction heating of the winding to keep the heating power constant. In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a winding induction heating method, system and air conditioner.
第一方面,提供一种绕组感应加热方法,包括:通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系;对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制。A first aspect provides a winding induction heating method, comprising: establishing a relationship between a DC bus voltage and an output control duty cycle by fixing a heating target power condition; and adjusting the detected current actual DC bus voltage according to the relationship. For the corresponding duty cycle, the PWM output control is performed with the duty cycle.
其中,“通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系”,具体包括:对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。Among them, "establish the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle by fixing the heating target power conditions", which specifically includes: testing the compressor control system, fixing the heating target power conditions when heating the compressor, and determining different DC The bus voltage needs to correspond to different duty cycles, and the curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle is fitted.
其中,“对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系”,具体包括:根据对应的压缩机型号,设定一个恒定的发热功率作为固定发热目标功率条件;设定额定直流母线电压及其波动范围,在所述波动范围内设定多个电压值作为电压测试条件;测试每个所述电压值下,达到所述恒定的发热功率时的占空比值;建立测试坐标轴,将对应的所述电压值和所述占空比值进行描点,拟合曲线趋势,确定直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。Among them, "test the compressor control system, fix the heating target power conditions when the compressor is heated, determine the different duty ratios corresponding to different DC bus voltages, and fit the curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle. ”, which specifically includes: setting a constant heating power as the fixed heating target power condition according to the corresponding compressor model; setting the rated DC bus voltage and its fluctuation range, and setting multiple voltage values within the fluctuation range As a voltage test condition; test the duty cycle value when the constant heating power is reached under each voltage value; establish a test coordinate axis, trace the corresponding voltage value and the duty cycle value, and fit Curve trend to determine the relationship between DC bus voltage and duty cycle.
其中,所述波动范围在额定直流母线电压±20%范围内波动;所述多个电压值在所述波动范围内均匀分布;所述坐标轴选择电压为纵轴、占空比为横轴进行描点。Wherein, the fluctuation range fluctuates within a range of ±20% of the rated DC bus voltage; the multiple voltage values are evenly distributed within the fluctuation range; the coordinate axis selects the voltage as the vertical axis and the duty cycle as the horizontal axis. trace.
其中,“对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制”,具体包括:压缩机加热时,实时检测压缩机控制系统中的当前直流母线电压;根据建立的直流母线电压与占空比的关系,对应检测到的当前直流母线电压,调整占空比;根据调整的所述占空比,进行PWM输出控制,以控制所述压缩机控制系统功率模块的开通时序,保持对压缩机加热时的发热功率恒定。Among them, "the detected current actual DC bus voltage is adjusted to the corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, and the PWM output control is performed with the duty cycle", which specifically includes: when the compressor is heating, real-time detection of the compressor Control the current DC bus voltage in the system; according to the established relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle, adjust the duty cycle corresponding to the detected current DC bus voltage; perform PWM output control according to the adjusted duty cycle, In order to control the turn-on sequence of the power module of the compressor control system, the heating power when heating the compressor is kept constant.
第二方面,提供一种绕组感应加热系统,具体包括:关系模块,用于建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系;控制模块,用于对检通过固定发热目标功率条件,测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制。In a second aspect, a winding induction heating system is provided, which specifically includes: a relationship module for establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle; The current actual DC bus voltage is adjusted to a corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, and the PWM output control is performed with the duty cycle.
其中,“通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系”,具体包括:对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。Among them, "establish the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle by fixing the heating target power conditions", which specifically includes: testing the compressor control system, fixing the heating target power conditions when heating the compressor, and determining different DC The bus voltage needs to correspond to different duty cycles, and the curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle is fitted.
其中,“对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系”,具体包括:根据对应的压缩机型号,设定一个恒定的发热功率作为固定发热目标功率条件;设定额定直流母线电压及其波动范围,在所述波动范围内设定多个电压值作为电压测试条件;测试每个所述电压值下,达到所述恒定的发热功率时的占空比值;建立测试坐标轴,将对应的所述电压值和所述占空比值进行描点,拟合曲线趋势,确定直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。Among them, "test the compressor control system, fix the heating target power conditions when the compressor is heated, determine the different duty ratios corresponding to different DC bus voltages, and fit the curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle. ”, which specifically includes: setting a constant heating power as the fixed heating target power condition according to the corresponding compressor model; setting the rated DC bus voltage and its fluctuation range, and setting multiple voltage values within the fluctuation range As a voltage test condition; test the duty cycle value when the constant heating power is reached under each voltage value; establish a test coordinate axis, trace the corresponding voltage value and the duty cycle value, and fit Curve trend to determine the relationship between DC bus voltage and duty cycle.
其中,所述波动范围在额定直流母线电压±20%范围内波动;所述多个电压值在所述波动范围内均匀分布;所述坐标轴选择电压为纵轴、占空比为横轴进行描点。Wherein, the fluctuation range fluctuates within a range of ±20% of the rated DC bus voltage; the multiple voltage values are evenly distributed within the fluctuation range; the coordinate axis selects the voltage as the vertical axis and the duty cycle as the horizontal axis. trace.
其中,“对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制”,具体包括:压缩机加热时,实时检测压缩机控制系统中的当前直流母线电压;根据建立的直流母线电压与占空比的关系,对应检测到的当前直流母线电压,调整占空比;根据调整的所述占空比,进行PWM输出控制,以控制所述压缩机控制系统功率模块的开通时序,保持对压缩机加热时的发热功率恒定。Among them, "the detected current actual DC bus voltage is adjusted to the corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, and the PWM output control is performed with the duty cycle", which specifically includes: when the compressor is heating, real-time detection of the compressor Control the current DC bus voltage in the system; according to the established relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle, adjust the duty cycle corresponding to the detected current DC bus voltage; perform PWM output control according to the adjusted duty cycle, In order to control the turn-on sequence of the power module of the compressor control system, the heating power when heating the compressor is kept constant.
第三方面,提供一种计算机存储装置,该计算机存储装置存储多条程序代码,所述程序代码适用于由处理器加载并运行以执行前述的绕组感应加热方法。In a third aspect, a computer storage device is provided, the computer storage device storing a plurality of program codes, the program codes being adapted to be loaded and executed by a processor to perform the aforementioned winding induction heating method.
第四方面,提供一种控制装置,该控制装置包括处理器和存储器,所述存储装置适用于存储多条程序代码,所述程序代码适于由所述处理器加载并运行以执行前述的绕组感应加热方法。In a fourth aspect, a control device is provided, the control device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory device being adapted to store a plurality of pieces of program code, the program code being adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the aforementioned windings Induction heating method.
