CN112028115A - Cadmium sulfide quantum dot and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cadmium sulfide quantum dot and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112028115A CN112028115A CN202010984100.8A CN202010984100A CN112028115A CN 112028115 A CN112028115 A CN 112028115A CN 202010984100 A CN202010984100 A CN 202010984100A CN 112028115 A CN112028115 A CN 112028115A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cadmium sulfide quantum dot and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: placing plant tubers containing starch in a container, adding water, heating for leaching, cooling, and filtering to obtain plant leaching liquor containing starch; and adding thioacetamide and cadmium sulfate, stirring, placing in an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting at the temperature of 121 ℃ under the condition of 102kPa, and cooling to obtain the cadmium sulfide quantum dots. The method adopts plant leaching liquor containing starch as a stabilizer and a modifier, and prepares the cadmium sulfide quantum dots in situ in one step in a short reaction time under the conditions of low temperature and low pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nano material preparation, in particular to a cadmium sulfide quantum dot and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The quantum dots have excellent fluorescence characteristics such as high fluorescence quantum yield and stable luminescence. The most important II-IV group semiconductor has the characteristics of narrow band gap of 2.42eV, quantum confinement, surface area and the like, and has good optical, electrochemical and fluorescent properties, so that the II-IV group semiconductor has wide application in the detection fields of metals, medicaments and the like. It is well known that the performance of cadmium sulfide nanomaterials depends to a large extent on their size and spatial structure. Therefore, in recent years, efforts have been made to produce cadmium sulfide nanomaterials having desired sizes and structures by various methods. Common preparation methods are high temperature pyrolysis, sol-gel method, microemulsion method, precipitation method and hydrothermal method. The following situations exist in the prior art: the cadmium sulfide nano material with controllable dispersity, crystalline phase, composition, average grain diameter and forbidden bandwidth is obtained through a high-temperature pyrolysis method; obtaining cadmium sulfide nano microsphere liquid with a hexagonal wurtzite structure with the diameter of about 500-1200nm under the hydrothermal condition of cadmium acetate and thiourea; using water as a solvent, and obtaining a nano cadmium sulfide rod-shaped object under the hydrothermal condition of a mixed solution of cadmium nitrate, thiourea and glutathione; synthesizing cadmium sulfide nano particles with a hexagonal wurtzite structure by using water, oil, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and ethylenediamine as media; cadmium sulfide particles with cubic structures and cadmium sulfide nanotubes mixed by sphalerite and wurtzite are prepared by a sol-gel method. The method has the defects of long preparation process time and complicated steps, the surface of the cadmium sulfide quantum dot needs to be modified in order to improve the water solubility of the cadmium sulfide quantum dot, surface active substances or template agents such as cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, ethylenediamine and the like are generally added, the substances can pollute and poison human bodies and the environment, the cost is too high, the prepared quantum dot has poor water dispersibility, cannot be directly applied, and the surface of the quantum dot needs to be modified subsequently. At present, no relevant report exists for preparing cadmium sulfide quantum dots by using starch-containing plant tubers as raw materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a green preparation method of cadmium sulfide quantum dots, which adopts plant leaching liquor containing starch as a stabilizer and a modifier, and can prepare the cadmium sulfide quantum dots in situ in one step in a short reaction time under the conditions of low temperature and pressure.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of cadmium sulfide quantum dots, which comprises the following steps:
placing plant tubers containing starch in a container, adding water, heating for leaching, cooling, and filtering to obtain plant leaching liquor containing starch; and adding thioacetamide and cadmium sulfate, stirring, placing in an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting at the temperature of 121 ℃ under the condition of 102kPa, and cooling to obtain the cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
Preferably, the starch-containing plant tuber is selected from one or more of potato, sweet potato, taro, yam and lotus root.
Preferably, the amount of the starch-containing plant tuber is 50-200 parts, the amount of the thioacetamide is 1-5.6 parts, and the amount of the cadmium sulfate is 100-300 parts by weight.
Preferably, the heating leaching temperature is 100 +/-5 ℃, and the leaching time is 20-60 min.
Preferably, the reaction time is 20-60 min.
