CN112023463B - Full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system - Google Patents
Full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112023463B CN112023463B CN202010873607.6A CN202010873607A CN112023463B CN 112023463 B CN112023463 B CN 112023463B CN 202010873607 A CN202010873607 A CN 202010873607A CN 112023463 B CN112023463 B CN 112023463B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4631—Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of sewage filtering equipment, in particular to a full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system which comprises an equipment shell, a water inlet pipe, a clean water chamber, a filtering chamber, a sewage discharging barrel and an air supply assembly. The clean water chamber is positioned at the upper part of the equipment, the filter chamber is positioned at the lower part of the clean water chamber, the clean water chamber and the filter chamber are separated by a ladder-shaped filter chamber top which is tightly sealed, the water inlet pipe vertically extends into the filter chamber from the upper part of the clean water chamber, and the lower opening is connected with the filter chamber top; the bottom of the sewage discharge cylinder extends into the filtering chamber, and the sewage discharge cylinder comprises a backwashing pump; by adopting the invention, the advanced treatment and the water quality enhancement of the effluent of the sewage system are realized through the water inlet pipe, the clear water chamber, the filter chamber, the sewage discharging barrel and the air supply assembly, and the problems of substandard effluent SS, complex filter system and water and energy consumption are solved. The invention is generally suitable for tail end strengthening treatment of municipal domestic sewage, rural domestic sewage, sewage of dispersed pollution sources and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage filtering equipment, in particular to a full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system.
Background
In a secondary process sewage treatment system taking a biological process as a main body in the market, due to the defects of poor water quality of inlet water, lack of tertiary treatment, insufficient retention time or too high load limited by the total volume of integrated equipment and the like, indexes such as SS (suspended solid) in outlet water are easy to exceed standards, filtration is a conventional treatment process of water treatment, and about 10-20% of suspended impurities in insoluble impurities need to be removed by virtue of a filtration process.
For sewage with lower organic matter concentration in the inlet water quality, the problems of poor flocculation property of activated sludge, sludge leakage in a secondary sedimentation tank, over-low front-end process load and over-standard SS in outlet water easily occur in a treatment system of the sewage. The filtering system in the market has the phenomena of complex structure, high energy consumption due to high-pressure backwashing and large water consumption due to full washing; due to the structural characteristics of a part of filtering systems and the problem of selection of the particle size of the filtering material, the fine filtering material can be discharged together with water during backwashing, so that the filtering precision is reduced due to material leakage, and the service life of the system is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment system with simple structure, clear function division, high purification efficiency and two-stage backwashing filtration.
A full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system comprises an equipment shell, a water inlet pipe, a clear water chamber, a filtering chamber, a sewage discharging barrel and an air supply assembly;
the clean water chamber is positioned at the upper part of the interior of the equipment, the filter chamber is positioned at the lower part of the clean water chamber, and a water outlet is formed in one side of the wall of the clean water chamber; the water inlet pipe vertically extends into the filtering chamber from the upper part of the clean water chamber, and the lower opening of the water inlet pipe is connected with the top of the filtering chamber; an air outlet is arranged above the water inlet pipe; a water stopper is arranged below the water inlet pipe; one side of the bottom of the filtering chamber is provided with an evacuation port;
the sewage discharge cylinder is vertically positioned in the clean water chamber, and the bottom of the sewage discharge cylinder extends into the filtering chamber and is fixed on the side wall of the clean water chamber through the supporting legs; a backwashing pump is installed in the sewage discharge cylinder, and the automatic start and stop are controlled by the combination of the floating ball liquid level meter and the central control component;
the gas supply assembly comprises a backwashing gas pipe and an aeration branch pipe, and the backwashing gas pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve; the backwashing air pipe penetrates through the sewage discharge barrel and extends into the bottom of the filtering chamber, and the backwashing air pipe is not communicated with the top penetrating pipe of the filtering chamber.
Furthermore, the middle of the clean water chamber and the filter chamber is separated by a sealed and strict trapezoidal filter chamber top, the filter chamber top has a gas evacuation function, backwash gas is guided to overflow from the water inlet pipe, and accumulated gas is prevented from being pumped into the backwash pump when the backwash pump discharges water, so that cavitation erosion is prevented from damaging the backwash pump.