第五方面,提供一种空调设备,所述空调设备包括如前述的绕组感应加热的控制系统;或者,包括:压缩机控制系统和所述控制装置;所述控制装置的处理器加载存储器中的多条程序代码并执行前述的任一绕组感应加热方法,实时检测压缩机控制系统的实际直流母线电压并根据建立的直流母线电压与占空比的关系调整对应的占空比,以进行PWM输出控制。In a fifth aspect, an air conditioner is provided, the air conditioner comprising the control system for induction heating of windings as described above; or, comprising: a compressor control system and the control device; a processor of the control device loads the data stored in the memory Multiple program codes and execute any of the aforementioned winding induction heating methods to detect the actual DC bus voltage of the compressor control system in real time and adjust the corresponding duty cycle according to the established relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle to perform PWM output control.
方案1、一种绕组感应加热方法,其特征在于,包括:通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系;对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制。
方案2、根据方案1所述的方法,其中,“通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系”,具体包括:对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。
方案3、根据方案2所述的方法,其中,“对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系”,具体包括:根据对应的压缩机型号,设定一个恒定的发热功率作为固定发热目标功率条件;设定额定直流母线电压及其波动范围,在所述波动范围内设定多个电压值作为电压测试条件;测试每个所述电压值下,达到所述恒定的发热功率时的占空比值;建立测试坐标轴,将对应的所述电压值和所述占空比值进行描点,拟合曲线趋势,确定直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。
方案4、根据方案3所述的方法,其中,所述波动范围在额定直流母线电压±20%范围内波动;所述多个电压值在所述波动范围内均匀分布;所述坐标轴选择电压为纵轴、占空比为横轴进行描点。Solution 4. The method according to
方案5、根据方案4所述的方法,其中,“对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制”,具体包括:压缩机加热时,实时检测压缩机控制系统中的当前直流母线电压;根据建立的直流母线电压与占空比的关系,对应检测到的当前直流母线电压,调整占空比;根据调整的所述占空比,进行PWM输出控制,以控制所述压缩机控制系统功率模块的开通时序,保持对压缩机加热时的发热功率恒定。Scheme 5. The method according to Scheme 4, wherein "the detected current actual DC bus voltage is adjusted to a corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, and the PWM output control is performed with the duty cycle", specifically Including: when the compressor is heating, the current DC bus voltage in the compressor control system is detected in real time; according to the established relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle, the duty cycle is adjusted corresponding to the detected current DC bus voltage; The duty cycle is controlled by PWM output to control the turn-on sequence of the power module of the compressor control system, so as to keep the heating power constant when heating the compressor.
方案6、一种绕组感应加热系统,其特征在于,具体包括:关系模块,用于通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系;控制模块,用于对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制。Scheme 6. A winding induction heating system, which is characterized in that it specifically includes: a relationship module for establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle by fixing the heating target power condition; a control module for detecting detected According to the relationship, the current actual DC bus voltage is adjusted to the corresponding duty cycle, and the PWM output control is performed with the duty cycle.
方案7、根据方案6所述的系统,其中,“通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系”,具体包括:对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。Option 7. The system according to Option 6, wherein "establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle by fixing the heating target power condition" specifically includes: testing the compressor control system, fixing the compressor The heating target power condition during heating is used to determine different duty ratios corresponding to different DC bus voltages, and fit the curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle.
方案8、根据方案7所述的系统,其中,“对压缩机控制系统进行测试,固定对压缩机加热时的发热目标功率条件,确定不同直流母线电压需要对应的不同占空比,拟合所述直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系”,具体包括:根据对应的压缩机型号,设定一个恒定的发热功率作为固定发热目标功率条件;设定额定直流母线电压及其波动范围,在所述波动范围内设定多个电压值作为电压测试条件;测试每个所述电压值下,达到所述恒定的发热功率时的占空比值;建立测试坐标轴,将对应的所述电压值和所述占空比值进行描点,拟合曲线趋势,确定直流母线电压与占空比的曲线关系。Scheme 8. The system according to Scheme 7, wherein "test the compressor control system, fix the heating target power condition when heating the compressor, determine the different duty ratios corresponding to different DC bus voltages, and fit the "The curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle", which specifically includes: setting a constant heating power as the fixed heating target power condition according to the corresponding compressor model; setting the rated DC bus voltage and its fluctuation range, in the Set a plurality of voltage values within the fluctuation range as voltage test conditions; test the duty cycle value when the constant heating power is reached under each voltage value; establish a test coordinate axis, and set the corresponding voltage value Draw points with the duty cycle value, fit the trend of the curve, and determine the curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle.
方案9、根据方案8所述的系统,其中,所述波动范围在额定直流母线电压±20%范围内波动;所述多个电压值在所述波动范围内均匀分布;所述坐标轴选择电压为纵轴、占空比为横轴进行描点。Solution 9. The system according to solution 8, wherein the fluctuation range fluctuates within a range of ±20% of the rated DC bus voltage; the plurality of voltage values are evenly distributed within the fluctuation range; the coordinate axis selects the voltage Plot the vertical axis and the duty cycle as the horizontal axis.
方案10、根据方案9所述的系统,其中,“对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制”,具体包括:压缩机加热时,实时检测压缩机控制系统中的当前直流母线电压;根据建立的直流母线电压与占空比的关系,对应检测到的当前直流母线电压,调整占空比;根据调整的所述占空比,进行PWM输出控制,以控制所述压缩机控制系统功率模块的开通时序,保持对压缩机加热时的发热功率恒定。Scheme 10. The system according to Scheme 9, wherein "the detected current actual DC bus voltage is adjusted to a corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, and the PWM output control is performed with the duty cycle", specifically Including: when the compressor is heating, the current DC bus voltage in the compressor control system is detected in real time; according to the established relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle, the duty cycle is adjusted corresponding to the detected current DC bus voltage; The duty cycle is controlled by PWM output to control the turn-on sequence of the power module of the compressor control system, so as to keep the heating power constant when heating the compressor.
方案11、一种计算机存储装置,该计算机存储装置存储多条程序代码,所述程序代码适用于由处理器加载并运行以执行方案1-5的绕组感应加热方法。Aspect 11. A computer storage device storing a plurality of program codes adapted to be loaded and executed by a processor to perform the winding induction heating method of aspects 1-5.
方案12、一种控制装置,该控制装置包括处理器和存储器,所述存储装置适用于存储多条程序代码,所述程序代码适于由所述处理器加载并运行以执行方案1-5的绕组感应加热方法。Solution 12. A control device, the control device comprising a processor and a memory, the storage device being adapted to store a plurality of program codes, the program codes being adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor to execute the solutions of the solutions 1-5 Winding induction heating method.
方案13、一种空调设备,其特征在于,所述空调设备包括如方案6-10的绕组感应加热的控制系统;或者,包括:压缩机控制系统和所述控制装置;所述控制装置的处理器加载存储器中的多条程序代码并执行方案1-5的任一绕组感应加热方法,实时检测压缩机控制系统的实际直流母线电压并根据建立的直流母线电压与占空比的关系调整对应的占空比,以进行PWM输出控制。Solution 13, an air conditioner, characterized in that the air conditioner includes the control system for winding induction heating according to solutions 6-10; or, includes: a compressor control system and the control device; processing of the control device The compressor loads multiple program codes in the memory and executes any of the winding induction heating methods in Schemes 1-5, detects the actual DC bus voltage of the compressor control system in real time, and adjusts the corresponding DC bus voltage according to the established relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle. duty cycle for PWM output control.
