CN112023263A - Remote monitoring household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a remote-monitoring household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system, which comprises a main circuit (1), a micro-control unit (2), a display screen (3), a communication module (7), a mobile terminal application program (8), an AD conversion module (6), an electrode array (9), a decoding circuit (10) and an isolation driving circuit (11); the main circuit (1) comprises an adaptive power supply (12), a buck-boost chopper circuit (13), a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) and an IGBT selection array (15) which are connected with one another; each electrode of the electrode array needs to be controlled by two IGBTs, one electrode is controlled by the two IGBTs, cathode and anode control of the electrode is respectively realized, control signals of the two IGBTs for controlling the same electrode need to be interlocked, and high-precision stimulation and multi-focus stimulation to specific parts of the brain are realized by controlling the connection and disconnection of the cathode and the anode of each electrode. The transcranial current stimulation system is suitable for the use of the user at home.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of biomedicine and neural engineering, and has wide application prospect in the treatment and rehabilitation of neuropsychiatric diseases and brain function exploration.
Background
Neuropsychiatric disease has been recognized worldwide as a major public health problem with significant morbidity and mortality. According to the report of the world health organization, the incidence rate of mental diseases is close to or even exceeds 35% in many countries, and particularly in recent years, depression is the fifth world-wide disease after serious diseases such as AIDS and heart disease due to the reasons of life rhythm, working pressure and the like. According to the data (2017) of the mental health center of the Chinese disease control center, the following steps are displayed: the number of various mental patients in China exceeds 1 hundred million, and the mental patients live at the first place in the world. The economic, domestic, social and medical burden imposed by such brain diseases has become the largest of all the disease burdens. Currently, there are 3 main methods for treating neuropsychiatric diseases: pharmacotherapy, surgery and psychological intervention. The pharmacotherapy is a common treatment method at present, mainly utilizes medicaments to block neurotransmitter receptors, but the medicament treatment generally can not radically cure diseases, has large side effect and can cause a series of complications, and the phenomenon of drug resistance can occur after long-term administration; the operation has certain risks, irreversible damage can be brought to the body of a patient, the curative effect of the operation is uncertain, the operation can be effective in a short time, but the long-term effect is not good, and sequelae are certainly generated; psychological intervention is mainly applied to the treatment of mild mental diseases or as an adjuvant therapy of drug therapy, and is not suitable for the treatment of severe diseases. In addition to the 3 methods mentioned above, there is also an invasive therapy, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), which is mainly to implant Stimulation electrodes into the Brain of a patient and then to stimulate some nerve nuclei Deep in the Brain using a pulse generator to modulate their electrical activity. DBS has a good therapeutic effect in the treatment of dyskinetic disorders (e.g., parkinson's disease, dystonia, etc.), but it is invasive, requiring surgery and in vivo implantation of stimulators. Therefore, the corresponding technical difficulty, medical expenses and side effects are large.
In response to the shortcomings of the above-described methods, humans have devised non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation techniques, which are particularly advantageous in that they stimulate the central nervous system in a non-invasive manner to achieve brain activity modulation and brain function improvement, without surgery, and without the need for an implanted stimulation device. Non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation techniques are divided into suprathreshold and subthreshold, distinguished by stimulation intensity. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), and transcranial noise stimulation (tRNS) are subthreshold non-invasive electrical stimulations that do not directly trigger resting neurons to produce action potentials. The low intensity of the sub-threshold stimulation results in less side effects, greater tolerance and greater safety relative to the above-threshold stimulation.
At present, tDCS, tACS and tRNS devices are on the market, but most of the devices can only realize single-mode current stimulation, and a friendly interactive interface is often lacked. And one major obstacle to transcranial electrical stimulation studies is the need for patients to go to hospitals for repeated treatments lasting weeks or even months, which creates a significant burden on most neuropsychiatric patients and their families. Aiming at different mental diseases, different focal regions often need to be stimulated by current on different brain parts, and stimulation equipment is required to have high-precision positioning capability; or current stimulation needs to be applied to a plurality of parts at the same time, and the stimulation device needs to have the functions of multi-point simultaneous stimulation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing non-invasive electrical stimulation equipment, the invention provides a remote-monitoring household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system, aiming at realizing high-precision positioning stimulation on different brain parts and simultaneous stimulation on a plurality of parts; achieving selectable stimulation of tDCS, tACS, and tRNS; closed-loop control and current amplitude adjustment of current during tDCS stimulation, adjustment of current amplitude, current frequency and current waveform during tACS stimulation and adjustment of noise type during tRNS stimulation are realized; realizing the control of the action time and the starting time of the stimulation; the remote setting, the real-time monitoring and the recording of stimulation history of the mobile terminal are realized; a home transcranial current stimulation device is combined with telemedicine support.
