CN112022447B

CN112022447B - Knee joint prosthesis

Info

Publication number: CN112022447B
Application number: CN202010982674.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田倩影; 吴显; 朱伟强; 傅彦棉; 杜永杰; 王若帆; 方晓斌; 徐浩
Original assignee: Canwell Medical Co ltd; Zhejiang Kangfeishi Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Canwell Medical Co ltd; Zhejiang Kangfeishi Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-17
Filing date: 2020-09-17
Publication date: 2023-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-17
Also published as: CN112022447A

Abstract

The invention discloses a knee joint prosthesis, comprising: the tibia support, the tibia pad, the femoral condyle prosthesis, the first fixing coil and the second fixing coil; the tibial tray is provided with a first through hole for the anterior cruciate ligament to pass through and a first groove for the posterior cruciate ligament to pass through; the tibia pad is clamped on the top surface of the tibia support, and a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole and a second groove corresponding to the first groove are formed in the tibia pad; the femoral condyle prosthesis can rotate relative to the tibial pad; the first fixed coil is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the tibia support; the second fixed coil is fixedly connected to one side of the opening of the first groove. The cruciate ligaments with damaged attachment points can pass through the through holes and the grooves and are fixed through the first fixing coil and the second fixing coil respectively, the initial attachment positions of the ligaments are restored, the ligaments are prolonged and repaired, and the proprioception of the knee joint function is restored.

Description

Knee joint prosthesis

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial knee joints, in particular to a knee joint prosthesis.

Background

Conventional artificial knee replacements fall into two broad categories, CR and PS prosthesis designs.

For CR-TKA, more PCL is retained by using the mechanical function, namely maintaining the stability of the knee joint in the front and back directions, the femoral condyle is drawn to complete 'rolling back' movement in the knee joint flexion process, and the knee joint flexion limitation caused by the impact of the femoral condyle and the tibial plateau rear edge is avoided. Because PCL is a ligament structure of the natural knee joint, including a knee joint proprioceptor, retention of PCL can better retain proprioception of the knee joint. However, if the posterior cruciate ligament or the anterior cruciate ligament of the patient is abnormal or the tibial bone cutting amount is large and affects the PCL insertion point attachment area and strength of the patient, the operation of cutting the posterior cruciate ligament is generally considered. Therefore, the limitations of CR prostheses are that the osteotomy thickness or posterior slope angle does not damage the PCL's dead center and that the operator is in high operational demands.

For PS-TKA, the PCL is excised, and the tibial pad upright post is matched with the femoral condyle prosthesis posterior cam to form the artificial knee joint posterior roll, so that the function of the posterior cruciate ligament is partially replaced. The change of the knee joint gap height is not limited, and the operation is easy for the operator. However, the post-operation rehabilitation training cycle is long, abnormal sound and pause and error feeling are generated in the moving process, and related complications such as knee joint dislocation, upright fracture or serious abrasion of the upright are easily caused by an upright-cam mechanism.

In addition, the knee joint prosthesis in the prior art is additionally provided with an elastic component, and the fixed knee joint with elasticity is realized, namely, the rotation can not be realized, so that the femur condyle and the gasket have higher contact stress, edge load occurs, stress concentration is formed, and the abrasion of polyethylene is caused.

Therefore, the problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to provide a knee joint prosthesis which is not limited to the thickness of the osteotomy and the retroversion angle, can maintain the integrity of the cruciate ligament, is easy for the operator to operate, is more friendly after the operation, has less wear, and has a long life.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a knee joint prosthesis, which aims to solve the above technical problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a knee joint prosthesis comprising: the tibia support, the tibia pad, the femoral condyle prosthesis, the first fixing coil and the second fixing coil;

the tibia support is provided with a first through hole for the anterior cruciate ligament to pass through and a first groove for the posterior cruciate ligament to pass through;

the tibia pad is clamped on the top surface of the tibia tray, and a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole and a second groove corresponding to the first groove are formed in the tibia pad;

the femoral condyle prosthesis is positioned on the top surface of the tibial pad and can rotate relative to the tibial pad;

the first fixing coil is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the tibial tray and used for fixing the anterior cruciate ligament which penetrates out of the first through hole and the second through hole;

the second fixing coil is fixedly connected to one side of the opening of the first groove and used for fixing the posterior cruciate ligament which penetrates out of the second groove and the first groove.

Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the knee joint prosthesis is provided. The first through hole and the first groove are arranged on the tibia support, the second through hole and the second groove are correspondingly arranged on the tibia pad, so that an anterior cruciate ligament and a posterior cruciate ligament which are damaged at a ligament attachment point on the tibia can pass through the tibia pad, the first fixing coil and the second fixing coil are arranged to fix the balanced anterior cruciate ligament and the balanced posterior cruciate ligament respectively, the initial attachment position of the ligaments can be restored, and the ligaments can be repaired by adjusting the size of the coils to prolong under the condition that the ligaments are damaged and lost, and the proprioception of the knee joint function is restored; the first fixing coil and the second fixing coil are connected with the anterior cruciate ligament and the posterior cruciate ligament, so that the tibial tray, the tibial pad and the femoral condyle prosthesis are integrally connected, and the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial pad are prevented from falling out of the knee joint prosthesis; the first fixed coil is connected with the anterior cruciate ligament, so that the flexion of the knee joint can be recovered, and the excessive anterior movement and hyperextension movement of the tibia can be limited.

Preferably, the femoral condyle prosthesis comprises an anterior femoral condyle joint surface and a posterior femoral condyle joint surface, wherein an intercondylar prefabricated opening is formed in the anterior femoral condyle joint surface, and the anterior femoral condyle joint surface is divided into a lateral condyle and a medial condyle by the intercondylar prefabricated opening; the posterior femoral condyle articular surface connects the lateral condyle with the medial condyle posterior end; the lateral condyle and the medial condyle are respectively provided with an anti-rotation upright post and a first clamping groove. Therefore, the rotation prevention upright post can prevent the prosthesis from loosening caused by the rotation between the femur and the femoral condyle prosthesis; the first clamping groove facilitates clamping of other instruments and is used for installation and removal of the femoral condyle prosthesis.

Preferably, a second clamping groove and a third clamping groove are formed in the lower end face of the tibia pad, a third clamping block and a fourth clamping block are arranged on the upper end face of the tibia support, the third clamping block is clamped in the second clamping groove, and the fourth clamping block is clamped in the third clamping groove; the lower end surface of the tibial tray is provided with a column body which is in a conical shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the tibia support is further provided with keel wings, the keel wings are located on two sides of the cylinder, and the keel wings and the tibia support can be detachably connected or integrally connected. Therefore, the third clamping block is clamped with the second clamping groove, and the fourth clamping block is clamped with the third clamping groove, so that the tibia pad and the tibia support are connected more tightly, and looseness is prevented; the arrangement of the keel can ensure that the tibia support is tightly fixed in the tibia.

Preferably, the tibial pad comprises a lower tibial pad and an upper tibial pad, a fifth groove is formed in the upper end face of the lower tibial pad, the upper tibial pad is located in the fifth groove and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the fifth groove, and a plurality of springs are fixed between the upper tibial pad and the lower tibial pad; the second clamping groove and the third clamping groove are formed in the lower end face of the lower tibial pad. Thus, the stability of the knee joint during movement is assisted by the meniscus forming an integral part with the associated ligaments and muscles. The meniscus body functions as follows: (1) protective action: the meniscus can protect the joint surfaces of the femur and the tibia opposite to each other and the associated ligaments, can absorb the downward-transmitted vibration, and can be used as a buffer device to reduce the pressure transmitted to the joint surfaces and the ligaments; (2) spring action: menisci can be compressed from 5 mm thickness to 2.5 mm, but remain elastic; when the joint moves, the compression joint has a slight braking effect, is like a spring, can accumulate energy, and releases when the movement is carried out in the opposite direction, so that the gait has certain elasticity to assist the cruciate ligament to complete the flexion and rotation of the knee joint and other movements; (3) braking action: the meniscus acts as a skid under the wheel and acts in concert with the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments to prevent excessive anterior and posterior tibial migration. The spring is implanted in the tibia pad in a mould pressing manner, and after the knee joint is implanted into a human body, on one hand, the spring is always in a compressed state due to the fixation of the front and rear coils and the ligament, and the compressed spring can counteract a part of pressure in the movement process, so that the contact stress between the articular surfaces is reduced, and the abrasion between the articular surfaces is reduced; on the other hand, when the knee joint is straightened, the anterior cruciate ligament is in a tense state and is in synergistic action with the popliteal cord muscle on the back side of the thigh to prevent the tibia from moving forwards, and the compressed spring can reduce the stretched length of the anterior cruciate ligament, reduce the tension force of the first fixed coil and prolong the service life of the first fixed coil; when the knee joint is flexed, the posterior cruciate ligament is in a tense state, and the posterior cruciate ligament and the quadriceps femoris muscle on the front side of the thigh act cooperatively to prevent the tibia from moving backwards, the compressed spring can reduce the stretched length of the posterior cruciate ligament, can reduce the tension of the second fixed coil, prolong the service life of the second fixed coil and finally prolong the service life of the knee joint prosthesis.

