CN112028752A - Synthetic method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone - Google Patents
Synthetic method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of chemical pharmacy, in particular to a synthetic method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, 1,3, 5-trichlorobenzene or 3, 5-dichloro-1-bromobenzene is firstly reacted with magnesium to form a Grignard reagent, the Grignard reagent is subjected to nucleophilic addition reaction on a trifluoroacetyl reagent, and the 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone is obtained after acid treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of chemical pharmacy, in particular to a synthetic method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone.
Background
3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone is an important intermediate for synthesizing pesticide and veterinary medicine. The synthesis method and the industrial production method have important significance.
The Chinese patent with patent publication number CN107353189A and publication number 2017, 11/17 discloses a synthesis method for preparing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone by 3, 5-dichloro bromobenzene, and the principle is that bromine atoms on the 3, 5-dichloro bromobenzene are extracted out by strong alkali and then react with an organic fluorine reagent, so that the bromine atoms are replaced by trifluoroacetyl groups.
The reaction needs strong alkali and cryogenic cooling at-78 to-70 ℃, so that the energy consumption requirement is high, the raw materials are flammable and explosive, and the requirement on industrial equipment is extremely high, so that the industrial production cost is high, the economic effect is poor, and the method is not suitable for industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide a method for synthesizing 3, 5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which has low production cost and good economic effect and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
The above object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions: a method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone comprises the following steps:
s1, reacting the compound I with magnesium to obtain a Grignard reagent of the compound I;
wherein R is1Is selected from the group consisting of Cl or Br,
s2, reacting the Grignard reagent of the compound I obtained in the step S1 with a compound II, and performing acid treatment to obtain 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone;
wherein R2 is selected from Na+、Zn2+、Mg2+、Cu2+、Li+、K+、Ca2+、Ni2+And n is R2The number of positive charges; r3Selected from Cl, Br, F, dimethylamino, diethylamino and piperidinylMorpholinyl or tetrahydropyrrole.
3, 5-dichlorobromobenzene or 1,3, 5-trichlorobenzene is used as a raw material, the two raw materials are cheap and easily available chemical raw materials, and can be obtained by direct purchase, the price is low, and the production cost is reduced. The raw materials are reacted with magnesium to obtain the Grignard reagent, and then the Grignard reagent is condensed with the trifluoromethyl reagent, so that the Grignard reagent reaction or the subsequent carbanion nucleophilic addition reaction can be carried out under mild conditions without a special temperature and pressure range, the reaction conditions are easy to achieve, and the production cost is reduced. In addition, in the reaction process, the generated impurities are mainly inorganic salts or organic salts, and after acidification, the impurities have good solubility in water and poor solubility in an organic phase, so that the impurities can be removed by simple extraction, the production separation process is simplified, the production cost is reduced, and the method has good economic effect and is suitable for industrial large-scale production.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s1-1, dispersing metal magnesium in a solvent I, and uniformly mixing at room temperature to obtain a mixed system I;
s1-2, weighing a compound I of substances such as metal magnesium and the like, dissolving the compound I in a solvent I, and preparing a mixed system II;
s1-3, keeping the temperature of the mixed system I at 0-100 ℃, adding an initiator into the mixed system I, then keeping the temperature, slowly dropwise adding the mixed system II, cooling to below 15 ℃ after complete dropwise addition and full reaction to obtain a mixed system III containing the Grignard reagent of the compound I;
wherein, the solvent I is one of tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene, pentane, hexane and heptane, or a homogeneous system formed by any of the tetrahydrofuran, the methyl tert-butyl ether, the petroleum ether, the benzene, the toluene, the pentane, the hexane and the heptane; the weight of the solvent is 3-20 times of that of the compound I.