本发明上述一个或多个技术方案,至少具有如下一种或多种有益效果:The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions of the present invention have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:
本发明的技术方案,通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系;对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制。这样,在电压波动时对相应的发热控制的占空比进行调整,适应实际供电环境中电压波动情况,迅速便捷地调整占空比以保持发热功率恒定,避免了以往绕组感应维持发热功率恒定的复杂繁琐实验以及对小且变化快的电流检测的困难,解决了如何根据电压变化波动便捷有效地调整占空比控制发热功率以保持发热功率恒定的技术问题。The technical scheme of the present invention establishes the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle by fixing the heating target power condition; the detected current actual DC bus voltage is adjusted to the corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, to The duty cycle performs PWM output control. In this way, when the voltage fluctuates, the duty cycle of the corresponding heating control is adjusted to adapt to the voltage fluctuation in the actual power supply environment, and the duty cycle can be adjusted quickly and conveniently to keep the heating power constant, avoiding the previous winding induction to maintain the heating power constant. Complicated and tedious experiments and the difficulty of detecting small and fast-changing currents solve the technical problem of how to easily and effectively adjust the duty cycle to control the heating power according to the fluctuation of the voltage to keep the heating power constant.
进一步,本发明在绕组感应加热方法基础上进行的改进,其能够根据直流母线电压调整占空比,进而调整闭环控制发热功率,保证发热功率恒定,其无需额外的装置增加成本,同时避免功耗过大还实现了闭环控制,从而改进后的绕组感应加热方法,既保证了低电流、低功耗、低成本和工作稳定性,又实现了闭环控制保证发热功率恒定。Further, the improvement of the present invention based on the winding induction heating method can adjust the duty cycle according to the DC bus voltage, and then adjust the closed-loop control heating power to ensure constant heating power, which does not require additional devices to increase costs and avoid power consumption at the same time. If it is too large, closed-loop control is also realized, so that the improved winding induction heating method not only ensures low current, low power consumption, low cost and working stability, but also realizes closed-loop control to ensure constant heating power.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面参照附图来描述本发明的具体实施方式,附图中:Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
图1是根据本发明的绕组感应加热方法的一个实施例的主要流程图;Fig. 1 is the main flow chart of one embodiment of the winding induction heating method according to the present invention;
图2是根据本发明的绕组感应加热系统的一个实施例的结构框图;2 is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of a winding induction heating system according to the present invention;
图3是根据本发明的技术方案的一个实施例的压缩机控制电路的示意图;3 is a schematic diagram of a compressor control circuit according to an embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention;
图4是根据本发明的技术方案的一个实施例的压缩机控制电路的开通时序示意图;FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the turn-on sequence of the compressor control circuit according to an embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention;
图5是根据本发明的技术方案的建立直流母线电压与占空比关系的一实施例的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle according to the technical solution of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于理解发明,下文将结合说明书附图和实施例对本发明作更全面、细致地描述,但本领域技术人员应当理解的是,这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理,并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。In order to facilitate the understanding of the invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples of the specification, but those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to Limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中,“模块”、“处理器”可以包括硬件、软件或者两者的组合。一个模块可以包括硬件电路,各种合适的感应器,通信端口,存储器,也可以包括软件部分,比如程序代码,也可以是软件和硬件的组合。处理器可以是中央处理器、微处理器、图像处理器、数字信号处理器或者其他任何合适的处理器。处理器具有数据和/或信号处理功能。处理器可以以软件方式实现、硬件方式实现或者二者结合方式实现。非暂时性的计算机可读存储介质包括任何合适的可存储程序代码的介质,比如磁碟、硬盘、光碟、闪存、只读存储器、随机存取存储器等等。术语“A和/或B”表示所有可能的A与B的组合,比如只是A、只是B或者A和B。术语“至少一个A或B”或者“A和B中的至少一个”含义与“A和/或B”类似,可以包括只是A、只是B或者A和B。单数形式的术语“一个”、“这个”也可以包含复数形式。In the description of the present invention, "module" and "processor" may include hardware, software or a combination of both. A module may include hardware circuits, various suitable sensors, communication ports, memory, and may also include software parts, such as program codes, or a combination of software and hardware. The processor may be a central processing unit, a microprocessor, an image processor, a digital signal processor, or any other suitable processor. The processor has data and/or signal processing functions. The processor may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of the two. Non-transitory computer-readable storage media include any suitable media that can store program code, such as magnetic disks, hard disks, optical disks, flash memory, read-only memory, random-access memory, and the like. The term "A and/or B" means all possible combinations of A and B, such as just A, just B, or A and B. The terms "at least one A or B" or "at least one of A and B" have a similar meaning to "A and/or B" and can include just A, only B, or A and B. The terms "a" and "the" in the singular may also include the plural.
目前的空调设备对压缩机加热的三种已知方式中,利用压缩机绕组铁损感应加热具有成本低、功耗低、安全稳定等优点,但绕组铁损感应加热的电流小且变化快、铁损模型构建复杂,通过实验数据控制发热功率恒定过程较为复杂繁琐。本发明通过对绕组铁损感应加热的方式进行改进,提供一种绕组感应加热方法、系统及空调设备,以实现绕组感应加热的闭环控制,不增加任何额外装置基础上,便捷有效地根据电压波动调整占空比以控制发热功率恒定。本发明的方案的一个实施方式,包括:在恒定的发热目标功率下,建立直流母线电压和占空比的关系;在对压缩机进行绕组感应加热时,根据检测到的实际直流母线电压,基于所述关系调整到与检测到的实际直流母线电压对应的占空比,以保证母线电压波动的情况下,发热实际功率与发热目标功率基本一致。Among the three known ways of heating compressors by current air-conditioning equipment, the use of compressor winding iron loss induction heating has the advantages of low cost, low power consumption, safety and stability, etc., but the current of winding iron loss induction heating is small and changes rapidly. The construction of the iron loss model is complex, and the constant process of controlling the heating power through experimental data is complex and tedious. The invention provides a winding induction heating method, system and air-conditioning equipment by improving the method of winding iron loss induction heating, so as to realize the closed-loop control of winding induction heating, without adding any additional device, conveniently and effectively according to voltage fluctuations Adjust the duty cycle to control the heating power constant. An embodiment of the solution of the present invention includes: establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle under a constant heating target power; when performing winding induction heating on the compressor, according to the detected actual DC bus voltage, based on The relationship is adjusted to the duty ratio corresponding to the detected actual DC bus voltage, so as to ensure that the actual heating power and the heating target power are basically consistent under the condition of the bus voltage fluctuation.