Preferably, the connecting part is arranged between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibia pad in a height-adjustable manner and is used for adjusting the distance between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibia pad;

third grooves are respectively formed in one surfaces, close to the tibial pad, of the lateral condyle and the medial condyle, and fourth grooves which are symmetrical relative to the center of the tibial pad are respectively formed in the tibial pad opposite to the third grooves;

the two connecting parts are arranged, and two ends of each connecting part are respectively embedded in the third groove and the fourth groove which are opposite to each other; the connecting part comprises a first clamping block, a second clamping block and a height adjusting component;

the first fixture block is embedded in the third groove and can slide in the third groove, the cross section of the first fixture block is circular, the diameter of the first fixture block is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the third groove is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the diameter of the upper end face of the first fixture block is larger than the diameter of the opening of the third groove;

the second fixture block is embedded in the fourth groove and can slide in the fourth groove, the cross section of the second fixture block is circular, the diameter of the second fixture block is gradually increased from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the fourth groove is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the diameter of the lower end face of the second fixture block is larger than that of the opening of the fourth groove; a layer of rubber pad is further laid between the lower end face of the second clamping block and the fourth groove;

the height adjusting component is located between the first fixture block and the second fixture block and used for adjusting the distance between the lateral condyle and the tibial pad and the distance between the medial condyle and the tibial pad. Therefore, the height-adjustable connecting part is arranged between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial pad and used for adjusting the distance between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial pad, the first clamping block is embedded in the third groove, and the cross section of the first clamping block is circular, so that the knee joint can slightly rotate, the contact stress between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial pad can be reduced, the abrasion between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial pad is reduced, the service life of the knee joint is prolonged, the height-adjustable connecting part is used, the tibial pads with different thicknesses can be replaced, the stock quantity of the tibial pads with different specifications is reduced, and the cost is reduced; and a layer of rubber pad is laid between the lower end surface of the second fixture block and the fourth groove, so that the contact stress between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial pad is reduced.

Preferably, the height adjusting part comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe which are coaxially sleeved, a insection clamping strip and a connecting frame;

the upper end of the outer pipe is fixedly connected with the first clamping block, and the lower end of the inner pipe is fixedly connected with the second clamping block; the outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe in a sliding manner;

the insection clamping strip is axially fixed on the inner wall of the outer pipe along the outer pipe;

the link is fixed inner tube inner chamber upper end, the link along insection card strip axial direction concertina movement to can with insection card strip joint. Therefore, when the prosthesis is installed, the distances between the lateral condyle and the tibial pad and between the medial condyle and the tibial pad can be easily adjusted, and abrasion is reduced.

Preferably, the connecting frame is of a cross structure, and the end head of the connecting frame penetrates through the side wall of the inner tube, is fixed with the inner tube and is clamped with the insection clamping strip; the insection clamping strip is a batten with an arc-shaped cross section, a limiting groove with a through lower end is formed in the insection clamping strip along the axial direction of the insection clamping strip, and a wavy insection is arranged on one side of the limiting groove; the number of the insection clamping strips is two, the insection clamping strips are attached to the inner wall of the outer pipe, one of the insection clamping strips can coincide with the other insection clamping strip by rotating around the center of the outer pipe for 180 degrees, and the insection clamping strips are connected with the outer pipe through bolts. Therefore, the connection of the inner pipe and the outer pipe is firmer, and the height is convenient to adjust.