In step S1, magnesium and solvent I are mixed into a mixed system I, and then the mixed system ii in which the compound I is dissolved is added dropwise to the mixed system I, which helps to reduce the intensity of the reaction, so that the system is not likely to be heated too fast due to the intensity of the reaction, and the temperature control effect of the whole system is facilitated. In addition, when the solvent is any one or combination of any several of tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene, pentane, hexane and heptane, the reaction can be completed in a wider temperature range, and the whole reaction does not need to reach a cryogenic condition of-78 ℃ or a high-temperature condition of more than 100 ℃, so that the production cost is further reduced.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the solvent I is tetrahydrofuran, and the weight of the solvent I is 3-5 times of that of the compound I.
Tetrahydrofuran has certain polarity, and when the compound I is prepared into the Grignard reagent of the compound I, the Grignard reagent of the compound I can be well dissolved, so that the reaction rate is further improved, the dosage of a solvent is reduced, and further the production cost is favorably reduced.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: in step S1-3, the reaction temperature is 20-60 ℃.
The reaction temperature is controlled within the range of 20-60 ℃, the wide reaction temperature range can be kept, the temperature control is not required to be fine, and the reaction condition is convenient to control. Secondly, under the temperature condition, the reaction can occur relatively quickly, and the compound I and the metal magnesium are not easy to react too violently to cause local overheating, thereby reducing the occurrence of side reactions. In addition, the temperature is controlled to be close to room temperature, in the actual production process, the reaction temperature can be naturally controlled within the range by reacting at room temperature and controlling the intensity of the reaction by adjusting the dropping rate of the second mixed system into the first mixed system, and the reaction rate is increased after the temperature is increased due to the reaction heat release, so that the reaction system does not need to be cooled intentionally, and the complexity of the reaction process is further reduced.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: step S2 is specifically as follows:
s2-1, uniformly and slowly adding the compound II into the mixed system III obtained in the S1-3 at the temperature of-20-30 ℃, fully reacting to obtain a mixed system IV,
s2-2, adding an acid I into the mixed system IV to acidify the mixed system IV, and further treating the mixed system IV to remove the solvent I to obtain 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone;
wherein, the acid I is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid.
In the above technical scheme, the mixed system iii prepared in step S1 can be directly subjected to the next reaction without separation, thereby simplifying the production process and further reducing the production cost. In step S2-1, the reaction is controlled to be performed at a lower temperature, so that the occurrence of side reactions can be reduced, thereby improving the purity of the target product. In addition, since the grignard reagent of the compound I obtained in the step S1 is stable and the compound ii is also stable in the step S2, the reaction can be completed at room temperature without being carried out at-78 ℃, which contributes to further reduction of production cost and has a good economic effect in mass production and application.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the acid I is hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5-10%.
The system is acidified by using dilute hydrochloric acid, so that the rapid quenching process of the reaction can be realized, and the occurrence of side reactions is further reduced. Meanwhile, the sodium chloride generated after the hydrochloric acid reaction is adopted is easier to carry out post-treatment, and the post-treatment cost is saved. In addition, the hydrochloric acid has low price, and the hydrochloric acid with low concentration is not easy to corrode the reaction kettle, so that the cost consumption in the production process is further reduced, and the economic effect is improved.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: in step S2-1, the temperature is 10-30 ℃.
The reaction temperature is controlled to be 10-30 ℃, on one hand, the relatively high reaction temperature is beneficial to accelerating the reaction progress and improving the yield of the final product. On the other hand, the temperature is close to the room temperature, the control is convenient, the energy consumption is reduced, the production cost is further reduced, and the economic effect is improved.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: in step S2, compound ii is selected from trifluoroacetyldimethylamine, trifluoroacetyldiethylamine or trifluoroacetylpiperidine.
In the technical scheme, a trifluoroacetamide substance is used as a trifluoromethylation reagent, and a target product is obtained through an addition reaction of a Grignard reagent and a carbon-oxygen double bond. First, the raw materials for the above reaction are all oil-soluble, and they are well soluble in the organic phase, contributing to the rapid progress of the reaction. And secondly, compared with trifluoroacetyl halide, the material is less corrosive and is not easy to rust equipment. In addition, after the materials are subjected to addition reaction with the Grignard reagent, the obtained product is organic amine, and is not easy to separate out in a solid form in an organic phase in a reaction system, so that the impurity removal cost in the production process is further reduced. The steps are all beneficial to reducing the production cost, the economic effect of the process is further improved, and the method has a better application prospect in the process of expanding production.
