CN112022347A - Positioning device for fracture reduction - Google Patents
Positioning device for fracture reduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN112022347A CN112022347A CN202010948197.7A CN202010948197A CN112022347A CN 112022347 A CN112022347 A CN 112022347A CN 202010948197 A CN202010948197 A CN 202010948197A CN 112022347 A CN112022347 A CN 112022347A
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Abstract
The disclosed embodiment provides a positioner for fracture reduction, including two first locating components, each first locating component includes: the first fixing block comprises a first fixing block body, a first mounting part and a first locking part, wherein the first mounting part and the first locking part are fixedly connected with the first fixing block body; the first locking part is used for relatively fixing the first fixing block and the steel needle penetrating through the first through hole; the first registering block comprises a second mounting part which is pivoted with the first mounting part, a first registering block body which is fixedly connected with the second mounting part, and at least two marking balls which are arranged on the first registering block body at intervals; and the first identification plate is detachably fixed on one side, away from the first fixed block, of the first registration block body, and is provided with a positioning mark. The reduction effect of the fracture reduction can be improved through the scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a positioning device for fracture reduction.
Background
Fracture or broken bone refers to the complete or partial breakdown of the continuity of bone structure. It is common to children and the elderly, and occurs in the middle-aged and young. Patients often have one site fractured and a few multiple fractures. After timely and proper treatment, most patients can recover the original functions, and a few patients can leave sequelae with different degrees.
For patients with fractures and broken bones, the common treatment method comprises two stages, firstly, the fracture part is reset and closed; then, the fracture site after reduction closure is fixed, for example, internally by using an intramedullary nail, a striking plate, or the like, or externally by using an external fixation stent, plaster, or the like. The resetting method has various methods, for example, the resetting can be realized by the hand feeling of a doctor according to the experience of the doctor; or manual reduction under fluoroscopy is carried out by means of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy; in addition, open reduction can be performed by cutting open the skin and soft tissue and visualizing the fracture site.
The existing several reduction methods need to directly or indirectly observe the position and the specific shape of the fracture or broken bone part, but the fracture or broken bone part is wrapped by skin, if open reduction is adopted, the skin and tissues are cut, the specific shape of the fracture or broken bone part is positioned by visual observation, the injury to a patient is large, and the postoperative recovery time is long. While for other reduction methods, the specific shape of the fracture or broken bone portion cannot be located by visual inspection. Specifically, if the reduction is performed by a manipulation, the doctor's experience is relied on, so that the situation of poor reduction is difficult to avoid; if the fractured bone posture is obtained by adopting an intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy mode, radiation injury of doctors and patients is increased, and the X-ray image only provides two-dimensional information and cannot completely know the real-time three-dimensional space position of the fractured bone.
Therefore, how to accurately determine the position and the specific shape of the fractured or fractured bone part under the condition of no perspective or no wound and tissue stripping so as to improve the reduction effect of fracture reduction is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the disclosed embodiment is to provide a positioning device for fracture reduction to improve the reduction effect of fracture reduction. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a positioning device for fracture reduction, including two first positioning assemblies, each of the first positioning assemblies includes:
the first fixing block comprises a first fixing block body, a first mounting part and a first locking part, wherein the first mounting part and the first locking part are fixedly connected with the first fixing block body; the first locking part is used for relatively fixing the first fixing block and the steel needle penetrating through the first through hole;
the first registration block comprises a second mounting part which is pivoted with the first mounting part and can be fixed relative to the first mounting part, a first registration block body which is fixedly connected with the second mounting part, and at least two marker balls which are arranged on the first registration block body at intervals and can be developed in a scanned image of CT scanning; and the number of the first and second groups,
the first identification plate is detachably fixed to one side, away from the first fixed block, of the first registration block body, and a positioning mark is arranged on one side, away from the first fixed block, of the first identification plate.
In some embodiments, the first locking portion comprises a first cylinder, a first lock nut, and a first collet;
the first cylinder is fixedly connected with the first fixing block body and is coaxially arranged with the first through hole, and external threads are arranged on the outer surface of the first cylinder; the first barrel clamp is located in the cavity of the first barrel, and the first locking nut is in threaded connection with the outer surface of the first barrel.
