CN112028402B - Membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process - Google Patents

Membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112028402B
CN112028402B CN202010885859.0A CN202010885859A CN112028402B CN 112028402 B CN112028402 B CN 112028402B CN 202010885859 A CN202010885859 A CN 202010885859A CN 112028402 B CN112028402 B CN 112028402B
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treatment unit
treatment process
sewage
treatment
sludge
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CN112028402A (en
Inventor
尚永超
卢军
刘芳
周磊
王丽丽
高静
高洪贵
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QINGDAO OUREN ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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QINGDAO OUREN ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/08—Aerobic processes using moving contact bodies
    • C02F3/082—Rotating biological contactors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses a membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The technical scheme is as follows: the method comprises a pretreatment process, a biochemical treatment process and a post-treatment process, wherein the biochemical treatment process comprises a biomembrane method treatment unit and an activated sludge treatment unit, the biomembrane method treatment unit is positioned in front of an aerobic section of the activated sludge treatment unit, and the retention time of sewage in the biomembrane method treatment unit is 0.05-0.5h; the biomembrane process treatment unit hydrolyzes macromolecular substances into micromolecular substances under aerobic conditions, and the activated sludge treatment unit catabolizes pollutants. The invention greatly improves the efficiency of sewage treatment by utilizing the coupling effect of the biomembrane method and the activated sludge method.

Description

Membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a membrane sludge coupling sewage treatment process.
Background
The sewage treatment develops to present, various processes such as AO, AAO, oxidation ditch, SBR, MBBR, MBR and the like appear, and the processes have different characteristics and make great contribution to water environment treatment.
In recent years, more strict emission standards are established in countries and places, and many sewage plants need to improve treatment standards; meanwhile, with the acceleration of urbanization, some sewage plants cannot completely treat discharged sewage, and the upgrading and capacity expansion become urgent subjects of many sewage treatment plants. However, many sewage plants are faced with a series of difficult problems such as increasing occupied area, stopping operation, increasing operation cost after reconstruction, and the like, and it is very important to find a better sewage treatment method capable of solving the current problems.
In recent years, MBR and MBBR are mainly used for upgrading and scaling of sewage treatment plants, and denitrification filters requiring carbon sources are sometimes added at the back end to reach higher total nitrogen emission standards. However, the transformation methods need to be stopped, transformed and upgraded, the engineering transformation difficulty is high, the construction cost is high, the operation cost is high after transformation, and the burden of enterprises is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process is formed by coupling a biomembrane method and activated sludge, exerts the advantages of two treatment methods, avoids the respective disadvantages, makes good use of the advantages and avoids the disadvantages, and improves the overall efficiency.
The invention provides a membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process, which comprises a pretreatment process, a biochemical treatment process and a post-treatment process, wherein the biochemical treatment process comprises a biomembrane method treatment unit and an activated sludge treatment unit, the biomembrane method treatment unit is positioned in front of an aerobic section of the activated sludge treatment unit, and the retention time of sewage in the biomembrane method treatment unit is 0.05-0.5h; the biomembrane process treatment unit hydrolyzes macromolecular substances into micromolecular substances under aerobic conditions, and the activated sludge treatment unit catabolizes pollutants.
Preferably, the biofilm process processing unit adopts a biological rotating disc, a disc of the biological rotating disc adopts a biofilm culturing disc, a biofilm is attached to the disc, and the concentration of microorganisms on the biofilm culturing disc is 30-40g/L.
Preferably, the film hanging disc is made of polar materials, so that the adhesive force between the disc and microorganisms can be further increased, and the concentration of the microorganisms on the disc is improved.
Preferably, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the unit for processing by the biofilm method is 1-6mg/L.
Preferably, the pretreatment process comprises at least one of a catch basin, a grid, a grit chamber, a primary settling tank and a regulating tank.
Preferably, the activated sludge treatment unit comprises AO, A 2 At least one of O, oxidation ditch and SBR.