Preferably, the fourth groove is formed in the upper end face of the tibial pad and provided with a linear section and an arc section, and an included angle between an extension line of the linear section and a tangent line of one end, far away from the linear section, of the arc section is 15-20 degrees. Therefore, the fourth groove is provided with the straight line segment and the circular arc segment, and the included angle between the extension line of the straight line segment and the tangent line of the end, far away from the straight line segment, of the circular arc segment is designed to be 15-20 degrees, so that the knee joint prosthesis can better accord with natural motion.

Preferably, the keel, the inner part of the lateral condyle, the inner part of the medial condyle and the inner part of the joint surface of the posterior femoral condyle are all porous structures and are used for loading antibacterial factors and osteoinductive agents. Therefore, the interior of the keel and the femoral condyle prosthesis is made into a porous structure, the antibacterial factors loaded in a porous way prevent infection, and the bone inducer promotes bone growth.

Preferably, the lateral condyle, the medial condyle, the posterior femoral condyle articular surface and the contact part of the tibial tray and the human bone are all coated with bone cement. Therefore, the contact parts of the tibia support and the femoral condyle prosthesis and human bones are precoated with bone cement, the precoated bone cement adopts a compression molding technology under a vacuum environment, bubbles and impurities in a bone cement precoated layer can be effectively reduced, high-pressure embedding of the bone cement and the metal surface of the knee prosthesis is achieved, the binding force between the precoated bone cement and the prosthesis is increased, the weak boundary layer on the metal implant surface is improved by the precoated bone cement, the binding strength with the bone cement is enhanced, early joint prosthesis loosening caused by low binding force between the knee prosthesis and the bone cement is avoided, and meanwhile the anti-loosening capacity of the joint prosthesis for long-term use is increased. Meanwhile, the precoated bone cement has the function of bone induction bioactivity, can promote bone ingrowth, and improves the stability of the knee joint prosthesis implanted into a human body.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a knee joint prosthesis according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the knee prosthesis of example 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a knee prosthesis according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a tibial pad of the knee prosthesis of example 1 provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a tibial tray of the knee prosthesis of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a knee joint prosthesis according to example 1 implanted in a human body according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the entire structure of a knee joint prosthesis according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the knee prosthesis of example 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a knee prosthesis according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a tibial pad of the knee prosthesis of example 2 provided by the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the joint structure of the knee joint prosthesis according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a knee joint prosthesis according to example 2 of the present invention implanted in a human body.

Wherein:

1. a tibial tray; 11. a first through hole; 12. a first groove; 13. a third fixture block; 14. a fourth fixture block; 15. a cylinder; 16. a keel wing; 2. a tibial pad; 21. a second through hole; 22. a second groove; 23. a fourth groove; 230. a straight line segment; 231. a circular arc section; 24. a spring; 25. a second card slot; 26. a third card slot; 27. a fifth groove; 28. a shin pad; 29. an upper tibial pad; 3. a femoral condyle prosthesis; 31. the anterior femoral condyle articular surface; 32. posterior femoral condyle articular surface; 311. preparing an opening between condyles; 33. the lateral condyle; 331. a third groove; 34. a medial condyle; 35. an anti-rotation upright post; 36. a first card slot; 4. a connecting portion; 41. a first clamping block; 42. a second fixture block; 43. a height adjustment member; 431. an outer tube; 432. an inner tube; 433. a insection clamping strip; 434. a connecting frame; 44. a rubber pad; 5. a first stationary coil; 6. a second stationary coil; 7. the anterior cruciate ligament; 8. the posterior cruciate ligament.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-12, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a knee joint prosthesis, including: a tibial tray 1, a tibial pad 2, a femoral condyle prosthesis 3, a first fixed coil 5 and a second fixed coil 6;

the tibial tray 1 is provided with a first through hole 11 for the anterior cruciate ligament 7 to pass through and a first groove 12 for the posterior cruciate ligament 8 to pass through;