The invention provides a remote monitoring household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system, which can realize high-precision positioning stimulation on different brain parts and simultaneous stimulation on a plurality of brain parts by means of a 16-electrode array, realize multi-parameter adjustability and remote monitoring.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the system comprises a main circuit (1), a micro-control unit (2), a display screen (3), a communication module (7) and a mobile terminal application program (8), and is characterized by further comprising an AD conversion module (6), an electrode array (9), a decoding circuit (10) and an isolation driving circuit (11);
the main circuit (1) comprises an adaptive power supply (12), a buck-boost chopper circuit (13), a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) and an IGBT selection array (15) which are connected with one another; a manual switch (17) is added in the adaptive power supply, the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) comprises four field effect transistors, an adjustable resistor (20) and an adjustable inductor (21) which are connected in series, and all control signals of the micro control unit need to be transmitted to the main circuit (1) through the isolation driving circuit (11) for driving control;
the micro control unit (2) outputs a plurality of paths of control signals, 1 path of signal is input to the adaptive power supply (12) of the main circuit, and the on-off of the field effect tube (19) is controlled, so that the on-off of transcranial current stimulation equipment is controlled, the stimulation starting time and the action time are controlled, and a user only uses a mobile terminal application program (8) to realize the use of a transcranial direct current stimulation system under the closed condition of the manual switch (17); 4 paths of control signals are transmitted to a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) of a main circuit to control 4 field effect transistors, the stimulation frequency is adjusted through periodic on-off, a resistance-inductance load is formed by an adjustable resistor (20) and an adjustable inductor (21), unipolar and bipolar currents can be generated by the blocking effect of the adjustable inductor on the currents, and the control on various current waveforms is realized by combining the on-off control of four field effect transistors;
the micro control unit (2) outputs a plurality of paths of signals for controlling the on-off of the IGBT selection array, and the signals are decoded by the decoding circuit (10) and then control the on-off of the IGBT selection array; each electrode of the electrode array needs to be controlled by two IGBTs, one electrode is controlled by the two IGBTs, cathode and anode control of the electrode is respectively realized, control signals of the two IGBTs for controlling the same electrode need to be interlocked, and high-precision stimulation and multi-focus stimulation to specific parts of the brain are realized by controlling the connection and disconnection of the cathode and the anode of each electrode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that,
the invention can meet the basic requirements of different current stimulation modes such as tDCS and the like, the regulation of stimulation parameters such as stimulation current amplitude, stimulation frequency, stimulation time and the like, mainly realizes the soft switch and soft protection measures of current stimulation equipment, improves the practicability and safety, realizes the high-precision single-point positioning stimulation of different brain parts and the high-precision multi-focus stimulation of a plurality of different brain parts by utilizing the small electrode array, meets the different stimulation requirements of users, develops and designs an application program capable of running on a mobile terminal, is combined with remote medical support, meets the use of the transcranial current stimulation system by the users (mainly patients with various mental diseases) at home, and lightens the burden of the patients and family members thereof.