Preferably, the post-treatment process comprises at least one of a sedimentation tank, a filtration tank and a disinfection tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention couples the biomembrane method and the activated sludge method to treat the sewage, wherein the biomembrane method mainly hydrolyzes macromolecular substances into micromolecular substances under aerobic conditions, and then the activated sludge treatment unit continuously decomposes and metabolizes the pollutants. The biomembrane process treatment unit and the activated sludge treatment unit are two independent treatment units, are respectively in different treatment stages, realize different functions, and play a coupling role by depending on the mutual technological action principle, thereby greatly improving the treatment efficiency of sewage.
2. In the biomembrane method treatment unit, the retention time of the sewage is very short, and is only 0.05-0.5h, so that the sewage is high-concentration inlet water and high-concentration outlet water in the biomembrane method treatment unit, and the biomass with higher concentration and the extracellular enzyme with higher concentration can be generated, the hydrolysis of macromolecular substances into micromolecular substances is accelerated, the micromolecular substances are easy to permeate into cells, and the subsequent biochemical efficiency is improved.
3. The biological rotating disk and the activated sludge treatment of the invention are not completed in a unit structure, but are two independent treatment units, and the design can be used for the original sewage treatment facilities (such as AO, A) 2 Conventional treatment facilities such as O) and the like), has small change on the original treatment facilities, can be installed off line without stopping production, has short construction period, saves investment and has low operating cost; and can also be used for newly-built projects.
4. According to the inventionCompared with the original activated sludge method, the treatment process has the advantages that due to the coupling effect of the biomembrane method and the activated sludge method, the suspended sludge in the activated sludge treatment unit is more compact, the SVI is low, the sedimentation speed is high (up to 12 m/h), and the surface load of the secondary sedimentation tank can reach 1.2-1.5m 3 /m 2 H, the effluent ss can be lower than 10mg/L; the number of filamentous bacteria is small, the sludge bulking probability is low, and the operation is more stable; and the biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect is higher, and the effluent quality is good.
5. The invention hydrolyzes macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters under the biological rotating disk and aerobic environment, instead of a conventional hydrolysis acidification tank, and the pH value of sewage can not be obviously reduced.
6. In the whole process, the microorganism generating the extracellular hydrolase is the original microorganism in the activated sludge treatment unit, special strains such as bacillus and the like are not required to be added particularly, and special nutrient solution is not required to be inoculated or added additionally, so that the operation cost is low and the maintenance is simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotating biological disk of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of the turntable shaft, the inner support tube, and the outer support tube in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a disk of embodiment 1.
Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a fan-shaped piece of example 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the mesh structure of example 1.
Fig. 6 isbase:Sub>A sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fixing bracket of embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the sewage tank of embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is a plan view of the wastewater tank according to example 1.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the sump and disk of example 1.
FIG. 11 is a process flow diagram of example 1.
Fig. 12 is a process flow diagram of comparative example 1.
In the figure, 1-biological rotating disk body, 2-sewage tank, 3-disk, 31-sector sheet body, 311-disk edge, 312-disk support, 313-mesh structure, 3131-cylinder rib, 3132-square hole, 3133-protrusion, 31331-protrusion cylinder, 31332-protrusion hemisphere, 314-disk fixing piece, 315-fixing hole, 4-air pipe, 5-baffle plate, 6-rotating disk shaft, 7-bearing seat, 8-water baffle plate, 9-disk group, 10-baffle plate, 11-bracket flange, 12-fixing bracket, 121-half bracket excircle, 122-wheel disk, 123-pipe clamp, 124-fixing circular hole, 125-semicircle connecting piece, 126-inner supporting pipe, 127-outer supporting pipe, 13-sewage inlet, 14-clear water outlet, 15-disk cover, 16-vent.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process comprises a pretreatment process, a biochemical treatment process and a post-treatment process, wherein the biochemical treatment process comprises a biomembrane method treatment unit and an activated sludge treatment unit, the biomembrane method treatment unit adopts a biological rotating disc, and a biomembrane is adhered to a disc of the biological rotating disc; the biological rotating disc is positioned in front of an aerobic section of the activated sludge treatment unit, and the retention time of the sewage in the biological rotating disc is 0.05-0.5h; the biomembrane process treatment unit hydrolyzes macromolecular substances into micromolecular substances under aerobic conditions, and the activated sludge treatment unit catabolizes pollutants. The pretreatment process comprises a coarse grating, a fine grating, a grit chamber and a primary sedimentation tank, and an activated sludge treatment unit A 2 O, adopting a secondary sedimentation tank and a disinfection tank in the post-treatment process.