以下是本发明涉及到的一些术语定义与解释:(请补充以下定义)The following are definitions and explanations of some terms involved in the present invention: (please add the following definitions)
直流母线电压:承载逆变系统从直流-交流的直流电压。DC bus voltage: The DC voltage that carries the inverter system from DC to AC.
输出控制:是指对功率器件的控制。Output control: refers to the control of power devices.
占空比:功率器件开通时间占开关周期的比率。Duty cycle: The ratio of the on-time of a power device to the switching period.
PWM:脉冲宽度调制,是一种模拟控制方式,根据相应载荷的变化来调制晶体管基极或MOS管栅极的偏置,来实现晶体管或MOS管导通时间的改变,从而实现开关稳压电源输出的改变。PWM: Pulse Width Modulation, is an analog control method, which modulates the bias of the transistor base or the gate of the MOS tube according to the change of the corresponding load, so as to realize the change of the conduction time of the transistor or MOS tube, so as to realize the switching regulated power supply. Changes in output.
参阅附图1,图1是根据本发明的绕组感应加热方法的一个实施例的主要流程图。Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a main flow chart of an embodiment of a winding induction heating method according to the present invention.
步骤S110,通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系。Step S110, establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle by fixing the heating target power condition.
其中,可以通过测试,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系,该关系可以是测试获得的曲线关系;更具体地,可以在测试时,通过已有压缩机控制系统例如控制电路中,固定测试中使用的需要加热的压缩机的目标发热功率,提供不同的直流母线电压,确定需要的开关时序以输出控制占空比,相应的占空比有相应的输出PWM控制,其控制开关时序能保证对应的不同直流母线电压,都可以控制输出该固定目标发热功率,即发热功率为实际值不变,将测试获得的这些占空比的离散结果对应不同的直流母线电压,拟合曲线(函数),形成直流母线电压与占空比的关系。例如线形关系等。Among them, the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty ratio can be established through testing, and the relationship can be a curve relationship obtained by testing; more specifically, during testing, through existing compressor control systems such as control circuits, Fix the target heating power of the compressor that needs to be heated used in the test, provide different DC bus voltages, determine the required switching sequence to output the control duty cycle, and the corresponding duty cycle has a corresponding output PWM control, which controls the switching sequence It can ensure that the corresponding different DC bus voltages can be controlled to output the fixed target heating power, that is, the heating power is the actual value unchanged. The discrete results of these duty ratios obtained by the test correspond to different DC bus voltages, and the fitted curve ( function) to form the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle. For example, linear relationships, etc.
下面结合图3、4和5对获得直流母线电压与占空比的关系的实现过程做更详细的说明。The implementation process for obtaining the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 , 4 and 5 .
参见图3所示,根据本发明的技术方案的一个实施例的压缩机控制电路的示意图。该控制电路的例子中,输入到压缩机永磁电机M的三相交流电,分别为U、V和W三相。图中分为三个部分,直流母线电压1、功率模块2、压缩机3。Referring to FIG. 3 , a schematic diagram of a compressor control circuit according to an embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention. In the example of the control circuit, the three-phase alternating currents input to the permanent magnet motor M of the compressor are U, V, and W three phases, respectively. The figure is divided into three parts,
一个实施方式中,直流母线电压1用Vdc表示,P表示【直流母线电压1的正极】,N表示【直流母线电压1的正极】、VT1至VT6表示【功率器件的开关部分】、VD1至VD6表示【功率器件的二极管部分】。In one embodiment, the
具体地,可以通过功率模块2向压缩机3施加控制信号,例如:一个开关周期内,前1/2个开关周期内,VT1一直开通,VT2和VT3一直关断,VT4按照设定占空比时间长度开通;后1/2个开关周期内,VT1和VT4一直关断,VT2按照设定占空比时间长度开通,VT3一直开通。如图4所示,根据本发明的技术方案的一个实施例的压缩机控制电路的开通时序示意图,该图示意性地给出了功率模块2控制信号变化情况,其中,Ts表示【功率器件开关周期】,t表示【时间】,VT1至VT6矩形块表示【功率器件开通时间】。Specifically, a control signal can be applied to the
一个实施方式中,以上述开通时序为例,VT1在一个周期Ts的前1/2个周期开通、VT3在一个周期Ts的后1/2个周期开通,开通时间固定。VT2和VT4开通时间相同(即开通时间长度相同),开通时刻不同(VT4在前1/2周期开通,VT2后1/2周期开通)。通过调整VT2和VT4分别在一个周期Ts的开通时间,实现占空比调节,开通时间越长,占空比越大。在其他条件相同的情况下,占空比越大,则发热功率越大。In one embodiment, taking the above turn-on sequence as an example, VT1 is turned on in the first half of a period Ts, VT3 is turned on in the last half of a period Ts, and the turn-on time is fixed. The opening time of VT2 and VT4 is the same (that is, the opening time length is the same), and the opening time is different (VT4 is opened in the first 1/2 cycle, and VT2 is opened in 1/2 cycle after). By adjusting the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 in one cycle Ts, respectively, the duty cycle adjustment is realized. The longer the turn-on time, the larger the duty cycle. Under other conditions being the same, the larger the duty cycle, the greater the heating power.
一个实施方式中,在上述电路和开关时序的基础上,提供波动的直流母线电压,在固定的发热目标功率条件下,测试获得对应波动的母线电压与占空比的关系。In one embodiment, based on the above circuit and switching sequence, a fluctuating DC bus voltage is provided, and under a fixed heating target power condition, the relationship between the corresponding fluctuating bus voltage and the duty cycle is obtained by testing.
下面通过一个具体的例子,以空调压缩机允许工作电压的最大波动范围为额定电压的±20%为基础,结合上述电路和开关设计,进一步详细地说明获得直流母线电压和占空比关系的过程:In the following, through a specific example, the process of obtaining the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle will be described in further detail, based on the fact that the maximum fluctuation range of the air-conditioning compressor's allowable operating voltage is ±20% of the rated voltage, combined with the above circuit and switch design. :
S1、根据对应的压缩机型号,设定一个合理的加热功率Wc。S1. According to the corresponding compressor model, set a reasonable heating power Wc.
S2、额定电压波动±20%范围内,设定多个/N个电压值为电压测试条件。进一步,测试电压可以在该范围内均匀分配。这里额定电压即正常的直流母线电压的值,对应着恒定的发热功率。S2. Within the range of ±20% of rated voltage fluctuation, set multiple/N voltage values as voltage test conditions. Further, the test voltage can be evenly distributed within this range. Here, the rated voltage is the value of the normal DC bus voltage, which corresponds to the constant heating power.
S3、测试每个电压值条件下,达到设定的合理加热功率Wc的占空比。S3. Test the duty ratio of the set reasonable heating power Wc under the condition of each voltage value.
S4、测试完成,以电压为横轴,占空比为纵轴,进行描点。S4. After the test is completed, take the voltage as the horizontal axis and the duty cycle as the vertical axis, and trace the points.