In some embodiments, the first mounting portion includes a first bolt and a first connection end, the first connection end opens a second through hole;
the second mounting part comprises a first bending part which is arranged on one side of the first registration block body and is bent relative to the first registration block body; the first bending part is provided with a first threaded hole corresponding to the second through hole;
the end surface of the first connecting end is opposite to the end surface of the first bending part; the first bolt penetrates through the second through hole and is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole.
In some embodiments, an end surface of the first connection end is provided with first end surface teeth, and an end surface of the first bend is provided with second end surface teeth; the first face teeth and the second face teeth are engaged.
In some embodiments, the first registration block body is an elongated plate-like structure; the number of the marker balls is two, and the marker balls are respectively arranged at two ends of the first registration block body along the length direction.
In some embodiments, a first positioning protrusion with a circular ring shape is arranged at the position where the first registration block body is arranged on the marker ball; the marking ball is arranged in the cavity of the first positioning bulge;
the first identification plate is provided with a first positioning through hole matched with the first positioning bulge.
In some embodiments, the first identification plate is a strip-shaped plate-shaped structure, and the first identification plate includes a first identification plate body and two first protruding portions located on two sides of the first identification plate body and symmetrically disposed.
In some embodiments, identification marks are arranged on both a surface of the first registration block body away from the first fixed block and a surface of the first identification plate body close to the first fixed block.
In some embodiments, further comprising at least one second positioning assembly; the second positioning assembly comprises:
the second fixing block comprises a second fixing block body, a third mounting part and a second locking part, wherein the third mounting part and the second locking part are fixedly connected with the second fixing block body; the second locking part is used for relatively fixing the second fixing block and the steel needle penetrating through the third through hole;
a second registration block comprising a fourth mounting portion pivotally connected to the third mounting portion and a second registration block body fixedly connected to the fourth mounting portion; and the number of the first and second groups,
the second recognition plate is detachably fixed to one side, away from the second fixed block, of the second registration block body, and a positioning mark is arranged on one side, away from the second fixed block, of the second recognition plate.
In some embodiments, the first registration block, the first identification plate, the second registration block, and the second identification plate are all made of rigid plastic.
The positioning device for fracture reduction provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can be applied to two stages of preoperative and intraoperative fracture reduction. Before operation, carrying out CT scanning on a first positioning component which is rigidly connected with the broken bone and is not provided with a first identification plate to obtain the coordinates of a marker ball in a CT coordinate system, and obtaining the corresponding relation between the marker ball and the broken bone through CT data segmentation; in the operation, a first identification plate is arranged on a first registration block of a first positioning component, and an optical navigation system (such as an infrared tracker or a binocular camera or a magnetic navigation positioning instrument) is adopted to track 6DOF (6 DOF) poses of positioning marks on the first identification plate, so as to obtain the space coordinates of the positioning marks on the first identification plate in a system coordinate system of the optical navigation system; determining the spatial corresponding relation between the broken bone and the positioning mark on the first identification plate in the first positioning assembly on the broken bone by utilizing the determined position relation between the positioning mark coordinate on the first identification plate in the device coordinate system of the first positioning assembly and the mark ball coordinate in the CT coordinate system; the optical navigation system identifies and tracks the positioning mark on the first identification plate of the first positioning assembly, so that the real-time tracking of the space pose of the fractured bone can be realized.
According to the positioning device for fracture reduction provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, as the two first positioning assemblies are respectively arranged on different fractured bones, the distance between the two marker balls on one first positioning assembly and the two marker balls on the other positioning assembly is larger; and aiming at each first positioning assembly, at least two marker balls can be arranged at intervals, and the interval distance between the two marker balls can be larger, so that the marker balls are approximate to points, thereby reducing errors, accurately determining the position and the specific shape of a fracture or broken bone part and improving the reduction effect of fracture reduction.
