CN112032386A - Natural smoke-discharging fire-proof valve for house building and use method thereof - Google Patents
Natural smoke-discharging fire-proof valve for house building and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112032386A CN112032386A CN202010918918.XA CN202010918918A CN112032386A CN 112032386 A CN112032386 A CN 112032386A CN 202010918918 A CN202010918918 A CN 202010918918A CN 112032386 A CN112032386 A CN 112032386A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/36—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position
- F16K17/38—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position of excessive temperature
- F16K17/383—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position of excessive temperature the valve comprising fusible, softening or meltable elements, e.g. used as link, blocking element, seal, closure plug
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
- E04F17/02—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage for carrying away waste gases, e.g. flue gases; Building elements specially designed therefor, e.g. shaped bricks or sets thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to a natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house construction and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building industry. The technical scheme is as follows: a flow guide pipe is arranged in the fireproof valve shell (6), a main flow guide pipe air inlet connector (1) and an auxiliary flow guide pipe air inlet connector (2) are arranged on the fireproof valve shell and are respectively connected with a main flow guide pipe (3) and an auxiliary flow guide pipe (7) in the fireproof valve shell, and a fireproof door (11) is arranged at the top of the flow guide pipe and can rotatably cover the upper parts of a main flow guide pipe air outlet (16) and an auxiliary flow guide pipe air outlet (17); the pressure-variable drainage guide plate is arranged outside the guide pipe, and a gap (18) is reserved between the pressure-variable drainage guide plate and the guide pipe. The invention utilizes the function of the main draft tube to generate gas extraction on the auxiliary draft tube, and is provided with the variable pressure drainage guide plate, the oil fume of the lower layer of households generates gas extraction after passing through the variable pressure drainage guide plate, the greater the fume discharged by the lower layer of households is, the stronger the gas extraction effect is, the more natural gas exchange can be realized for twenty-four hours, and the peculiar smell is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house construction and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building industry.
Background
The smoke exhaust flue of multi-storey, small and high-rise, high-rise and building buildings is a smoke exhaust flue formed by longitudinally installing layers by layers, and when the smoke exhaust ventilator is opened by all residents in the lower storey, smoke flows back and is easy to flow back and cross to a kitchen and a toilet after passing through a fire-proof valve (a check valve) in the upper storey or the lower storey. The fire-proof valve for natural smoke-discharging gas is divided into main and auxiliary flow-guiding pipes, the main flow-guiding pipe is directly connected with smoke-discharging machine of kitchen, the auxiliary flow-guiding pipe can be connected with exhaust fan on the ceiling of any position of house by means of hose, and the smoke gas which can not be discharged completely by smoke-discharging machine can be passed through auxiliary flow-guiding pipe to implement secondary smoke-discharging. The prior art has the following problems: only one smoke inlet is arranged on the fire damper, so that oil, smoke and gas cannot be exhausted completely, in addition, the structure of the flow guide pipe in the fire damper is unreasonable, the gas pulling effect is avoided, the smoke exhaust amount is small, natural smoke exhaust and exhaust are difficult to form, and the ventilation in 24 hours cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house buildings and a using method thereof.
Technical scheme of the invention
A natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house buildings comprises a main guide flow pipe air inlet interface, an auxiliary guide flow pipe air inlet interface, a fire damper shell, a variable pressure drainage guide plate, a guide flow pipe, a fire door, a main guide flow pipe air outlet and an auxiliary guide flow pipe air outlet; a guide pipe is arranged in the fire valve shell, the guide pipe comprises a main guide pipe and an auxiliary guide pipe, a main guide pipe air inlet interface and an auxiliary guide pipe air inlet interface are arranged on the fire valve shell and are respectively connected with the main guide pipe and the auxiliary guide pipe in the fire valve shell, the heights of an air outlet of the auxiliary guide pipe in the fire valve shell are different from those of an air outlet of the main guide pipe, and a fire door is arranged at the top of the guide pipe and can be rotatably covered above the air outlet of the main guide; the pressure-variable drainage guide plate is arranged outside the guide pipe, a gap is reserved between the pressure-variable drainage guide plate and the guide pipe, and the upper end of the pressure-variable drainage guide plate is higher than the top of the guide pipe.
