CN112032804B - Power generation and centralized heating system and method for gradient development and utilization of medium-low temperature geothermal energy - Google Patents
Power generation and centralized heating system and method for gradient development and utilization of medium-low temperature geothermal energy Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/11—Geothermal energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/12—Heat pump
- F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power generation and centralized heating system and a method for developing and utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal energy in a gradient manner. It has solved prior art design technical problem such as reasonable inadequately. The system comprises a medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system, a geothermal power generation system, a geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system with at least four plate heat exchangers and a building indoor system, wherein the plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system are sequentially connected end to end and are connected with the building indoor system in parallel, the system also comprises a geothermal heat pump heating system with at least two geothermal heat pumps, and the geothermal heat pumps of the geothermal heat pump heating system are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system and are mutually connected in series on the building indoor system. Has the advantages that: according to the invention, geothermal energy is utilized in five stages in a cascade manner, partial cascade utilization can be carried out according to the temperature characteristics of geothermal water of actual projects, but the overall energy utilization efficiency exceeds 80%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of efficient development and utilization of middle-deep geothermal energy. In particular to a power generation and centralized heating system and a method which utilize the medium-low temperature geothermal water with the temperature of 150 ℃ to 15 ℃ to develop and utilize in a cascade way, and the system and the method are used for supplying power and centralized heating for buildings and agricultural facilities.
Background
The geothermal energy is the heat energy accumulated in the earth, and is a clean, low-carbon, widely distributed, safe and high-quality renewable energy source with rich resources. The middle-deep geothermal energy mainly refers to heat energy resources contained in the underground stratum within the range of 200-3000 meters, the middle-deep geothermal energy is mainly developed in a hydrothermal mode, the storage capacity of Chinese hydrothermal geothermal resources is huge, the total amount of the Chinese hydrothermal geothermal resources is 1.25 trillion tons of standard coal, and the middle-low geothermal energy is mainly of a medium-low temperature geothermal type below 150 ℃.
The medium-low temperature geothermal development and utilization technology comprises a medium-low temperature geothermal power generation technology and a medium-low temperature geothermal heating technology, and is suitable for the medium-low temperature geothermal power generation technology, such as a steam flash evaporation cycle technology, a Kalina cycle power generation technology and an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power generation technology. In the aspect of energy utilization, due to the maturity of power generation technology and heat pump technology, the conventional geothermal gradient utilization does not realize the temperature matching, gradient utilization and grade contra-aperture of energy to the maximum extent according to the grade of energy, thereby reducing energy loss.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, people have long searched for various solutions, and for example, chinese patent literature discloses a cogeneration method and device for stepwise utilizing middle and low temperature waste heat [ application number: CN201710330949.1 ]: the method comprises the following steps: a first-stage evaporator; the invention relates to an expansion machine, a condenser, a first storage tank, a working medium pump, a radiator, a second-stage evaporator, a compressor, a heat exchanger, a storage tank and the like.
Although the above-mentioned scheme has realized the integration of geothermal power generation and geothermal heating system, forms the cascade utilization form that geothermal heat and power supplied jointly, but above-mentioned scheme only carries out tertiary cascade utilization with waste heat such as geothermol power, and its second grade utilization and tertiary utilization can also subdivide the cascade utilization, just can fully realize the principle of "temperature matching, grade are to mouthful, cascade utilization", improve the energy utilization efficiency of entire system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a power generation and centralized heating system for developing and utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal energy in a gradient manner.
The invention also aims to solve the problems and provide a power generation and centralized heating method for developing and utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal energy in a gradient manner.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the medium-low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization power generation and centralized heating system comprises a medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation system, wherein the medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation system is connected with a geothermal power generation system, the geothermal power generation system is connected with a geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system with at least four plate heat exchangers, the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system is connected with a building indoor system, all the plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system are sequentially connected end to end and are connected with the building indoor system in parallel, the combined heat and power supply device further comprises a geothermal heat pump heating system with at least two geothermal heat pumps, and the geothermal heat pumps of the geothermal heat pump geothermal heat supply system correspond to the plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system one by one and are connected in series on the building indoor system.