Furthermore, a filter plate is arranged at the bottom in the filter chamber and is fixed by a filter plate bracket; a plurality of filter caps, aeration branch pipes and a filter material layer are uniformly distributed on the filter plate from bottom to top in sequence; the clean water pipe extends into the clean water chamber from the bottom of the filtering chamber and conveys filtered water to the clean water chamber.
Furthermore, a material cleaning port is reserved in the middle height of the side surface of the filtering chamber and used for unloading the filler reaching the service life and replacing the new filler.
Furthermore, the three-way pipe fitting of the water inlet pipe is used for water inlet, the upper short branch is opened to be an air outlet, the lower branch valve is used for controlling water inlet, and the water inlet is used as a gas emptying pipeline when a backwashing program is started.
Further, the thickness of the filter material layer is 500-700 mm; two groups of clean water pipes are arranged in the filtering chamber in a staggered way, and the pipe diameters of the clean water pipes are DN50mm-DN80 mm.
Furthermore, the upper end of the sewage discharge cylinder is close to the equipment shell, the diameter of the sewage discharge cylinder is phi 300 mm-phi 600mm, the upper part of the sewage discharge cylinder is open, the bottom of the sewage discharge cylinder is sealed by a sewage discharge cylinder bottom plate with meshes, and the inside of the sewage discharge cylinder is used for containing a backwashing pump.
Furthermore, the equipment shell is made of carbon steel and is provided with structural reinforcing ribs.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the specific implementation process of the invention, inlet water enters the system through the water inlet pipe and directly enters the filtering chamber at the bottom, the water stopper is arranged below the water inlet pipe to block the impact of the inlet water and relieve the water distribution, and the filter material in the filtering chamber is prevented from being unevenly distributed because the water head of the water inlet pipe impacts the filler below. The inlet water is filtered layer by layer through the filter material, the residual colloid, SS and other substances in the water are intercepted and adsorbed, the clarified produced water enters the clear water pipe from the bottom of the filter chamber, rises to overflow into the clear water chamber, and then overflows out of the system from the water outlet 7.
When the gap of the filter material is basically in an adsorption saturation state when the working time of the filter material is too long, the problems of turbidity increase and water yield reduction of filtered water occur, the filtering pressure in the filter chamber is continuously increased at the moment, the difficulty of water outlet filtering is gradually increased, the liquid level in the sewage discharge cylinder is finally increased continuously, the floating ball liquid level meter which captures the high liquid level in the sewage discharge cylinder transmits signals to the central control assembly at the moment, and the backwashing flow is started. The front sewage treatment system continues to operate without termination. According to the established control program, the filter chamber is firstly started to carry out primary air washing, an electromagnetic valve on a backwashing air pipe is started, an aeration branch pipe exposes gas, bubbles rush the surface of the filter material from a gap of the filter material, the impact of the gas drives the friction between filter material particles to be intensified, the hardening between the filter materials is broken, the falling of solid impurity particles is accelerated, and the solid impurity particles blocking the filter material are stripped and carried upwards to overflow by the bubbles. The gas is collected at the highest position of the top of the filter chamber, is extruded to the water inlet pipe under the pressure of the water head and overflows out of the system from the upper part of the filter chamber, and the gas is timely evacuated to avoid the damage of cavitation caused by the suction of the backwashing pump. After the set aeration time is over, basically disturbing the impurities blocked on the surface of the filter material to be in a loose state or being stripped, starting secondary flowing water cleaning, pumping waste liquid containing solid impurity particles by a backwashing pump to pass through a drain outlet discharge system, pumping away the waste liquid in the filter chamber, continuously returning the reclaimed water in the clean water chamber to the filter chamber, and carrying out secondary reverse washing on the filter material by taking the reclaimed water in the clean water chamber as a washing water source. The waste liquid emptying is the emptying in the upward antigravity direction, and the system can be effectively prevented from overflowing fine filter materials along with the waste liquid. When the floating ball liquid level meter collects and catches the low liquid level in the sewage discharge cylinder, the backwashing pump stops running, the backwashing program of the system is finished, and the filtering system continues unpowered filtering work.
