CN112032377B - Quick-response pilot operated safety valve and system overpressure quick protection method - Google Patents
Quick-response pilot operated safety valve and system overpressure quick protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112032377B CN112032377B CN202010851230.4A CN202010851230A CN112032377B CN 112032377 B CN112032377 B CN 112032377B CN 202010851230 A CN202010851230 A CN 202010851230A CN 112032377 B CN112032377 B CN 112032377B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/10—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with auxiliary valve for fluid operation of the main valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/06—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with special arrangements for adjusting the opening pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
- F16K31/36—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pilot operated safety valve with quick response and a system overpressure quick protection method, wherein the pilot operated safety valve comprises a valve body, a main valve core, a pilot operated spring, a spring seat, a main spring, a lower spring group, an upper spring group, a valve cover, a pressure regulating hand wheel and a pilot operated outlet channel; the main valve core of the valve body can move in the vertical direction under the limit of the lower spring group and the upper spring group; the pilot valve core is arranged above a step protrusion of the through hole, a pilot spring, a spring seat, a main spring and a pressure regulating hand wheel are coaxially fixed at the top of the pilot valve core in sequence, and the pilot valve core and the spring seat can move up and down under the action of the pilot spring and the main spring. The invention utilizes the lower spring group, the upper spring group, the main spring and the pilot spring to form the initial pretightening force for the main valve core, the pilot valve core can automatically realize contact or separation with the main valve core according to the system pressure, the response speed is high, the invention can adapt to different system pressures, and the safety of the system is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of safety valves, and particularly relates to a pilot operated safety valve with quick response and a system overpressure quick protection method.
Background
The pilot safety valve consists of main valve and small pilot valve and is one overpressure protector. The working principle is that when the pressure of the inlet of the valve exceeds the safety value, the fluid pressure acts on the pilot valve core to push the pilot valve to open, so that the pressure at the upper end of the main valve is reduced, the main valve is automatically opened to release the pressure of the system under the action of pressure difference, and the pressure of the system is recovered to be normal.
The industrial system is developing towards the trend of large-scale and centralization, once the system has problems and is not solved in time, accidents occur to endanger the safety of operators, and the supply of social products is influenced. The pilot operated safety valve is a common device for protecting the safety of a system, and in order to timely solve the problem of endangering the safety of the system, the requirement on the opening speed of the pilot operated safety valve is higher and higher. In the prior pilot-operated safety valve, a pilot valve is arranged outside a main valve and is connected with the main valve by a guide pipe. The liquid must open the pilot valve first and just can open the main valve, and the discharge capacity of pilot valve can't guarantee that system pressure can reduce rapidly in time, often can lead to system to appear accidents such as explosion, fracture because of the pressure release speed is too slow. The existing stage of patents mainly improve the structure by surrounding the sealing structure of the pilot operated safety valve and the use of low-pressure working conditions, and the patents for improving the opening speed of the pilot operated safety valve are fewer.