In addition, because the optical navigation system is adopted to track the positioning mark of the positioning device in the operation, the real-time tracking of the fracture space pose is realized, and the fracture part is not required to be subjected to perspective by means of X-ray, so that the radiation injury of a patient and a doctor in the resetting process can be reduced. The accuracy of determining the position and posture of each broken bone at the fracture site is improved under the condition of reducing radiation injury.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a positioning device for fracture reduction mounted on a fractured bone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the positioning device of FIG. 1 with a first identification panel removed;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the first positioning assembly of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is an exploded view of the first fixed block of fig. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first registration block in fig. 3 from another view;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the first identification panel of FIG. 3 from another perspective;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of another positioning device for fracture reduction mounted on a fractured bone according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the positioning device of FIG. 7 with the second identification panel removed;
fig. 9 is an exploded view of the second positioning assembly of fig. 7.
The reference numerals in the figures are explained as follows:
1-a first positioning assembly;
11-a first fixed block;
111-a first fixed block body;
1121-first bolt, 1122-first connection end, 1123-first end face tooth;
1131 — first cylinder, 1132 — first lock nut, 1133 — first collet;
12-the first registration block-the registration block,
121-a first registration block body, 1211-a marker ball, 1212-a first positioning projection, 1214-a character, 1215-a first anti-misinsertion projection;
1221-first bent portion, 1222-second end face tooth, 1223-first threaded hole;
13-first identification plate, 131-first identification plate body, 1311-first positioning through hole, 1312-character, 1313-first misplug prevention groove, 132-first protrusion;
2-a second positioning assembly;
21-a second fixed block;
211-second fixed block body;
2121-second bolt, 2122-second connecting end, 2123-third end face tooth;
2131-a second cylinder, 2132-a second lock nut, 2133-a second collet;
22 — a second registration block;
221-a second registration block body, 2211-a second positioning projection; 2112-character, 2113-second misplug prevention protrusion;
2221-second bend, 2222-fourth end face tooth, 2223-second threaded hole;
231-a second recognition plate body, 2311-a second positioning through hole, 2312-characters, 2313-a second misplug prevention groove and 232-a second protrusion;
3-steel needle, 4-connecting rod, 5-connecting piece, 6-broken bone.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present disclosure provides a positioning device for fracture reduction, which includes an external fixation frame and two first positioning assemblies 1. The external fixing frame comprises a steel needle 3, a connecting rod 4 and a connecting piece 5, wherein the steel needle 3 is fixedly arranged on a broken bone 6, and the connecting rod 4 connects the steel needles on the broken bone into a whole through the connecting piece 5. One steel needle 3 on each broken bone 6 is provided with a first positioning component. In order to facilitate the direct removal of the positioning component after the operation, the connecting piece 5 of the external fixing frame is about 2cm away from the skin under the general condition.
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, each of the first positioning assemblies 1 includes:
the first fixing block 11 comprises a first fixing block body 111, a first mounting part fixedly connected with the first fixing block body 111 and a first locking part, wherein a first through hole for a steel needle to pass through is formed in the first fixing block body 111; the first locking part is used for relatively fixing the first fixing block 11 and the steel needle penetrating through the first through hole;
a first registration block 12, wherein the first registration block 12 comprises a second mounting part which is pivotally connected with the first mounting part and can be fixed relative to the first mounting part, a first registration block body 121 fixedly connected with the second mounting part, and at least two marker balls 1211 which are arranged on the first registration block body 121 at intervals and can be developed in a scanning image of a CT (computed tomography) scan; and the number of the first and second groups,
the first identification plate 13 is detachably fixed to one side, away from the first fixing block 11, of the first registration block body 121 through bolts, and a positioning mark is arranged on one side, away from the first fixing block 11, of the first identification plate 13.
The positioning device for fracture reduction provided by the embodiment of the disclosure needs to be installed on a broken bone of a patient in advance through a steel needle, wherein the steel needle usually adopts a schneiderian needle or a kirschner needle.
The marker balls 1211 developed in the scanned image of the CT scan are generally metal balls, and in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the marker balls 1211 may be aluminum alloy balls or titanium alloy balls.
The angle of the first recognition plate 13 on the first registration block 12 can be adjusted by the pivotal connection of the first mounting part with the second mounting part; and after the angle of the first recognition plate 13 is adjusted to the right position, the first installation part and the second installation part are relatively fixed, so that the first recognition plate 13 is fixed at the preset position.