The invention can be arranged at the tail end of the integrated sewage treatment equipment as a filtering unit, and can also utilize an independent equipment shell as a three-stage treatment unit of a sewage system or a standard-reaching auxiliary process unit for three-stage treatment. The filtering system is unpowered in daily operation; the first-stage air washing and the second-stage flowing water washing are combined, and the efficient two-stage backwashing function is achieved; the functional area is clearly divided, the structure is simple, a complex processing technology is not needed, the space in the filtering system is reasonably used as a clear water chamber, the functional units of the equipment are increased, the total occupied area is saved, and a flushing water source during secondary backwashing is provided; the large-size sewage discharging cylinder is arranged, so that the upward flow counter-gravity reverse sewage discharging is realized, the sewage discharging power is sufficient, and the material leakage is avoided; the backwashing process is rapid and efficient, and the sewage system can continuously run. The invention strengthens the effluent quality of the sewage system, solves the problem that the effluent SS of the biological process does not reach the standard, realizes the advanced treatment of the sewage, and has simple structure, convenient backwashing, high efficiency and low consumption. The invention is generally suitable for the tail end water outlet strengthening treatment of municipal domestic sewage treatment systems, rural domestic sewage treatment systems, dispersed pollution source sewage treatment systems and the like
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic left side view of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-water inlet pipe, 101-water stopping device, 102-air outlet, 2-clean water pipe, 3-clean water chamber, 4-filter chamber, 401-filter chamber top, 402-filter material layer, 403-filter plate, 404-filter cap, 405-filter plate bracket, 5-sewage discharging cylinder, 501-sewage discharging cylinder bottom plate, 502-backwashing pump, 503-sewage outlet, 504-supporting leg, 6-backwashing air pipe, 601-aeration branch pipe, 602-electromagnetic valve, 7-water outlet, 8-air exhausting port, 9-clean water port and 10-equipment shell.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a fully automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system comprises 10 equipment shells, 1 water inlet pipe, 3 clean water chamber, 4 filtering chamber, 5 sewage discharging barrel and air supply component;
the clean water chamber 3 is positioned at the upper part of the interior of the equipment, the filter chamber 4 is positioned at the lower part of the clean water chamber 3, and a water outlet 7 is arranged at one side of the wall of the clean water chamber 3; the water outlet 7 is in a form of an external flange, clean reclaimed water is in the clear water chamber 3, and the reclaimed water overflows the system through the water outlet 7; the water inlet pipe 1 vertically extends into the filter chamber 4 from the upper part of the clean water chamber 3, and the lower opening of the water inlet pipe 1 is connected with the top of the filter chamber 401 of the filter chamber 4; an exhaust port 102 is arranged above the water inlet pipe 1; 1, a water blocking device 101 is arranged below the water inlet pipe; one side of the bottom of the 4-filter chamber is provided with 8 emptying ports; used for emptying the sewage in the system.
The 5 sewage discharge cylinder is vertically positioned inside the 3 clear water chamber, and the bottom of the sewage discharge cylinder extends into the 4 filtering chamber; 5 the sewage draining cylinder is fixed on the side wall of the 3 clean water chamber through 504 supporting legs; a 502 backwashing pump is installed in the 5 sewage discharge cylinder, and the automatic start and stop are controlled by the combination of the floating ball liquid level meter and the central control assembly;
the gas supply assembly comprises a 6-backwashing gas pipe and a 601 aeration branch pipe, and a 602 electromagnetic valve is arranged on the 6-backwashing gas pipe; the 6-backwashing gas pipe penetrates through the 5-sewage discharge cylinder and extends into the bottom of the 4-filter chamber, and the 6-backwashing gas pipe does not penetrate through the top of the 401-filter chamber;
the middle of the 3 clear water chamber and the 4 filter chamber is separated by a sealed and strict trapezoidal filter chamber top, the 401 filter chamber top has a gas evacuation function, backwash gas is guided to overflow from the 1 water inlet pipe, and accumulated gas is prevented from being pumped into the 502 backwash pump when the 502 backwash pump discharges water, and cavitation damage is caused to the 502 backwash pump;
4, a 403 filter plate is arranged at the bottom in the filter chamber, and the 403 filter plate is fixed through a 405 filter plate bracket; a plurality of 404 filter caps, 601 aeration branch pipes and 402 filter material layers are uniformly distributed on the 403 filter plate from bottom to top in sequence; the inlet water enters from the upper part of the 4 filter chambers, and macromolecular solid particles and colloid in the water are intercepted under the filtering action of the filter material; the clean water pipe 2 extends into the clean water chamber 3 from the bottom of the filter chamber 4, and filtered water is conveyed to the clean water chamber 3.