The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: in step S2, the amount of the substance added to the compound II is 1.05 to 12.2 times the amount of the substance added to the compound I.
In the technical scheme, the compound II is added in a slight excess amount, so that the Grignard reagent prepared from the compound I and the compound II can fully react, and the residue of the Grignard reagent in the system can be reduced, so that when the acid I is added to quench the system, the phenomena of instability, bumping and the like of the reaction system caused by violent reaction of the acid I and the Grignard reagent are not easy to occur, and the safety of a subsequent treatment process is improved.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below.
Example 1
A synthesis method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone is prepared from a compound I as a raw material by the following steps:
s1, reacting the compound I with magnesium to obtain a Grignard reagent of the compound I;
s2, reacting the Grignard reagent of the compound I obtained in the step S1 with a compound II, and then carrying out acid treatment to obtain the 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone.
In the above reaction, compound I is 1,3, 5-trichlorobenzene and compound II is trifluoroacetyldimethylamine.
Step S1 is specifically as follows:
s1-1, weighing 7.2g of magnesium chips (0.3mol), adding into a reaction bottle, adding 60mL of tetrahydrofuran (solvent I), and stirring uniformly at room temperature to obtain a mixed system I;
s1-2, weighing 34.4g of 1,3, 5-trichlorobenzene, dissolving the trichlorobenzene in 90mL of tetrahydrofuran (solvent I) to obtain a mixed system II, and placing the mixed system II in a separating funnel for later use;
s1-3, heating the mixed system I in the reaction bottle to 40 ℃, adding 1mL of 1, 2-dibromoethane as an initiator, uniformly dropwise adding the mixed system II into the mixed system I within 60min, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃ after dropwise adding is completed, and continuing to react for 2h to obtain a mixed system III containing 1, 3-dichlorobenzene-5-magnesium chloride.
Step S2 is specifically as follows:
s2-1, cooling the mixed system III obtained in the step S1-3 to 20 ℃, uniformly dropwise adding 46.6g of trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (0.33mol) into the mixed system within 20min, and continuously stirring for 1h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain a mixed system IV;
s2-2, adding 100mL of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% into the mixed system IV, preserving heat, standing, separating liquid, evaporating tetrahydrofuran in an organic phase, and further rectifying a product to obtain a clear and transparent liquid, namely the 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone. Specific data of nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum: 1HNMR (400MHz, CDC13):7.95(s,2H),5.23(bs, 2H).
Example 2
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that compound ii was substituted with trifluoroacetyldiethylamine (55.8g) in an equivalent amount in step S2 instead of trifluoroacetyldimethylamine.
Example 3
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that compound ii was substituted with an equivalent amount of trifluoroacetylpiperidine (52.3g) for trifluoroacetyldimethylamine in step S2.
Example 4
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that compound ii was substituted with trifluoroacetyl chloride (48.8g) in an equivalent amount for trifluoroacetyl dimethylamine in step S2.
Example 5
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that compound ii was substituted with trifluoroacetyldimethylamine with an equivalent amount of trifluoroacetyl bromide (58.41g) in step S2.
Example 6
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was distinguished from example 1 in that, in step S2, compound II was replaced with an equivalent amount of sodium trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (50.2g), which was dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran and added dropwise to the system uniformly over 20 min.
Example 7
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was distinguished from example 1 in that, in step S2, compound II was substituted for trifluoroacetyldimethylamine with calcium trifluoroacetate (49.2g) added in an amount of 0.17mol, and calcium trifluoroacetate was first dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran and was added dropwise to the system uniformly over 20 min.