The invention also provides a cadmium sulfide quantum dot.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the plant tuber leaching product containing the starch contains various organic substances of hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl and sulfydryl, so that the purposes of modifying the quantum dots and improving the dispersibility of the quantum dots in water can be realized, the starch in the leaching solution can provide a stable liquid environment similar to colloid, the crystal growth of the cadmium sulfide quantum dots is facilitated, and finally the cadmium sulfide quantum dots are wrapped and protected by the starch liquid, so that the consistency of the particle size of the cadmium sulfide quantum dots is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a fluorescence emission spectrum of cadmium sulfide quantum dots and potato extract of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the fluorescence effect of the potato extract prepared in example 1 and cadmium sulfide quantum dots under the condition of ultraviolet illumination or not;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of XRD spectrum of cadmium sulfide quantum dots and standard substance spectrum in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) image of cadmium sulfide quantum dots of example 1;
fig. 5 is a static comparison graph of the cadmium sulfide quantum dots prepared in comparative example 1 and example 1.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
Weighing 200g of potato, peeling, cutting into pieces, and placing in a clean beaker for later use. Adding 500ml of deionized water into a beaker in which the potatoes are put, heating to boil, timing, boiling for 30min, cooling to room temperature, filtering by eight layers of gauze, and supplementing deionized water into the filtrate to 1L to obtain the potato leaching liquor.
Sequentially adding 5.6g of Thioacetamide (TAA) and 275mg of cadmium sulfate into the potato leaching liquor, uniformly stirring, subpackaging in 12 conical bottles of 150ml, sealing, putting into an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting for 20min at 121 ℃ under 102kPa, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the uniformly dispersed cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
Fluorescence emission spectrum detection is carried out on the cadmium sulfide quantum dot solution and the potato leaching solution prepared in the example 1 (shown in a figure 1), and meanwhile, the fact that the potato leaching solution and the cadmium sulfide quantum dot solution are subjected to fluorescence effect comparison under the condition of ultraviolet illumination or not (shown in a figure 2) is determined, and the result shows that the potato leaching solution does not influence the absorption and emission of fluorescence. Meanwhile, the cadmium sulfide quantum dots of example 1 are subjected to XRD (X-ray diffraction) spectrum analysis, and are compared with a standard substance spectrum (shown in figure 3), and subjected to Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) (shown in figure 4).
Example 2
Weighing 60g of sweet potatoes, peeling, cutting into blocks, and placing in a clean beaker for later use. Adding 500ml of deionized water into a beaker in which the sweet potato slices are placed, heating to boil, timing, boiling for 20min, cooling to room temperature, filtering with eight layers of gauze, and supplementing deionized water to 1L to the filtrate to obtain the sweet potato leaching liquor.
Sequentially adding 1.2g of Thioacetamide (TAA) and 125mg of cadmium sulfate into the sweet potato leaching liquor, uniformly stirring, subpackaging in 13 conical bottles of 150ml, sealing, putting into an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting for 20min at 121 ℃ under 102kPa, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the uniformly dispersed cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
Example 3
Weighing 60g of taro and 50g of sweet potato, peeling, cutting into pieces, and placing in a clean beaker for later use. Adding 500ml of deionized water into a beaker in which taro and sweet potato slices are placed, heating to boil, timing, boiling for 22min, cooling to room temperature, filtering with eight layers of gauze, and supplementing deionized water to 1L to the filtrate to obtain a taro and sweet potato mixed leaching solution.
And sequentially adding 4.3g of Thioacetamide (TAA) and 220mg of cadmium sulfate into the mixed leaching liquor, uniformly stirring, subpackaging in 20 conical bottles of 150ml, sealing, putting into an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting for 23min at the temperature of 121 ℃ and under the pressure of 102kPa, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the uniformly dispersed cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
Example 4
Weighing 45g of Chinese yam, 25g of potato and 80g of lotus root, peeling, cutting into pieces, and placing in a clean beaker for later use. Adding 500ml of deionized water into a beaker in which the Chinese yam, the potato and the lotus root are mixed and cut into blocks, heating to boil, timing, boiling for 40min, cooling to room temperature, filtering by eight layers of gauze, and supplementing deionized water into the filtrate to 1L to obtain a mixed leaching solution.
And sequentially adding 5.1g of Thioacetamide (TAA) and 234mg of cadmium sulfate into the mixed leaching liquor, uniformly stirring, subpackaging in 18 conical bottles of 150ml, sealing, putting into an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting for 26min at the temperature of 121 ℃ and under the pressure of 102kPa, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the uniformly dispersed cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
Example 5
Weighing 30g of lotus root, 35g of Chinese yam, 30g of potato, 60g of taro and 45g of sweet potato, peeling, cutting into pieces, and placing in a clean beaker for later use. Adding 500ml of deionized water into the beaker with the mixed blocks, heating to boil, timing, boiling for 30min, cooling to room temperature, filtering with eight layers of gauze, and adding deionized water into the filtrate to 1L to obtain mixed leaching liquor.