The process flow of this example is shown in FIG. 11.
The sewage firstly enters the A after being filtered by the grid and preliminarily precipitated in the grit chamber and the primary sedimentation tank 2 An anaerobic tank of the/O treatment unit enters the biological rotating disc after anaerobic treatment.
The biological rotating disc of this embodiment is equipped with sewage import 13, clear water export 14 and sets up sewage tank 2 between sewage import 13 and clear water export 14 including being equipped with support flange 11's fixed bolster 12, is provided with drain 16 on sewage tank 2, is provided with the anticorrosive coating on the 2 inner walls of sewage tank.
The sewage treatment device is characterized by further comprising a disc 3 arranged on a fixed support 12, a disc cover 15 is arranged at the top of the disc 3, a rotary disc shaft 6 is arranged at the center of the disc 3, two ends of the rotary disc shaft 6 are connected with the fixed support 12 through a shaft flange 17 and a support flange 11, two ends of the rotary disc shaft 6 are connected with two ends of the sewage tank 2 through an aligning bearing 18, and a driving motor is arranged outside the sewage tank 2 and drives the rotary disc shaft 6 to rotate.
The disc 3 is a full circle body formed by combining n fan-shaped disc bodies 31 with the angle of 360 degrees/n, wherein n is an even number, and each fan-shaped disc body 31 comprises a disc edge 311, a disc supporting piece 312 for connecting the disc edge 311 with the center and a net-shaped structure 313 for growing a biological film; the disk supporting piece 312 is provided with a disk fixing piece 314 at the joint with the disk edge 311 and in the middle of the disk edge 311, the middle part of the disk supporting piece 312 is provided with a fixing hole 315, the disk fixing piece 314 and the fixing hole 315 are provided with a convex inner ring on one side and a concave inner ring on the other side, and when the disks 3 are connected, the convex inner ring of one disk 3 is clamped and fixed in the concave inner ring of the other disk 3.
The mesh structure 313 includes vertically crossing cylindrical ribs 3131, crossing grid holes 3132 and protrusions 3133 perpendicular to the plane formed by the cylindrical ribs 3131, the protrusions 3133 are disposed at the crossing of the cylindrical ribs 3131, the protrusions 3133 spaced apart from one another by a distance 3132 in the same column are located on different planes, the protrusions 3133 spaced apart from two other grid holes 3132 in the same column are located on the same plane, the protrusions 3133 spaced apart from one another by a distance 3132 in the same row are located on the same plane, a row of protrusions 3133 is disposed on the front side of the disk side 311 and the disk support 312, and two rows of protrusions 3133 are disposed on the back side thereof.
The protrusion 3133 includes a protrusion cylinder 31331 and a protrusion hemisphere 31332 provided at an end portion of the protrusion cylinder 31331, and a diameter of the cylindrical rib 3131 is equal to a diameter of the protrusion cylinder 31331 and the protrusion hemisphere 31332.
The diameter of the cylindrical rib 3131 is 2 to 6mm, the side length of the square hole 3132 is 5 to 12mm, and the total length of the protruding cylinder 31331 and the protruding hemisphere 31332 is 5 to 15mm. The distance between the parallel disks 3 is slightly larger than the sum of the radii of the protruded cylinder 31331 and the protruded hemisphere 31332, and a certain gap is formed between the disks 3. The cylindrical ribs 3131, the square holes 3132, and the protrusions 3133 in different directions are arranged to form a three-dimensional space structure. The three-dimensional structure enables the disc 3 with the same volume to have larger specific surface area and can grow more microorganisms; the three-dimensional structure is beneficial to the exchange between the biological membrane and air, the falling of the aged biological membrane and the increase of the biological activity.