The invention can recover the middle-low temperature waste heat to simultaneously generate and supply power and realize cogeneration, and adopts the cascade utilization technology of the organic Rankine cycle power generation technology and the hydrothermal plate exchange and heat pump heating technology, so that the characteristics of middle-low temperature geothermal resources in China are combined, a five-stage cascade utilization system suitable for middle-low temperature geothermal power generation and heating is provided, and the cascade high-efficiency utilization of energy is realized to the maximum extent through high-efficiency geothermal power generation and heat pump technologies.
In the power generation and centralized heating system for medium-low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization, the geothermal power generation system comprises a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set connected with a medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation system, and the geothermal ORC Rankine generator set is connected with a cooling tower.
In the power generation and centralized heating system developed and utilized by the medium-low temperature geothermal gradient, the building indoor system comprises indoor radiators and/or heating floors which are sequentially arranged.
In the power generation and centralized heating system for the medium-low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization, the geothermal plate heat exchange heating system comprises a first-stage plate exchanger connected with a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set, the first-stage plate exchanger is sequentially connected with a second-stage plate exchanger, a third-stage plate exchanger and a fourth-stage plate exchanger in series step by step, the first-stage plate exchanger is connected with an indoor radiator, and the second-stage plate exchanger, the third-stage plate exchanger and the fourth-stage plate exchanger are all connected with a heating floor in parallel.
In the above power generation and centralized heating system for medium and low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization, the geothermal heat pump heating system comprises a primary geothermal heat pump and a secondary geothermal heat pump, the primary geothermal heat pump is arranged in series between a three-stage plate exchanger and a heating floor, and the secondary geothermal heat pump is arranged in series between a four-stage plate exchanger and the heating floor.
In the power generation and centralized heating system for developing and utilizing the medium-low temperature geothermal gradient, the medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system comprises a geothermal water pumping well, the geothermal water pumping well is connected with a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set through a sand remover, and the four-stage plate is connected with a geothermal water pumping well through a pumping and irrigating water treatment device.
In the power generation and centralized heating system developed and utilized by the medium-low temperature geothermal gradient, the first-stage geothermal heat pump is an air suspension heat pump, and the second-stage geothermal heat pump is a screw compressor heat pump.
The power generation and centralized heating method for the medium-low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization of the power generation and centralized heating system comprises the following steps:
the power generation and centralized heat supply method for the gradient development and utilization of medium-low temperature geothermal energy comprises the following steps:
s1, generating power by a geothermal power generation system through geothermal water in a middle-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well mining and filling system, and supplying tail water of the geothermal water to a geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system and/or a geothermal heat pump heating system to supply heat to a building indoor system;
and S2, at least two plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system perform step-by-step heat exchange on the geothermal water tail water to supply heat for the building indoor system, and the residual plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system and the geothermal heat pump of the geothermal heat pump supply system are connected in series to perform step-by-step heat exchange on the geothermal water tail water again to continue to supply heat for the building indoor system.
In the above-described power generation and concentrated heating method for medium-low temperature geothermal cascade development and utilization, in step S1, a geothermal ORC rankine generator set generates power using geothermal water, and tail water is supplied to a subsequent stage of heating.
In the above power generation and centralized heat supply method for medium and low temperature geothermal cascade development and utilization, in step S2, the user side of the first stage plate exchanger is connected to an indoor radiator of a building indoor system to supply circulating hot water for heating, the user side of the second stage plate exchanger is connected to a heating floor of the building indoor system, the third stage plate exchanger is connected to the first stage geothermal heat pump, the first stage geothermal heat pump employs an air suspension heat pump, the third stage plate exchanger supplies circulating hot water to the first stage geothermal heat pump to produce hot water with higher temperature for supplying to the heating floor for indoor heating, the fourth stage plate exchanger is connected to the second stage geothermal heat pump to supply circulating hot water to the second stage geothermal heat pump to produce hot water with higher temperature for supplying to the heating floor for indoor heating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. all temperature ranges of medium-low temperature geothermy are efficiently utilized, particularly the temperature range from 45 degrees to 25 degrees, the efficient working range of the air suspension heat pump is matched with the working condition of geothermy tail water, and the utilization efficiency of the whole system is improved.
