CN112028577B - RPC cover plate for subway evacuation platform and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
RPC cover plate for subway evacuation platform and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention relates to an RPC cover plate for a subway evacuation platform, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-160 parts of cement, 240-320 parts of quartz sand, 10-18 parts of anti-fatigue toughening powder, 30-40 parts of steel fiber, 50-70 parts of mineral admixture, 1-10 parts of composite water reducer and 35-40 parts of water. The anti-fatigue toughening powder is introduced into the raw material components of the RPC cover plate, so that the toughness of the RPC cover plate can be improved, the breaking strength and the fracture toughness of the RPC cover plate can be improved, the damage of internal unbalanced stress of the RPC cover plate, which is generated due to long-time use, to the cover plate body can be effectively resisted, the generation of cracks, which are caused by uneven stress inside the cover plate body, can be effectively inhibited, the anti-fatigue toughening powder has good freezing resistance and heat-resistant stability, the anti-fatigue toughening powder is dispersed in the RPC cover plate, the volume stability of the RPC cover plate in different temperature environments can be effectively maintained, and the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the RPC cover plate can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete materials, and relates to an RPC cover plate for a subway evacuation platform and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As is well known, RPC, i.e., reactive powder concrete, is a cement-based material that is developed by using conventional cement and other materials in the middle of the 90 s after high-strength and high-performance concrete, and is a high-performance concrete compounded by a DSP material and a fiber-reinforced material. The plate made of the RPC material has excellent mechanical strength, stable performance and relatively long service life, and is widely applied to building engineering, such as power plants, highways, intercity railways, subway bridges and tunnels, trench cover plates and cable duct cover plates of municipal engineering, and steel structures of the building engineering, inner wall enclosures of wooden buildings, floor clapboards, sound-absorbing boards of sports, theaters and meeting rooms, stair pedals and the like.
However, although the existing RPC cover plate for the subway evacuation platform has high strength and high stability, the existing RPC cover plate has high brittleness, and is quite unfavorable for resisting impact load and bearing vibration, that is, when the RPC cover plate is impacted, the RPC cover plate is easily damaged, which is also a main reason for the common rupture of the existing RPC cover plate. In addition, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the existing RPC cover plate are also to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and to provide an RPC cover plate for a subway evacuation platform, which has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, high strength, good toughness, long service life, and good volume stability.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the RPC cover plate for the subway evacuation platform.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
according to one aspect of the invention, the RPC cover plate for the subway evacuation platform is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-160 parts of cement, 240-320 parts of quartz sand, 10-18 parts of anti-fatigue toughening powder, 30-40 parts of steel fiber, 50-70 parts of mineral admixture, 1-10 parts of composite water reducer and 35-40 parts of water.
As a preferable technical scheme, the cement is 52.5-grade ordinary portland cement, the particle size of the quartz sand is less than or equal to 2mm, and SiO is adopted 2 The content of the mineral admixture is more than or equal to 98 percent, the mud content is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the mineral admixture comprises at least one of silica fume, blast furnace slag powder and superfine metakaolin, and the specific surface area of the mineral admixture is more than or equal to 2000m 2 /kg。
As a preferred technical scheme, the anti-fatigue toughening powder is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer, 620-30 parts of nylon, 2-10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer, 0.1-1 part of organic peroxide, 1-5 parts of expandable graphite, 0.2-0.6 part of stabilizing synergist, 1-3 parts of calcium linoleate soap and 60-70 parts of paraffin oil.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the grafting ratio of the maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber is 1.2-1.8%, the organic peroxide is tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, the carbon content of the expandable graphite is more than or equal to 97%, and the particle size is 0.1-0.2mm.
As a further preferable technical scheme, the stabilizing synergist is prepared by mixing fumed silica, zinc borate and modified rice hull ash according to a mass ratio of 1.
Further, the preparation method of the modified rice hull ash comprises the following steps:
step 1: incinerating rice hulls at 700-800 ℃, collecting incineration residues, grinding by using a ball mill, and then sieving by using a 900-mesh sieve to obtain rice hull ash powder;
step 2: uniformly mixing the rice hull ash powder with absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a mixed solution of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol;
and step 3: adding hydroxymethyl cellulose, a silane coupling agent and calcium sulfate whiskers into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 5 by using dilute nitric acid, reacting for 4-6 hours at 85 ℃, cooling, filtering, washing, drying to constant weight, grinding, and sieving with a 650-mesh sieve to obtain the modified rice hull ash.
As a further preferable technical solution, the relationship between the amount of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol in the step 2 is as follows: 5-10 g rice hull ash powder is added to every 100 mL absolute ethyl alcohol.