Therefore, the research on how to improve the opening speed of the pilot operated safety valve is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a pilot safety valve with quick response, wherein the pilot valve core and the main valve core can automatically realize contact or separation according to the system pressure, the pilot safety valve has higher response speed, can quickly adapt to different system pressures, and can effectively improve the safety performance of the system. Furthermore, the invention also provides a system overpressure rapid protection method based on the pilot operated safety valve with rapid response.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a pilot operated safety valve with quick response comprises a valve body, a main valve core, a pilot operated spring, a spring seat, a main spring, a lower spring group, an upper spring group, a valve cover, a pressure regulating hand wheel and a pilot operated outlet channel;
the top of the valve body is detachably fixed with a valve cover, a main valve core is arranged at a flow inlet passage inside the valve body, and the bottom of the main valve core can completely seal the flow inlet passage at the position; one end of the lower spring group is fixedly connected with the bottom of the main valve core, and the other end of the lower spring group is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the valve body; one end of the upper spring group is fixedly connected with the top of the main valve core, and the other end of the upper spring group is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve cover; the positions of the lower spring group and the upper spring group correspond to each other in the vertical direction, and the main valve core can move in the vertical direction under the limit of the lower spring group and the upper spring group;
a stepped through hole which is gradually enlarged from bottom to top is formed in the main valve core along the axial direction, and the through hole is communicated with the flow inlet channel; the pilot valve core is positioned above the step bulge of the through hole and can completely close the through hole through the matching relation with the step bulge; the top of the pilot valve core is sequentially and coaxially fixed with a pilot spring, a spring seat, a main spring and a pressure regulating hand wheel, wherein the spring seat is positioned above the main valve core and can completely close the through hole through the matching relation with the upper surface of the main valve core; the pressure regulating hand wheel is positioned outside the valve body, and the initial compression amount of the main spring can be regulated through the pressure regulating hand wheel; the pilot valve core and the spring seat can move up and down under the action of the pilot spring and the main spring, and the spring seat can be driven to move up when the pilot valve core moves up;
a pilot outlet channel communicated with a main valve outlet flow channel is arranged in a valve body cavity above the main valve core, and the pilot spring, the main spring, the lower spring group and the upper spring group can be compressed in the vertical direction and are in a compressed state in an initial state; in an initial state, the bottom of the main valve core is attached to the inside of the valve body, the attachment position is sealed, the pilot valve core is matched with the step bulge to completely close the through hole, and the bottom of the spring seat is attached to the upper surface of the main valve core, and the attachment position is sealed.
Preferably, the number of the springs in the lower spring set and the upper spring set is multiple.
Furthermore, the number of the springs in the lower spring group and the upper spring group is four, and the springs in the lower spring group and the upper spring group are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main valve core at equal angles.
Further, the stiffness of the springs in the lower spring set and the stiffness of the springs in the upper spring set are the same, and the initial compression amount of the upper spring set is smaller than that of the lower spring set.
Preferably, the top of the valve body is fixedly connected with the valve cover through screws or stud bolts.
Preferably, a mounting hole is formed in the valve body at the bottom of the main valve core and used for placing the lower spring group.
Preferably, the main valve element and the valve body are sealed through sealing packing to ensure the sealing effect.
Preferably, a flange is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the valve body.
Preferably, the pilot valve core is of a valve core structure with the bottom gradually reduced, and can partially extend into a pore channel formed by the step bulge to be matched with the step bulge, so that the through hole in the main valve core is completely closed.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for quickly protecting system overpressure based on any one of the above-mentioned pilot operated safety valves, which includes the following steps:
s1: when the system pressure is in a normal range, the pilot valve core is in close contact with the main valve core under the action of the pilot spring, so that sealing is ensured; the main valve core is tightly contacted with the valve body under the action of the pretightening force of the lower spring group, the upper spring group, the main spring and the pilot spring to prevent fluid from flowing in, and the pilot type safety valve is in a closed state;
s2: when the system pressure exceeds a safety range and the rising amplitude does not exceed a rated threshold value, the fluid pushes the pilot valve core to move upwards, and meanwhile, the pilot valve core moving upwards drives the spring seat to be separated from the main valve core; the fluid flows into the inflow channel through the inlet at the lower part of the pilot safety valve, enters the through hole in the main valve core, flows into the pilot outlet channel through the gap between the spring seat and the main valve core, and finally flows out through the main valve outlet channel;