The positioning mark is used for providing positioning data and can be an identification pattern designed according to a certain rule, and the identification pattern is printed or pasted on the first identification plate.
Because the number of the marking balls arranged on the first positioning component is less, the size of the first positioning component can be reduced to a certain extent, and therefore, each broken bone at the fracture part can be moved conveniently in the resetting process.
When the positioning device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is adopted to reset each broken bone at the fracture part, the steel needle is only required to be installed on each broken bone in a minimally invasive mode, the positioning device is arranged on the steel needle, the skin and the tissue of a patient are not required to be cut, and a large wound is avoided, so that the injury to the patient can be reduced, and the postoperative rehabilitation time of the patient is shortened.
The positioning device for fracture reduction provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can be applied to two stages of preoperative and intraoperative fracture reduction. Before operation, carrying out CT scanning on a first positioning component which is rigidly connected with the broken bone and is not provided with a first identification plate to obtain the coordinates of a marker ball in a CT coordinate system, and obtaining the corresponding relation between the marker ball and the broken bone through CT data segmentation; in the operation, a first identification plate is arranged on a first registration block of a first positioning component, and an optical navigation system (such as an infrared tracker or a binocular camera or a magnetic navigation positioning instrument) is adopted to track 6DOF (6 DOF) poses of positioning marks on the first identification plate, so as to obtain the space coordinates of the positioning marks on the first identification plate in a system coordinate system of the optical navigation system; determining the spatial corresponding relation between the broken bone and the positioning mark on the first identification plate in the first positioning assembly on the broken bone by utilizing the determined position relation between the positioning mark coordinate on the first identification plate in the device coordinate system of the first positioning assembly and the mark ball coordinate in the CT coordinate system; the optical navigation system identifies and tracks the positioning mark on the first identification plate of the first positioning assembly, so that the real-time tracking of the space pose of the fractured bone can be realized.
According to the positioning device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, as the two first positioning assemblies are respectively arranged on different fractured bones, the distance between the two marker balls on one first positioning assembly and the two marker balls on the other positioning assembly is larger; and aiming at each first positioning assembly, at least two marker balls can be arranged at intervals, and the interval distance between the two marker balls can be larger, so that the marker balls are approximate to points, thereby reducing errors, accurately determining the position and the specific shape of a fracture or broken bone part and improving the reduction effect of fracture reduction.
In addition, because the optical navigation system is adopted to track the positioning mark of the positioning device in the operation, the real-time tracking of the fracture space pose is realized, and the fracture part is not required to be subjected to perspective by means of X-ray, so that the radiation injury of a patient and a doctor in the resetting process can be reduced. The accuracy of determining the position and posture of each broken bone at the fracture site is improved under the condition of reducing radiation injury.
As shown in fig. 4, in some embodiments, the first locking portion comprises a first barrel 1131, a first lock nut 1132, and a first barrel clamp 1133;
the first cylinder 1131 is fixedly connected to the first fixing block body 111 and is coaxially disposed with the first through hole, and an external thread is disposed on an outer surface thereof; the first collet 1133 is located within the cavity of the first cylinder 1131, and the first lock nut 1132 is threadably coupled to the outer surface of the first cylinder 1131.
Through rotatory first lock nut 1132, screw up it with first barrel 1131, the first barrel clamp 1133 in the compressible first barrel 1131 cavity utilizes first barrel clamp 1133 to press from both sides tight steel needle, realizes fixing first fixed block 11 and the steel needle relative fixation who wears to locate in the first through-hole, avoids whole first positioning subassembly 1 rotatory around the steel needle.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in some embodiments, the first mounting portion includes a first bolt 1121 and a first connection end 1122, and the first connection end 1122 is opened with a second through hole;
the second mounting portion includes a first bending portion 1221 that is disposed at one side of the first registration block body 121 and is bent with respect to the first registration block body 121; the first bending part 1221 is provided with a first threaded hole 1223 corresponding to the second through hole;
an end surface of the first connection end 1122 is opposite to an end surface of the first bent portion 1221; the first bolt 1121 penetrates through the second through hole to be in threaded connection with the first threaded hole 1223.