In the practice of the present invention;
the invention can be arranged at the tail end of the integrated sewage treatment equipment to be used as a filtering unit, and can also be used as a three-stage treatment unit of a sewage system or a standard-reaching auxiliary process unit for three-stage treatment by utilizing an independent equipment shell. The filtering system is unpowered in daily operation; the first-stage air washing and the second-stage flowing water washing are combined, and the efficient two-stage backwashing function is achieved; the functional area is clearly divided, the structure is simple, a complex processing technology is not needed, the space in the filtering system is reasonably used as a clear water chamber, the functional units of the equipment are increased, the total occupied area is saved, and a flushing water source during secondary backwashing is provided; the large-size sewage discharging cylinder is arranged, so that the upward flow counter-gravity reverse sewage discharging is realized, the sewage discharging power is sufficient, and the material leakage is avoided; the backwashing process is rapid and efficient, and the sewage system can continuously run. The invention strengthens the effluent quality of the sewage system, solves the problem that the effluent SS of the biological process does not reach the standard, realizes the advanced treatment of the sewage, and has simple structure, convenient backwashing, high efficiency and low consumption. The invention is generally suitable for tail end effluent strengthening treatment of municipal domestic sewage treatment systems, rural domestic sewage treatment systems, dispersed pollution source sewage treatment systems and the like.
In the embodiment, furthermore, a 9 clear material port is reserved at the middle height of the side surface of the 4 filter chambers and is used for unloading the filler reaching the service life and replacing the filler with new filler.
In this embodiment, further, the water inlet pipe 1 is provided with a three-way pipe, the upper short branch is opened to form an air outlet, the lower branch valve controls water inlet, and the three-way pipe is used as a gas emptying pipeline when a backwashing program is started.
In this embodiment, further, the thickness of the 402 filter material layer is 500mm to 700 mm; two groups of clean water pipes are arranged in the 4-filter chamber in a staggered way, and the pipe diameter of the 2-clean water pipe is DN50mm-DN80 mm.
In the embodiment, furthermore, the upper end of the 5-type sewage draining cylinder is close to the 10 equipment shell, the diameter of the 5-type sewage draining cylinder is 300mm to 600mm, the upper part of the 5-type sewage draining cylinder is open, the bottom of the 5-type sewage draining cylinder is sealed by a 501-type sewage draining cylinder bottom plate with meshes, and the inside of the 5-type sewage draining cylinder is used for containing 502 backwashing pumps.
In this embodiment, further, the 10 equipment housings are made of carbon steel and provided with structural reinforcing ribs.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the accompanying claims.
Claims (5)
1. A filtering method of a full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system is characterized in that the filtering system comprises an equipment shell (10), a water inlet pipe (1), a clear water chamber (3), a filtering chamber (4), a sewage discharging barrel (5) and an air supply assembly;
the clean water chamber (3) is positioned at the upper part of the interior of the equipment, the filter chamber (4) is positioned at the lower part of the clean water chamber (3), and a water outlet (7) is formed in one side of the wall of the clean water chamber (3); the water inlet pipe (1) vertically extends into the filtering chamber (4) from the upper part of the clear water chamber (3), and the lower opening of the water inlet pipe (1) is connected with the top (401) of the filtering chamber (4); an air outlet (102) is arranged above the water inlet pipe (1); a water stopper (101) is arranged below the water inlet pipe (1); one side of the bottom of the filtering chamber (4) is provided with a drain opening (8);
the sewage draining cylinder (5) is vertically positioned inside the clear water chamber (3), and the bottom of the sewage draining cylinder (5) extends into the filtering chamber (4); the sewage draining cylinder (5) is fixed on the side wall of the clean water chamber (3) through a supporting leg (504); a backwashing pump (502) is installed in the sewage discharge cylinder (5), and automatic start and stop are controlled by the combination of the floating ball liquid level meter and the central control assembly;
the gas supply assembly comprises a backwashing gas pipe (6) and an aeration branch pipe (601), and the backwashing gas pipe (6) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (602); the backwashing gas pipe (6) penetrates through the sewage discharge barrel (5) and extends into the bottom of the filtering chamber (4), and the backwashing gas pipe is not communicated with the top (401) of the filtering chamber;