S5、拟合上述曲线趋势如图5所示根据本发明的技术方案的建立直流母线电压与占空比关系的一实施例的示意图。其中,测试完成确定了直流母线电压与占空比关系,即二者关系拟合曲线,建立二者线性关系,优选地,建立二者曲线关系。进一步,曲线拟合公式即表示直流母线电压与占空比关系。以三菱LNB65FBEMC压缩机为例,开关周期为50us时,不同直流母线电压下恒定发热功率的曲线可拟合为ton=(Ureal/UN)2*tN,其中UN是额定电压,tN是额定电压UN下,VT2和VT4的可满足发热目标功率的开通时间,Ureal是实际电压,ton是不同直流母线电压调节下,满足发热目标功率的VT2和VT4开通时间。S5. Fitting the above-mentioned curve trend FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle according to the technical solution of the present invention. Wherein, after the test is completed, the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle is determined, that is, the relationship between the two is fitted with a curve, and a linear relationship between the two is established, preferably, a curve relationship between the two is established. Further, the curve fitting formula represents the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle. Taking the Mitsubishi LNB65FBEMC compressor as an example, when the switching period is 50us, the curve of constant heating power under different DC bus voltages can be fitted as ton=(Ureal/U N ) 2 *t N , where U N is the rated voltage, t N is the turn-on time for VT2 and VT4 to meet the heating target power under the rated voltage U N , Ureal is the actual voltage, and ton is the turn-on time for VT2 and VT4 to meet the heating target power under different DC bus voltage regulation.
一个实施方式中,空调设备内压缩机系统,通常包含对压缩机控制的控制电路,进行压缩机加热时,本发明的方案无需增加额外装置,仅通过已有电路对输入到压缩机的三相电压进行控制而实现绕组感应加热,其先确定波动的直流母线电压与占空比的关系,尤其是拟合线性的关系,以便在电压波动时的压缩机加热过程中通过与占空比的所述关系进行占空比调整而在PWM输出时控制发热功率保持恒定。In one embodiment, the compressor system in the air-conditioning equipment usually includes a control circuit for controlling the compressor. When heating the compressor, the solution of the present invention does not need to add additional devices, and only uses the existing circuit to control the three-phase input to the compressor. The voltage is controlled to realize the winding induction heating, which first determines the relationship between the fluctuating DC bus voltage and the duty cycle, especially the linear relationship, so that in the compressor heating process when the voltage fluctuates, all the differences with the duty cycle can be passed. According to the above relationship, the duty cycle is adjusted and the heating power is controlled to keep constant during the PWM output.
步骤S120,对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制。Step S120: Adjust the detected current actual DC bus voltage to a corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, and perform PWM output control with the duty cycle.
其中,建立了对应需要加热的压缩机的直流母线电压与占空比的关系后,在压缩机加热时,通过实时检测当前实际直流母线电压的变化情况,调整相应的占空比。Among them, after establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty ratio corresponding to the compressor to be heated, when the compressor is heating, the corresponding duty ratio is adjusted by detecting the current actual DC bus voltage change in real time.
比如:当压缩机启动后需要加热时,检测当前实际直流母线电压,并根据所述曲线关系,找到对应该实际直流母线电压的占空比,调整该占空比结果,并以该占空比结果进行PWM输出,由该PWM输出控制,其开关时序确保在压缩机的两相施加高频交流电压并且交替变化,增加压缩机铁磁材料的磁滞损耗和涡流损耗,实现绕组感应加热,尤其是该PWM输出控制,对应实际的直流母线电压值,确保了发热功率始终保持恒定。For example: when the compressor needs to be heated after starting, the current actual DC bus voltage is detected, and according to the curve relationship, the duty cycle corresponding to the actual DC bus voltage is found, the result of the duty cycle is adjusted, and the duty cycle The result is PWM output, which is controlled by the PWM output, and its switching sequence ensures that high-frequency AC voltage is applied to the two phases of the compressor and alternately changes, which increases the hysteresis loss and eddy current loss of the ferromagnetic material of the compressor, and realizes winding induction heating, especially It is the PWM output control, corresponding to the actual DC bus voltage value, to ensure that the heating power is always kept constant.
表1Table 1
一个实施例中,如表1所示,以三菱LNB65FBEMC压缩机为例,开关周期为50us,在一个开关周期内,VT1和VT3分别在前半周期和后半周期分别开通25us。VT2和VT4的开通时间根据检测到的直流母线电压进行对应调整,控制压缩机加热时,固定发热目标功率为50W,当检测到直流母线电压为425V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为14.7us,占空比为29%,发热实际功率51.6W;当检测到直流母线电压为472V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为12.1us,占空比为24%,发热实际功率51.0W;当检测到直流母线电压为525V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为9.8us,占空比为20%,发热实际功率50.4W;当检测到直流母线电压为577V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为8.0us,占空比为16%,发热实际功率51.1W;当检测到直流母线电压为643V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为6.7us,占空比为13%,发热实际功率49.9W。而由于输出控制随着电压波动已经发生变化从而保证了发热功率保持恒定。这样,不同的直流母线电压变化伴随着占空比的不同,相互对应,随时能够根据不同的电压波动改变占空比进而改变PWM输出控制,在与测试获得直流母线电压和占空比的关系的情况一样,始终保持着固定的发热功率,由此,保证了控制发热功率的恒定。In one embodiment, as shown in Table 1, taking the Mitsubishi LNB65FBEMC compressor as an example, the switching period is 50us. In one switching period, VT1 and VT3 are respectively turned on for 25us in the first half cycle and the second half cycle. The turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted according to the detected DC bus voltage. When controlling the heating of the compressor, the fixed heating target power is 50W. When the detected DC bus voltage is 425V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 14.7us , the duty cycle is 29%, and the actual heating power is 51.6W; when the detected DC bus voltage is 472V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 12.1us, the duty cycle is 24%, and the actual heating power is 51.0W; When the DC bus voltage is 525V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 9.8us, the duty cycle is 20%, and the actual heating power is 50.4W; when the DC bus voltage is detected to be 577V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 8.0us, the duty cycle is 16%, and the actual heating power is 51.1W; when the detected DC bus voltage is 643V, the on-time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 6.7us, the duty cycle is 13%, and the actual heating power is 49.9W. And because the output control has changed with the voltage fluctuation to ensure that the heating power remains constant. In this way, different DC bus voltage changes are accompanied by different duty ratios, corresponding to each other, and the duty cycle can be changed at any time according to different voltage fluctuations and then the PWM output control can be changed. In the same situation, the fixed heating power is always maintained, thereby ensuring the constant control of the heating power.