The invention can realize high-precision positioning stimulation and multi-point simultaneous stimulation to different brain parts; the selection of three current stimulation modes of tDCS, tACS and tRNS can be realized; the current amplitude (0 mA-2 mA) can be adjusted under the stimulation of tDCS; the regulation of current amplitude (0 mA-2 mA), current frequency (1 Hz-2 kHz) and current waveform (triangular wave, sawtooth wave, sine wave, square wave and the like) under the stimulation of tACS can be realized; the selection of noise types (low frequency, intermediate frequency, high frequency and white noise) under the tRNS stimulation can be realized; the setting of a stimulation switch and stimulation time can be realized; the remote monitoring of stimulation parameters and the inquiry of stimulation history by a doctor and a patient through the mobile terminal can be realized according to requirements. In the stimulation range of 0-2mA, the safety to human body can be ensured, and meanwhile, the low-frequency stimulation range is adopted, so that the defects of scorching and uncomfortable feelings on the scalp caused by misoperation of a user and the like in household use can be avoided, the applicability of the product is improved, and the use feeling is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a remotely monitored home high-precision transcranial current stimulation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a mobile terminal application program interface of a remotely monitored home high-precision transcranial current stimulation system;
in the figure:
1. main circuit 2, micro control unit 3, display screen 4, key control 5, buzzer
6. AD conversion module 7, communication module 8, mobile terminal application program 9 and electrode array
10. Decoding circuit 11, isolation drive circuit 12, adaptive power supply 13 and buck-boost chopper circuit
14. Frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit 15, IGBT selection array 16 and rechargeable power supply
17. Manual switch 18, voltage sensor 19, field effect transistor 20 and adjustable resistor
21. Adjustable inductor 22, current sensor 23, IGBT 24 and main interface
25. Stimulation mode selection interface 26, stimulation parameter setting interface 27, and setting information display interface
28. Stimulus recording interface
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system for remote monitoring, which is described in the following with reference to the embodiment and the attached drawings.
The invention relates to a remote-monitoring household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system (see figure 1): the system comprises 11 modules which are connected with each other and respectively comprise a main circuit (1), a micro control unit (2), a display screen (3), a key control part (4), a buzzer (5), an AD conversion module (6), a communication module (7), a mobile terminal application program (8), an electrode array (9), a decoding circuit (10) and an isolation driving circuit (11).
The main circuit (1) comprises an adaptive power supply (12), a buck-boost chopper circuit (13), a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) and an IGBT selection array (15) which are connected with one another;
the micro control unit (2) outputs a plurality of paths of control signals, 1 path of signal is input to the adaptive power supply (12) of the main circuit, and the on-off of the field effect tube (19) is controlled, so that the on-off of transcranial current stimulation equipment is controlled, the stimulation starting time and the stimulation acting time are controlled, and particularly, a user can use a transcranial direct current stimulation system only through a mobile terminal application program (8) under the condition that a manual switch (17) is closed; 1 path of signals are transmitted to a buck-boost chopper circuit (13) of a main circuit to carry out voltage amplitude adjustment, and the voltage amplitude of the circuit is adjusted up or down by adjusting the duty ratio of a field effect tube; 4 paths of control signals are transmitted to a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) of a main circuit to control 4 field effect transistors, the stimulation frequency is adjusted through periodic on-off, a resistance-inductance load is formed by an adjustable resistor (20) and an adjustable inductor (21), the adjustable resistor mainly plays a role in limiting current, unipolar and bipolar currents can be generated by the blocking effect of the adjustable inductor on the currents and the on-off control of the four field effect transistors, and stimulation current waveforms such as trapezoidal waves, sawtooth waves, triangular waves and the like can be generated to realize the control on the current waveforms. Taking unipolar trapezoidal waves as an example, the rising stage of the trapezoidal waves is controlled by controlling the forward conduction of the field effect transistor to the resistance-inductance load, then the current flows through the freewheeling diode, the basic constant of the current amplitude is kept, finally the field effect transistor is controlled to be reversely connected to the resistance-inductance load, the current is rapidly reduced to zero, a monopulse trapezoidal wave is realized, and the periodical unipolar trapezoidal wave current stimulation is realized by periodically controlling the conduction and the disconnection of the field effect transistor; meet different stimulation requirements.
The micro control unit (2) outputs multi-channel control signals, the multi-channel control signals are decoded by the decoding circuit (10) and then are used for controlling the on-off of the IGBT selection array (15) of the main circuit, for the 16-electrode array, 2-16 IGBTs are needed to control the electrode array, every two IGBTs control one electrode, the control over the cathode and the anode of the electrode is achieved respectively, the control signals for controlling the two IGBTs of the same electrode must be interlocked, and the high-precision stimulation and the multi-focus stimulation on specific parts of the brain are achieved by controlling the on-off of the cathode and the anode of each electrode. By controlling the IGBT selection array, the electrode array of the present invention can not only achieve the commonly used bipolar current stimulation (1 anode and 1 cathode, which can detect the effect of the direction of the current passing through the cortex when the electrodes are placed closely, but also maximize the current in the brain when placed symmetrically on both sides of the brain), but also achieve single anode multi-cathode, single cathode multi-anode stimulation (e.g. 4 x 1 electrode configuration, with 1 electrode surrounded by 4 electrodes of opposite polarity for stimulating the cortical region), and multi-anode multi-cathode stimulation (increasing the number of electrodes can support multi-focal stimulation), aiming to meet different stimulation requirements of users.