2. According to the invention, geothermal energy is utilized in five stages in a cascade manner, partial cascade utilization can be carried out according to the temperature characteristics of geothermal water of actual projects, but the overall energy utilization efficiency exceeds 80%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
in the figure, a middle-deep hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system 1, a geothermal water pumping well 11, a sand remover 12, a recharging water processing device 13, a geothermal water recharging well 14, a geothermal power generation system 2, a geothermal ORC rankine generator set 21, a cooling tower 22, a geothermal plate heat exchange heating system 3, a primary plate heat exchanger 31, a secondary plate heat exchanger 32, a tertiary plate heat exchanger 33, a quaternary plate heat exchanger 34, a geothermal heat pump heating system 4, a primary geothermal heat pump 41, a secondary geothermal heat pump 42, a building indoor system 5, an indoor radiator 51 and a heating floor 52.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the power generation and centralized heating system for medium and low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization includes a medium and deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation system 1, the medium and deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation system 1 is connected with a geothermal power generation system 2, the geothermal power generation system 2 is connected with a geothermal plate heat exchange and heating system 3 having at least four plate heat exchangers, the geothermal plate heat exchange and heating system 3 is connected with a building indoor system 5, and each plate heat exchanger of the geothermal plate heat exchange and heating system 3 is sequentially connected end to end and is connected in parallel with the building indoor system 5, in this embodiment, the system further includes a heat pump heating system 4 having at least two geothermal heat pumps, and the geothermal heat pumps of the geothermal heat pump heating system 4 are respectively corresponding to the plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and heating system 3 one by one and are connected in series to the building indoor system 5.
The invention can recover the middle-low temperature waste heat to simultaneously generate and supply power and realize cogeneration, and adopts the cascade utilization technology of the organic Rankine cycle power generation technology and the hydrothermal plate exchange and heat pump heating technology, so that the characteristics of middle-low temperature geothermal resources in China are combined, a five-stage cascade utilization system suitable for middle-low temperature geothermal power generation and heating is provided, and the cascade high-efficiency utilization of energy is realized to the maximum extent through high-efficiency geothermal power generation and heat pump technologies.
Specifically, the geothermal power generation system 2 in the present embodiment includes a geothermal ORC rankine generator unit 21 connected to the middle-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system 1, and the geothermal ORC rankine generator unit 21 is connected to a cooling tower 22.
Here, the building indoor system 5 includes an indoor radiator 51 and/or a heating floor 52, which are sequentially provided.
Preferably, the geothermal plate heat exchange heating system 3 comprises a first-stage plate exchanger 31 connected with the geothermal ORC Rankine generator set 21, wherein the first-stage plate exchanger 31 is sequentially connected with a second-stage plate exchanger 32, a third-stage plate exchanger 33 and a fourth-stage plate exchanger 34 in series in a step-by-step mode, the first-stage plate exchanger 31 is connected with an indoor radiator 51, and the second-stage plate exchanger 32, the third-stage plate exchanger 33 and the fourth-stage plate exchanger 34 are all connected with a heating floor 52 in parallel.
Further, the geothermal heat pump heating system 4 here includes a primary geothermal heat pump 41 and a secondary geothermal heat pump 42, the primary geothermal heat pump 41 being disposed in series between the tertiary plate exchanger 33 and the heating floor 52, and the secondary geothermal heat pump 42 being disposed in series between the quaternary plate exchanger 34 and the heating floor 52. Preferably, the primary geothermal heat pump 41 here is an air-suspension heat pump and the secondary geothermal heat pump 42 is a screw compressor heat pump.
Furthermore, the system 1 for extracting and filling geothermal water from the geothermal well comprises a geothermal water extraction well 11, wherein the geothermal water extraction well 11 is connected with a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set 21 through a desander 12, and the four-stage plate exchanger 34 is connected with a geothermal water return well 14 through a return water processing device 13.