As a further preferable technical scheme, in the step 3, the dosage of the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 2-8% of the mass of the rice husk ash powder, the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-1.2% of the mass of the rice husk ash powder, and the dosage of the calcium sulfate whisker is 1-3% of the mass of the rice husk ash powder.
Further, the silane coupling agent may be selected from one of commercially available KH-550, KH-560 or KH-570.
As a preferred technical scheme, the preparation method of the anti-fatigue toughening powder material comprises the following steps: mixing SEBS thermoplastic elastomer and paraffin oil according to parts by weight, standing for 24 hours to fully swell the SEBS thermoplastic elastomer, adding the swelled SEBS thermoplastic elastomer on an open plasticator with a double-roller temperature of 160-170 ℃, adding nylon 6 and maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer according to parts by weight for mixing, after uniform plasticization, adding organic peroxide and calcium linoleate soap according to parts by weight for mixing for 10 minutes, adding a stabilizing synergist and expandable graphite according to parts by weight, continuing mixing for 20 minutes, discharging sheets after uniform mixing, performing hot pressing at 180 ℃, performing cold pressing at room temperature for discharging sheets, and then dehumidifying, granulating and drying to obtain the anti-fatigue toughening powder.
According to a preferable technical scheme, the composite water reducing agent is prepared by mixing a naphthalene water reducing agent, a melamine water reducing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent according to a mass ratio of 1.
According to another aspect of the invention, a preparation method of an RPC cover plate for a subway evacuation platform is provided, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding cement, quartz sand, anti-fatigue toughening powder, steel fiber, mineral admixture, composite water reducer and water into a stirrer according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain concrete slurry;
(2) Placing the finished mould on a vibration table, opening the vibration table, pouring the stirred concrete slurry into the mould until the mould is completely formed, and thus obtaining the initially-formed RPC cover plate;
(3) And (3) placing the preliminarily molded RPC cover plate into a curing chamber for curing to obtain an initially solidified RPC cover plate, separating the initially solidified RPC cover plate from the mold to obtain a demolded RPC cover plate, and then sending the demolded RPC cover plate into the curing chamber for steam curing at the curing temperature of 80-90 ℃ for 2 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1) In the anti-fatigue toughening powder adopted by the raw material components of the RPC cover plate, the SEBS thermoplastic elastomer is used as a base material, the nylon 6 is introduced, and the maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer is used as a compatilizer, so that the interface acting force of the nylon 6 and the SEBS thermoplastic elastomer can be effectively improved, the compatibility of the nylon 6 and the SEBS thermoplastic elastomer is improved, and the heat resistance and the corrosion resistance of the anti-fatigue toughening powder are effectively improved on the premise of ensuring that the final anti-fatigue toughening powder has good flexibility;
2) The modified rice hull ash is obtained by adopting silane coupling agent to carry out surface modification on the rice hull ash, so that the modified rice hull ash is favorable for forming stronger interaction with a base material, improving the compatibility of the modified rice hull ash and the base material and improving the dispersibility of the fumed silica and the zinc borate in the base material;
3) According to the RPC cover plate, the mineral admixture is introduced into the material system of the RPC cover plate, the mineral admixture, cement and quartz sand can jointly exert efficient bonding performance, the economic cost is reduced, the strength of the final RPC cover plate can be effectively improved due to the use of the steel fibers, in addition, the toughness of the RPC cover plate can be improved due to the use of the anti-fatigue toughening powder, the breaking strength and the fracture toughness of the RPC cover plate can be improved, the damage of internal unbalanced stress of the RPC cover plate to the cover plate body due to long-time use can be effectively resisted, the occurrence of cracks in the cover plate body due to uneven stress can be effectively inhibited, and the normal service life of the cover plate is greatly prolonged.
Detailed Description
The inventor finds that the anti-fatigue toughening powder is introduced into the raw material components of the RPC cover plate, so that the toughness of the RPC cover plate can be improved, the breaking strength and the fracture toughness of the RPC cover plate are improved, the damage of internal unbalanced stress of the RPC cover plate, which is generated due to long-time use, to the cover plate body can be effectively resisted, the occurrence of cracks caused by uneven stress in the cover plate body can be effectively inhibited, the anti-fatigue toughening powder has good freezing resistance and heat resistance, the anti-fatigue toughening powder is dispersed in the RPC cover plate, the volume stability of the RPC cover plate in different temperature environments can be effectively maintained, and the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the RPC cover plate can be improved.