The first connection end 1122 of the first fixing block 11 is pivotally connected to the first bending portion 1221 of the first registration block 12 by the first bolt 1121, so that the position adjustment of the first recognition plate on the first registration block 12 can be realized before the intraoperative restoration; namely, the first registration block 12 is rotated by loosening the first bolt 1121 to adjust the position thereof relative to the first fixing block 11, and when the fixedly connected first identification plate 13 on the first registration block 12 satisfies the preset position, the first bolt 1121 is tightened to fix the first identification plate 13 relative to the first fixing block 11.
As shown in fig. 5, in order to control the distance between the recognition plate and the skin of the patient near the fractured bone, reserve an installation space for the external fixation frame, and ensure the stability of the installed positioning assembly, a first bending portion 1221 may be provided at the waist position of the first registration block body 121.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in some embodiments, an end surface of the first connection end 1122 is provided with first end surface teeth 1123, and an end surface of the first bend 1221 is provided with second end surface teeth 1222; the first end face teeth 1123 and the second end face teeth 1222 are engaged.
Considering that when the first fixing block 11 and the first registration block 12 are connected by the first bolt 1121, the first registration block 12 and the first fixing block 11 relatively move when vibration or impact is applied, so that the position of the first recognition plate 13 on the first registration block 12 changes, the first end face tooth 1123 is disposed on the end face of the first connection end 1122, and the second end face tooth 1222 is disposed on the end face of the first bent portion 1221 in the embodiment of the disclosure; the first registration block 12 is prevented from moving relative to the first fixing block 11 by the engagement of the first end face teeth 1123 and the second end face teeth 1222; and the position of the first recognition plate on the first registration block 12 can also be precisely adjusted by the number of face teeth.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, in some embodiments, the first registration block body 121 is an elongated plate-like structure; the number of the marker balls 1211 is two, and the marker balls are respectively disposed at both ends of the first registration block body 121 in the length direction.
When the number of the marker balls 1211 is two, one marker ball 1211 may be disposed at one end of the first registration block body 121, and the other marker ball 1211 may be disposed at the other end thereof, such that the distance between the two marker balls may be as large as possible, and the error may be reduced, thereby accurately determining the position and the specific shape of the fractured or fractured bone portion, and improving the reduction effect of the fracture reduction.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, in some embodiments, the first registration block body 121 is provided with a circular ring-shaped first positioning protrusion 1212 at the position where the marker ball 1211 is provided; the marker ball 1211 is mounted in the cavity of the first positioning protrusion 1212;
the first identification board 13 is provided with a first positioning through hole 1311 matched with the first positioning protrusion 1212.
The embodiment of the present disclosure can quickly and accurately mount the first recognition plate 13 on the first registration block 12 through the first positioning protrusion 1212 on the first registration block body 121 and the first positioning through hole 1311 on the first recognition plate 13. And the first positioning protrusion 1212 is formed in a circular ring shape, the marker ball 1211 may be conveniently installed in the cavity of the first positioning protrusion 1212.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 6, in some embodiments, the first identification plate 13 has a strip-shaped plate structure, and the first identification plate 13 includes a first identification plate body 131 and two first protrusions 132 symmetrically disposed on two sides of the first identification plate body 131.
By providing the first protrusion 132, the area of the first recognition plate 13 can be enlarged, so that more recognition patterns are provided on the first protrusion 132 to provide more accurate positioning data. In addition, the length of the first protrusion 132 may be determined according to the length of each fractured bone and the distance between the steel pins on the adjacent fractured bones. Therefore, the specification of the first recognition plate 13 may be various, and the number of specific specifications is determined according to actual conditions.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 5 and 6, in some embodiments, the side of the first registration block body 121 away from the first fixing block 11 and the side of the first recognition plate body 131 close to the first fixing block 11 are provided with recognition marks, and the recognition marks are characters 1214 and 1312.