本发明的方案,在电压波动情况下,仍能保持压缩机绕组感应加热时的发热功率恒定,无需增加设备成本,低功耗、小电流,便捷有效无需复杂运算和模型构造,其在固定发热目标功率恒定条件下测试获得直流母线电压与占空比的拟合曲线关系,在空调设备的压缩机加热控制时,一旦电压发生波动,即可根据直流母线电压调整占空比,获得对应的PWM输出控制,保证发热功率/放热功率恒定;并且,该控制程序只需要在空调设备的微处理器/微控制器MCU中即可利用程序运行,实现控制信号输出从而实现本发明的方案,有效便捷,成本低,实现了恒定功率闭环控制且无需任何大的功耗和成本,也不会导致压缩机系统尤其是其功率模块自身发热产生额外功耗。The solution of the present invention can still keep the heating power of the compressor winding constant during induction heating under the condition of voltage fluctuation, without increasing the equipment cost, low power consumption, small current, convenient and effective, no complicated calculation and model construction are required, and the fixed heating The fitting curve relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle is obtained by testing under the condition of constant target power. During the heating control of the compressor of the air conditioner, once the voltage fluctuates, the duty cycle can be adjusted according to the DC bus voltage to obtain the corresponding PWM The output control ensures that the heating power/radiation power is constant; and the control program only needs to be run in the microprocessor/microcontroller MCU of the air-conditioning equipment, and the control signal output is realized to realize the scheme of the present invention, which is effective It is convenient and low in cost, realizes constant power closed-loop control without any large power consumption and cost, and does not cause extra power consumption due to self-heating of the compressor system, especially its power module.
需要指出的是,尽管上述实施例中将各个步骤按照特定的先后顺序进行了描述,但是本领域技术人员可以理解,为了实现本发明的效果,不同的步骤之间并非必须按照这样的顺序执行,其可以同时(并行)执行或以其他顺序执行,这些变化都在本发明的保护范围之内。It should be pointed out that, although the steps in the above embodiments are described in a specific sequence, those skilled in the art can understand that in order to achieve the effect of the present invention, different steps do not necessarily need to be executed in such an order. It may be performed simultaneously (in parallel) or in other sequences, and these variations are within the scope of the present invention.
下面参见图2所示,本发明的绕组感应加热系统的一个实施例的结构框图。该系统至少包括:Referring to FIG. 2 below, a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the winding induction heating system of the present invention is shown. The system includes at least:
关系模块210,用于通过固定发热目标功率条件,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系;The relationship module 210 is configured to establish the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty cycle by fixing the heating target power condition;
其中,可以通过测试,建立直流母线电压与输出控制占空比的关系,该关系可以是测试获得的曲线关系;更具体地,可以在测试时,通过已有压缩机控制系统例如控制电路中,固定测试中使用的需要加热的压缩机的发热目标功率,提供不同的直流母线电压,确定需要的开关时序以输出控制占空比,相应的占空比有相应的输出PWM控制,其控制开关时序能保证对应的不同直流母线电压,都可以控制输出该固定发热目标功率,即发热功率为实际值不变,将测试获得的这些占空比的离散结果对应不同的直流母线电压,拟合曲线(函数),形成直流母线电压与占空比的关系。例如线形关系等。Among them, the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the output control duty ratio can be established through testing, and the relationship can be a curve relationship obtained by testing; more specifically, during testing, through existing compressor control systems such as control circuits, Fix the heating target power of the compressor that needs to be heated used in the test, provide different DC bus voltages, determine the required switching sequence to output the control duty cycle, and the corresponding duty cycle has a corresponding output PWM control, which controls the switching sequence It can ensure that the corresponding different DC bus voltages can be controlled to output the fixed heating target power, that is, the heating power is the actual value unchanged. The discrete results of these duty ratios obtained by the test correspond to different DC bus voltages, and the fitted curve ( function) to form the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle. For example, linear relationships, etc.
下面结合图3、4和5对获得直流母线电压与占空比的关系的实现过程做更详细的说明。The implementation process for obtaining the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 , 4 and 5 .
参见图3所示,根据本发明的技术方案的一个实施例的压缩机控制电路的示意图。该控制电路的例子中,输入到压缩机永磁电机M的三相交流电,分别为U、V和W三相。图中分为三个部分,直流母线电压1、功率模块2、压缩机3。Referring to FIG. 3 , a schematic diagram of a compressor control circuit according to an embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention. In the example of the control circuit, the three-phase alternating currents input to the permanent magnet motor M of the compressor are U, V, and W three phases, respectively. The figure is divided into three parts,
一个实施方式中,直流母线电压1用Vdc表示,P表示【直流母线电压1的正极】,N表示【直流母线电压1的负极】、VT1至VT6表示【功率器件的开关部分】、VD1至VD6表示【功率器件的二极管部分】。In one embodiment, the
具体地,可以通过功率模块2向压缩机3施加控制信号,例如:一个开关周期内,前1/2个开关周期内,VT1一直开通,VT2和VT3一直关断,VT4按照设定占空比时间长度开通;后1/2个开关周期内,VT1和VT4一直关断,VT2按照设定占空比时间长度开通,VT3一直开通。如图4所示,根据本发明的技术方案的一个实施例的压缩机控制电路的开通时序示意图,该图示意性地给出了功率模块2控制信号变化情况,其中,Ts表示【功率器件开关周期】,t表示【时间】,VT1至VT6矩形块表示【功率器件开通时间】。Specifically, a control signal can be applied to the
一个实施方式中,以上述开通时序为例,VT1在一个周期Ts的前1/2个周期开通、VT3在一个周期Ts的后1/2个周期开通,开通时间固定。VT2和VT4开通时间相同(即开通时间长度相同),开通时刻不同(VT4在前1/2周期开通,VT2后1/2周期开通)。通过调整VT2和VT4分别在一个周期Ts的开通时间,实现占空比调节,开通时间越长,占空比越大。在其他条件相同的情况下,占空比越大,则发热功率越大。In one embodiment, taking the above turn-on sequence as an example, VT1 is turned on in the first half of a period Ts, VT3 is turned on in the last half of a period Ts, and the turn-on time is fixed. The opening time of VT2 and VT4 is the same (that is, the opening time length is the same), and the opening time is different (VT4 is opened in the first 1/2 cycle, and VT2 is opened in 1/2 cycle after). By adjusting the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 in one cycle Ts, respectively, the duty cycle adjustment is realized. The longer the turn-on time, the larger the duty cycle. Under other conditions being the same, the larger the duty cycle, the greater the heating power.
一个实施方式中,在上述电路和开关时序的基础上,提供波动的直流母线电压,在固定的发热目标功率条件下,测试获得对应波动的母线电压与占空比的关系。In one embodiment, based on the above circuit and switching sequence, a fluctuating DC bus voltage is provided, and under a fixed heating target power condition, the relationship between the corresponding fluctuating bus voltage and the duty cycle is obtained by testing.