Sequentially adding 2.4g of Thioacetamide (TAA) and 146mg of cadmium sulfate into the mixed leaching liquor, uniformly stirring, subpackaging in 22 conical bottles of 150ml, sealing, placing in a pressure steam sterilizer, reacting for 40min at 121 ℃ under 102kPa, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the uniformly dispersed cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the potato was replaced by pure soluble starch.
The product prepared is plotted against example 1, as shown in figure 5. As can be seen from the figure, the cadmium sulfide quantum dots prepared by the potato leaching liquor in the left example 1 are seen to be in fluorescent yellow, and the quantum dots are uniformly dispersed in the solution. The right side is cadmium sulfide prepared by using soluble starch under the same reaction conditions, the dispersion of the cadmium sulfide is not uniform, the solution is light yellow, and the bottom is obviously precipitated by the cadmium sulfide. This phenomenon indicates that the cadmium sulfide particles prepared by using soluble starch are large and cannot reach the level of nanoparticles, and it is demonstrated that not only starch but also various hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups and sulfydryl groups in amino acids, vitamins, minerals, polyphenols and the like which are rich in potato leaching liquor play a key role in the synthesis process have a positive influence on the generation of aqueous cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the autoclave was replaced with an electron vapor pressure sterilizer.
Experimental results show that the prepared cadmium sulfide is large-particle-shaped and cannot form quantum dots, and the reason is that the electronic steam sterilization pot can automatically relieve pressure, and the pressure is relatively stable under the condition of providing a constant temperature, so that the waterborne cadmium sulfide quantum dots can be prepared. Meanwhile, the cadmium sulfide quantum dots with good dispersibility cannot be prepared by adopting other reaction vessels, probably because other devices cannot provide an environment with relatively stable pressure at constant temperature and an automatic pressure relief function of an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot is not provided, the prepared cadmium sulfide is in large particles or has poor dispersibility.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the temperature of the pressure steam sterilizer was set to 130 ℃.
The result shows that the cadmium sulfide quantum dots can not be synthesized.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the temperature of the pressure steam sterilizer was set to 110 ℃.
The result shows that the synthesized cadmium sulfide quantum dots have poor dispersibility.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the pressure in the pressure steam sterilizer was set to 110 kPa.
The results show that: cadmium sulfide quantum dots cannot be synthesized.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the pressure in the pressure steam sterilizer was set to 90 kPa.
The result shows that the synthesized cadmium sulfide quantum dots have poor dispersibility.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of cadmium sulfide quantum dots is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing plant tubers containing starch in a container, adding water, heating for leaching, cooling, and filtering to obtain plant leaching liquor containing starch; and adding thioacetamide and cadmium sulfate, stirring, placing in an electronic steam pressure sterilization pot, reacting at the temperature of 121 ℃ under the condition of 102kPa, and cooling to obtain the cadmium sulfide quantum dots.
2. The method for preparing cadmium sulfide quantum dots according to claim 1, wherein the starch-containing plant tubers are selected from one or more of potatoes, sweet potatoes, taros, yams and lotus roots.
3. The method for preparing cadmium sulfide quantum dots according to claim 1, wherein the starch-containing tubers are used in an amount of 50-200 parts, the thioacetamide is used in an amount of 1-5.6 parts, and the cadmium sulfate is used in an amount of 100-300 parts by weight.
4. The method for preparing the cadmium sulfide quantum dot according to claim 1, wherein the heating leaching temperature is 100 +/-5 ℃, and the leaching time is 20-60 min.
5. The method for preparing cadmium sulfide quantum dots according to claim 1, wherein the reaction time is 20-60 min.
6. A cadmium sulfide quantum dot prepared according to the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN113755164A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-07 | 汕头职业技术学院 | Green and environment-friendly cadmium sulfide quantum dot preparation and manufacturing process |
| CN115532286A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-30 | 河北地质大学 | MoS 2 Quantum dot/Bi 2 WO 6 Preparation method and application of heterojunction type composite catalyst |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113755164A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-07 | 汕头职业技术学院 | Green and environment-friendly cadmium sulfide quantum dot preparation and manufacturing process |
| CN115532286A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-30 | 河北地质大学 | MoS 2 Quantum dot/Bi 2 WO 6 Preparation method and application of heterojunction type composite catalyst |
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