The auxiliary flow guide pipe and the main flow guide pipe are of sleeve structures, the heights of the air outlets of the auxiliary flow guide pipe and the main flow guide pipe are different, the air outlets positioned on the outer layer of the sleeve structures are higher, and a fireproof door is arranged at the top of the sleeve structures and can rotatably cover the air outlets of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe; the auxiliary flow guide pipe can be arranged on the outer layer, the main flow guide pipe can be arranged on the inner layer, the auxiliary flow guide pipe can also be arranged on the inner layer, and the main flow guide pipe is arranged on the outer layer.
The auxiliary flow guide pipe and the main flow guide pipe are of parallel structures, a fireproof door is arranged at the top of the auxiliary flow guide pipe, and the auxiliary flow guide pipe and the main flow guide pipe can rotatably cover the upper parts of the air outlet of the main flow guide pipe and the air outlet of the auxiliary flow guide pipe; the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe can be a main pipe, the middle of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe are separated by a partition plate, and the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe can also be two independent pipes.
The variable-pressure drainage guide plate is arranged around the outside of the flow guide pipe; the variable pressure drainage guide plate consists of an upper variable pressure drainage guide plate and a lower variable pressure drainage guide plate, and the upper end of the upper variable pressure drainage guide plate is inclined outwards to form a bell mouth with an upward opening; the lower extreme of vary voltage drainage guide plate upper plate links as an organic wholely with the upper end of vary voltage drainage guide plate hypoplastron, and the lower extreme of vary voltage drainage guide plate hypoplastron leans out, forms the bellmouth of opening decurrent, and the bellmouth that the opening is ascending communicates with the bellmouth of opening decurrent.
The fire-proof valve shell is arranged on the smoke exhaust air passage through the mounting plate, the air inlet interface of the main guide flow pipe and the air inlet interface of the auxiliary guide flow pipe are positioned outside the smoke exhaust air passage, and the air outlet of the main guide flow pipe, the air outlet of the auxiliary guide flow pipe, the fire-proof door and the variable-pressure drainage guide plate are positioned in the smoke exhaust air passage; a bell mouth is also formed between the variable pressure drainage guide plate and the smoke exhaust air passage.
The auxiliary guide pipe and the main guide pipe turn upwards in the smoke exhaust air passage.
The length of the variable pressure drainage guide plate upper plate and the variable pressure drainage guide plate lower plate is arbitrary, the inclination angle of the variable pressure drainage guide plate upper plate and the variable pressure drainage guide plate lower plate is also arbitrary, and the distance between the upper end of the variable pressure drainage guide plate upper plate and the lower end of the variable pressure drainage guide plate lower plate to the smoke exhaust flue is also arbitrary. For example: the upper plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is long, and the lower plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is short; the inclination angle of the upper plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is larger than that of the lower plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate, and the distance from the upper end of the upper plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate to the smoke exhaust passage is shorter than that from the lower end of the lower plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate to the smoke exhaust passage.
The arrangement mode of the air inlet interface of the main guide pipe and the air inlet interface of the auxiliary guide pipe on the fire-proof valve shell is arbitrary, the number of the air inlet interfaces of the auxiliary guide pipe is more than one, and the invention at least comprises the following three implementation modes:
1. the air inlet interfaces of the main diversion pipe and all the auxiliary diversion pipes are arranged on the front surface of the fireproof valve shell;
2. the fire-proof valve comprises a main draft tube air inlet interface and all auxiliary draft tubes air inlet interfaces, wherein one part of the main draft tube air inlet interfaces is arranged on the front surface of the fire-proof valve shell, and the other part of the main draft tube air inlet interfaces is arranged on the side surface of the fire-proof valve shell; the preferred mode is as follows: one main draft tube air inlet interface is arranged on the front surface of the fireproof valve shell, and the rest auxiliary draft tubes air inlet interfaces are arranged on the side surface of the fireproof valve shell;
3. the air inlet interfaces of the main diversion pipe and all the auxiliary diversion pipes are arranged on the side surface of the fireproof valve shell.