By providing the characters 1214, 1312 on the first registration block 12 and the first recognition board 13, the operator can quickly and accurately select the first registration block 12 and the first recognition board 13. Of course, in addition to the characters, the first registration block body 121 and the first recognition plate 13 may be painted with colors that are easily recognized.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in some embodiments, the presently disclosed embodiments provide a positioning device for fracture reduction, further comprising a second positioning assembly 2; the second positioning assembly 2 comprises:
the second fixing block 21 comprises a second fixing block body 211, a third mounting part fixedly connected with the second fixing block body 211 and a second locking part, wherein a third through hole for a steel needle to pass through is formed in the second fixing block body 211; the second locking part is used for relatively fixing the second fixing block 21 and the steel needle penetrating through the third through hole;
a second registration block 22, the second registration block 22 including a fourth mounting portion pivotally connected to the third mounting portion and capable of being fixed relative to the third mounting portion, and a second registration block body 221 fixedly connected to the fourth mounting portion; and the number of the first and second groups,
the second identification plate is detachably fixed to one side, away from the second fixed block 21, of the second registration block body 221 through bolts, and a positioning mark is arranged on one side, away from the second fixed block 21, of the second identification plate.
If more than two broken bones are generated during fracture, after the first positioning assemblies in the embodiment are respectively installed on the broken bones at the two ends of the outermost side, the second positioning assembly in the embodiment can be installed on the middle broken bone, and the positioning marks on the second identification plate of the second positioning assembly are identified and tracked through the optical navigation system, so that the real-time tracking of the space pose of the middle broken bone is realized.
The second positioning component 2 is not provided with a marker ball; for the second positioning component without the marker ball, the whole volume is smaller, and the space reserved for the operation of a doctor is large, so that each broken bone at the fracture part can be conveniently moved in the reduction process.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the second locking portion comprises a second barrel 2131, a second lock nut 2132, and a second collet 2133;
the second cylinder 2131 is fixedly connected with the second fixed block body 211 and is coaxially arranged with the third through hole, and external threads are arranged on the outer surface of the second cylinder; the second collet 2133 is positioned within the cavity of the second barrel 2131 and the second lock nut 2132 is threadably coupled to the outer surface of the second barrel 2131.
The second locking nut 2132 is screwed with the second cylinder 2131 by rotating the second locking nut 2132, the second collet 2133 in the cavity of the second cylinder 2131 can be compressed, the steel needle is clamped by the second collet 2133, the second fixing block 21 and the steel needle penetrating through the third through hole are relatively fixed, and the whole second positioning assembly 2 is prevented from rotating around the steel needle.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the third mounting portion includes a second bolt 2121 and a second connecting end 2122, and the second connecting end 2122 is provided with a fourth through hole;
the third mounting portion includes a second bending portion 2221 that is provided at one side of the second registration block body 221 and is bent with respect to the second registration block body 221; the second bending portion 2221 is provided with a second threaded hole 2223 corresponding to the fourth through hole;
an end surface of the second connecting end 2122 is opposite to the end surface of the second bending portion 2221; the second bolt 2121 penetrates through the fourth through hole to be in threaded connection with the second threaded hole 2223.
The second connecting end 2122 of the second fixing block 21 is pivotally connected to the second bending portion 2221 of the second registration block 22 by the second bolt 2121, so that the position adjustment of the second recognition plate on the second registration block 22 can be realized before the intraoperative restoration; that is, the second registration block 22 is rotated by loosening the second bolt 2121 to adjust its position relative to the second fixing block 21, and when the second identification plate 23 fixedly connected to the second registration block 22 satisfies the preset position, the second bolt 2121 is tightened to fix the second identification plate 23 relative to the second fixing block 21.
The second registration block body 221 of the second positioning assembly 2 is not provided with a marker ball, and in order to control the distance between the recognition plate and the skin near the fractured bone of the patient, reserve an installation space for the external fixation frame, and ensure the stability of the installed positioning assembly, a second bending portion 2221 may be provided at the end of the second registration block body 221.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the end surface of the second connecting end 2122 is provided with third end teeth 2123, and the end surface of the second bending portion 2221 is provided with fourth end teeth 2222; the third end teeth 2123 and the fourth end teeth 2222 are engaged.
