CN112031688B - Pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate - Google Patents

Pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112031688B
CN112031688B CN202010973326.8A CN202010973326A CN112031688B CN 112031688 B CN112031688 B CN 112031688B CN 202010973326 A CN202010973326 A CN 202010973326A CN 112031688 B CN112031688 B CN 112031688B
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China
Prior art keywords
joint
starting
ball
pressure
ball valve
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN202010973326.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112031688A (en
Inventor
卢春华
赵慧斌
张涛
王荣璟
王子航
张凌
郑君
刘志超
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China University of Geosciences
Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey
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China University of Geosciences
Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/02Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being insertable into, or removable from, the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/08Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate, which comprises a lifting positioning mechanism A, a starting sealing mechanism B and a ball valve mechanism C, wherein the lifting positioning mechanism A releases a starting ball and transmits pressure to the starting sealing mechanism B and the ball valve mechanism C to form a sealed cavity; in the process of drilling the natural gas hydrate, the pressure maintaining sealing of the natural gas hydrate core is realized, and an undisturbed sample of the natural gas hydrate is provided for a land laboratory; the invention has novel structure and simple and convenient operation, and can be widely applied to the field of natural gas hydrate exploration and development; meanwhile, the core taking device has the advantages of simple structure and reliable performance, and can realize core in-situ coring operation.

Description

Pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploration and development, in particular to a pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate.
Background
Natural gas hydrates look like ice and burn on fire, so they are also called "combustible ice"; the natural gas hydrate has large reserves and wide distribution, and is a clean energy source which is scientifically accepted at home and abroad.
The natural gas hydrate must exist stably in high-pressure and low-temperature environments, and the decomposition of the natural gas hydrate can be caused if the pressure is reduced or the temperature is increased, so that the high-pressure and low-temperature environment must be maintained in the exploration process of the hydrate, which brings great challenges to the exploration and development of the natural gas hydrate. At present, core samples are mainly obtained through a drilling method in the exploration of hydrates, and meanwhile, a core tube and a hydrate core in the core tube need to be lifted to the ground surface together under a pressure state.
Because natural gas occurrence environment pressure is high, the temperature is low, if want to obtain the original state rock core sample, the pressurize is a key ring in the coring process, under the prerequisite of drilling tool intensity assurance, and the drilling tool rock core pipe realizes the pressurize and seals and becomes the technological problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pressure maintaining and coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrates comprises a lifting positioning mechanism A, a starting sealing mechanism B and a ball valve mechanism C, wherein the lifting positioning mechanism A releases a starting ball and transmits pressure to the starting sealing mechanism B and the ball valve mechanism C to form a sealed cavity.
The lifting positioning mechanism A comprises an outer pipe joint, an outer pipe assembly and an outer pipe upper joint which are sequentially connected through threads, and the lifting positioning mechanism A also comprises an end cover, an elastic clamp body, a collet joint and a bottom joint which are sequentially connected through threads; the lifting positioning mechanism A further comprises a traction shaft, an elastic clamp spring, an elastic clamp joint, an elastic clamp grabber, an elastic clamp check ring, a locking screw, a clamp holder spring, a starting ball clamper, a cylindrical bolt, a starting ball and a clamp holder support; the elastic clamp retainer rings are divided into two groups and used for limiting the elastic clamp grabber; the elastic clamp spring is arranged in the elastic clamp body and can have certain pre-tightening force on the check ring and the elastic clamp grabber; the traction shaft passes through the central channel of the elastic clamp body, and the elastic clamp grabber is in an initial state under the limiting combined action of the elastic clamp spring and the check ring; the clamper spring, the starting ball clamper and the clamper support are sequentially arranged in the other end of the elastic card body, and the starting ball is fixed at the initial position of the starting ball clamper by the cylindrical bolt and cannot fall off; the locking screw is inserted into the elastic clamping body perpendicular to the axial direction of the drilling tool, so that the traction shaft can only be lifted for a fixed distance.
The starting sealing mechanism B comprises a quick connector, a starting sealing shell, a gas quick test connector shell and a core tube outer tube which are sequentially connected through threads; the starting sealing mechanism B also comprises a starting piston, a piston rod, a suspension spring, a gas quick test joint, an O-shaped sealing ring and a core tube, wherein the starting piston is connected with the piston rod through a screw; the suspension spring is arranged on the piston rod and limited in the groove of the shell of the gas quick connector; the piston rod is connected with the gas quick connector through a spherical hinge, when the gas quick connector is installed at an initial position, an exhaust channel of the gas quick connector is communicated with a channel of a shell of the gas quick connector, and O-shaped sealing rings are uniformly distributed on two sides of the gas quick connector.