The arrangement mode of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe of the sleeve structure in the fire damper shell is arbitrary, and the sleeve structure at least comprises the following two implementation modes:
a: the central lines of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe are coaxially arranged to form a concentric sleeve structure; the main guide pipe can be concentrically arranged in the auxiliary guide pipe, and the auxiliary guide pipe can also be concentrically arranged in the main guide pipe;
b: the central lines of the main guide pipe and the auxiliary guide pipe are arranged in a non-coaxial manner to form an eccentric sleeve structure; the main guide pipe can be eccentrically arranged in the auxiliary guide pipe, and the auxiliary guide pipe can be eccentrically arranged in the main guide pipe.
A use method of a natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house construction uses the fire damper and comprises the following steps:
the fire-proof valve shell is arranged on the smoke exhaust passage, the air inlet interface of the main guide flow pipe is connected with the smoke exhaust ventilator, and the air inlet interface of the auxiliary guide flow pipe is connected with the exhaust fan; the number of the air inlet interfaces of the auxiliary guide pipe is more than one, and the air inlet interfaces are respectively connected with the exhaust fans of all rooms;
when the range hood is opened, smoke is discharged from the air outlet of the main guide pipe, (bernoulli principle) the smoke of the air outlet of the auxiliary guide pipe is driven by the air flow of the range hood to be discharged, the discharge amount is increased by the same electric quantity, when the next layer of households (any layers) discharge the smoke, the smoke is discharged upwards from the horn mouth formed by the variable-pressure drainage guide plate, the variable-pressure discharge generates jet flow, the smoke in the air outlet of the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet of the main guide pipe is driven to be discharged, and when the rest of the smoke is discharged upwards, the variable pressure is formed by the horn mouth between the variable-pressure drainage guide plate and the smoke exhaust;
the upper end of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is higher, so that the flue gas at the air outlets of the auxiliary guide pipe and the main guide pipe is directly discharged at a high position. (the main reason for forming the smoke and gas mixing is that when the lower layer discharges smoke, the layer is easy to mix the smoke and gas, the invention generates variable pressure jet flow to accelerate the smoke to pass through the air outlet of the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet of the main guide pipe, thus avoiding the smoke and gas mixing);
if the upper layer of households discharge the smoke, the smoke of the lower layer of households can be naturally discharged without being driven by power. When a fire disaster happens, the fire door is closed to seal the air outlets of the auxiliary flow guide pipe and the main flow guide pipe, so that the flame smoke is prevented from entering and exiting.
The invention has the following positive effects: the main draft tube is utilized to generate the function of gas extraction on the auxiliary draft tube, the variable-pressure drainage guide plate is arranged, the oil smoke of the lower-layer households generates gas extraction after passing through the variable-pressure drainage guide plate, the larger the smoke discharged by the lower-layer households is, the stronger the gas extraction effect is, natural smoke discharge and exhaust are formed, and twenty-four hours of natural ventilation can be achieved to eliminate peculiar smell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the fire door comprises a main flow pipe air inlet interface, 2. an auxiliary flow pipe air inlet interface, 3. a main flow pipe, 4. a fire-proof connecting shaft, 5. a fuse link, 6. a fire-proof valve shell, 7. an auxiliary flow pipe, 8. a pressure-variable flow guide plate upper plate, 9. a mounting screw, 10. a mounting plate, 11. a fire door, 12. a fire door sealing groove, 13. a smoke exhaust air passage, 14. a fire door counterweight, 15. a pressure-variable flow guide plate lower plate, 16. a main flow pipe air outlet, 17. an auxiliary flow guide plate air outlet and 18. a gap.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
a natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house construction comprises a main draft tube air inlet interface 1, an auxiliary draft tube air inlet interface 2, a fire damper shell 6, a variable pressure drainage guide plate, a draft tube, a fire door 11, a main draft tube air outlet 16 and an auxiliary draft tube air outlet 17; a flow guide pipe is arranged in the fireproof valve shell 6 and comprises a main flow guide pipe 3 and an auxiliary flow guide pipe 7, a main flow guide pipe air inlet interface 1 and an auxiliary flow guide pipe air inlet interface 2 are arranged on the fireproof valve shell 6 and are respectively connected with the main flow guide pipe 3 and the auxiliary flow guide pipe 7 in the fireproof valve shell 6, the height of an auxiliary flow guide pipe air outlet 17 in the fireproof valve shell 6 is different from that of a main flow guide pipe air outlet 16, a fireproof door 11 is arranged at the top of the flow guide pipe and can be rotatably covered above the main flow guide pipe air outlet; the pressure-variable drainage guide plate is arranged outside the guide pipe, a gap 18 is reserved between the pressure-variable drainage guide plate and the guide pipe, and the upper end of the pressure-variable drainage guide plate is higher than the top of the guide pipe.