下面通过一个具体的例子,以空调压缩机允许工作电压的最大波动范围为额定电压的±20%为基础,结合上述电路和开关设计,进一步详细地说明获得直流母线电压和占空比关系的过程:In the following, through a specific example, the process of obtaining the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle will be described in further detail, based on the fact that the maximum fluctuation range of the air-conditioning compressor's allowable operating voltage is ±20% of the rated voltage, combined with the above circuit and switch design. :
S1、根据对应的压缩机型号,设定一个合理的加热功率Wc。S1. According to the corresponding compressor model, set a reasonable heating power Wc.
S2、额定电压波动±20%范围内,设定多个/N个电压值为电压测试条件。进一步,测试电压可以在该范围内均匀分配。这里额定电压即正常的直流母线电压的值,对应着恒定的发热功率。S2. Within the range of ±20% of rated voltage fluctuation, set multiple/N voltage values as voltage test conditions. Further, the test voltage can be evenly distributed within this range. Here, the rated voltage is the value of the normal DC bus voltage, which corresponds to the constant heating power.
S3、测试每个电压值条件下,达到设定的合理加热功率Wc的占空比。S3. Test the duty ratio of the set reasonable heating power Wc under the condition of each voltage value.
S4、测试完成,以电压为横轴,占空比为纵轴,进行描点。S4. After the test is completed, take the voltage as the horizontal axis and the duty cycle as the vertical axis, and trace the points.
S5、拟合上述曲线趋势如图5所示根据本发明的技术方案的建立直流母线电压与占空比关系的一实施例的示意图。其中,测试完成确定了直流母线电压与占空比关系,即二者关系拟合曲线,建立二者线性关系,优选地,建立二者曲线关系。进一步,曲线拟合公式即表示直流母线电压与占空比关系。以三菱LNB65FBEMC压缩机为例,开关周期为50us时,不同直流母线电压下恒定发热功率的曲线可拟合为ton=(Ureal/UN)2*tN,其中UN是额定电压,tN是额定电压UN下,VT2和VT4的可满足目标发热功率的开通时间,Ureal是实际电压,ton是不同直流母线电压调节下,满足目标发热功率的VT2和VT4开通时间。S5. Fitting the above-mentioned curve trend FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle according to the technical solution of the present invention. Wherein, after the test is completed, the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle is determined, that is, the relationship between the two is fitted with a curve, and a linear relationship between the two is established, preferably, a curve relationship between the two is established. Further, the curve fitting formula represents the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty cycle. Taking Mitsubishi LNB65FBEMC compressor as an example, when the switching period is 50us, the curve of constant heating power under different DC bus voltages can be fitted as ton=(Ureal/U N ) 2 *t N , where UN is the rated voltage and tN is the rated voltage Under voltage UN, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 to meet the target heating power, Ureal is the actual voltage, and ton is the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 to meet the target heating power under different DC bus voltage regulation.
一个实施方式中,空调设备内压缩机系统,通常包含对压缩机控制的控制电路,进行压缩机加热时,本发明的方案无需增加额外装置,仅通过已有电路对输入到压缩机的三相电压进行控制而实现绕组感应加热,其先确定波动的直流母线电压与占空比的关系,尤其是拟合线性的关系,以便在电压波动时的压缩机加热过程中通过与占空比的所述关系进行占空比调整而在PWM输出时控制发热功率保持恒定。In one embodiment, the compressor system in the air-conditioning equipment usually includes a control circuit for controlling the compressor. When heating the compressor, the solution of the present invention does not need to add additional devices, and only uses the existing circuit to control the three-phase input to the compressor. The voltage is controlled to realize the winding induction heating, which first determines the relationship between the fluctuating DC bus voltage and the duty cycle, especially the linear relationship, so that in the compressor heating process when the voltage fluctuates, all the differences with the duty cycle can be passed. According to the above relationship, the duty cycle is adjusted and the heating power is controlled to keep constant during the PWM output.
控制模块220,用于对检测到的当前实际直流母线电压,根据所述关系,调整为对应的占空比,以所述占空比进行PWM输出控制。The control module 220 is configured to adjust the detected current actual DC bus voltage to a corresponding duty cycle according to the relationship, and perform PWM output control with the duty cycle.
其中,建立了对应需要加热的压缩机的直流母线电压与占空比的关系后,在压缩机加热时,通过实时检测当前实际直流母线电压的变化情况,调整相应的占空比。Among them, after establishing the relationship between the DC bus voltage and the duty ratio corresponding to the compressor to be heated, when the compressor is heating, the corresponding duty ratio is adjusted by detecting the current actual DC bus voltage change in real time.
比如:当压缩机启动后需要加热时,检测当前实际直流母线电压,并根据所述曲线关系,找到对应该实际直流母线电压的占空比,调整该占空比结果,并以该占空比结果进行PWM输出,由该PWM输出控制,其开关时序确保在压缩机的两相施加高频交流电压并且交替变化,增加压缩机铁磁材料的磁滞损耗和涡流损耗,实现绕组感应加热,尤其是该PWM输出控制,对应实际的直流母线电压值,确保了发热功率始终保持恒定。For example: when the compressor needs to be heated after starting, the current actual DC bus voltage is detected, and according to the curve relationship, the duty cycle corresponding to the actual DC bus voltage is found, the result of the duty cycle is adjusted, and the duty cycle The result is PWM output, which is controlled by the PWM output, and its switching sequence ensures that high-frequency AC voltage is applied to the two phases of the compressor and alternately changes, which increases the hysteresis loss and eddy current loss of the ferromagnetic material of the compressor, and realizes winding induction heating, especially It is the PWM output control, corresponding to the actual DC bus voltage value, to ensure that the heating power is always kept constant.
表1Table 1
一个实施例中,如表1所示,以三菱LNB65FBEMC压缩机为例,开关周期为50us,在一个开关周期内,VT1和VT3分别在前半周期和后半周期分别开通25us。VT2和VT4的开通时间根据检测到的直流母线电压进行对应调整,控制压缩机加热时,固定发热目标功率为50W,当检测到直流母线电压为425V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为14.7us,占空比为29%,发热实际功率51.6W;当检测到直流母线电压为472V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为12.1us,占空比为24%,发热实际功率51.0W;当检测到直流母线电压为525V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为9.8us,占空比为20%,发热实际功率50.4W;当检测到直流母线电压为577V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为8.0us,占空比为16%,发热实际功率51.1W;当检测到直流母线电压为643V时,VT2和VT4的开通时间调整为6.7us,占空比为13%,发热实际功率49.9W。而由于输出控制随着电压波动已经发生变化从而保证了发热功率保持恒定。这样,不同的直流母线电压变化伴随着占空比的不同,相互对应,随时能够根据不同的电压波动改变占空比进而改变PWM输出控制,在与测试获得直流母线电压和占空比的关系的情况一样,始终保持着固定的发热功率,由此,保证了控制发热功率的恒定。In one embodiment, as shown in Table 1, taking the Mitsubishi LNB65FBEMC compressor as an example, the switching period is 50us. In one switching period, VT1 and VT3 are respectively turned on for 25us in the first half cycle and the second half cycle. The turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted according to the detected DC bus voltage. When controlling the heating of the compressor, the fixed heating target power is 50W. When the detected DC bus voltage is 425V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 14.7us , the duty cycle is 29%, and the actual heating power is 51.6W; when the detected DC bus voltage is 472V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 12.1us, the duty cycle is 24%, and the actual heating power is 51.0W; When the DC bus voltage is 525V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 9.8us, the duty cycle is 20%, and the actual heating power is 50.4W; when the DC bus voltage is detected to be 577V, the turn-on time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 8.0us, the duty cycle is 16%, and the actual heating power is 51.1W; when the detected DC bus voltage is 643V, the on-time of VT2 and VT4 is adjusted to 6.7us, the duty cycle is 13%, and the actual heating power is 49.9W. And because the output control has changed with the voltage fluctuation to ensure that the heating power remains constant. In this way, different DC bus voltage changes are accompanied by different duty ratios, corresponding to each other, and the duty cycle can be changed at any time according to different voltage fluctuations and then the PWM output control can be changed. In the same situation, the fixed heating power is always maintained, thereby ensuring the constant control of the heating power.