the middle of the clear water chamber (3) and the filtering chamber (4) is separated by a sealed and strict trapezoidal filtering chamber top (401), the filtering chamber top (401) has a gas evacuation function, backwash gas is guided to overflow from a water inlet pipe, and accumulated gas is prevented from being pumped into the backwashing pump when the backwashing pump drains water, so that cavitation erosion is prevented from damaging the backwashing pump (502);
a filter plate (403) is arranged at the bottom in the filter chamber (4), and the filter plate (403) is fixed through a filter plate (405) bracket; a plurality of filter caps (404), aeration branch pipes (601) and a filter material layer (402) are uniformly distributed on the filter plate (403) from bottom to top in sequence; the clear water pipe (2) extends into the clear water chamber (3) from the bottom of the filter chamber (4) and conveys the filtered water to the clear water chamber (3);
a material cleaning port (9) is reserved in the middle height of the side surface of the filtering chamber (4) and is used for unloading the filler reaching the service life and replacing new filler;
the filtering method comprises the following steps:
(1) when the working time of the filter material is too long and the gap of the filter material is basically in an adsorption saturation state, a floating ball liquid level meter which captures the high liquid level in the sewage discharge cylinder transmits a signal to the central control assembly, and the backwashing flow is started;
(2) according to a set control program, the filter chamber is firstly started to carry out primary gas washing, an electromagnetic valve on a backwashing gas pipe is started, and a gas is exposed from an aeration branch pipe;
(3) after the set aeration time is over, starting secondary flowing water cleaning, enabling the reclaimed water in the clean water chamber to continuously flow back to the filtering chamber, and performing secondary reverse water cleaning on the filter material by taking the reclaimed water in the clean water chamber as a cleaning water source;
(4) when the floating ball liquid level meter collects and catches the low liquid level in the sewage discharge cylinder, the backwashing pump stops running, the backwashing program of the system is finished, and the filtering system continues unpowered filtering work.
2. The filtering method of a full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet pipe (1) is filled with water through a three-way pipe, an upper short branch is opened to form an air outlet (102), a lower branch valve controls water inlet, and a gas emptying pipeline is used when a backwashing program is started.
3. The filtering method of a fully automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the filter material layer (402) is 500mm-700 mm; two groups of clean water pipes (2) are arranged in the filter chamber (4) in a staggered way, and the pipe diameter of the clean water pipes is DN50mm-DN80 mm.
4. A method of filtering a fully automatic two stage backwash sewage filter system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the blowdown drum (5) has an upper end adjacent the equipment housing (10) and a diameter of 300mm to 600mm, is open at the upper end, is closed at the bottom by a meshed blowdown drum (501) and is internally adapted to contain a backwash pump (502).
5. The filtering method of a full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system according to claim 1, wherein the equipment shell (10) is made of carbon steel and is provided with structural reinforcing ribs.
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CN202010873607.6A CN112023463B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system |
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CN202010873607.6A CN112023463B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Full-automatic two-stage backwashing sewage filtering system |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102537490A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-07-04 | 黄江峰 | Buoyancy valve, hydraulic automatic full-plastic aeration circulation filter and filter combination |
CN103252118A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 江苏瑞盛水处理有限公司 | Gravity type air scrubbing filter pool |
CN209161794U (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-07-26 | 广州鹏凯环境科技股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for handling the integrated high-efficiency sewage treatment device of city domestic sewage |
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2020
- 2020-08-26 CN CN202010873607.6A patent/CN112023463B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102537490A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-07-04 | 黄江峰 | Buoyancy valve, hydraulic automatic full-plastic aeration circulation filter and filter combination |
CN103252118A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 江苏瑞盛水处理有限公司 | Gravity type air scrubbing filter pool |
CN209161794U (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-07-26 | 广州鹏凯环境科技股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for handling the integrated high-efficiency sewage treatment device of city domestic sewage |
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