The auxiliary flow guide pipe 7 and the main flow guide pipe 3 are of a sleeve structure, the height of an air outlet 17 of the auxiliary flow guide pipe is different from that of an air outlet 16 of the main flow guide pipe, the air outlet positioned on the outer layer of the sleeve structure is higher, and a fireproof door 11 is arranged at the top of the sleeve structure and can rotatably cover the upper parts of the air outlet 16 of the main flow guide pipe and the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary flow guide pipe; the auxiliary draft tube 7 can be arranged on the outer layer, the main draft tube 6 can be arranged on the inner layer, or the auxiliary draft tube 7 can be arranged on the inner layer, and the main draft tube 6 can be arranged on the outer layer.
The auxiliary guide pipe and the main guide pipe are of parallel structures, the top of the auxiliary guide pipe and the main guide pipe is provided with a fireproof door 11, and the fireproof door can be rotatably covered above an air outlet 16 of the main guide pipe and an air outlet 17 of the auxiliary guide pipe; the main flow guide pipe 3 and the auxiliary flow guide pipe 7 can be a main pipe, the middle of the main pipe and the middle of the auxiliary flow guide pipe are separated by a partition plate, and the main pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe can also be two independent pipes.
The variable-pressure drainage guide plate is arranged around the outside of the flow guide pipe; the variable pressure drainage guide plate consists of an upper variable pressure drainage guide plate 8 and a lower variable pressure drainage guide plate 15, and the upper end of the upper variable pressure drainage guide plate 8 is inclined outwards to form a bell mouth with an upward opening; the lower extreme of vary voltage drainage guide plate upper plate 8 links as an organic wholely with the upper end of vary voltage drainage guide plate hypoplastron 15, and the lower extreme of vary voltage drainage guide plate hypoplastron 15 leans out, forms the bellmouth of opening decurrent, and the bellmouth that the opening makes progress communicates with the bellmouth of opening decurrent.
The fire-proof valve shell 6 is arranged on a smoke exhaust air passage 13 through an installation plate 10, the air inlet interface 1 of the main guide flow pipe and the air inlet interface 2 of the auxiliary guide flow pipe are positioned outside the smoke exhaust air passage 13, and the air outlet 16 of the main guide flow pipe, the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary guide flow pipe, the fire-proof door 11 and the variable pressure guide flow plate are positioned in the smoke exhaust air passage 13; a bell mouth is also formed between the variable pressure drainage guide plate and the smoke exhaust air passage 13.
The secondary draft tube and the main draft tube turn upward in the flue gas exhaust passage 13.
The lengths of the variable pressure drainage guide plate upper plate 8 and the variable pressure drainage guide plate lower plate 15 are arbitrary, the inclination angles of the variable pressure drainage guide plate upper plate 8 and the variable pressure drainage guide plate lower plate 15 are also arbitrary, and the distance between the upper end of the variable pressure drainage guide plate upper plate 8 and the lower end of the variable pressure drainage guide plate lower plate 15 and the smoke exhaust air passage 13 is also arbitrary. For example: the upper plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is long, and the lower plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is short; the inclination angle of the upper plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is larger than that of the lower plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate, and the distance from the upper end of the upper plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate to the smoke exhaust passage is shorter than that from the lower end of the lower plate of the variable pressure drainage guide plate to the smoke exhaust passage.