The ball valve mechanism C comprises an outer pipe lower joint and an outer drill bit which are connected through threads; the ball valve mechanism C also comprises a ball valve body and an inner drill bit which are connected through threads; the ball valve mechanism C further comprises a core outer tube joint, a ball valve connecting rod, a connecting rod joint, a ball valve positioning rod, a working ball and a seat ring, wherein the ball valve connecting rod, the connecting rod joint and the ball valve positioning rod form a connecting rod mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the working ball through a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the core outer tube joint through a pin; the seat rings are arranged in the ball valve body and are symmetrically arranged on two end faces of the working ball.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the quick gas test joint is provided with a pressure relief cone valve hole and a pressure measuring cone valve hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the process of drilling the natural gas hydrate, the pressure maintaining sealing of the natural gas hydrate core is realized, and an undisturbed sample of the natural gas hydrate is provided for a land laboratory; the invention has novel structure and simple and convenient operation, and can be widely applied to the field of natural gas hydrate exploration and development; meanwhile, the core taking device has the advantages of simple structure and reliable performance, and can realize core in-situ coring operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at C in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure tap valve of the present invention flipped 90 deg..
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the ball valve mechanism of the present invention flipped 90 deg..
In the figure: a-a lift positioning mechanism; b-starting the sealing mechanism; a C-ball valve mechanism; d-turning the pressure measuring cone valve to a 90-degree section view; e-the ball valve mechanism is turned over by 90 degrees of section view; 1-outer pipe joint, 2-traction shaft, 3-end cover, 4-elastic clamp spring, 5-outer pipe assembly, 6-elastic clamp joint, 7-elastic clamp grabber, 8-elastic clamp retainer ring, 9-locking screw, 10-elastic clamp body, 11-collet joint, 12-clamp spring, 13-starting ball clamp, 14-cylindrical bolt, 15-starting ball, 16-clamp support, 17-bottom joint, 18-outer pipe upper joint, 19-quick joint, 20-starting sealing shell, 21-starting piston, 22-piston rod, 23-suspension spring, 24-gas quick testing joint shell, 25-gas quick testing joint, 26-pressure release valve, 27-O type sealing ring, 28-core pipe outer pipe, 28-elastic clamp joint, 5-outer pipe assembly, 6-elastic clamp joint, 7-elastic clamp grabber, 8-elastic clamp retainer ring, 9-locking screw, 10-elastic clamp body, 11-collet joint, 12-clamp spring, 13-starting ball clamp, 14-cylindrical bolt, 15-starting ball, 16-clamp support, 17-bottom joint, 18-outer pipe upper joint, 19-quick testing joint, 20-starting sealing shell, 21-starting piston, 22-piston rod, 23-suspension spring, 24-gas quick testing joint, 25-gas quick testing joint, 26-pressure release valve, 27-O type sealing ring, 28-core pipe outer pipe, and rock core pipe, 29-core tube, 30-outer tube lower joint, 31-outer bit, 32-inner bit, 33-vertical cone valve, 34-pressure measuring cone valve, 35-core outer tube joint, 36-seat ring, 37-ball valve connecting rod, 38-connecting rod joint, 39-ball valve body, 40-working ball and 41-ball valve positioning rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrates comprises a lifting positioning mechanism a, a starting sealing mechanism B and a ball valve mechanism C, wherein when in operation, the lifting positioning mechanism a releases a starting ball 15, and transmits pressure to the starting sealing mechanism B and the ball valve mechanism C to form a sealed cavity.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the lifting positioning mechanism a comprises an outer pipe joint 1, an outer pipe assembly 5 and an outer pipe upper joint 18 which are sequentially connected through threads, and the lifting positioning mechanism a further comprises an end cover 3, an elastic clamping body 10, a collet joint 11 and a bottom joint 17 which are sequentially connected through threads; the lifting positioning mechanism A further comprises a traction shaft 2, an elastic clamp spring 4, an elastic clamp joint 6, an elastic clamp grabber 7, an elastic clamp retainer ring 8, a locking screw 9, a clamp spring 12, a starting ball clamp 13, a cylindrical bolt 14, a starting ball 15 and a clamp support 16; the elastic clamp retainer rings 8 are divided into two groups and used for limiting the elastic clamp grabber 7; the elastic clamp spring 4 is arranged in the elastic clamp body 10 and can have certain pretightening force on the check ring 8 and the elastic clamp grabber 7; the traction shaft 2 passes through the central channel of the elastic clamp body 10, and under the limiting combined action of the elastic clamp spring 4 and the check ring 8, the elastic clamp grabber 7 is in an initial state; a holder spring 12, a starting ball holder 13 and a holder support 16 are sequentially arranged in the other end of the elastic clamping body 10, and a starting ball 15 is fixed at the initial position of the starting ball holder 12 by a cylindrical bolt 14 and cannot fall off; the locking screw 9 is inserted into the elastic clamping body 10 perpendicular to the axial direction of the drilling tool, so that the traction shaft 2 can only be lifted for a fixed distance.