Fixed bolster 12 still includes semi-support excircle 121 and radials 122, be equipped with pipe strap 123 on the semi-support excircle 121, be equipped with fixed round hole 124 on the radials 122 be equipped with semicircle connecting piece 125 on the semi-support excircle 121, semicircle connecting piece 125 connects into a whole circle with two semi-support excircles 121. The support device further comprises an inner support pipe 126 and an outer support pipe 127, wherein two ends of the inner support pipe 126 are fixed on the spoke plate 122 of the outer circle 121 of the half support, and two ends of the outer support pipe 127 are fixedly arranged on the pipe clamp 123 of the outer circle 121 of the half support. When the disk 3 fixing holes 315 are strung together by the outer supporting tube 127 and the inner supporting tube 126, and the adjacent disks 3 are buckled together by a plurality of disk fixing pieces 314, the disk group 9 can be formed, and the positions of the disks 3 in the disk group 9 are relatively fixed, so that the disks are prevented from being displaced when the turntable rotates.
The disc 3 is a polar material disc 3 to increase the adsorption force between the biological film and the disc 3, which is beneficial to the adhesion and growth of microorganisms.
A plurality of air pipes 4 penetrating through the sewage tank 2 are arranged below the disc pieces 3 in the sewage tank 2, two ends of each air pipe 4 extend out of the sewage tank 2, one end of each air pipe is connected with an air blower, the other end of each air pipe is connected with a blind plate in a flange mode, and a plurality of upward air holes are formed in the air pipes 4.
During installation, a plurality of biological rotating discs are generally installed and used at the same time, and the end of each air pipe 4 can be selected to be connected with the air blower according to the requirements of site construction and layout, and the end of each air pipe is connected with the blind plate to serve as a cleaning port. After the installation is finished, when the biological membrane on the disk 3 is too thick, the blower can be started to clean the redundant biological membrane on the disk 3 in an aeration mode through the air holes on the air pipe 4. When the biological rotating disc is used for a long time and causes residual sludge in the air pipe 4, the inner part of the blind plate cleaning air pipe 4 can be opened, and compared with the condition that the biological rotating disc is required to be disassembled when the aeration pipe 4 with one end positioned in the sewage tank 2 is cleaned, the operation is more convenient and labor-saving.
A flow baffle plate 5 is arranged at a sewage inlet 13 in the sewage tank 2, the flow baffle plate 5 is welded on the support, and then the support is welded on the inner wall of the sewage tank 2. When the biological rotating disk provided with the flow baffle plate 5 is applied to a membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process, the flow baffle plate 5 can play a role in changing the water inlet direction because the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process needs large-flow water inlet and outlet, so that the phenomenon that microorganisms attached to the disk 3 fall off because the disk 3 is directly washed by large-flow high-speed sewage can be prevented. The flow baffle 5 may be a flat plate, a mesh plate, or other structures capable of blocking and buffering flow.
The rotating disc shaft 6 of the biological rotating disc body 1 is arranged on the side wall of the sewage tank 2 through a bearing seat 7, a water baffle 8 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sewage tank 2, the water baffle 8 is positioned at the bearing seat 7, the top of the water baffle 8 is positioned below the rotating disc shaft 6, and the shape of the top of the water baffle 8 is matched with that of the rotating disc shaft 6.
Bearing frame 7 of carousel axle 6 all sets up in the dirty water tank 2 outside in traditional biological rotating disc equipment usually, mainly because bearing frame 7 bottom will be less than carousel axle 6, because of biological rotating disc is in order to increase disc 3 height that soaks as far as possible, need improve the water level as far as possible, then be higher than bearing frame 7 bottom when the water level promotes to be close carousel axle 6, can lead to bearing frame 7 bottom and peripheral to leak when bearing frame 7 sets up on the both ends pool wall of dirty water tank 2, also can influence the bearing life if inside bearing intakes, therefore bearing frame 7 directly sets up in traditional biological rotating disc equipment outside the cell body pool wall, but this kind of mounting means needs the outer additional erection support bearing of support, when the cost is improved, because pivot and disc 3 weight are great, the external support adopts the mode stability of side fixed mounting to be relatively poor, and increased overall length.