the tibial pad 2 is clamped on the top surface of the tibial tray 1, and the tibial pad 2 is provided with a second through hole 21 corresponding to the first through hole 11 and a second groove 22 corresponding to the first groove 12;

the femoral condyle prosthesis 3 is positioned on the top surface of the tibia pad 2 and can rotate relative to the tibia pad 2;

the first fixing coil 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the tibial tray 1 and is used for fixing the anterior cruciate ligament 7 which penetrates out of the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21;

the second fixing coil 6 is fixedly connected to one side of the opening of the first groove 12 and is used for fixing the posterior cruciate ligament 8 which penetrates out of the second groove 22 and the first groove 12.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the femoral condyle prosthesis 3 includes an anterior femoral condyle joint surface 31 and a posterior femoral condyle joint surface 32, the anterior femoral condyle joint surface 31 is provided with an intercondylar preformed opening 311, and the intercondylar preformed opening 311 divides the anterior femoral condyle joint surface 31 into a lateral condyle 33 and a medial condyle 34; the posterior femoral condyle articular surface 32 connects the lateral condyle 33 with the posterior end of the medial condyle 34; an anti-rotation post 35 and a first locking groove 36 are provided on both the lateral condyle 33 and the medial condyle 34.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, a second clamping groove 25 and a third clamping groove 26 are arranged on the lower end surface of the tibia pad 2, a third clamping block 13 and a fourth clamping block 14 are arranged on the upper end surface of the tibia support 1, the third clamping block 13 is clamped in the second clamping groove 25, and the fourth clamping block 14 is clamped in the third clamping groove 26; the lower end face of the tibia support 1 is provided with a cylinder 15, and the cylinder 15 is in a conical shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the tibia support 1 is further provided with keel wings 16, the keel wings 16 are located on two sides of the column body 15, and the keel wings 16 are detachably connected or integrally connected with the tibia support 1.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the tibial pad 2 includes a lower tibial pad 28 and an upper tibial pad 29, the upper end surface of the lower tibial pad 28 is provided with a fifth groove 27, the upper tibial pad 29 is located in the fifth groove 27 and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the fifth groove 27, and a plurality of springs 24 are fixed between the upper tibial pad 29 and the lower tibial pad 28; the second and third

engaging grooves

25 and 26 are formed on the lower end surface of the lower tibia pad 28.

In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the present invention further comprises a connecting portion 4, wherein the connecting portion 4 is disposed between the condyle prosthesis 3 and the tibial pad 2 in a height-adjustable manner, and is used for adjusting the distance between the condyle prosthesis 3 and the tibial pad 2;

the lateral condyle 33 and the medial condyle 34 are respectively provided with a third groove 331 on one side close to the tibia pad 2, and the tibia pad 2 is respectively provided with a fourth groove 23 which is symmetrical relative to the center of the tibia pad 2 at the position opposite to the third groove 331; the lateral condyle 33, the medial condyle 34 and the tibial pad 2 are of split structures, one ends of the lateral condyle 33 and the medial condyle 34 close to the tibial pad 2 are respectively provided with a movable block, and the movable blocks are connected to the lateral condyle 33 and the medial condyle 34 through bolts; the tibia pad 2 also has movable blocks connected by bolts on both sides of the upper end thereof.

The number of the connecting parts 4 is two, and two ends of each connecting part 4 are respectively embedded in the third groove 331 and the fourth groove 23 which are opposite to each other; the connecting portion 4 includes a first latch 41, a second latch 42, and a height adjusting member 43;

the first fixture block 41 is embedded in the third recess 331 and can slide in the third recess 331, the cross section of the first fixture block 41 is circular, the diameter of the first fixture block 41 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the third recess 331 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the diameter of the upper end surface of the first fixture block 41 is larger than the diameter of the opening of the third recess 331;

the second fixture block 42 is embedded in the fourth groove 23 and can slide in the fourth groove 23, the cross section of the second fixture block 42 is circular, the diameter of the second fixture block 42 gradually increases from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the fourth groove 23 gradually increases from top to bottom, and the diameter of the lower end face of the second fixture block 42 is larger than the diameter of the opening of the fourth groove 23; a layer of rubber pad 44 is further laid between the lower end surface of the second fixture block 42 and the fourth groove 23;