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the starting sealing mechanism B comprises a quick coupling 19, a starting sealing shell 20, a gas quick test coupling shell 24 and a core barrel outer tube 28 which are connected in sequence through threads; the starting sealing mechanism B further comprises a starting piston 21, a piston rod 22, a suspension spring 23, a gas quick test joint 25, an O-shaped sealing ring 27 and a core tube 29, wherein the starting piston 21 and the piston rod 22 are connected through screws; the suspension spring 23 is arranged on the piston rod 22 and limited in a groove of the gas quick-acting joint shell 24; the piston rod 22 is connected with the gas quick connector 25 through a spherical hinge, when the gas quick connector is installed at an initial position, an exhaust channel of the gas quick connector 25 is communicated with a channel of the gas quick connector shell 24, and O-shaped sealing rings 27 are uniformly distributed on two sides of the gas quick connector.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the ball valve mechanism C comprises an outer pipe lower joint 30 and an outer drill bit 31 which are connected through threads; the ball valve mechanism C also comprises a ball valve body 39 and an inner drill bit 32 which are connected through threads; the ball valve mechanism C further comprises a core outer tube joint 35, a ball valve connecting rod 37, a connecting rod joint 38, a ball valve positioning rod 41, a working ball 40 and a seat ring 36, wherein the ball valve connecting rod 37, the connecting rod joint 38 and the ball valve positioning rod 41 form a connecting rod mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the working ball 40 through a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the core outer tube joint 35 through a pin; the seat rings 36 are placed in the ball valve body 39 and symmetrically arranged on two end faces of the working ball 40.
The working process of the device is as follows:
when the device works, firstly, all the parts of the lifting positioning mechanism A, the starting sealing mechanism B and the ball valve mechanism C are assembled on the ground in sequence according to the figure 1, the outer pipe assembly is arranged at the bottom of a hole through a rope coring drill rod (not shown in the figure), flushing fluid reaches a coring drill along the inner cavity of the drill rod and then enters an annular gap between the middle pipe assembly and the inner pipe assembly of the coring drill through a bottom joint 17 and a water port of a starting piston 21 to reach the bottom of the hole, meanwhile, the drilling machine drives the pressure maintaining coring drill to rotate through the drill rod, a rock core enters the core pipe 29, gas and circulating liquid in the core pipe 29 can be discharged through an exhaust passage formed by the gas quick test joint 25 and the gas quick test joint shell 24, and sampling operation can be carried out after the core pipe 29 is filled with the rock core.
The sampling process was as follows: the surface drilling machine and the water pump are closed, a fisher (not shown in the figure) is lowered, the fisher hooks the fishing spear head at the upper part of the traction shaft 2 and then is slightly lifted upwards, at the moment, the starting ball 15 falls from the starting ball clamp 13, falls to the starting piston 21 and blocks the central passage, the surface water pump is opened, when the flushing liquid reaches the inside of the starting piston 21, since the central passage is blocked by the trigger ball 15, the pressure of the liquid column formed by the flushing liquid is constantly raised, and the pressure is transmitted to the trigger ball 15, when the pressure rises to a certain value, the starting ball 15 drives the starting piston 21, the piston rod 22, the gas quick test connector shell 24, the core tube 29 and the ball valve mechanism C to move downwards together, wherein, the link mechanism composed of the ball valve link 37, the link joint 38 and the ball valve positioning rod 41 rotates 90 degrees, and drives the working ball 40 to rotate 90 degrees to a closed state to form the lower seal of the core drill.
O-shaped sealing rings 27 are arranged on two sides of an exhaust channel formed by the gas quick test connector 25 and the gas quick test connector shell 24, in the process that the starting ball 15 drives the starting piston 21, the piston rod 22, the gas quick test connector shell 24, the core barrel 29 and the ball valve mechanism C to move downwards together, the exhaust channel formed by the gas quick test connector 25 and the gas quick test connector shell 24 is displaced relatively, and the gas quick test connector shell 24 and the O-shaped sealing rings 27 are matched to form the upper sealing of the core drill.
At this moment, a sealed cavity is formed by an upper seal and a lower seal in the core drilling tool, the pressure of a core sample in the sealed cavity is kept unchanged, the pressure is equal to the liquid column pressure of a hole bottom flushing liquid, and finally the core drilling tool except the outer pipe assembly is lifted to the ground surface through a fisher to complete pressure maintaining and sampling operation.