s3: on the basis of S2, when the system pressure continues to rise, the main valve core overcomes the pretightening force of the upper spring group and the gravity of the main valve core to move upwards and leave the valve body under the action of the system pressure, the pretightening force of the lower spring group and the upward pressure difference caused by the leakage flow of the pilot valve core; fluid can flow out through the main valve outlet flow passage through a gap between the main valve core and the valve body;
s4: on the basis of S2 or S3, when the system pressure does not rise any more and returns to the normal range, the pilot valve core after the flow is discharged through the pilot outlet channel moves downwards and falls back to the initial state position, the main valve core is tightly contacted with the valve body, and the pilot safety valve returns to the closed state;
s5: when the system pressure exceeds a safety range and the rising amplitude exceeds a rated threshold value, the fluid directly pushes the main valve core to move upwards, so that the main valve core leaves the valve body under the acting force of the lower spring group; fluid can flow out through the main valve outlet flow passage through a gap between the main valve core and the valve body;
s6: based on S5, when the system pressure no longer rises and returns to the normal range, the main spool will move down and fall back to the initial state position, and the pilot operated relief valve returns to the closed state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the sealing surface at the pilot valve core of the pilot-operated safety valve is far away from the main flow liquid, so that the sealing surface is less damaged by liquid scouring and can better keep a good sealing effect; the sealing structure at the opening of the main valve core is sealed by filling materials with the valve body, so that damage caused by repeated washing of liquid is avoided, meanwhile, a spring chamber is arranged on the valve body, so that leakage of fluid can be further prevented, and the sealing effect is good;
the pilot operated safety valve can select different opening modes according to different fluid pressures, improves the opening speed and ensures that the system has enough safety; the increase amplitude of the fluid pressure can be adjusted by changing the pressure-regulating hand wheel;
the pilot valve core is placed in the main valve core, the lower spring group, the upper spring group, the main spring and the pilot spring form initial pre-tightening force for the main valve core, the pilot valve core and the main valve core can automatically contact or separate according to system pressure, the response speed is high, the pilot valve core can quickly adapt to different system pressures, and the safety of the system is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the pilot operated safety valve of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a flange; 2. a valve body; 3. a lower spring set; 4. sealing and filling; 5. a main valve element; 6. a pilot valve spool; 7. a pilot spring; 8. a spring seat; 9. an upper spring set; 10. a stud bolt; 11. a valve cover; 12. a main spring; 13. a pressure regulating hand wheel; 14. a screw; 15. a pilot outlet passage.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a pilot operated safety valve with a quick response is provided, and the pilot operated safety valve includes a valve body 2, a main valve element 5, a pilot valve element 6, a pilot spring 7, a spring seat 8, a main spring 12, a lower spring group 3, an upper spring group 9, a valve cover 11, a pressure regulating handwheel 13, and a pilot outlet passage 15, and the structure of each component and the connection relationship between the components will be specifically described below.
The top of the valve body 2 is fixed with a valve cover 11, the valve body 2 is detachably connected with the valve cover 11, and flanges 1 are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the valve body 2 and the outlet end of the main valve outlet flow passage of the valve body 2. In the embodiment, the top of the valve body 2 and the bonnet 11 are fixedly connected through a screw 14 or a stud 10, and the valve body 2 and the flange 1 are fixedly connected through welding. A main valve core 5 is arranged at the position of an inflow channel inside the valve body 2, and the bottom of the main valve core 5 can completely seal the inflow channel at the position. In this embodiment, the bottom of main valve element 5 can completely cover the cross section of the inlet passage, and the junction between main valve element 5 and the inside of valve body 2 is closed, so that fluid cannot pass through. The main valve core 5 and the valve body 2 are sealed by annular sealing packing 4, so that the sealing effect is ensured, and the direct scouring damage of fluid to the sealing structure is avoided.
The lower spring group 3 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the main valve core 5, one end of the lower spring group 3 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the main valve core 5, and the other end of the lower spring group is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the valve body 2. In this embodiment, in order to guarantee better sealed effect, can set up the mounting hole on the valve body 2 of main valve core 5 bottom, the mounting hole is used for placing down spring unit 3, and lower spring unit 3 can be compressed completely and is taken in the mounting hole to make main valve core 5 bottom and valve body 2 can realize laminating contact. In addition, the mounting hole can increase the pressure when the fluid flows in, generate negative pressure difference, prevent the fluid from further flowing in and ensure the sealing effect.