All control signals need to be transmitted to the main circuit (1) through the isolation driving circuit (11) to be driven and controlled, a high-speed optical coupler is adopted, high-efficiency transmission of the control signals is guaranteed, meanwhile, electrical isolation between the input end and the output end is achieved, and the anti-interference capacity is high.
By means of a voltage sensor (18) and a current sensor (22), voltage and current information of a main circuit (1) is transmitted to a micro control unit (2) through an AD conversion module (6), the micro control unit transmits the current and voltage information to a display screen (3) for displaying, and simultaneously the micro control unit transmits the current and voltage information to a mobile terminal application program (8) for displaying and recording through a communication module (7) by means of WiFi or wired connection. The invention adds the overrun early warning, the overrun early warning interrupt program is loaded in the micro control unit, the priority of the interrupt is set to be the highest, and the appropriate voltage threshold (36V) and current threshold (2mA) are set in the overrun early warning interrupt program; the process of the overrun early warning interrupt program is as follows: the micro control unit (2) collects voltage and current information in the circuit in real time through the AD conversion module (6), when the real-time voltage or current exceeds a set upper limit threshold, the overrun early warning interrupt service program responds, the MCU cuts off all control signals in the main circuit, and sends 1 path of control signals to the buzzer (5) at the same time, and the buzzer starts early warning.
The commonly used conductive electrodes are of 5 x 5cm and 5 x 7cm size, and the electrode array (9) of the present invention is of smaller size. In transcranial current stimulation, the small stimulation electrode is called a high-definition electrode (HD), typically a small, round Ag/AgCl electrode, separated from the scalp by a conductive gel, and the use of the HD electrode for transcranial current stimulation allows the stimulation location of the electrode to be more precise, and more electrodes may be selected to achieve multifocal stimulation. The purpose of stimulation cannot be achieved due to the fact that the size is too small, stimulation precision cannot be guaranteed due to the fact that the size is too large, and therefore a packaged circular conductive electrode with the diameter of 2cm is adopted to guarantee stimulation effect and precision. The electrodes are arranged on the telescopic headband, namely the position between any two adjacent electrodes is adjustable, so that the current stimulation to a specific part is met, the high-precision positioning stimulation to the brain is realized, and further, a certain adjusting effect on different mental diseases can be realized. The electrodes are connected to the scalp by a wet sponge or conductive gel. The on-off of the cathode and the anode of the electrode is controlled by controlling the on-off of the IGBT selection array (15), so that high-precision positioning stimulation and multi-focus stimulation of the brain are realized.
The mobile terminal application program (8) is communicated with the communication module (7) through WiFi or wired connection, the setting information is transmitted to the micro control unit (2) through the communication module (7), the micro control unit (2) adjusts an MCU control signal according to the received setting information and current and voltage information of the main circuit (1) transmitted from the AD conversion module (6) or according to information of the key part (4), the change conditions of the setting information and circuit parameters are displayed in real time through the display screen (3), and meanwhile, the real-time information is transmitted to the mobile terminal application program (8) through the communication module (7) to be displayed and recorded.
The mobile terminal application program (8) comprises five interactive interfaces, namely a main interface (24), a stimulation mode selection interface (25), a stimulation parameter setting interface (26), a setting information display interface (27) and a stimulation recording interface (28). The main interface (24) displays information such as power, time, and a close button. A stimulation pattern selection interface (25) provides a selection of tDCS, tACS, and various noise types tRNS. The stimulation parameter setting interface (26) provides different parameter settings for different stimulation modes, provides settings of stimulation current, stimulation frequency, action time, start time, stimulation waveform and noise type, provides independent conduction control for different electrodes, and can realize anode and cathode switching of each electrode. The setting information display interface (27) provides waveform preview and displays parameter information such as stimulation mode, current amplitude, stimulation frequency, action time, start time and the like. A stimulation recording interface (28) provides for the display and simultaneous storage of three stimulation patterns stimulation history.