Considering that when the second fixed block 21 and the second alignment block 22 are connected by the second bolt 2121, and the second registration block 22 and the second fixed block 21 relatively move when vibration or impact is applied, which causes the position of the second identification plate 23 on the second registration block 22 to change, the disclosed embodiment provides a third end face tooth 2123 on the end face of the second connection end 2122, and a fourth end face tooth 2222 on the end face of the second bent portion 2221; the second registration block 22 and the second fixing block 21 are prevented from moving relatively by the engagement of the third end face teeth 2123 and the fourth end face teeth 2222; and the position of the second recognition plate on the second registration block 22 can also be finely adjusted by the number of face teeth.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the second registration block body 221 is an elongated plate-like structure.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the second registration block body 221 is provided with a cylindrical second positioning protrusion 2211; the second identification plate is provided with a second positioning through hole 2311 matched with the second positioning protrusion 2211.
The embodiment of the present disclosure can quickly and accurately mount the second recognition plate 23 on the second registration block 22 through the second positioning protrusion 2211 on the second registration block body 221 and the second positioning through hole 2311 on the second recognition plate 23. Since the second registration block body 221 of the second positioning assembly 2 is not provided with marker balls, regardless of the distance between the marker balls, the second positioning projection 2211 may be provided at the middle of the second registration block body 221.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the second recognition plate has a strip-shaped plate structure, and the second recognition plate includes a second recognition plate body 231 and two second protrusions 232 located at both sides of the second recognition plate body 231 and symmetrically disposed.
By providing the second protrusion 232, the area of the second recognition plate 23 can be enlarged, so that more recognition patterns are provided at the second protrusion 232 to provide more accurate positioning data. In addition, the length of the second protrusion 232 may be determined according to the length of each fractured bone and the distance between the steel pins on the adjacent fractured bones. Therefore, the specification of the second recognition plate 23 may be various, and the number of specific specifications is determined according to actual conditions.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, a side of the second registration block body 221 away from the second fixed block 21 and a side of the second recognition plate body 231 close to the second fixed block 21 are provided with recognition marks, and the recognition marks are characters 2112 and 2312.
By providing characters 2112, 2312 at the second registration block 22 and the second recognition board 23, the operator can quickly and accurately select the second registration block 22 and the second recognition board 23. Of course, in addition to the characters, colors that are easily recognized may be provided to the second registration block 22 and the second recognition plate 23.
In addition, in order to prevent the recognition board of one positioning assembly from being mis-mounted to the registration block of another positioning assembly, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a first mis-insertion prevention protrusion 1215 is provided on the first registration block body 121 of the first positioning assembly 1, and a first mis-insertion prevention groove 1313 corresponding to the first mis-insertion prevention protrusion 1215 is provided on the first recognition board body 131; as shown in fig. 9, a second erroneous insertion prevention protrusion 2113 is provided on the second registration block body 221 of the second positioning member 2, and a second erroneous insertion prevention groove 2313 corresponding to the second erroneous insertion prevention protrusion 2113 is provided on the second recognition plate body 231; wherein the position of the first anti-misinsertion tab 1215 on the first registration mass body 121 is different from the position of the second anti-misinsertion tab 2113 on the second registration mass body 221.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the first registration block 12, the first identification plate 13, the second registration block 22, and the second identification plate are made of hard plastic.
There are many types of hard plastics, and materials such as Polyoxymethylene (POM) and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) may be used in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Of course, the first registration block 12, the first identification plate 13, the second registration block 22 and the second identification plate may be made of other non-metallic materials.
In addition, in order to make the positioning assembly stably and firmly installed, the first fixing block 11 and the second fixing block 21 may be made of a metal material such as an aluminum alloy or a titanium alloy.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure are included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A positioning device for reduction of bone fractures, characterized in that it comprises two first positioning assemblies (1), each of said first positioning assemblies (1) comprising:
the first fixing block (11) comprises a first fixing block body (111), a first mounting part and a first locking part, wherein the first mounting part and the first locking part are fixedly connected with the first fixing block body (111), and a first through hole for a steel needle to penetrate through is formed in the first fixing block body (111); the first locking part is used for relatively fixing the first fixing block (11) and the steel needle penetrating through the first through hole;
a first registration block (12), wherein the first registration block (12) comprises a second mounting part which is pivoted with the first mounting part and can be fixed relative to the first mounting part, a first registration block body (121) fixedly connected with the second mounting part, and at least two marker balls (1211) which are arranged on the first registration block body (121) at intervals and can be developed in a scanning image of CT scanning; and the number of the first and second groups,
the first identification plate (13) is detachably fixed to one side, away from the first fixing block (11), of the first registration block body (121), and a positioning mark is arranged on one side, away from the first fixing block (11), of the first identification plate (13).