the height adjusting component 43 is located between the first block 41 and the second block 42 for adjusting the distance between the lateral condyle 33 and the tibial pad 2 and the medial condyle 34 and the tibial pad 2.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the height adjusting part 43 comprises an outer tube 431 and an inner tube 432 which are coaxially sleeved, an insection clamping strip 433 and a connecting frame 434;

the upper end of the outer tube 431 is fixedly connected with the first fixture block 41, and the lower end of the inner tube 432 is fixedly connected with the second fixture block 42; the outer tube 431 is slidably sleeved outside the inner tube 432;

the insection clamping strip 433 is axially fixed on the inner wall of the outer pipe 431 along the outer pipe 431;

the link 434 is fixed in inner tube 432 inner chamber upper end, and link 434 along insection card strip 433 axial direction concertina movement to can block the strip 433 joint with insection.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the connecting frame 434 is of a cross structure, and the end of the connecting frame penetrates through the side wall of the inner tube 432, is fixed with the inner tube 432 and is clamped with the insection clamping strip 433; the insection clamping strip 433 is a batten with an arc-shaped cross section, a limiting groove with a through lower end is formed in the insection clamping strip 433 along the axial direction of the insection clamping strip, and a wavy insection is arranged on one side of the limiting groove; insection card strip 433 is two, all laminates in outer tube 431 inner wall, and one of them rotates 180 around the outer tube 431 center and can coincide with another, and insection card strip 433 passes through bolted connection with outer tube 431.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the fourth groove 23 is formed in the upper end face of the tibial pad 2, the fourth groove 23 is provided with a straight line segment 230 and a circular arc segment 231, and an included angle between an extension line of the straight line segment 230 and a tangent line of one end, far away from the straight line segment 230, of the circular arc segment 231 is 15-20 degrees.

In the present embodiment, the keel 16, the inside of the lateral condyle 33, the inside of the medial condyle 34, and the inside of the posterior femoral condyle articular surface 32 are all porous structures for supporting antibacterial factors and osteoinductive agents.

In the present embodiment, the lateral condyle 33, the medial condyle 34, the posterior femoral condyle articular surface 32 and the contact area of the tibial tray 1 with the human bone are all coated with bone cement.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the tibia support 1 and the tibia pad 2 are clamped and locked, a first through hole 11 and a first groove 12 are formed in the tibia support 1, a second through hole 21 and a second groove 22 are formed in the tibia pad 2, after the tibia is cut, if only the anterior cruciate ligament dead point is damaged, the attachment point on the tibia is broken, the anterior cruciate ligament is repaired, then the anterior cruciate ligament penetrates out of the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 which are prefabricated in the tibia pad 2 and the tibia support 1, the first fixing coil 5 is wound for one circle, and the anterior cruciate ligament is adjusted to be balanced and then fixed; if the cut bone quantity is too large to cause the rear cruciate ligament insertion point to be damaged, the rear cruciate ligament is repaired and then penetrates out of the first groove 12 and the second groove 22 at the rear part of the tibial tray 1 and the tibial pad 2, and the second fixing coil 6 is wound for a circle, so that the front cruciate ligament and the rear cruciate ligament are respectively fixed after being well adjusted; not only can restore the initial attachment position of the ligament, but also can repair the ligament by adjusting the size of the coil and recover the proprioception of the knee joint function under the condition of ligament damage and loss.

Example 1:

shin bone pad 2 divide into shin bone pad 28 and shin bone pad 29 down, through mould pressing technique with a plurality of springs 24 both ends imbed respectively shin bone pad 28 and shin bone pad 29 down, use this kind of structural prosthesis, in joint replacement, can not only rebuild the function of anterior and posterior cruciate ligament, can also restore the original elasticity of shin bone pad.