The application program (8) of the mobile terminal transmits tDCS stimulation setting information to the micro control unit (2) through the communication module (7), the micro control unit (2) firstly outputs 1 path of control to the buck-boost chopper circuit (13) to adjust the voltage amplitude according to the setting information, simultaneously outputs 4 paths of control information to the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) of the main circuit to enable the frequency of the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit to be 0Hz, namely direct current output, then outputs multiple paths of control signals to control the on-off of the IGBT selection array (15) through the decoding circuit (10) and the isolation driving circuit (11), and finally outputs 1 path of control signals to the adaptive power supply (12) of the main circuit to control the on-off of the main circuit, and then the micro control unit (2) combines the current information of the main circuit (1) received through the AD conversion module (6) to realize the closed-loop adjustment of the current amplitude of the;
the application program (8) of the mobile terminal transmits tACS stimulation setting information to the micro control unit (2) through the communication module (7), the micro control unit (2) firstly outputs 1 path of control to the buck-boost chopper circuit (13) to adjust the voltage amplitude according to the setting information, simultaneously outputs 4 paths of control information to the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) of the main circuit to control the stimulation frequency and the current waveform, outputs multiple paths of control signals to control the connection of the IGBT selection array (15) through the decoding circuit (10) and the isolation driving circuit (11), and finally outputs 1 path of control signals to the adaptive power supply (12) of the main circuit to control the connection and the disconnection of the main circuit;
the application program (8) of the mobile terminal transmits tRNS stimulation setting information to the micro control unit (2) through the communication module (7), the micro control unit (2) firstly outputs 1 path of control to the buck-boost chopper circuit (13) to adjust the voltage amplitude according to the setting information, simultaneously outputs 4 paths of control information to the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) of the main circuit to realize the control of different noise types, then outputs 2 paths of control signals to control the conduction of the IGBT selection array (15) through the decoding circuit (10) and the isolation driving circuit (11), and finally outputs 1 path of control signals to the adaptive power supply (12) of the main circuit to control the connection and the disconnection of the main circuit;
the micro control unit (2) can also receive the information of the key control (4) to set the stimulation parameters, thereby realizing the control of stimulation. The key control (4) mainly comprises a selection key, a retreat key and a control key, responds to the corresponding key by setting a key program, selects or sets the stimulation parameters, and displays the stimulation parameters on the display screen (3) in real time, so that the parameter setting condition can be observed conveniently, and the stimulation parameters can be adjusted.
Fig. 1 shows a household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system structure, which comprises 11 interconnected modules, namely a main circuit (1), a micro control unit (2), a display screen (3), a key control part (4), a buzzer (5), an AD conversion module (6), a communication module (7), a mobile terminal application program (8), an electrode array (9), a decoding circuit (10) and an isolation driving circuit (11). The main circuit (1) comprises an adaptive power supply (12), a buck-boost chopper circuit (13), a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) and an IGBT selection array (15) which are connected with each other. The adaptive power supply (12) comprises a rechargeable power supply (16), a manual switch (17), a field effect transistor switch (19) and a voltage sensor (18); the buck-boost chopper circuit (13) is a chopper circuit driven by a field effect transistor; the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) is a bridge inverter circuit driven by four field effect transistors, and further comprises an adjustable resistor (20), an adjustable inductor (21) and a current sensor (22); the IGBT selection array (15) contains 2 × 16 IGBTs.
The household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system with remote monitoring can realize high-precision positioning stimulation and multi-point simultaneous stimulation on different brain parts. The micro control unit (2) outputs multi-channel signals, the on-off of the IGBTs in the IGBT selection array (15) is controlled through the decoding circuit (10) and the isolation driving circuit (11), the independent on-off of each electrode in the electrode array (9) can be realized, the configuration of a cathode or an anode of each electrode can be realized, the simultaneous gating of a plurality of electrodes is realized, the high-precision positioning stimulation and the multi-point simultaneous stimulation of the brain are further realized, and different stimulation requirements of users are met.