The arrangement mode of the air inlet interface 1 of the main guide pipe and the air inlet interface 2 of the auxiliary guide pipe on the fire-proof valve shell 6 is arbitrary, the number of the air inlet interfaces 2 of the auxiliary guide pipe is more than one, and the invention at least comprises the following three implementation modes:
1. the air inlet interfaces of the main diversion pipe and all the auxiliary diversion pipes are arranged on the front surface of the fireproof valve shell;
2. the fire-proof valve comprises a main draft tube air inlet interface and all auxiliary draft tubes air inlet interfaces, wherein one part of the main draft tube air inlet interfaces is arranged on the front surface of the fire-proof valve shell, and the other part of the main draft tube air inlet interfaces is arranged on the side surface of the fire-proof valve shell; the preferred mode is as follows: one main draft tube air inlet interface is arranged on the front surface of the fireproof valve shell, and the rest auxiliary draft tubes air inlet interfaces are arranged on the side surface of the fireproof valve shell;
3. the air inlet interfaces of the main diversion pipe and all the auxiliary diversion pipes are arranged on the side surface of the fireproof valve shell.
The arrangement mode of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe of the sleeve structure in the fire damper shell is arbitrary, and the sleeve structure at least comprises the following two implementation modes:
a: the central lines of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe are coaxially arranged to form a concentric sleeve structure; the main guide pipe can be concentrically arranged in the auxiliary guide pipe, and the auxiliary guide pipe can also be concentrically arranged in the main guide pipe;
b: the central lines of the main guide pipe and the auxiliary guide pipe are arranged in a non-coaxial manner to form an eccentric sleeve structure; the main guide pipe can be eccentrically arranged in the auxiliary guide pipe, and the auxiliary guide pipe can be eccentrically arranged in the main guide pipe.
A use method of a natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house construction uses the fire damper and comprises the following steps:
the fire-proof valve shell 6 is arranged on the smoke exhaust air passage 13, the air inlet interface 1 of the main guide flow pipe is connected with a smoke exhaust ventilator, and the air inlet interface 2 of the auxiliary guide flow pipe is connected with an exhaust fan; the number of the air inlet interfaces 2 of the auxiliary guide pipe is more than one, and the air inlet interfaces are respectively connected with the exhaust fans of all rooms;
when the range hood is opened, smoke is discharged from the air outlet 16 of the main guide pipe, (bernoulli principle) the smoke of the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary guide pipe is driven by the airflow of the range hood to be discharged, the same electric quantity increases the discharge amount, when the next layer of households (any layers) discharge the smoke, the smoke is discharged upwards from the bell mouth formed by the variable-pressure drainage guide plate, the variable-pressure discharge generates jet flow, the smoke in the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet 16 of the main guide pipe is driven to be discharged, and when the rest of the smoke is discharged upwards, the variable pressure is formed by the bell mouth between the variable-pressure drainage guide plate and the smoke exhaust air passage 13, and;
the upper end of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is higher, so that the flue gas at the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary guide pipe and the flue gas at the air outlet 16 of the main guide pipe are directly discharged at a high position. (the main reason for forming the smoke and gas mixing is that when the lower layer discharges smoke, the layer is easy to mix the smoke and gas, the invention generates variable pressure jet flow to accelerate the smoke to pass through the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary draft tube and the air outlet 16 of the main draft tube, thus avoiding the smoke and gas mixing).
If the upper layer of households discharge the smoke, the smoke of the lower layer of households can be naturally discharged without being driven by power. When a fire disaster happens, the fireproof door 11 is closed, the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet 16 of the main guide pipe are closed, and the flame smoke is prevented from entering and exiting.