The upper spring set 9 is fixedly arranged at the top of the main valve core 5, one end of the upper spring set 9 is fixedly connected with the top of the main valve core 5, and the other end of the upper spring set 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve cover 11. The positions of the lower spring set 3 and the upper spring set 9 correspond to each other in the vertical direction, and the main valve element 5 can move in the vertical direction under the limit of the lower spring set 3 and the upper spring set 9. The number of the springs in the lower spring set 3 and the upper spring set 9 is multiple, in the embodiment, the number of the springs in the lower spring set 3 and the number of the springs in the upper spring set 9 are four, and the springs in the lower spring set 3 and the upper spring set 9 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main valve core 5 at equal angles. The rigidity of the springs in the lower spring set 3 and the upper spring set 9 are the same, the initial compression amount of the upper spring set 9 is smaller than that of the lower spring set 3, and it is guaranteed that the resultant force of the main valve element 5 after the pilot valve element 6 is opened is smaller and the direction is downward, so when the system pressure reaches a certain degree, the main valve element 5 can rapidly move upwards under the acting force of the lower spring set 3, and the response speed is increased.
A step-type through hole which is gradually enlarged from bottom to top is formed in the main valve core 5 along the axial direction, and the through hole is communicated with the inflow channel. The pilot valve core 6 is positioned above the step bulge of the through hole and can completely close the through hole through the matching relation with the step bulge. In this embodiment, the pilot valve element 6 is a valve element structure with a gradually reduced bottom, and the pilot valve element 6 can partially extend into a pore channel formed by the step protrusion and cooperate with the step protrusion to completely close the through hole inside the main valve element 5. The top of pilot valve core 6 is coaxial fixed with pilot spring 7 in order, spring holder 8, main spring 12 and pressure regulating hand wheel 13, that is to say, the top fixedly connected with of pilot valve core 6 can the compressed pilot spring 7 of vertical direction, the bottom of pilot spring 7 and the top fixed connection of pilot valve core 6, the top fixedly connected with spring holder 8 of pilot spring 7, the bottom of spring holder 8 and the top fixed connection of pilot spring 7, the top fixedly connected with of spring holder 8 can the compressed main spring 12 of vertical direction, the bottom of main spring 12 and the top fixed connection of spring holder 8, the top fixedly connected with pressure regulating hand wheel 13 of main spring 12. Wherein spring seat 8 is located above main spool 5 and is capable of fully closing the through hole by a mating relationship with the upper surface of main spool 5. In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the transverse section of the spring seat 8 is larger than the size of the through hole at the position of the bottom surface of the spring seat 8, and when the spring seat 8 contacts the main valve element 5, the bottom surface of the spring seat 8 can completely cover the through hole at the position, and the joint is closed. The pressure regulating hand wheel 13 is fixedly connected with the top of the main spring 12 through a rod piece, the rod piece penetrates through the valve cover 11 and is connected with the pressure regulating hand wheel 13 positioned outside the valve body 2, and the rod piece is in threaded connection with the valve cover 11, so that the initial compression amount of the main spring 12 can be adjusted at a fixed value by rotating the pressure regulating hand wheel 13. The pilot valve core 6 and the spring seat 8 can move up and down under the action of the pilot missile spring 7 and the main spring 12, and the spring seat 8 can be driven to move up when the pilot valve core 6 moves up, so that the pressure relief function of the pilot safety valve is realized. When pilot valve core 6 moves upwards, drive spring holder 8 and main valve core 5 separation, the effort that main valve core 5 received diminishes gradually for main valve core 5 easily opens. Adjusting the pressure regulating handwheel 13 can adjust the initial compression of the spring 12, thereby changing the safe range value of the system fluid pressure.