Example 8
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that compound ii was substituted with trifluoroacetylmorpholine (60.4g) in an equivalent amount for trifluoroacetyldimethylamine in step S2.
For examples 1-8, the yields of the two-step reaction and the final yields and purities are shown in Table 1.
From the above experimental data, it can be seen that, by using the preparation methods of embodiments 1 to 6, different trifluoroacetyl compounds are replaced to participate in the reaction as the compound ii, and 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone can be obtained at a yield of more than 60%, wherein, when trifluoroacetyldimethylamine is used, the yield is the highest, the purity after purification is also better, and the preparation methods are suitable for industrial production. The production with trifluoroacetyl morpholine gives similar yields to trifluoroacetyl piperidine but tends to leave material during purification and therefore the final product is less pure.
Examples 4-5 selected trifluoroacetyl chloride and trifluoroacetyl bromide, three acetyl bromides were more reactive than trifluoroacetyl chloride, but their price was more expensive, and thus each had advantages. But the adopted trifluoroacetyl halide has stronger corrosivity and stronger corrosion to equipment, the production cost is increased from another angle, and the yield of the trifluoroacetyl halide has no obvious advantage compared with trifluoroacetamide compounds. Examples 6-7, which were performed using trifluoroacetate, had no significant advantages in final yield and purity over the use of trifluoroacetamide.
Example 9
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that solvent I is replaced with equal mass of toluene for tetrahydrofuran in step S1.
Example 10
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 9 in that toluene was added in an amount of 350mL in step S1-1 and in an amount of 750mL in step S1-2.
Example 11
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that solvent I is replaced with equal mass of petroleum ether for tetrahydrofuran in step S1.
Example 12
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 11 in that petroleum ether was added in an amount of 200mL in step S1-1 and in an amount of 300mL in step S1-2.
Example 13
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from that of example 1, in that in step S1, solvent I is selected from a mixed solvent formed by mixing hexane and heptane in a volume ratio of 1: 1.
Example 14
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that tetrahydrofuran was added in an amount of 80mL in step S1-1 and in an amount of 100mL in step S1-2.
Example 15
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that tetrahydrofuran was added in an amount of 200mL in step S1-1 and in an amount of 300mL in step S1-2.
Example 16
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that tetrahydrofuran was added in an amount of 30L in step S1-1 and in an amount of 50mL in step S1-2.
Examples 9-16 the selection of solvent I in step S1 was adjusted and the yield and purity are shown in Table 2.
From the above data, it can be seen that tetrahydrofuran has a polarity corresponding to that of non-polar solvents such as toluene and petroleum ether, and has a better promoting effect on both yield and purity of the reaction. In addition, either too large or too small a volume of tetrahydrofuran results in a decrease in the yield of the reaction.
Example 17
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that the temperature of the reaction of the mixed system I and the mixed system ii in the reaction flask is 20 ℃ in step S1-3.
Example 18
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that the temperature of the reaction of the mixed system I and the mixed system ii in the reaction flask is 60 ℃ in step S1-3.
Example 19
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that the temperature of the reaction of the mixed system I and the mixed system ii in the reaction flask is 0 ℃ in step S1-3.
Example 20
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that the temperature of the reaction of the mixed system I and the mixed system ii in the reaction flask is 100 ℃ in step S1-3.
Example 21
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that, in step S2-1, the reaction temperature is 10 ℃.
Example 22
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that, in step S2-1, the reaction temperature is 30 ℃.
Example 23
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that, in step S2-1, the reaction temperature is-20 ℃.
Example 24
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that, in step S2-1, the reaction temperature is 0 ℃.
Examples 17 to 24 were carried out by adjusting the reaction temperature in step S1 and step S2 in step S1, and the yields and purities thereof were as shown in Table 3.