Example 2:
specifically, on the basis of embodiment 1, the gas quick test connector 25 is provided with a pressure relief cone valve hole 26 and a pressure measuring cone valve hole 34.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a be used for natural gas hydrate pressurize coring drilling tool, characterized in that, including promoting positioning mechanism A, start sealing mechanism B and ball valve mechanism C, promote positioning mechanism A release and start ball (15), transmit pressure to start sealing mechanism B and ball valve mechanism C, form a sealed cavity, the coring drilling tool is inside to form a sealed cavity by upper seal and lower seal, the rock core sample pressure that is in this sealed cavity keeps unchangeable, pressure equals the liquid column pressure of hole bottom flush fluid, carries out the coring drilling tool except that outer tube assembly to the earth's surface through the fisher at last, accomplishes pressurize sample operation, promote positioning mechanism A including outer tube joint (1), outer tube assembly (5) and outer tube upper portion joint (18) that loop through threaded connection, promote positioning mechanism A still include end cover (3) that loop through threaded connection, outer tube assembly (18) loop through threaded connection, The elastic clamping device comprises an elastic clamping body (10), a collet joint (11) and a bottom joint (17); the lifting positioning mechanism A further comprises a traction shaft (2), an elastic clamp spring (4), an elastic clamp joint (6), an elastic clamp grabber (7), elastic clamp retainer rings (8), locking screws (9), a holder spring (12), a starting ball holder (13), a cylindrical plug pin (14), a starting ball (15) and a holder support (16), wherein the number of the elastic clamp retainer rings (8) is two; the elastic clip spring (4) is arranged in the elastic clip body (10); the traction shaft (2) passes through a central channel of the elastic clamping body (10), and under the limiting combined action of an elastic clamping spring (4) and an elastic clamping check ring (8), the elastic clamping grabber (7) is in an initial state; a holder spring (12), a starting ball holder (13) and a holder support (16) are sequentially arranged in the other end of the elastic clamp body (10), and a starting ball (15) is fixed at the initial position of the starting ball holder (13) by a cylindrical bolt (14) and cannot fall off; the locking screw (9) is inserted into the elastic clamping body (10) perpendicular to the axial direction of the drilling tool.
2. A pressure-maintaining core drilling tool for natural gas hydrates according to claim 1, characterized in that the starting sealing mechanism B comprises a quick connector (19), a starting sealing shell (20), a gas quick test connector shell (24) and a core barrel outer pipe (28) which are connected in turn by screw threads; the starting sealing mechanism B further comprises a starting piston (21), a piston rod (22), a suspension spring (23), a gas quick test joint (25), an O-shaped sealing ring (27) and a core tube (29).
3. A pressure holding core drill for natural gas hydrates according to claim 2, characterized in that the starting piston (21) and the piston rod (22) are connected by screws; the suspension spring (23) is arranged on the piston rod (22) and limited in a groove of the gas quick test connector shell (24); the piston rod (22) is connected with the gas quick test connector (25) through a spherical hinge, when the piston rod is installed at an initial position, an exhaust channel of the gas quick test connector (25) is communicated with a channel of the gas quick test connector shell (24), and O-shaped sealing rings (27) are uniformly distributed on two sides of the piston rod.
4. A pressure holding core drill for natural gas hydrate according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball valve mechanism C comprises an outer pipe lower joint (30) and an outer drill bit (31) which are connected by screw thread; the ball valve mechanism C also comprises a ball valve body (39) and an inner drill bit (32) which are connected through threads; the ball valve mechanism C further comprises a rock core outer pipe joint (35), a ball valve connecting rod (37), a connecting rod joint (38), a ball valve positioning rod (41), a working ball (40) and a seat ring (36).
5. A pressure-maintaining and coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate as claimed in claim 4, wherein the ball valve connecting rod (37), the connecting rod joint (38) and the ball valve positioning rod (41) form a connecting rod mechanism, one end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the working ball (40) through a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod mechanism is connected with the outer pipe joint (35) of the core through a pin; the seat rings (36) are arranged in the ball valve body (39) and are symmetrically arranged on two end faces of the working ball (40).
6. A pressure holding coring drill for natural gas hydrates according to claim 3, wherein the gas quick test connector (25) has a pressure relief cone valve hole (26) and a pressure measurement cone valve hole (34).
CN202010973326.8A 2020-09-16 2020-09-16 Pressure-maintaining coring drilling tool for natural gas hydrate Expired - Fee Related CN112031688B (en)

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CN112627755B (en) * 2020-12-25 2024-05-07 吉林大学 Lifting drill type large-diameter well bottom in-situ pressure maintaining coring drilling tool
CN113565459B (en) * 2021-07-29 2023-07-28 广东石油化工学院 Device for transferring and preserving natural gas hydrate core
CN114991767B (en) * 2022-07-01 2023-09-05 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 Deep typical weak source gas drilling continuous in-situ sampling device and sampling method

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