The biological rotating disc of this embodiment has adopted a non-external bearing frame 7, the bearing frame 7 of carousel axle 6 sets up in the both ends pool wall of effluent water sump 2, breakwater 8 has been installed to bearing frame 7 department on the lateral wall of effluent water sump 2 of this embodiment, the high breakwater 8 reaches carousel axle 6 department and breakwater 8 top shape suits with carousel axle 6, the highest pivot department that just can reach of water level in the effluent water sump 2 like this, thereby inside water level has been improved, prevent that bearing frame 7 bottom and periphery from leaking, and satisfied the stability requirement of bearing frame 7, it is also succinct pleasing to the eye more.
The disc 3 is divided into a plurality of disc groups 9, stop blocks 10 are arranged between the disc groups 9, the stop blocks 10 are installed on the turntable shaft 6, and large gaps are reserved between the disc groups 9 through the stop blocks 10.
The large-flow water inlet and outlet is needed in the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process, so that the biomass attached to the disc 3 is large, the larger gap caused by the stop blocks 10 among the disc groups 9 can prevent blockage, and the later-stage aged biological membrane can smoothly fall off to update the biological membrane.
In addition, the number of the discs 3 of each disc group 9 can be specifically designed according to the process requirements, for example, gradient distribution along the water flow direction can be set. The number of the discs 3 in the disc group 9 of this embodiment is described by taking the application to the membrane-sludge coupled sewage treatment process as an example. The disk group 9 close to the water inlet end is designed to be composed of 4 disk groups 9, the disk group 9 close to the water outlet end is designed to be composed of 8 disk groups 9, and the number of disks 3 of the middle disk groups 9 is increased gradually every two groups. The number of the disc groups 9 at the water inlet end is more, the number of the stop blocks 10 is more, so that the gaps of the water inlet end are more, and the total gap is larger. Because the organic matter concentration of the water inlet end is higher, the film is more, and the gap is larger, which is more favorable for preventing blockage. Meanwhile, the film hanging on the disc 3 at the water inlet end is more, so that the film hanging weight of the water inlet end and the water outlet end is uneven, the front weight is heavy, and the rear weight is light, and the design of the number of the discs 3 of each disc group 9 is beneficial to the uniformity of the balance weight of the turntable shaft 6.
The disc 3 of the bio-disc of this embodiment continuously adsorbs and decomposes organic substances in sewage while rotating, and exchanges oxygen with air while being exposed to the water surface. The used disc is of a three-dimensional space structure, the biological membrane has huge specific surface area in the same space, a biological membrane with huge area is formed, the whole membrane hanging performance is good, and the biological membrane is not transferred to the subsequent A along with sewage 2 In the/O treatment unit; due to the three-dimensional structure, air easily reaches any part of the biofilm, oldThe biological membrane is easy to drop and is discharged out of a sewage tank along with water, so that the biological membrane of the whole rotating disc has better activity and higher efficiency, the biological rotating disc with the same volume has more high-activity microorganisms, the concentration of the microorganisms can reach 30-40g/L, more sewage can be treated, and the sewage treatment efficiency can be effectively improved.
The biological rotating disk structure of the embodiment enables the biological concentration of the biological film attached on the disk to be equivalent to the sludge concentration in the activated sludge to be 40000mg/L which is 5-10 times of that of the activated sludge method; the quantity of the extracellular enzyme produced by the microorganism is greatly increased, and the activity of the extracellular enzyme can reach 2-5 times of that of the activated sludge method. Thus, the sewage can be fully hydrolyzed in the stage of the biological rotating disc, the hydrolysis efficiency is improved by more than 10 times, the oxidative decomposition speed of the organic matters in the aerobic section of the activated sludge treatment unit is improved, the retention time of the aerobic section can be effectively shortened, and the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) is improved 5 And (4) removing rate.