From the above data, in step S1, the optimal reaction temperature is 40 ℃, and the reaction temperature is 20 to 60 ℃, which has better reactivity, and the above temperature is easier to reach, belongs to a milder condition, and is suitable for industrial production. When the temperature is lower than 20 ℃, the reaction rate becomes slow, resulting in a slight decrease in yield. When the temperature is higher than 60 ℃, the grignard reagent is caused to generate a side reaction, and the yield and the purity are reduced, in step S2, the optimal reaction temperature is 20 ℃, and the reactivity is better within the range of 10-30 ℃. Generally, the reaction is difficult to proceed at a temperature exceeding 30 ℃ and the reaction rate becomes slow at a temperature below 10 ℃ to result in a decrease in yield. And the control cost at 20 ℃ is lower, and the production cost is also reduced.
Example 25
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which is different from the method in example 1 in that in step S2, hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 10% is selected as acid I.
Example 26
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 25 in that acid I is added in a volume of 50mL in step S2.
Example 27
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which is different from the method in example 1 in that in step S2, the acid I is sulfuric acid with a mass fraction of 10%.
Example 28
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which is different from that in example 1, in step S2, the acid I is phosphoric acid with a mass fraction of 15%.
Example 29
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which is different from the method in example 1 in that in step S2, hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% is selected as acid I.
Example 30
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which is different from that in example 1, in step S2, hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% is selected as acid I, and the addition volume of the acid I is 15 mL.
Example 31
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from example 1 in that in step S2, acid I is phosphoric acid in an amount of 15g and is added in solid form.
Examples 25-31 the selection of acid I in step S2 was adjusted and the yield and purity are shown in Table 4.
According to the data, the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5-10% has better reaction property compared with other acids as the acid I. And the adding amount of the acid I is excessive substantially, so that the adding volume of the slightly excessive acid I is not required to be accurately metered in the adding process, and only the pH is required to be adjusted in the wastewater treatment process, so that the control cost and the production cost of the reaction are further reduced. The use of both sulfuric and phosphoric acids reduces the yield of the reaction, probably due to the insufficient acidification capacity of sulfuric and phosphoric acids in the organic phase, as compared to hydrochloric acid. In addition, when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is too high, a series of side reactions also occur in the acidification process, and the yield and purity of the reaction are reduced.
Example 32
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (compound ii) was added in an amount of 0.315mol (44.4g) in step S2.
Example 33
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was distinguished from example 1 in that trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (compound II) was added in an amount of 0.366mol (51.6g) in step S2.
Example 34
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from that of example 1 in that trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (compound ii) was added in an amount of 0.3mol (42.3g) in step S2.
Example 35
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 1 in that trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (compound ii) was added in an amount of 0.4mol (56.4g) in step S2.
Examples 32 to 35, wherein the ratio of compound II to compound I in step S2 was adjusted, the yields and purities thereof are shown in Table 5.
According to the experiments, in the actual production process, the yield of the final product can be improved by slightly excessive compound II compared with compound I, but when the amount of the compound II is 1.22 times larger than that of the compound I, the effect of continuously increasing the amount of the compound II does not obviously influence the yield, but influences the subsequent impurity removal effect and the purity of the finally obtained 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone.
Example 36
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone, which is different from that in example 1, in step S1, 1, 3-dichloro-5-bromobenzene (67.7g) is used as compound I in an equivalent amount.
Example 37
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 36 in that compound ii was substituted with trifluoroacetyldiethylamine (55.8g) in an equivalent amount in step S2 in place of trifluoroacetyldimethylamine.
Example 38
A synthesis method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from that of example 36 in that compound ii was substituted with an equivalent amount of trifluoroacetylpiperidine (52.3g) for trifluoroacetyldimethylamine in step S2.
Example 39
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 36 in that compound ii was substituted with trifluoroacetyl chloride (48.8g) in an equivalent amount for trifluoroacetyl dimethylamine in step S2.
Example 40
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 36 in that compound ii was substituted with trifluoroacetyldimethylamine with an equivalent amount of trifluoroacetyl bromide (58.41g) in step S2.
EXAMPLE 41
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from that of example 36 in that, in step S2, compound ii was substituted for trifluoroacetyldimethylamine with an equivalent amount of sodium trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (50.2g), which was dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran and was added dropwise to the system uniformly over 20 min.