The remote monitoring household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system can realize 3 current stimulation modes. The micro control unit (2) outputs 6 paths of control signals. 1 path of control signal is transmitted to a field effect tube (19) of an adaptive power supply (17) to control the on-off of the main circuit, soft on and soft off of the main circuit are realized under the closed condition of a manual switch (17), 1 path of control signal is transmitted to the field effect tube of a buck-boost chopper circuit (13) to realize the adjustment of voltage amplitude, and 4 paths of control signal are transmitted to four field effect tubes of a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) to realize the frequency adjustment and the current waveform control. When the frequency of the frequency modulation circuit is 0Hz, the system enters a tDCS mode, the current value measured by the current sensor (22) is input to the micro control unit (2) through the AD conversion module (6), and the micro control unit (2) adjusts the control signal input to the buck-boost chopper circuit (13) according to the set current amplitude and the obtained current signal so as to realize the closed-loop adjustment of the stimulation current. The micro control unit (2) can realize tACS stimulation with different amplitudes, different frequencies and different waveforms by adjusting 6 paths of control signals. tRNS stimulation may be achieved when the control signal varies according to a particular type of noise signal. All control signals sent by the micro control unit (2) need to control corresponding devices through the isolation driving circuit (11).
The household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system with remote monitoring has a good interface interaction function, and a user can remotely monitor stimulation and set stimulation parameters through a mobile terminal application program (8). The mobile terminal application program (8) is in information interaction with the micro control unit (2) through the communication module (7). As shown in fig. 2, the user interface includes five parts, namely a main interface (24), a stimulation mode selection interface (25), a stimulation parameter setting interface (26), a setting information display interface (27), and a stimulation recording interface (28). The main interface (24) displays information such as power, time, and a close button. A stimulation mode selection interface (25) is used to enable selection and switching of three stimulation modes (tDCS, tACS and tRNS). A stimulation parameter setting interface (26) provides different parameter settings for different stimulation modes, provides settings for stimulation current, stimulation frequency, action time, start time, stimulation waveform, noise type, provides independent conduction control for different electrodes, and provides anode and cathode switching control for each electrode. The setting information display interface (27) provides waveform preview and provides display of parameter information such as stimulation mode, current amplitude, stimulation frequency, action time, start time and the like. A stimulation recording interface (28) provides display of three modes stimulation history and network synchronized storage of stimulation history, and also provides a linked portal for information interaction with other wearable devices. Meanwhile, a user can check stimulation information such as stimulation modes, stimulation currents and voltages, stimulation time and the like, battery power, WiFi connection and other equipment information through the display screen (3).
Nothing in this specification is said to apply to the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. A remote-monitoring household high-precision transcranial current stimulation system comprises a main circuit (1), a micro-control unit (2), a display screen (3), a communication module (7) and a mobile terminal application program (8), and is characterized by further comprising an AD conversion module (6), an electrode array (9), a decoding circuit (10) and an isolation driving circuit (11);
the main circuit (1) comprises an adaptive power supply (12), a buck-boost chopper circuit (13), a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) and an IGBT selection array (15) which are connected with one another; a manual switch is added in the adaptive power supply, the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) comprises four field effect transistors, an adjustable resistor (20) and an adjustable inductor (21) which are connected in series, and all control signals of the micro control unit need to be transmitted to the main circuit (1) through the isolation driving circuit (11) for driving control;
the micro control unit (2) outputs a plurality of paths of control signals, 1 path of signal is input to the adaptive power supply (12) of the main circuit, and the on-off of the field effect tube (19) is controlled, so that the on-off of transcranial current stimulation equipment is controlled, the stimulation starting time and the action time are controlled, and a user only uses a mobile terminal application program (8) to realize the use of a transcranial direct current stimulation system under the closed condition of the manual switch (17); 4 paths of control signals are transmitted to a frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit (14) of a main circuit to control 4 field effect transistors, the stimulation frequency is adjusted through periodic on-off, a resistance-inductance load is formed by an adjustable resistor (20) and an adjustable inductor (21), unipolar and bipolar currents can be generated by the blocking effect of the adjustable inductor on the currents, and the control on various current waveforms is realized by combining the on-off control of four field effect transistors;
the micro control unit (2) outputs a plurality of paths of signals for controlling the on-off of the IGBT selection array; each electrode of the electrode array needs to be controlled by two IGBTs, one electrode is controlled by the two IGBTs, cathode and anode control of the electrode is respectively realized, control signals of the two IGBTs for controlling the same electrode need to be interlocked, and high-precision stimulation and multi-focus stimulation to specific parts of the brain are realized by controlling the connection and disconnection of the cathode and the anode of each electrode.