In this embodiment, the middle-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system 1 in the power generation and centralized heating system for medium-low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization includes a geothermal water pumping well 11, a desander 12, a recharging water processing device 13, and a geothermal water recharging well 14, and is circulated to the ground through a geothermal rankine ORC generator set 21 and a four-stage plate to exchange heat, so that heat is provided for indoor use of a building through utilization of power generation and four-stage heating.
The hydrothermal geothermal water production well 11, the cooling tower 22 and the geothermal ORC Rankine generator set 21 are connected to form a geothermal power generation system, electricity generated by the geothermal power generation system is used by electric equipment of the system, residual electricity can be connected to the internet, the four-level heating plate is changed through direct transmission and distribution and heat pump lifting, and hot water is supplied to an indoor radiator and a heating floor.
The geothermal heat pump heating system 4 is divided into two stages for use, the first-stage geothermal heat pump 41 adopts an air suspension heat pump, the inlet temperature can be increased to 30 ℃ from the conventional 25 ℃, the air suspension unit has no lubricating oil and no gear transmission system, only the compression ratio of a compressor is required to be reduced along with the increase of the evaporation temperature, the power of the corresponding motor can be reduced greatly, the system is greatly improved in energy efficiency, the temperature utilization interval of the second-stage geothermal heat pump 42 is lower, the conventional screw compressor heat pump can be used, in addition, the requirement difference of the temperature is also realized through a radiator and a floor, the water supply temperature after heat exchange of the plate heat exchanger is matched in two stages, and the efficiency of step utilization is also improved.
Obviously, the invention reduces the temperature loss, finely utilizes the terrestrial heat in a grading way, particularly creatively utilizes the higher temperature of the terrestrial heat tail water by matching with the high-efficiency air suspension heat pump unit, and reduces the efficiency loss caused by the temperature loss.
The power generation and centralized heating method for developing and utilizing the medium-low temperature geothermal gradient in the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
s1, a geothermal power generation system 2 generates power through geothermal water in a middle-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system 1, and tail water of the geothermal water is supplied to a geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system 3 and/or a geothermal heat pump heating system 4 to supply heat to a building indoor system 5;
s2, at least two plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system 3 perform step-by-step heat exchange on the geothermal water tail water to supply heat for the building indoor system 5, and the residual plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system 3 are connected in series with geothermal heat pumps of the geothermal heat pump supply system 4 to perform step-by-step heat exchange on the geothermal water tail water again to continue to supply heat for the building indoor system 5.
In step S1, the geothermal ORC rankine generator set 21 generates power using geothermal water, and the tail water is supplied to the subsequent stage heating use.
In step S2, the user side of the first-stage plate exchanger 31 is connected to the indoor radiator 51 of the building indoor system 5 to supply circulating hot water for heating, the user side of the second-stage plate exchanger 32 is connected to the heating floor 52 of the building indoor system 5, the third-stage plate exchanger 33 is connected to the first-stage geothermal heat pump 41, the first-stage geothermal heat pump 41 employs an air suspension heat pump, the third-stage plate exchanger 33 supplies circulating hot water to the first-stage geothermal heat pump 41 to produce hot water at a higher temperature to supply the heating floor 52 for heating indoors, the fourth-stage plate exchanger 34 is connected to the second-stage geothermal heat pump 42, and the fourth-stage plate exchanger 34 supplies circulating hot water to the second-stage geothermal heat pump 42 to again produce hot water at a higher temperature to supply the heating floor 52 for heating indoors.
Specifically, the power generation and centralized heat supply method for developing and utilizing medium-low temperature geothermal gradient in the embodiment specifically comprises the following specific steps:
through the geothermal ORC Rankine generator set 21, geothermal water with the temperature of below 150 ℃ is utilized to 75 ℃, tail water is supplied to subsequent levels for heating, the generating efficiency can reach about 10%, the generated power can sufficiently cover the power consumption of other electric equipment of the whole set of equipment, the self-sufficiency of energy is formed, and the surplus power can be on the internet.