Prevent that fire door 11 is articulated with fire valve case 6 through fire prevention connecting axle 4, is equipped with fuse-link 5 on the fire prevention connecting axle 4, prevents being equipped with on the fire door 11 and prevents fire door counter weight 14, is equipped with on the vice honeycomb duct gas outlet 17 top and prevents fire door seal groove 12, detains when preventing fire door 11 is closed in preventing fire door seal groove 12.
In the embodiment, the fireproof valve shell 6 is arranged on the smoke exhaust passage 13 and tightened by the mounting screw 9, the smoke exhaust ventilator hose is connected to the air inlet interface 1 of the main flow guide pipe, when the smoke exhaust ventilator is opened to exhaust smoke from the air outlet 16 of the main flow guide pipe, (Bernoulli principle) utilizes the air flow of the smoke exhaust ventilator to drive the smoke of the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary flow guide pipe to exhaust, the same electric quantity increases the exhaust amount, when the smoke exhaust is exhausted upwards from the lower part of the lower plate 15 of the pressure-variable flow guide plate when lower-layer households (any layers) exhaust the smoke, a bell mouth is formed below to generate pressure-variable upwards exhaust to generate jet flow to drive the smoke in the air outlet 17 of the auxiliary flow guide pipe and the air outlet 16 of the main flow guide pipe to exhaust, when the rest smoke exhaust upwards, the pressure-variable flow guide plate and the smoke exhaust passage 13 form a bell mouth, the flue gas is directly discharged to the high position. (experience in the industry for many years: the main reason for forming the smoke and the gas mixing is that smoke and gas mixing are easy to occur when smoke is discharged from the lower layer, the variable-pressure jet flow is generated to accelerate the smoke to pass through, the smoke and the gas mixing are avoided, and the smoke of each household on the lower layer is naturally discharged without power when the smoke is discharged from the household on the upper layer). When a fire breaks out, the fuse link 5 is automatically disconnected (the temperature of the fuse link is set according to the national standard), and the fireproof door 11 is closed in the fireproof door sealing groove 12 by the fireproof door counterweight 14, so that the fire smoke is prevented from entering and exiting.
The invention has the advantages and functions that: natural ventilation performance; the main functions of the invention are: when the main guide pipe air inlet interface 1 is connected with a smoke exhaust ventilator to exhaust smoke, the smoke of the auxiliary guide pipe air inlet interface 2 is driven to exhaust smoke, because the air outlet of the main guide pipe is lower than the air outlet of the auxiliary guide pipe, the smoke of the air outlet of the main guide pipe can be driven to exhaust (the air drawing effect is generated according to Bernoulli principle), the smoke is actively exhausted, the air exhaust amount is larger than all valves in the market, and the standard requires that a kitchen is larger than 300m3H/household, toilet > 80m3The lowest possible value of the invention is more than 500m for kitchen3Per/household, toilet > 160m3The discharge amount of/h/household, the principle of passive natural exhaust gas is that when the household in the lower floor discharges the flue gas, the flue gas enters from the included angle of the lower plate of the pressure-variable drainage guide plate and becomes narrower and narrower upwards to form jet flow flue gas which is accelerated to pass through the smoke exhaust ventilator at the air inlet interface 1 of the main guide pipe to discharge, the flue gas at the air outlet of the main guide pipe is discharged from the smoke exhaust ventilator, the smoke exhaust ventilator is internally provided with a backflow-proof plate, the flue gas which is not discharged upwards at the pressure-variable drainage guide lower plate 15 is discharged from the pressure-variable drainage guide upper plate 8, because the distance between the pressure-variable drainage guide upper plate 8 and the exhaust flue 13 is smaller than that between the pressure-variable drainage guide lower plate 15, the height of the pressure-variable drainage guide upper plate 8 is higher than that of the air outlet of the, the more households on the lower floor, the larger the discharge amount is, the better the natural exhaust effect is (the problem existing in all valves on the market at present is that the lower floor discharges smoke and the upper layer is mixed with air), the air inlet connector 2 of the auxiliary guide pipe can