Example 2:

connecting parts 4 are arranged between the lateral condyle 33 and the tibial pad 2 and between the medial condyle 34 and the tibial pad 2, and the movable blocks on the lateral condyle 33 and the medial condyle 34 are taken down, so that a first fixture block 41 in the connecting part 4 can be embedded in the third groove 331, the first fixture block 41 is placed in the third groove 331, and then the bolt is screwed to fix the movable blocks on the lateral condyle 33 and the medial condyle 34, and similarly, a second fixture block 42 can be embedded in the fourth groove 23, the cross section of the first fixture block 41 is circular, and the knee joint can realize slight rotation through the arrangement; connect the link 434 joint on insection card strip 433, make link 434 can the joint in insection of insection card strip 433 co-altitude through rotating inner tube 432, thereby adjust the distance between thighbone condyle prosthesis 3 and shin bone pad 2, and still laid the one deck rubber pad between the lower terminal surface of second fixture block 42 and fourth recess 23, reduced the contact stress of thighbone condyle prosthesis and shin bone pad through such setting, reduce the wearing and tearing of thighbone condyle prosthesis and shin bone pad, improve knee joint's life.

The keel 16 and the femoral condyle prosthesis 3 are internally designed into porous structures for loading antibacterial factors and bone inducers, and the antibacterial factors can be antibiotics; the bone inducer contains osteogenesis inducing protein, and can stimulate mesenchymal stem cells around the bone grafting area to differentiate into chondroblasts or osteoblasts to form new bone; such as decalcified bone and bone forming proteins, etc.; bone cement is coated at the contact part of the femoral condyle prosthesis 3 and the tibial tray 1 with human bones, so that early joint prosthesis loosening caused by low bonding force of the knee joint prosthesis and the bone cement is avoided, and the anti-loosening capability of the joint prosthesis in long-term use is improved.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A knee joint prosthesis, comprising: the tibia support (1), the tibia pad (2), the femoral condyle prosthesis (3), a first fixing coil (5) and a second fixing coil (6);

the tibia support (1) is provided with a first through hole (11) for the anterior cruciate ligament (7) to pass through and a first groove (12) for the posterior cruciate ligament (8) to pass through;

the tibia pad (2) is clamped on the top surface of the tibia tray (1), and a second through hole (21) corresponding to the first through hole (11) and a second groove (22) corresponding to the first groove (12) are formed in the tibia pad (2);

the femoral condyle prosthesis (3) is positioned on the top surface of the tibia pad (2) and can rotate relative to the tibia pad (2); the femoral condyle prosthesis (3) comprises an anterior femoral condyle joint surface (31) and a posterior femoral condyle joint surface (32), wherein an intercondylar prefabricated opening (311) is formed in the anterior femoral condyle joint surface (31), and the intercondylar prefabricated opening (311) divides the anterior femoral condyle joint surface (31) into a lateral condyle (33) and a medial condyle (34); the posterior femoral condyle articular surface (32) connecting the lateral condyle (33) with the posterior end of the medial condyle (34); the lateral condyle (33) and the medial condyle (34) are both provided with an anti-rotation upright post (35) and a first clamping groove (36);

the first fixing coil (5) is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the tibial tray (1) and used for fixing the anterior cruciate ligament (7) penetrating out of the first through hole (11) and the second through hole (21);

the second fixing coil (6) is fixedly connected to one side of the opening of the first groove (12) and is used for fixing the posterior cruciate ligament (8) which penetrates out of the second groove (22) and the first groove (12);

the connecting part (4) is arranged between the femoral condyle prosthesis (3) and the tibia pad (2) in a height-adjustable manner, and is used for adjusting the distance between the femoral condyle prosthesis (3) and the tibia pad (2);

one surfaces of the lateral condyle (33) and the medial condyle (34) close to the tibia pad (2) are respectively provided with a third groove (331), and positions on the tibia pad (2) opposite to the third grooves (331) are respectively provided with fourth grooves (23) which are symmetrical relative to the center of the tibia pad (2); the number of the connecting parts (4) is two, and two ends of each connecting part (4) are embedded in the third groove (331) and the fourth groove (23) which are opposite to each other respectively; the connecting part (4) comprises a first fixture block (41), a second fixture block (42) and a height adjusting component (43);

the first fixture block (41) is embedded in the third groove (331) and can slide in the third groove (331), the second fixture block (42) is embedded in the fourth groove (23) and can slide in the fourth groove (23), and the height adjusting part (43) is located between the first fixture block (41) and the second fixture block (42) and used for adjusting the distance between the lateral condyle (33) and the tibia pad (2) and the distance between the medial condyle (34) and the tibia pad (2).

2. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 1 is characterized in that a second slot (25) and a third slot (26) are arranged on the lower end surface of the tibia pad (2), a third block (13) and a fourth block (14) are arranged on the upper end surface of the tibia support (1), the third block (13) is clamped in the second slot (25), and the fourth block (14) is clamped in the third slot (26); a cylinder (15) is arranged on the lower end face of the tibia support (1), and the cylinder (15) is in a conical shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the tibia support (1) is further provided with keel wings (16), the keel wings (16) are located on two sides of the cylinder (15), and the keel wings (16) are detachably connected or integrally connected with the tibia support (1).

3. A knee joint prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that the tibial pad (2) comprises a lower tibial pad (28) and an upper tibial pad (29), the lower tibial pad (28) being provided with a fifth groove (27) on the upper end face, the upper tibial pad (29) being located in the fifth groove (27) and being able to slide up and down along the inner wall of the fifth groove (27), a plurality of springs (24) being fixed between the upper tibial pad (29) and the lower tibial pad (28); the second clamping groove (25) and the third clamping groove (26) are arranged on the lower end face of the lower tibia pad (28).

4. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the first latch (41) is circular, the diameter of the first latch (41) gradually decreases from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the third recess (331) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the diameter of the upper end surface of the first latch (41) is larger than the diameter of the opening of the third recess (331);

the cross section of the second fixture block (42) is circular, the diameter of the second fixture block (42) is gradually increased from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the fourth groove (23) is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the diameter of the lower end face of the second fixture block (42) is larger than the diameter of the opening of the fourth groove (23); and a layer of rubber pad (44) is laid between the lower end face of the second clamping block (42) and the fourth groove (23).

5. A knee joint prosthesis according to claim 4, characterized in that the height adjustment means (43) comprises coaxially sleeved outer (431) and inner (432) tubes, an insection bar (433) and a connection bracket (434);

the upper end of the outer pipe (431) is fixedly connected with the first fixture block (41), and the lower end of the inner pipe (432) is fixedly connected with the second fixture block (42); the outer pipe (431) is sleeved outside the inner pipe (432) in a sliding mode;

the insection clamping strip (433) is axially fixed on the inner wall of the outer pipe (431) along the outer pipe (431);

the link (434) is fixed inner tube (432) inner chamber upper end, link (434) along insection card strip (433) axial direction concertina movement to can with insection card strip (433) joint.

6. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 5, wherein the connecting frame (434) is a cross structure, and the end of the connecting frame passes through the side wall of the inner tube (432), is fixed with the inner tube (432), and is clamped with the insection clamping strip (433); the insection clamping strip (433) is a batten with an arc-shaped cross section, a limiting groove with a through lower end is formed in the insection clamping strip (433) along the axial direction of the insection clamping strip, and a wavy insection is arranged on one side of the limiting groove; the number of the insection clamping strips (433) is two, the insection clamping strips are attached to the inner wall of the outer pipe (431), one insection clamping strip rotates 180 degrees around the center of the outer pipe (431) and can coincide with the other insection clamping strip, and the insection clamping strip (433) is connected with the outer pipe (431) through bolts.

7. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein the fourth groove (23) is opened on the upper end surface of the tibia pad (2), the fourth groove (23) is provided with a straight line section (230) and a circular arc section (231), and an included angle between an extension line of the straight line section (230) and a tangent line of one end, away from the straight line section (230), of the circular arc section (231) is 15-20 degrees.

8. The knee joint prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that the keel (16), the inside of the lateral condyle (33), the inside of the medial condyle (34) and the inside of the posterior femoral condyle articular surface (32) are all porous structures for loading with antibacterial factors and osteoinductive agents.

9. Knee joint prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral condyle (33), the medial condyle (34), the posterior femoral condyle articular surface (32) and the tibial tray (1) are all coated with bone cement.