Next, the first-stage plate exchanger 31 utilizes the geothermal water at 75 ℃ to 60 ℃, the user side of the first-stage plate exchanger 31 is connected with a radiator 51 in the building room and supplies the circulating hot water at 60 ℃ to 55 ℃ for heating, the second-stage plate exchanger 32 utilizes the geothermal water at 60 ℃ to 45 ℃, the user side of the first-stage plate exchanger 31 is connected with a heating floor 52 of the building indoor system 5, the circulating hot water at 45 ℃ to 35 ℃ can be supplied for heating due to the lower requirement of the radiation end on the water supply temperature, the third-stage plate exchanger 33 utilizes the geothermal water at 45 ℃ to 35 ℃, the third-stage plate exchanger 33 is connected with the first-stage geothermal heat pump 41, the first-stage geothermal heat pump 41 adopts an air suspension heat pump, the third-stage plate exchanger 33 can supply the circulating hot water at 30 ℃ to 20 ℃ to the first-stage geothermal heat pump 41 to produce the hot water at 45 ℃ to 35 ℃ and supply the heating floor 52 for indoor heating, the fourth-stage plate exchanger 34 utilizes the geothermal water at 35 ℃ to 15 ℃, the four-stage plate exchanger 34 is connected with the two-stage geothermal heat pump 42, the four-stage plate exchanger 34 can supply circulating hot water with the temperature of 15-7 ℃ to the two-stage geothermal heat pump 42 to produce hot water with the temperature of 45-35 ℃, the hot water is supplied to a heating floor 52 to carry out indoor heating, a branch system of the one-stage plate exchanger 31 or the two-stage plate exchanger 32 can be selected according to the type of indoor end equipment of a building, in addition, the branch systems of the three-stage plate exchanger 33 and the four-stage plate exchanger 34 can be selected according to the indoor heat load and the flow rate of geothermal water, the overall efficiency is sequentially reduced, and a high-efficiency utilization mode is selected and reserved.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although terms such as the intermediate-depth hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system 1, the geothermal water pumping well 11, the sand remover 12, the recharge water processing device 13, the geothermal water pumping well 14, the geothermal power generation system 2, the geothermal ORC generator set 21, the cooling tower 22, the geothermal plate heat exchange heating system 3, the primary plate heat exchange 31, the secondary plate heat exchange 32, the tertiary plate heat exchange 33, the quaternary plate heat exchange 34, the geothermal heat pump heating system 4, the primary geothermal heat pump 41, the secondary geothermal heat pump 42, the building indoor system 5, the indoor radiator 51, and the heating floor 52 are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The power generation and centralized heating system for medium-low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization comprises a medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation and extraction system (1), wherein the medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation and extraction system (1) is connected with a geothermal power generation system (2), and is characterized in that the geothermal power generation system (2) comprises a geothermal ORC (organic Rankine cycle) generator set (21) connected with the medium-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well irrigation and extraction system (1), and the geothermal ORC generator set (21) is connected with a cooling tower (22); the combined heat and power device comprises a geothermal power generation system (2), a geothermal plate heat exchange and heating system (3) with at least four plate heat exchangers, a building indoor system (5), a geothermal heat pump heating system (4) with at least two geothermal heat pumps, and geothermal heat pumps of the geothermal heat pump heating system (4) are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and heating system (3) and are mutually connected in series on the building indoor system (5); the building indoor system (5) comprises an indoor radiator (51) and/or a heating floor (52) which are sequentially arranged; the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system (3) comprises a primary plate exchanger (31) connected with a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set (21), wherein the primary plate exchanger (31) is sequentially connected with a secondary plate exchanger (32), a tertiary plate exchanger (33) and a quaternary plate exchanger (34) in series in a stepwise manner, the primary plate exchanger (31) is connected with an indoor radiator (51), and the secondary plate exchanger (32), the tertiary plate exchanger (33) and the quaternary plate exchanger (34) are all connected with a heating floor (52) in parallel; the geothermal heat pump heating system (4) comprises a primary geothermal heat pump (41) and a secondary geothermal heat pump (42), wherein the primary geothermal heat