On the basis of this, the present invention has been completed.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below clearly and completely in connection with specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed embodiment and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein. As used herein, the term "about" when used to modify a numerical value means within + -5% of the error margin measured for that value.
The technical scheme of the invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, and all the raw materials are commercial products unless otherwise specified.
The following table 1 shows the raw material components and the weight part contents thereof of the RPC cover sheets in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2.
TABLE 1 formulation of raw Material Components for RPC cover plates in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2
The cement used in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 in Table 1 was a Portland cement of grade 52.5, the quartz sand used had a particle size of 2mm or less, and SiO 2 The content is more than or equal to 98 percent, the mud content is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the adopted steel fiber is straight copper-plated micro-wire steel fiber with the tensile strength of more than or equal to 3000MPa, the length is 10mm, the diameter is 0.2mm, and the adopted composite water reducing agent is prepared from naphthalene water reducing agent, melamine water reducing agent and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent according to the mass ratio1.
The mineral admixtures used in examples 1-2 of Table 1 had specific surface areas of 2000m or more 2 /kg of ultrafine metakaolin; the mineral admixture used in the embodiment 3 and the comparative examples 1-2 is formed by mixing silica fume, blast furnace slag powder and superfine metakaolin according to the mass ratio of 1 2 Per kg; example 4 the mineral admixture used was a mineral admixture having a specific surface area of 2000m or more 2 /kg of blast furnace slag powder; example 5 the mineral admixture used was a mineral admixture having a specific surface area of 2000m or more 2 Silica fume per kg.
The following table 2 shows the formulations of the fatigue resistant toughening powder used in examples 1-5.
TABLE 2 formulation of the anti-fatigue toughening powder used in examples 1-5
In Table 2, the maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene-propylene-diene rubber used in example 1 had a grafting rate of 1.2%, the maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene-propylene-diene rubber used in example 2 had a grafting rate of 1.8%, the maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene-propylene-diene rubber used in example 3 had a grafting rate of 1.3%, and the maleic anhydride-grafted ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers used in examples 4 and 5 had a grafting rate of 1.5%.
The organic peroxide used in examples 1-5 of Table 2 was t-butyl peroxybenzoate.
In Table 2, the expandable graphite used in examples 1 to 3 had a carbon content of not less than 97% and a particle size of 0.1mm, and the expandable graphite used in examples 4 to 5 had a carbon content of not less than 97% and a particle size of 0.2mm.
The stabilizing synergist used in examples 1-5 in table 2 was prepared by mixing fumed silica, zinc borate and modified rice hull ash in a mass ratio of 1:
the modified rice hull ash used in examples 1-2 was prepared as follows:
step 1: incinerating rice hulls at 700 ℃, collecting incineration residues, grinding by using a ball mill, and then sieving by using a 900-mesh sieve to obtain rice hull ash powder;
step 2: uniformly mixing the rice hull ash powder and absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a mixed solution of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the dosage relationship of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol is as follows: every 100 mL absolute ethyl alcohol is added with 5g of rice hull ash powder;
and step 3: adding hydroxymethyl cellulose, a silane coupling agent KH-550 and calcium sulfate whiskers into the mixed solution, wherein the amount of the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 8% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, the amount of the silane coupling agent KH-550 is 1.2% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, and the amount of the calcium sulfate whiskers is 3% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, then adjusting the pH of the solution to 5 by using dilute nitric acid, reacting for 6 hours at 85 ℃, cooling, filtering, washing, drying to constant weight, grinding, and sieving with a 650-mesh sieve to obtain the rice hull ash.
The preparation of the modified rice hull ash used in examples 3-4 was as follows:
step 1: incinerating rice hulls at 800 ℃, collecting incineration residues, grinding by using a ball mill, and then sieving by using a 900-mesh sieve to obtain rice hull ash powder;
step 2: uniformly mixing the rice hull ash powder with absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a mixed solution of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the dosage relationship of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol is as follows: every 100 mL absolute ethyl alcohol is added with 10g of rice hull ash powder;
and step 3: adding hydroxymethyl cellulose, a silane coupling agent KH-560 and calcium sulfate whiskers into the mixed solution, wherein the dosage of the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 5% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, the dosage of the silane coupling agent KH-550 is 0.8% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, and the dosage of the calcium sulfate whiskers is 1.3% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, then adopting dilute nitric acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 5, reacting for 5 hours at 85 ℃, cooling, filtering, washing, drying to constant weight, and sieving with a 650-mesh sieve after grinding.