The biofilm attached to the disc 3 hydrolyzes macromolecular organic substances such as saccharides, oils and proteins in the sewage into micromolecular organic substances. Then the sewage enters an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank, and enters a secondary sedimentation tank for sedimentation and disinfection after treatment. Nitrifying liquid in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank to more efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus, and sludge in the sludge concentration tank flows back to the anaerobic tank.
After the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process is adopted, the following beneficial effects are generated on the aerobic section:
on the one hand, the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process combines a biofilm method in an activated sludge process, a large number of microorganisms are fixedly attached by the biofilm method, the system enzyme activity is enhanced under sufficient substrate concentration, macromolecular organic matters are hydrolyzed into micromolecular organic matters, the hydrolysis speed of the macromolecular organic matters is greatly improved, the oxidative decomposition speed of the organic matters in an aerobic section of a rear activated sludge treatment unit is improved, and the retention time of the aerobic section can be effectively shortened. Meanwhile, the water inlet load of the aerobic section is effectively reduced by increasing the oxidation and decomposition speed of the aerobic section, the aeration quantity can be reduced while the organic matter removal rate is increased, and the energy consumption is saved.
In the second aspect, the nitrifying bacteria are chemoautotrophic bacteria, and although the concentration of the organic substrate is not a growth limiting factor, if the BOD value is too high, heterotrophic bacteria can rapidly grow, so that the nitrifying bacteria cannot become dominant species, and the nitrification reaction is difficult to perform. In general, the BOD value is preferably less than 20mg/L during the nitration reaction. As described above, the membrane-sludge coupled sewage treatment process is adopted in this embodiment, so that the aerobic tank has low water inlet load, fast degradation of organic matters, increased competitiveness of nitrifying bacteria, and high ammonia nitrogen decomposition efficiency.
After the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process is adopted, the following beneficial effects are generated on the anaerobic section:
the anaerobic section needs to keep a lower dissolved oxygen value so as to be more beneficial to the fermentation and acid production of anaerobic bacteria, and meanwhile, less dissolved oxygen is more beneficial to reducing the consumption of easily degradable organic matters, so that more PHB synthesized by phosphorus accumulating bacteria can achieve a better phosphorus release effect. As mentioned above, the aerobic section in the membrane-sludge coupled sewage treatment process of the embodiment reduces the aeration amount, which is beneficial to reducing the influence of sludge backflow on the anaerobic environment.
After the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process is adopted, the following beneficial effects are generated on the anoxic section:
the denitrifying bacteria belong to heterotrophic facultative anaerobes, the denitrifying bacteria have higher requirements on carbon sources, the more sufficient the organic carbon source is, the higher the C/N is, the more obvious the denitrifying effect is, and the higher the removal rate of TN is. In the membrane-sludge coupling sewage treatment process, the preposed biological rotating disc hydrolyzes macromolecular organic matters in large quantity, so that an organic carbon source for denitrification can be effectively provided, the denitrification efficiency is enhanced, the adding amount of an external carbon source in a system is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced.
After the membrane sludge coupling sewage treatment process is adopted, the following beneficial effects are generated on the secondary sedimentation tank process:
in the first aspect, sludge bulking can be classified into filamentous fungus bulking due to abnormal proliferation of filamentous fungi and non-filamentous fungus bulking due to large accumulation of viscous substances according to the causes thereof, wherein filamentous fungus bulking is the most common. In the membrane sludge coupling sewage treatment process, the growth of the filamentous bacteria is limited under the condition of low EPS (Extracellular Polymeric substrates) in an aerobic section, so that sludge bulking caused by the filamentous bacteria can be effectively avoided.
In the second aspect, EPS influences the surface characteristics of sludge such as biological flocculation, sedimentation performance, dehydration performance and the like, and plays an important role in activated sludge, and related researches show that the EPS is not beneficial to sludge sedimentation. The invention is embodied in the working procedure of the secondary sedimentation tank, the coagulation performance and the sedimentation performance of the sludge are better, the load of the sedimentation tank is improved, and the surface load can reach 1.2-1.5m 3 /m 2 ·h。
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 uses conventional A 2 the/O process treats sewage, and the process flow is shown in figure 12.