Example 42
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was different from example 36 in that in step S2, compound ii was substituted for trifluoroacetyldimethylamine with calcium trifluoroacetate (49.2g) added in an amount of 0.17mol, and calcium trifluoroacetate was first dissolved in 10mL of tetrahydrofuran and was uniformly added dropwise to the system within 20 min.
Example 43
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was distinguished from example 36 in that compound ii was replaced with an equivalent amount of trifluoroacetylmorpholine (60.4g) for trifluoroacetyldimethylamine in step S2.
In examples 36 to 43, 1, 3-dichloro-5-bromobenzene was selected as compound I, and compound II was adjusted, and the yield and purity thereof were as shown in Table 6.
From the above experiments, it can be seen that, when 3',5' -dichloro-1-bromobenzene is used as a raw material and 1,3, 5-trichlorobenzene is used as a raw material, the yield and the purity of the final product are not obviously changed when 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trichloroacetophenone is synthesized.
Example 44
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which carries out amplification reaction on the example 1 and specifically comprises the following steps.
S1, reacting the compound I with magnesium to obtain a Grignard reagent of the compound I;
s2, reacting the Grignard reagent of the compound I obtained in the step S1 with a compound II, and then carrying out acid treatment to obtain the 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone.
Step S1 is specifically as follows:
s1-1, weighing 72g of magnesium chips (3mol), adding into a reaction bottle, adding 500mL of tetrahydrofuran (solvent I), and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixed system I;
s1-2, weighing 344g of 1,3, 5-trichlorobenzene, dissolving with 1L of tetrahydrofuran (solvent I) to obtain a mixed system II, and placing the mixed system II in a separating funnel for later use;
s1-3, heating the mixed system I in the reaction bottle to 40 ℃, adding 10mL of 1, 2-dibromoethane as an initiator, uniformly dropwise adding the mixed system II into the mixed system I within 60min, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃ after dropwise adding is completed, continuing to react for 2h, and cooling the flask to 10 ℃ to obtain a mixed system III containing 1, 3-dichlorobenzene-5-magnesium chloride.
Step S2 is specifically as follows:
s2-1, heating the mixed system III obtained in the step S1-3 to 20 ℃, uniformly dropwise adding 466g of trifluoroacetyldimethylamine (3.3mol) into the mixed system within 20min, and continuously stirring for 1h after dropwise adding is finished to obtain a mixed system IV;
s2-2, adding 1L of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5% into the mixed system IV, preserving heat, standing, separating liquid, evaporating tetrahydrofuran in an organic phase, and further rectifying a product to obtain a clear and transparent liquid, namely the 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone.
Example 45
A synthesis method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone is characterized in that the amplification reaction is carried out in example 1, the addition amount of each material is amplified by 20 times according to the method in example 1, and the rest reaction conditions are kept unchanged.
Example 46
A synthesis method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which is different from that in example 44, 1, 3-dichloro-5-bromobenzene (677g) is selected as compound I in equal amount.
Example 47
A method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone, which is different from the method in example 44 in that 1, 3-dichloro-5-bromobenzene (3385g) is selected as compound I in equal amount.
The 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was synthesized by the synthesis method in examples 44 to 47, and the yield and the purity of the target product were shown in table 7.
From the experimental data, it can be seen that, when the method in examples 44 to 47 is used for scale-up production, the yield and purity of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone are not significantly affected, and thus the method has the prospect of industrial scale-up production.