The modified rice hull ash used in example 5 was prepared as follows:
step 1: incinerating rice hulls at 780 ℃, collecting incineration residues, grinding by using a ball mill, and then sieving by using a 900-mesh sieve to obtain rice hull ash powder;
and 2, step: uniformly mixing the rice hull ash powder with absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a mixed solution of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the dosage relationship of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol is as follows: every 100 mL absolute ethyl alcohol is added with 7g of rice hull ash powder;
and step 3: adding hydroxymethyl cellulose, a silane coupling agent KH-570 and calcium sulfate whiskers into the mixed solution, wherein the dosage of the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 2% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, the dosage of the silane coupling agent KH-550 is 0.5% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, and the dosage of the calcium sulfate whiskers is 1% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, then adopting dilute nitric acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 5, reacting for 4 hours at 85 ℃, cooling, filtering, washing, drying to constant weight, and sieving with a 650-mesh sieve after grinding to obtain the rice hull ash powder.
The preparation method of the anti-fatigue toughening powder used in examples 1 to 5 was as follows:
step i): mixing the SEBS thermoplastic elastomer and paraffin oil according to the weight part, and standing for 24 hours to fully swell the SEBS thermoplastic elastomer;
step ii): adding the swelled SEBS thermoplastic elastomer on an open plasticator with a double-roller temperature of 160-170 ℃, adding nylon 6 and maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer according to parts by weight for mixing, after plasticizing uniformly, adding organic peroxide and calcium linoleate soap according to parts by weight for mixing for 10 minutes, adding the stabilizing synergist and the expandable graphite according to parts by weight, continuing mixing for 20 minutes, discharging the mixture after mixing uniformly, carrying out hot pressing at 180 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing at room temperature for discharging the mixture, and then dehumidifying, granulating and drying to obtain the anti-fatigue toughening powder.
In step ii) above, example 1 was set to 160 ℃, example 2 was set to 170 ℃, example 3 was set to 162 ℃, example 4 was set to 168 ℃ and example 5 was set to 165 ℃ for the two roll temperature of the open mill.
The materials of examples 1-5 were made into RPC cover plates using the following method:
(1) Adding cement, quartz sand, anti-fatigue toughening powder, steel fiber, a mineral admixture, a composite water reducing agent and water in parts by weight into a stirrer, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain concrete slurry;
(2) Placing the finished mould on a vibration table, opening the vibration table, pouring the stirred concrete slurry into the mould until the mould is completely formed, and thus obtaining the initially-formed RPC cover plate;
(3) And (3) placing the preliminarily molded RPC cover plate into a curing chamber for curing to obtain an initially solidified RPC cover plate, separating the initially solidified RPC cover plate from the mold to obtain a demolded RPC cover plate, and then sending the demolded RPC cover plate into the curing chamber for steam curing at the curing temperature of 80-90 ℃ for 2 days.
Comparative examples 1-2 RPC cover plates were made using the same procedure as described above.
The following table 3 shows the performance test results of the RPC cover sheets manufactured using the raw material component formulations of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2.
TABLE 3 Performance test results of RPC cover sheets made from the stock component formulations of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-2
From the test results of table 3, it can be seen that, in terms of mechanical properties, the raw material components of the cover plate in comparative example 1 do not contain any functional powder, and the fracture toughness, compressive strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus thereof are all significantly lower than those of examples 1-5, while in comparative example 2, compared with comparative example 1, the raw material components thereof use SEBS thermoplastic elastomer powder as the functional powder, which can properly improve the mechanical properties of the cover plate, but the improvement effect thereof is significantly lower than that of the anti-fatigue toughening powder used in examples 1-5, which may be due to the introduction of the stabilizing synergist in the anti-fatigue toughening powder, which is formed by mixing the modified rice hull ash, fumed silica and zinc borate, and the three components can exert a synergistic effect, thereby not only reinforcing the base material, but also improving the anti-fatigue resilience of the base material, and being beneficial to significantly improving the fracture toughness, compressive strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus of the cover plate.