The wastewater was treated by the process of comparative example 1, and the quality of the influent water was as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 quality of influent water
PH COD cr BOD 5 NH 3 -N TN P SS
6-9 450 300 35 45 4 200
Comparative example 1 practical running treated Water amount of 180 to 190m 3 And/d, typical water quality after treatment is shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 actual effluent quality
PH COD cr BOD 5 NH 3 -N TN P SS
6-9 56 19 10 18 0.5 15
The first class B standard of effluent in GB18918-2002 is shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 first class B Standard effluent requirements
PH COD cr BOD 5 NH 3 -N TN P SS
6-9 60 20 8(15) 20 1 20
As seen from this, conventional A in comparative example 1 2 The O process basically meets the first-level B effluent requirement except ammonia nitrogen indexes.
On the basis of comparative example 1, in example 1, the biological rotating disc is introduced before the anoxic pond, and when sewage is treated, the actual treated water amount is 300-350m 3 The typical water quality after treatment is shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 effluent quality of membrane sludge coupling sewage treatment process
PH COD cr BOD 5 NH 3 -N TN P SS
6-9 30 5 2 12 0.4 8
The primary A standard of effluent in GB18918-2002 is shown in Table 5:
TABLE 5 first class A Standard effluent requirements
PH COD cr BOD 5 NH 3 -N TN P SS
6-9 50 10 5(8) 15 0.5 10
The invention is in the conventional A 2 The membrane-hanging biological rotating disk is added in the process mainly based on the/O process, and the biological rotating disk adopts a mode of high-concentration sewage inlet and high-concentration sewage outlet so as to make the biological rotating disk hydrolyze macromolecular substances in the sewage into micromolecular substances under the aerobic condition, and the subsequent A process is implemented 2 the/O process then continues to complete further catabolism of the contaminant. As can be seen from the above processing results, compared with the conventional A 2 The treatment process of the invention improves the effluent water quality standard from first grade B to first grade A under the condition that the water treatment is increased by 60-85%, not only the treatment effect is better, but also the efficiency is greatly improved. The sewage treatment process realizes the coupling effect of the biomembrane method and the activated sludge method, and greatly improves the efficiency and the effect of sewage treatment.

Claims (5)

1. The membrane sludge coupling sewage treatment process comprises a pretreatment process, a biochemical treatment process and a post-treatment process, and is characterized in that:
the biochemical treatment process comprises a biomembrane method treatment unit and an activated sludge treatment unit, wherein the biomembrane method treatment unit is positioned in front of an aerobic section of the activated sludge treatment unit, and the retention time of sewage in the biomembrane method treatment unit is 0.05-0.5h, so that high-concentration inlet water and high-concentration outlet water in the biomembrane method treatment unit are enabled to generate higher-concentration biomass and higher-concentration extracellular enzyme, macromolecular substances are accelerated to be hydrolyzed into small molecular substances, and the small molecular substances are easy to permeate into cells;
the biomembrane method treatment unit hydrolyzes macromolecular substances into micromolecular substances under aerobic conditions, and the activated sludge treatment unit catabolizes pollutants;
the biofilm method processing unit adopts a biological rotating disc.
2. The membrane sludge coupled wastewater treatment process of claim 1, wherein: in the biofilm method treatment unit, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is 1-6mg/L.
3. The membrane sludge coupled wastewater treatment process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the pretreatment procedure comprises at least one of a water collecting tank, a grid, a grit chamber, a primary settling tank and an adjusting tank.
4. The membrane sludge coupled wastewater treatment process as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the activated sludge treatment unit comprises AO and A 2 At least one of O, oxidation ditch and SBR.
5. The membrane sludge coupled wastewater treatment process of claim 4, wherein: the post-treatment process comprises at least one of a sedimentation tank, a filtering tank and a disinfection tank.
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