For the above examples, reference is made to the preparation process in the reference, and the comparative examples are set as follows:
comparative example 1, a synthesis of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone was prepared by adding dropwise 14.5mL (23.2mmol) of n-butyllithium at-78 deg.C in 50mL of tetrahydrofuran (5.0 g3, 5-dichlorobromobenzene (22.1mmol) under nitrogen and over 30 min. The reaction was continued for 1 hour with stirring, and then 2.56g of trifluoroacetic anhydride was added dropwise to the above mixed system, and the reaction was continued for 2 hours with stirring at-78 ℃. Then gradually warming to room temperature and continuing the reaction for 2 h. After the reaction is finished, 100mL of ammonium chloride is added to stop the reaction, tetrahydrofuran is removed by liquid separation, the water phase is extracted by diethyl ether, the organic phases are combined and washed by saturated saline solution, the organic phases are dried by anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and distilled under reduced pressure to obtain colorless transparent liquid, namely 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone. The yield was 43.7% and the purity was 99.0%.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme in the application has the advantages that on one hand, the unused condition is mild, the ultralow temperature environment at-78 ℃ is not needed, the use of strong organic alkali is eliminated, the yield is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the industrial application prospect is good.
Claims (9)
1. A synthetic method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, reacting the compound I with magnesium to obtain a Grignard reagent of the compound I;
s2, reacting the Grignard reagent of the compound I in the step S1 with a compound II, and performing acid treatment to obtain 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone;
wherein R is1One selected from the group consisting of Cl or Br,
wherein R is2Is Na+、Zn2+、Mg2+、Cu2+、Li+、K+、Ca2+、Ni2+And n is R2The number of positive charges; r3Is one of Cl, Br, F, dimethylamino, diethylamino, piperidyl, morpholinyl or tetrahydropyrrole.
2. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone according to claim 1, wherein: step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s1-1, dispersing metal magnesium in a solvent I, and uniformly mixing at room temperature to obtain a mixed system I;
s1-2, weighing a compound I of substances such as metal magnesium and the like, dissolving the compound I in a solvent I, and preparing a mixed system II;
s1-3, keeping the temperature of the mixed system I at 0-100 ℃, adding an initiator into the mixed system I, then keeping the temperature, slowly dropwise adding the mixed system II, cooling to below 15 ℃ after complete dropwise addition and full reaction to obtain a mixed system III containing the Grignard reagent of the compound I;
wherein, the solvent I is one of tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene, pentane, hexane and heptane, or a homogeneous system formed by any several of tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, petroleum ether, benzene, toluene, pentane, hexane and heptane; the weight of the solvent is 3-20 times of that of the compound I.
3. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone according to claim 2, characterized in that: the solvent I is tetrahydrofuran, and the weight of the solvent I is 3-5 times of that of the compound I.
4. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S1-3, the reaction temperature is 20-60 ℃.
5. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone according to claim 2, characterized in that: step S2 is specifically as follows:
s2-1, uniformly and slowly adding the compound II into the mixed system III obtained in the S1-3 at the temperature of-20-30 ℃, fully reacting to obtain a mixed system IV,
s2-2, adding an acid I into the mixed system IV to acidify the mixed system IV, and further treating the mixed system IV to remove the solvent I to obtain 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone;
wherein, the acid I is one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid.
6. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the acid I is hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5-10%.
7. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in step S2-1, the temperature is 10-30 ℃.
8. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in step S2, compound II is selected from trifluoroacetyldimethylamine, trifluoroacetyldiethylamine or trifluoroacetylpiperidine.
9. The method for synthesizing 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2, 2-trifluoroacetophenone according to claim 8, wherein: in step S2, the amount of the substance added to the compound II is 1.05 to 12.2 times the amount of the substance added to the compound I.
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| CN117065657A (en) * | 2023-08-19 | 2023-11-17 | 浙江江北南海药业有限公司 | Reaction device for preparing lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide |
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| CN113024390B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2023-12-05 | 台州臻挚生物科技有限公司 | Synthesis method of 3',5' -dichloro-2, 2-trifluoro acetophenone derivative |
| CN117065657A (en) * | 2023-08-19 | 2023-11-17 | 浙江江北南海药业有限公司 | Reaction device for preparing lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide |
| CN117065657B (en) * | 2023-08-19 | 2024-06-07 | 浙江江北南海药业有限公司 | Reaction device for preparing lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide |
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