In addition, under the same experimental conditions, the chloride ion diffusion coefficient, the abrasion coefficient and the freezing-thawing shedding quality of the examples 1-5 are all obviously smaller than those of the comparative examples 1 and 2, which is probably because the anti-fatigue toughening powder adopted in the examples 1-5 has the temperature change tolerance and the corrosion resistance besides the strength and the toughness, and is favorable for reducing the sensitivity of the cover plate to the temperature, reducing or inhibiting the influence of the cover plate on the self volume caused by the change of the external temperature on the thermal expansion and cold contraction while improving the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the cover plate, maintaining the volume stability and prolonging the service life of the cover plate.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The RPC cover plate for the subway evacuation platform is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-160 parts of cement, 240-320 parts of quartz sand, 10-18 parts of anti-fatigue toughening powder, 30-40 parts of steel fiber, 50-70 parts of mineral admixture, 1-10 parts of composite water reducer and 35-40 parts of water;
the anti-fatigue toughening powder is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of SEBS thermoplastic elastomer, 620-30 parts of nylon, 2-10 parts of maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer, 0.1-1 part of organic peroxide, 1-5 parts of expandable graphite, 0.2-0.6 part of stabilizing synergist, 1-3 parts of calcium linoleate soap and 60-70 parts of paraffin oil;
the grafting rate of the maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber is 1.2-1.8%, the organic peroxide is tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, the carbon content of the expandable graphite is more than or equal to 97%, and the particle size is 0.1-0.2mm;
the stabilizing synergist is prepared by mixing fumed silica, zinc borate and modified rice hull ash according to a mass ratio of 1;
the preparation method of the modified rice hull ash comprises the following steps:
step 1: incinerating rice hulls at 700-800 ℃, collecting incineration residues, grinding by using a ball mill, and then sieving by using a 900-mesh sieve to obtain rice hull ash powder;
step 2: uniformly mixing the rice hull ash powder with absolute ethyl alcohol to prepare a mixed solution of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol;
and step 3: adding hydroxymethyl cellulose, a silane coupling agent and calcium sulfate whiskers into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH of the solution to 5 by using dilute nitric acid, reacting for 4-6 hours at 85 ℃, cooling, filtering, washing, drying to constant weight, grinding, and sieving with a 650-mesh sieve to obtain the modified rice hull ash;
the cement is 52.5-grade ordinary portland cement, the particle size of the quartz sand is less than or equal to 2mm, and SiO is added 2 The content of the mineral admixture is more than or equal to 98 percent, the mud content is less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the mineral admixture comprises at least one of silica fume, blast furnace slag powder and superfine metakaolin, and the specific surface area of the mineral admixture is more than or equal to 2000m 2 /kg；
The relationship between the use amount of the rice hull ash powder and the absolute ethyl alcohol in the step 2 is as follows: adding 5-10 g rice hull ash powder into every 100 mL anhydrous ethanol;
in the step 3, the dosage of the hydroxymethyl cellulose is 2-8% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, the dosage of the silane coupling agent is 0.5-1.2% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder, and the dosage of the calcium sulfate whisker is 1-3% of the mass of the rice hull ash powder;
the preparation method of the anti-fatigue toughening powder comprises the following steps: mixing SEBS thermoplastic elastomer and paraffin oil according to parts by weight, standing for 24 hours to fully swell the SEBS thermoplastic elastomer, adding the swelled SEBS thermoplastic elastomer on an open plasticator with a double-roller temperature of 160-170 ℃, adding nylon 6 and maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene monomer according to parts by weight for mixing, after plasticizing uniformly, adding organic peroxide and calcium linoleate soap according to parts by weight for mixing for 10 minutes, adding a stabilizing synergist and expandable graphite according to parts by weight, continuing mixing for 20 minutes, discharging sheets after mixing uniformly, performing hot pressing at 180 ℃, cold pressing at room temperature for discharging sheets, dehumidifying, pelletizing and drying to obtain the anti-fatigue toughening powder material;
the composite water reducing agent is formed by mixing a naphthalene water reducing agent, a melamine water reducing agent and a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent according to the mass ratio of 1.
2. The method for preparing the RPC cover plate for the evacuation platform of the subway as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding cement, quartz sand, anti-fatigue toughening powder, steel fiber, mineral admixture, composite water reducer and water into a stirrer according to the parts by weight, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain concrete slurry;
(2) Placing the finished mould on a vibration table, opening the vibration table, pouring the stirred concrete slurry into the mould until the mould is completely formed, and thus obtaining the initially-formed RPC cover plate;
(3) And (3) placing the initially formed RPC cover plate into a curing room for curing to obtain an initially solidified RPC cover plate, separating the initially solidified RPC cover plate from the mold to obtain a demolded RPC cover plate, and then sending the demolded RPC cover plate into the curing room for steam curing, wherein the curing temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the curing time is 2 days.
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| CN101565288A (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2009-10-28 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Active powder concrete for railroad bridge cover plate |
| CN103289370B (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2015-12-23 | 东莞市明聚塑胶有限公司 | Modified elastomer of a kind of nylon 6 and preparation method thereof |
| CN105198339A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2015-12-30 | 上海罗洋新材料科技有限公司 | Ultrahigh-performance cement-based composite material |
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