下面描述本发明的技术方案的一个应用场景的例子,以进一步说明本发明的实现方式:An example of an application scenario of the technical solution of the present invention is described below to further illustrate the implementation of the present invention:
空调设备中具备压缩机控制系统,如图3所示。压缩机控制系统中包括永磁电机M(压缩机)部分3,输入永磁电机M的电压有三相U、V和W,该部分还油池。压缩机控制系统中还包括连接到输入电源端的直流母线电压Vdc部分1、以及功率模块部分2。直流母线电压Vdc部分1通过功率模块部分2向压缩机部分3施加控制信号,控制VT1至VT6的通断,具体例如图4所示开关时序。例如:一个开关周期内,前1/2个开关周期,VT1一直开通,VT2和VT3一直关断,VT4按照设定占空比时间长度开通;后1/2个开关周期内,VT1和VT4一直关断,VT2按照设定占空比时间长度开通,VT3一直开通。VT5和VT6一直关断。该开关的开通时序中,VT1和VT3分别在前后1/2个周期一直开通。VT2和VT4开通时刻不同,开通时间相同。这样可以通过调整VT2和VT4开通时间,实现占空比调节,开通时间越长,占空比越大。在其他条件相同的情况下,在其它条件相同的情况下,占空比增大,流经绕组的电流增大,磁通量会相应增大,而绕组的涡流损耗和磁滞损耗和磁通量呈正比关系,因此发热功率增大。在这样,对应压缩机设置波动电压范围,在该范围电压下,将电压均匀分配,每个电压值下,确定直流母线电压、并测试固定发热目标功率条件下的开通时序,确定占空比结果,30%、50%、80%等。测试完成,对应直流母线电压值描出对应的占空比值,将直流母线电压值与占空比值拟合曲线关系。在空调压缩机需要控制加热时,实时检测的当前的实际直流母线电压值,按照该曲线关系调整占空比,这样,根据该占空比进行PWM输出控制,具体可以实现功率模块部分2的VT1至VT6开通时间控制随之发生变化,使得整个加热过程能保持一个恒定发热功率。The air conditioner is equipped with a compressor control system, as shown in Figure 3. The compressor control system includes a permanent magnet motor M (compressor)
进一步,在本发明的一种计算机存储介质的一个实施例中,所述计算机存储介质存储多条程序代码,所述程序代码适用于由处理器加载并运行以执行前述任一绕组感应加热方法。Further, in an embodiment of a computer storage medium of the present invention, the computer storage medium stores a plurality of program codes, and the program codes are adapted to be loaded and executed by a processor to execute any one of the foregoing winding induction heating methods.
进一步,本发明的一种控制装置的一个实施例中,包括处理器和存储器,所述存储装置适于存储多条程序代码,所述程序代码适于由所述处理器加载并运行以执行前述任一绕组感应加热方法。进一步该控制装置例如可以是空调设备中的MCU等。Further, in an embodiment of a control device of the present invention, it includes a processor and a memory, the storage device is adapted to store a plurality of program codes, and the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the foregoing Either winding induction heating method. Further, the control device may be, for example, an MCU in an air conditioner or the like.
进一步,在本发明的一种空调设备的一个实施例中,包括:前述任一绕组感应加热系统;或者,包括:压缩机控制系统和前述控制装置。具体地,所述控制装置的处理器加载存储器中的多条程序代码并执行前述任一绕组感应加热方法,实时检测压缩机控制系统的实际直流母线电压并根据建立的直流母线电压与占空比的关系调整对应的占空比,以进行PWM输出控制。进一步,PWM输出控制功率模块中的开关的开通时序,以保持压缩机加热的发热功率恒定。Further, in an embodiment of an air conditioner of the present invention, it includes: any one of the foregoing winding induction heating systems; or, includes: a compressor control system and the foregoing control device. Specifically, the processor of the control device loads a plurality of program codes in the memory and executes any one of the above-mentioned winding induction heating methods, detects the actual DC bus voltage of the compressor control system in real time, and according to the established DC bus voltage and duty cycle The relationship of , adjust the corresponding duty cycle for PWM output control. Further, the PWM output controls the turn-on sequence of the switches in the power module to keep the heating power of the compressor heating constant.
本领域技术人员能够理解的是,本发明实现上述一实施例的方法中的全部或部分流程,也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中,该计算机程序在被处理器执行时,可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中,所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码,所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质可以包括:能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是,所述计算机可读介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减,例如在某些司法管辖区,根据立法和专利实践,计算机可读介质不包括电载波信号和电信信号。Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the process in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention can also be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable In the storage medium, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be implemented. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form, and the like. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, medium, U disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier signal , telecommunication signals, and software distribution media. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable media may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction, for example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable media Electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals are not included.
进一步,应该理解的是,由于各个模块的设定仅仅是为了说明本发明的系统的功能单元,这些模块对应的物理器件可以是处理器本身,或者处理器中软件的一部分,硬件的一部分,或者软件和硬件结合的一部分。因此,图中的各个模块的数量仅仅是示意性的。Further, it should be understood that since the setting of each module is only for describing the functional units of the system of the present invention, the physical device corresponding to these modules may be the processor itself, or a part of software in the processor, a part of hardware, or Part of the combination of software and hardware. Therefore, the numbers of the various modules in the figures are merely schematic.
本领域技术人员能够理解的是,可以对系统中的各个模块进行适应性地拆分或合并。对具体模块的这种拆分或合并并不会导致技术方案偏离本发明的原理,因此,拆分或合并之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围内。Those skilled in the art can understand that each module in the system can be divided or merged adaptively. Such splitting or merging of specific modules will not cause the technical solutions to deviate from the principles of the present invention, and therefore, the technical solutions after splitting or combining will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
至此,已经结合附图所示的一个实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案,但是,本领域技术人员容易理解的是,本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下,本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换,这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, but those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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