A pilot outlet channel 15 communicated with a main valve outlet flow channel is arranged in a cavity of the valve body 2 above the main valve core 5, and the pilot spring 7, the main spring 12, the lower spring group 3 and the upper spring group 9 can be compressed in the vertical direction and are in a compressed state in an initial state, so that a sealing structure at the main valve core 5 is ensured to have enough initial pretightening force. In an initial state, the bottom of the main valve element 5 is attached to the inside of the valve body 2, the attachment position is closed, the pilot valve element 6 is matched with the step protrusion to completely close the through hole, and the bottom of the spring seat 8 is attached to the upper surface of the main valve element 5, and the attachment position is closed.
The system overpressure rapid protection method based on the pilot operated safety valve comprises the following specific steps:
s1: when the system pressure is in a normal range, the pilot valve core 6 can be in close contact with the main valve core 5 under the action of the pilot spring 7, and the sealing effect is ensured. The main valve core 5 is in close contact with the valve body 2 under the pre-tightening force of the lower spring set 3, the upper spring set 9, the main spring 12 and the pilot spring 7, so that fluid is prevented from flowing in. At the moment, the pilot operated safety valve is in a closed state, and the system can realize normal operation without the need of the pilot operated safety valve for leakage protection.
S2: when the system pressure exceeds the safety range and the rising amplitude does not exceed the rated threshold, the rated threshold means that the upward pressure of the system can only overcome the pre-tightening force of the main spring 12 and the pilot spring 7 and the gravity action of the pilot valve core 6 to move the pilot valve core 6 upwards, but can not overcome the pre-tightening force of the upper spring set 9 and the gravity action of the main valve core 5 to move the main valve core 5 upwards. In this case, the fluid pushes the pilot spool 6 to move upward, and the upward moving pilot spool 6 drives the spring seat 8 to disengage from the main spool 5. At this time, the fluid flows into the inlet passage through the inlet at the lower portion of the pilot operated relief valve, enters the through hole in the main valve element 5, flows into the pilot outlet passage 15 through the gap between the spring seat 8 and the main valve element 5, and finally flows out through the main valve outlet flow passage.
S3: based on S2, when the system pressure continues to rise, main spool 5 moves upward against the pre-tightening force of upper spring set 9 and the gravity of main spool 5 under the action of the upward pressure difference caused by the system pressure and the leakage flow of pilot spool 6, and main spool 5 leaves valve body 2 under the action of lower spring set 3. At this time, the fluid can flow out through the main valve outlet flow passage through the gap between the main valve element 5 and the valve body 2.
Depending on the magnitude of the biasing force of the main spring 12 and the pilot spring 7, there is a possibility that the pilot valve element 6 comes into contact with the main valve element 5 when the main valve element 5 moves upward, and at this time, the fluid flows out through the main valve outlet flow passage only through the gap between the main valve element 5 and the valve body 2. In addition, the pilot valve spool 6 may not be attached to the main valve spool 5, and at this time, a part of the fluid flows out from the gap between the main valve spool 5 and the valve body 2 through the main valve outlet flow passage, and another part of the fluid flows into the pilot outlet passage 15 through the gap between the spring seat 8 and the main valve spool 5 and finally flows out through the main valve outlet flow passage.
S4: based on S2 or S3, when the system pressure does not rise any more and returns to the normal range, the pilot valve element 6, which is discharged through the pilot outlet passage 15, moves downward and falls back to the initial state position, the main valve element 5 is in close contact with the valve body 2, and the pilot operated safety valve returns to the closed state.
S5: when the system pressure exceeds the safety range and the rise exceeds the rated threshold, the fluid directly pushes main spool 5 to move upward, so that main spool 5 leaves valve body 2 under the action of lower spring group 3. At this time, the fluid can flow out through the main valve outlet flow passage through the gap between the main valve element 5 and the valve body 2.
S6: when the system pressure no longer rises to return to the normal range based on S5, main spool 5 moves downward back down to the initial state position and the pilot operated relief valve returns to the closed state.