pump (41) is arranged between a three-stage plate exchanger (33) and a heating floor (52) in series, and the secondary geothermal heat pump (42) is arranged between a four-stage plate exchanger (34) and the heating floor (52) in series; the primary geothermal heat pump (41) is an air suspension heat pump, and the secondary geothermal heat pump (42) is a screw compressor heat pump; the middle-deep-layer hydrothermal geothermal well pumping and irrigating system (1) comprises a geothermal water pumping and irrigating well (11), the geothermal water pumping and irrigating well (11) is connected with a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set (21) through a sand remover (12), and the four-stage plate exchanger (34) is connected with a geothermal water recharging well (14) through a recharging water treatment device (13); the primary geothermal heat pump (41) adopts an air suspension heat pump, the inlet temperature can be increased from the conventional 25 ℃ to 30 ℃, geothermal water below 150 ℃ is utilized to 75 ℃ through a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set (21), tail water is supplied to subsequent grade heating, the primary plate exchanger (31) utilizes the geothermal water at 75 ℃ to 60 ℃, the user side of the primary plate exchanger (31) is connected with a radiator (51) in a building room, circulating hot water at 60 ℃ to 55 ℃ is supplied for heating, the secondary plate exchanger (32) utilizes the geothermal water at 60 ℃ to 45 ℃, the user side of the primary plate exchanger (31) is connected with a heating floor (52) of a building indoor system (5), the requirement of the radiation tail end on the water supply temperature is low, the circulating hot water at 45 ℃ to 35 ℃ can be supplied for heating, the tertiary plate exchanger (33) utilizes the geothermal water at 45 ℃ to 35 ℃, and the tertiary plate exchanger (33) is connected with the primary geothermal heat pump (41), because the primary geothermal heat pump (41) adopts an air suspension heat pump, the tertiary plate exchanger (33) can supply circulating hot water at 30-20 ℃ to the primary geothermal heat pump (41) to produce hot water at 45-35 ℃ and supply the hot water to the heating floor (52) for indoor heating, the quaternary plate exchanger (34) can utilize the geothermal water at 35 ℃ to 15 ℃, the quaternary plate exchanger (34) is connected with the secondary geothermal heat pump (42), and the quaternary plate exchanger (34) can supply circulating hot water at 15-7 ℃ to the secondary geothermal heat pump (42) to produce hot water at 45-35 ℃ and supply the hot water to the heating floor (52) for indoor heating.
2. The power generation and centralized heating method for medium and low temperature geothermal gradient development and utilization of the power generation and centralized heating system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the geothermal power generation system (2) generates power through geothermal water in the middle-deep layer hydrothermal geothermal well pumping system (1), and tail water of the geothermal water is supplied to the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system (3) and/or the geothermal heat pump heating system (4) to supply heat to the building indoor system (5);
s2, at least two plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system (3) perform step-by-step heat exchange on the geothermal water tail water to supply heat for the building indoor system (5), and the residual plate heat exchangers of the geothermal plate heat exchange and supply system (3) and geothermal heat pumps of the geothermal heat pump supply system (4) are connected in series to perform step-by-step heat exchange again on the geothermal water tail water to supply heat for the building indoor system (5);
in step S1, a geothermal ORC Rankine generator set (21) generates power by using geothermal water, and tail water is supplied for a subsequent level of heating use;
in step S2, the user side of the first-stage plate exchanger (31) is connected to an indoor radiator (51) of a building indoor system (5) and supplies circulating hot water for heating, the user side of the second-stage plate exchanger (32) is connected to a heating floor (52) of the building indoor system (5), the third-stage plate exchanger (33) is connected to a first-stage geothermal heat pump (41), the first-stage geothermal heat pump (41) employs an air suspension heat pump, the third-stage plate exchanger (33) supplies circulating hot water to the first-stage geothermal heat pump (41) and supplies hot water with a higher production temperature to the heating floor (52) for heating indoors, the fourth-stage plate exchanger (34) is connected to a second-stage geothermal heat pump (42), and the fourth-stage plate exchanger (34) supplies circulating hot water to the second-stage geothermal heat pump (42) and again generates hot water with a higher production temperature to the heating floor (52) for heating indoors.
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