2. The positioning device of claim 1, wherein the first lock includes a first barrel (1131), a first lock nut (1132), and a first collet (1133);
the first cylinder (1131) is fixedly connected with the first fixed block body (111) and is coaxially arranged with the first through hole, and external threads are arranged on the outer surface of the first cylinder; the first collet (1133) is located within a cavity of the first barrel (1131), and the first lock nut (1132) is threadably coupled to an outer surface of the first barrel (1131).
3. The positioning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first mounting portion comprises a first bolt (1121) and a first connection end (1122), and the first connection end (1122) is provided with a second through hole;
the second mounting part comprises a first bending part (1221) which is arranged on one side of the first registration block body (121) and is bent relative to the first registration block body (121); the first bending part (1221) is provided with a first threaded hole (1223) corresponding to the second through hole;
an end surface of the first connection end (1122) is opposite to an end surface of the first bent portion (1221); the first bolt (1121) penetrates through the second through hole to be in threaded connection with the first threaded hole (1223).
4. A positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that the end face of the first connection end (1122) is provided with first end face teeth (1123), and the end face of the first bend (1221) is provided with second end face teeth (1222); the first face teeth (1123) and the second face teeth (1222) are engaged.
5. The positioning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first registration block body (121) is an elongated plate-like structure; the number of the marker balls (1211) is two, and the marker balls are respectively arranged at two ends of the first registration block body (121) along the length direction.
6. The positioning device according to claim 5, wherein the first registration block body (121) is provided with a circular ring-shaped first positioning protrusion (1212) at the position where the marker ball (1211) is provided; the marker ball (1211) is mounted in a cavity of the first positioning protrusion (1212);
and a first positioning through hole (1311) matched with the first positioning bulge (1212) is formed in the first identification plate (13).
7. The positioning device according to claim 5, wherein the first identification plate (13) is a strip-shaped plate-shaped structure, and the first identification plate (13) comprises a first identification plate body (131) and two first protrusions (132) which are symmetrically arranged and located on two sides of the first identification plate body (131).
8. The positioning device according to claim 7, wherein the face of the first registration block body (121) away from the first fixing block (11) and the face of the first identification plate body (131) close to the first fixing block (11) are provided with identification marks.
9. The positioning device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises at least one second positioning assembly (2); the second positioning assembly (2) comprises:
the second fixing block (21) comprises a second fixing block body (211), a third mounting part and a second locking part, wherein the third mounting part and the second locking part are fixedly connected with the second fixing block body (211), and a third through hole for a steel needle to pass through is formed in the second fixing block body (211); the second locking part is used for relatively fixing the second fixing block (21) and the steel needle penetrating through the third through hole;
a second registration block (22), the second registration block (22) including a fourth mounting portion pivotally connected to the third mounting portion and a second registration block body (221) fixedly connected to the fourth mounting portion; and the number of the first and second groups,
the second recognition plate is detachably fixed to one side, away from the second fixed block (21), of the second registration block body (221), and a positioning mark is arranged on one side, away from the second fixed block (21), of the second recognition plate.
10. The positioning device according to claim 9, wherein the first registration block (12), the first identification plate (13), the second registration block (22) and the second identification plate are made of rigid plastic.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010948197.7A CN112022347A (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Positioning device for fracture reduction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010948197.7A CN112022347A (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Positioning device for fracture reduction |
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| CN112022347A true CN112022347A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010948197.7A Pending CN112022347A (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Positioning device for fracture reduction |
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| CN (1) | CN112022347A (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN113208745A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 北京长木谷医疗科技有限公司 | Thighbone locating rack |
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