When the system pressure rises again and exceeds the safe range, the pilot operated safety valve repeats the process according to the actual state.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the valve is in a closed state, fluid enters from the inlet at the lower side and is positioned at the front end of the main valve core, the spring stiffness of the lower spring group 3 is the same as that of the upper spring group 9, the spring stiffness in the same group is also the same, but the initial compression amount of the upper spring group 9 is smaller than that of the lower spring group 3, the pretightening force of the main valve core is provided by the pilot spring 7 and the main spring 12, the pretightening force is related to the pressure when the pilot valve core 6 is opened, and the pressure regulating hand wheel 13 can be rotated to be arranged according to requirements.
The pilot valve core is placed in the main valve core, the lower spring group, the upper spring group, the main spring and the pilot spring form initial pre-tightening force for the main valve core, the pilot valve core and the main valve core can automatically contact or separate according to system pressure, the response speed is high, the pilot valve core can quickly adapt to different system pressures, and the safety of the system is effectively improved.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A system overpressure rapid protection method based on a pilot operated safety valve is characterized in that the pilot operated safety valve comprises a valve body (2), a main valve core (5), a pilot operated valve core (6), a pilot operated spring (7), a spring seat (8), a main spring (12), a lower spring group (3), an upper spring group (9), a valve cover (11), a pressure regulating hand wheel (13) and a pilot operated outlet channel (15);
a valve cover (11) is detachably fixed at the top of the valve body (2), a main valve core (5) is arranged at the position of a flow inlet channel in the valve body (2), and the bottom of the main valve core (5) can completely seal the flow inlet channel at the position; one end of the lower spring group (3) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the main valve core (5), and the other end of the lower spring group is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the valve body (2); one end of the upper spring group (9) is fixedly connected with the top of the main valve core (5), and the other end of the upper spring group is fixedly connected with the lower end of the valve cover (11); the positions of the lower spring group (3) and the upper spring group (9) are mutually corresponding in the vertical direction, and the main valve core (5) can move in the vertical direction under the limit of the lower spring group (3) and the upper spring group (9);
a step-type through hole which is gradually enlarged from bottom to top is formed in the main valve core (5) along the axial direction, and the through hole is communicated with the inflow channel; the pilot valve core (6) is positioned above the step bulge of the through hole and can completely close the through hole through the matching relation with the step bulge; the top of the pilot valve core (6) is sequentially and coaxially fixed with a pilot spring (7), a spring seat (8), a main spring (12) and a pressure regulating hand wheel (13), the spring seat (8) is positioned above the main valve core (5), and the through hole can be completely closed through the matching relation with the upper surface of the main valve core (5); the pressure regulating hand wheel (13) is positioned outside the valve body (2), and the initial compression amount of the main spring (12) can be regulated through the pressure regulating hand wheel (13); the pilot valve core (6) and the spring seat (8) can move up and down under the action of the pilot spring (7) and the main spring (12), and the spring seat (8) can be driven to move up when the pilot valve core (6) moves up;
a pilot outlet channel (15) communicated with a main valve outlet flow channel is arranged in a cavity of the valve body (2) above the main valve core (5), and the pilot spring (7), the main spring (12), the lower spring group (3) and the upper spring group (9) can be compressed in the vertical direction and are in a compressed state in an initial state; in an initial state, the bottom of the main valve core (5) is attached to the inside of the valve body (2) and the attachment part is closed, the pilot valve core (6) is matched with the step bulge to completely close the through hole, and the bottom of the spring seat (8) is attached to the upper surface of the main valve core (5) and the attachment part is closed;
the system overpressure rapid protection method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: when the system pressure is in a normal range, the pilot valve core (6) is in close contact with the main valve core (5) under the action of the pilot spring (7) to ensure sealing; the main valve core (5) is tightly contacted with the valve body (2) under the action of the pretightening force of the lower spring group (3), the upper spring group (9), the main spring (12) and the pilot spring (7) to prevent fluid from flowing in, and the pilot safety valve is in a closed state;