also be connected with an exhaust fan to forcibly exhaust air (connected to any room of the households by a hose), and the smoke exhaust ventilator and the exhaust fan exhaust oil smoke at the same time. Safety; if a fire occurs, the fuse link 5 of the natural smoke (gas) discharging fire-proof valve is arranged at the first position where the upper port of the smoke outlet of the valve enters the room to close the fire source in advance, (the fuse devices of the valves in the market are all arranged in the fire-proof valve shell 6 and are equal to the situation that the fire source enters the room, and the temperature of the fire source does not reach the national standard yetThere is a certain risk that the fuse link 5 cannot be closed at the quasi-temperature). If the resident is on fire for other reasons, the auxiliary draft tube can help the resident on fire to discharge smoke by opening the smoke exhaust ventilator and the exhaust fan through other residents on the upper layer and the lower layer. Fresh air exchange: because all the houses and office places at present mainly use sealing as a main part and can not discharge indoor gas and supplement outdoor fresh air, the natural smoke (gas) discharging fire-proof valve can achieve natural ventilation for 24 hours only by installing an air inlet dust screen at the door and window. One row of air inlet and outlet, fresh air inlet and harmful gas outlet are beneficial to physical and psychological health of people.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a natural exhaust gas fire prevention valve for housing construction which characterized in that: comprises a main draft tube air inlet interface (1), an auxiliary draft tube air inlet interface (2), a fireproof valve shell (6), a variable pressure drainage guide plate, a draft tube, a fireproof door (11), a main draft tube air outlet (16) and an auxiliary draft tube air outlet (17); a guide pipe is arranged in the fireproof valve shell (6), the guide pipe comprises a main guide pipe (3) and an auxiliary guide pipe (7), a main guide pipe air inlet connector (1) and an auxiliary guide pipe air inlet connector (2) are arranged on the fireproof valve shell (6) and are respectively connected with the main guide pipe (3) and the auxiliary guide pipe (7) inside the fireproof valve shell (6), the height of an auxiliary guide pipe air outlet (17) in the fireproof valve shell (6) is different from that of a main guide pipe air outlet (16), a fireproof door (11) is arranged at the top of the guide pipe and can rotatably cover the main guide pipe air outlet (16) and the auxiliary guide pipe air outlet (17); the pressure-variable drainage guide plate is arranged outside the guide pipe, a gap (18) is reserved between the pressure-variable drainage guide plate and the guide pipe, and the upper end of the pressure-variable drainage guide plate is higher than the top of the guide pipe.
2. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary guide pipe (7) and the main guide pipe (3) are of a sleeve structure, the height of an air outlet (17) of the auxiliary guide pipe is different from that of an air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe, the air outlet positioned on the outer layer of the sleeve structure is higher, a fireproof door (11) is arranged at the top of the sleeve structure, and the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe can be rotatably covered above the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet (17) of the auxiliary.
3. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary guide pipe and the main guide pipe are of parallel structures, a fireproof door (11) is arranged at the top of the auxiliary guide pipe and can rotatably cover the upper parts of the air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe and the air outlet (17) of the auxiliary guide pipe.
4. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the variable-pressure drainage guide plate is arranged around the outside of the flow guide pipe; the variable pressure drainage guide plate consists of an upper variable pressure drainage guide plate (8) and a lower variable pressure drainage guide plate (15), and the upper end of the upper variable pressure drainage guide plate (8) is inclined outwards to form a bell mouth with an upward opening; the lower extreme of vary voltage drainage guide plate upper plate (8) links as an organic wholely with the upper end of vary voltage drainage guide plate hypoplastron (15), and the lower extreme of vary voltage drainage guide plate hypoplastron (15) leans out, forms the bellmouth of opening decurrent, and the bellmouth that the opening makes progress communicates with the bellmouth of opening decurrent.
5. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 3, wherein: the fire-proof valve shell (6) is arranged on the smoke exhaust air passage (13) through the mounting plate (10), the air inlet connector (1) of the main guide pipe and the air inlet connector (2) of the auxiliary guide pipe are positioned outside the smoke exhaust air passage (13), and the air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe, the air outlet (17) of the auxiliary guide pipe, the fire-proof door (11) and the variable pressure drainage guide plate are positioned in the smoke exhaust air passage (13); a bell mouth is also formed between the variable pressure drainage guide plate and the smoke exhaust air passage (13).
6. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the auxiliary guide pipe and the main guide pipe turn upwards in the smoke exhaust air passage (13).
7. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the number of the auxiliary draft tube air inlet connectors (2) is more than one, one main draft tube air inlet connector is arranged on the front surface of the fireproof valve shell, and the rest auxiliary draft tube air inlet connectors are arranged on the side surface of the fireproof valve shell.
8. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the central lines of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe are coaxially arranged to form a concentric sleeve structure.
9. The natural smoke exhaust fire damper for house building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the central lines of the main flow guide pipe and the auxiliary flow guide pipe are arranged in a non-coaxial mode to form an eccentric sleeve structure.
10. A method of using a natural smoke exhaust fire damper for building construction, using the fire damper defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
the fire-proof valve shell (6) is arranged on the smoke exhaust air passage (13), the air inlet interface (1) of the main guide pipe is connected with the smoke exhaust ventilator, and the air inlet interface (2) of the auxiliary guide pipe is connected with the exhaust fan; the number of the air inlet connectors (2) of the auxiliary guide pipe is more than one, and the air inlet connectors are respectively connected with the exhaust fans of all rooms;
when the range hood is opened, smoke is discharged from the air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe, the smoke of the air outlet (17) of the auxiliary guide pipe is driven to be discharged by utilizing the air flow of the main guide pipe, the discharge amount is increased by the same electric quantity, when the smoke is discharged by lower-layer households, the smoke is discharged upwards from the bell mouth formed by the variable-pressure drainage guide plate, the variable-pressure discharge generates jet flow, the smoke in the air outlet (17) of the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe is driven to be discharged, and when the rest of the smoke is discharged upwards, the variable pressure is formed by the bell mouth between the variable-pressure drainage guide plate and the smoke;
the upper end of the variable pressure drainage guide plate is higher, so that the flue gas at the air outlet (17) of the auxiliary guide pipe and the flue gas at the air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe are directly discharged at a high position;
when the upper layer of households discharge the smoke, the smoke of each household on the lower layer can be naturally discharged without being driven by power; when a fire disaster happens, the fireproof door (11) is closed, the air outlet (17) of the auxiliary guide pipe and the air outlet (16) of the main guide pipe are closed, and the flame smoke is prevented from entering and exiting.
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| CN112032386B CN112032386B (en) | 2022-03-29 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2385023Y (en) * | 1999-05-29 | 2000-06-28 | 王福丹 | Prefabricated smoke duct with variable-pressure guide plate |
| CN200963465Y (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2007-10-24 | 张琦 | Fire-proof valve specially used for kitchen toilet discharge duct |
| CN107726418A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-02-23 | 湖南工程学院 | The smoke evacuation gas method of the big suction of smoke exhaust ventilator low noise |
| CN209925699U (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-01-10 | 刘一啸 | Flue check valve |
| CN213159079U (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-05-11 | 唐山市正达建筑材料有限公司 | Natural smoke exhaust fire prevention valve for housing construction |
-
2020
- 2020-09-04 CN CN202010918918.XA patent/CN112032386B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2385023Y (en) * | 1999-05-29 | 2000-06-28 | 王福丹 | Prefabricated smoke duct with variable-pressure guide plate |
| CN200963465Y (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2007-10-24 | 张琦 | Fire-proof valve specially used for kitchen toilet discharge duct |
| CN107726418A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-02-23 | 湖南工程学院 | The smoke evacuation gas method of the big suction of smoke exhaust ventilator low noise |
| CN209925699U (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-01-10 | 刘一啸 | Flue check valve |
| CN213159079U (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-05-11 | 唐山市正达建筑材料有限公司 | Natural smoke exhaust fire prevention valve for housing construction |
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| CN112032386B (en) | 2022-03-29 |
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