2. The stimulation system of claim 1, wherein the mobile terminal application program selectively controls the IGBT selection array to implement bipolar current stimulation, single-anode multi-cathode, single-cathode multi-anode stimulation, and multi-anode multi-cathode stimulation, wherein single-anode multi-cathode or single-cathode multi-anode stimulation means that a single electrode is surrounded by a plurality of electrodes of opposite polarity for stimulating cortical regions; multi-anode multi-cathode stimulation means that multiple electrodes stimulate simultaneously to support multi-focal stimulation; bipolar current stimulation refers to 1 anode and 1 cathode, which can detect the direction of the current passing through the cortex when the electrodes are placed closely, and maximize the current in the brain when placed symmetrically on both sides of the brain.
3. The stimulation system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of current waveforms are trapezoidal waves, sawtooth waves or triangular waves, and in the case of unipolar trapezoidal waves, the rising stage of the trapezoidal waves is controlled by controlling forward conduction of the field effect transistor of the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit to the resistive-inductive load, then the current flows through the freewheeling diode, the amplitude of the current is kept substantially constant, finally the field effect transistor is controlled to turn on the resistive-inductive load in a reverse direction, the current rapidly drops to zero, a single-pulse trapezoidal wave is realized, and the periodic unipolar trapezoidal wave current stimulation is realized by periodically controlling on/off of the field effect transistor of the frequency modulation and waveform generation circuit.
4. The stimulation system of claim 1, wherein the current amplitude is adjusted in the range of 0mA to 2mA under tDCS stimulation; under the stimulation of tACS, the current amplitude is adjusted within the range of 0 mA-2 mA, and the current frequency is adjusted within the range of 1 Hz-2 kHz.
5. The stimulation system according to claim 1, wherein the main circuit further comprises an overrun warning circuit, an overrun warning interrupt program is loaded in the micro control unit, the priority of the interrupt is set to be highest, and a voltage threshold and a current threshold are set in the overrun warning interrupt program;
the process of the overrun early warning interrupt program is as follows: the micro control unit (2) collects voltage and current information in the circuit in real time through the AD conversion module (6), when the real-time voltage or current exceeds a set threshold value, the overrun early warning interrupt program responds, the micro control unit cuts off all control signals in the main circuit, and sends 1 path of control signals to the overrun early warning circuit, and the overrun early warning circuit controls the buzzer (5) to give an early warning.
6. The stimulation system according to claim 1, wherein the electrode array is a 16-electrode array, the IGBT selection array controls gating of the electrode array, and the conductive electrodes in the electrode array are packaged round conductive electrodes with a diameter of 2 cm; the electrodes are mounted on a retractable headband, i.e., the position between any two adjacent electrodes is adjustable to satisfy current stimulation to a specific site.
7. The stimulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile terminal application (8) communicates with the communication module (7) via WiFi or wired connection, the setting information is transmitted to the micro control unit (2) via the communication module (7), the micro control unit (2) adjusts the control signal of the micro control unit according to the received setting information and the current and voltage information of the main circuit (1) transmitted from the AD conversion module (6) or according to the information of the key part (4), and displays the change of the setting information and the circuit parameters in real time via the display screen (3), and transmits the real-time information to the mobile terminal application (8) via the communication module (7) for display and recording.
8. Stimulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile terminal application (8) comprises five interactive interfaces, a main interface (24), a stimulation mode selection interface (25), a stimulation parameter setting interface (26), a setting information display interface (27), a stimulation recording interface (28);
the main interface (24) displays information of electric quantity, time and a closing button; a stimulation pattern selection interface (25) provides a selection of tDCS, tACS, and a plurality of noise types tRNS;
the stimulation parameter setting interface (26) provides different parameter settings for different stimulation modes, provides the settings of stimulation current, stimulation frequency, action time, start time, stimulation waveform and noise type, provides independent conduction control for different electrodes, and can realize the switching of the anode and the cathode of each electrode;
setting an information display interface (27) to provide waveform preview and display parameter information of a stimulation mode, a current amplitude, a stimulation frequency, an action time and a start time;
a stimulation recording interface (28) provides for the display and simultaneous storage of three stimulation patterns stimulation history.
9. Stimulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the micro control unit (2) is also able to receive information from the key control (4) to set stimulation parameters, thereby enabling control of stimulation; the key control (4) mainly comprises a selection key, a back key and a control key, responds to the corresponding key by setting a key program, selects or sets the stimulation parameters, and displays the stimulation parameters on the display screen (3) in real time.
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