s2: when the system pressure exceeds a safety range and the rising amplitude does not exceed a rated threshold value, the fluid pushes the pilot valve core (6) to move upwards, and meanwhile, the pilot valve core (6) moving upwards drives the spring seat (8) to be separated from the main valve core (5); fluid flows into the inflow channel through the inlet at the lower part of the pilot safety valve, enters the through hole in the main valve core (5), flows into the pilot outlet channel (15) through the gap between the spring seat (8) and the main valve core (5), and finally flows out through the main valve outlet flow channel;
s3: on the basis of S2, when the system pressure continues to rise, the main valve element (5) overcomes the pretightening force of the upper spring group (9) and the gravity of the main valve element (5) to move upwards and leave the valve body (2) under the action of the system pressure, the pretightening force of the lower spring group (3) and the upward pressure difference caused by the leakage flow of the pilot valve element (6); fluid can flow out through the main valve outlet flow passage through a gap between the main valve core (5) and the valve body (2);
s4: on the basis of S2 or S3, when the system pressure does not rise any more and returns to the normal range, the pilot valve core (6) after being discharged through the pilot outlet channel (15) moves downwards and falls back to the initial state position, the main valve core (5) is tightly contacted with the valve body (2), and the pilot type safety valve returns to the closed state;
s5: when the system pressure exceeds a safety range and the rising amplitude exceeds a rated threshold value, the fluid directly pushes the main valve core (5) to move upwards, so that the main valve core (5) leaves the valve body (2) under the acting force of the lower spring set (3); fluid can flow out through the main valve outlet flow passage through a gap between the main valve core (5) and the valve body (2);
s6: based on S5, when the system pressure no longer rises and returns to the normal range, the main spool (5) will move downward and fall back to the initial state position, and the pilot operated relief valve returns to the closed state.
2. Method for rapid protection of systems against overpressure according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the number of springs in the lower set of springs (3) and the upper set of springs (9) is multiple.
3. The system overpressure rapid protection method according to claim 2, characterized in that the number of the springs in the lower spring set (3) and the upper spring set (9) is four, and the springs in the lower spring set (3) and the upper spring set (9) are equally and angularly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main valve spool (5).
4. The method for rapid protection of system overpressure according to claim 2, characterized in that the stiffness of the springs in the lower spring set (3) and the upper spring set (9) are the same, and the initial compression amount of the upper spring set (9) is smaller than that of the lower spring set (3).
5. The method for the rapid protection of the overpressure of the system according to the claim 1, characterized in that the top of the valve body (2) and the valve cover (11) are fixedly connected through screws (14) or stud bolts (10).
6. The method for rapid protection of system against overpressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve body (2) at the bottom of the main valve spool (5) is provided with a mounting hole for placing the lower spring set (3).
7. Method for rapid protection of the system against overpressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing between the main valve spool (5) and the valve body (2) is performed by means of a sealing packing (4) to guarantee the sealing effect.
8. The method for rapid protection of system overpressure according to claim 1, characterized in that a flange (1) is mounted and fixed on the bottom of the valve body (2).
9. The method for rapid protection of system overpressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the pilot valve core (6) is a valve core structure with a gradually reduced bottom, and can partially extend into a hole channel formed by the step protrusion to be matched with the step protrusion, so as to realize complete closing of the through hole inside the main valve core (5).
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| CN114294449B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2024-05-14 | 北京特种机械研究所 | Internal pressure relief type one-way valve |
| CN114776851B (en) * | 2022-04-17 | 2023-04-07 | 西安航空学院 | Self-closed pressure release valve for liquid storage system |
| CN115450672B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-09-13 | 太原理工大学 | Active and passive quick unloading device for stand column of hydraulic support |
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