CN112022206A - Ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and control method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112022206A CN112022206A CN202010964847.7A CN202010964847A CN112022206A CN 112022206 A CN112022206 A CN 112022206A CN 202010964847 A CN202010964847 A CN 202010964847A CN 112022206 A CN112022206 A CN 112022206A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ultrasonic
- drug delivery
- focusing
- cyclic
- imaging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000013271 transdermal drug delivery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012285 ultrasound imaging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010579 first pass effect Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000554 physical therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008591 skin barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M37/0092—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic vibrations, e.g. phonophoresis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4483—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
- A61B8/4488—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer the transducer being a phased array
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N7/00—Ultrasound therapy
- A61N7/02—Localised ultrasound hyperthermia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M37/00—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin
- A61M2037/0007—Other apparatus for introducing media into the body; Percutany, i.e. introducing medicines into the body by diffusion through the skin having means for enhancing the permeation of substances through the epidermis, e.g. using suction or depression, electric or magnetic fields, sound waves or chemical agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N7/00—Ultrasound therapy
- A61N2007/0004—Applications of ultrasound therapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N7/00—Ultrasound therapy
- A61N2007/0052—Ultrasound therapy using the same transducer for therapy and imaging
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N7/00—Ultrasound therapy
- A61N2007/0078—Ultrasound therapy with multiple treatment transducers
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic device for combined imaging and circulating focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery, which comprises an ultrasonic host and an ultrasonic transducer array integrated with imaging and treatment functions, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is used for converting an electric signal into an acoustic signal and converting the acoustic signal into the electric signal, and can transmit different ultrasonic fields and generate different receiving effects according to different signal waveforms, amplitudes and phases; the control method adopts circulating focusing emission, and can form a continuous strong sound field vertical to the depth direction on a transdermal drug delivery passage, thereby providing continuous driving force for drug particles, facilitating the drug particles to reach subcutaneous deeper focus and better performing drug penetration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and a control method, belonging to the technical field of medical instruments.
Background
Ultrasonic waves are mechanical vibrations with a vibration frequency exceeding 20000Hz, generally generated by ultrasonic transducers, which can propagate in solids, liquids, gases. The ultrasonic wave with a certain power can be used for disease treatment, transdermal drug delivery, physical therapy and beauty treatment and the like in the aspect of medical treatment. In order to realize more convenient control and stronger functions, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are generally combined into an array for use, and different ultrasonic waves are emitted under the control of a control circuit to meet different service requirements.
Ultrasonic imaging is the process of transmitting ultrasonic waves into a human body, reflecting the ultrasonic waves after encountering an object, and reconstructing a real-time image in the human body according to information such as amplitude, time, frequency and the like of reflected sound waves. Ultrasound imaging can be used for disease diagnosis, lesion localization, therapy guidance, therapy monitoring, efficacy assessment, and the like. Ultrasonic waves are used in a non-invasive, painless and radiationless manner, so that the equipment is relatively cheap, and the ultrasonic wave ultrasonic diagnostic device is a widely used medical diagnostic means.
Transdermal drug delivery refers to a therapeutic method in which a drug is placed on the skin and then physically or chemically introduced into the skin to enter the circulatory system for therapeutic action. Transdermal drug delivery therapy has the unique advantage over the general methods of drug delivery that it does not involve the "first pass effect" of the liver and the destruction of the gastrointestinal tract. The transdermal drug delivery treatment method has unique advantages, becomes a research hotspot of medical workers at home and abroad in recent years, and develops rapidly. Compared with a chemical promoter, the ultrasonic transdermal drug delivery has high safety, the skin barrier function is recovered more quickly after the ultrasonic stops, the permeation process of the drug is deeper, the drug cannot be destroyed by electrolysis, the polarization problem does not exist, and the phenomenon of no electric stimulation is caused.
Improving the efficacy of transdermal drug delivery can be started from two aspects: firstly, target administration is accurately carried out on a target area, the utilization rate of the medicine is improved, and the damage of the medicine to normal tissues is reduced as much as possible; and secondly, the transdermal efficiency of the medicine is improved, less medicine can be used to achieve the same treatment effect, and the transdermal efficiency of the medicine is valuable particularly under the condition that the focus is positioned at a deeper position. H.Peltier et al propose an apparatus for administering drugs beneath the skin in an apparatus for transdermal drug delivery and a method of operating such an apparatus (CN101466432A) that improves the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery by focusing the ultrasound emitted by an ultrasound diaphragm transducer toward the target area. Lemna minor et al propose a vacuum negative pressure ultrasonic transdermal drug delivery device (CN104689465A) which uses a negative pressure device for generating negative pressure suction to human body surface and an air extraction bag for generating negative pressure in the negative pressure device to apply ultrasonic transdermal drug delivery.
These devices can target drug delivery to some extent and improve the efficiency of ultrasound transdermal drug delivery, but still have several disadvantages: 1. The transdermal drug delivery equipment is not tightly combined with the guidance of the imaging equipment, or the equipment needs to be replaced for transdermal drug delivery after the imaging equipment is positioned, so that the guidance precision is reduced, and accurate targeted transdermal drug delivery cannot be carried out; 2. the focal point region in the ultrasonic field has the maximum sound wave intensity, the particle vibration direction is vertical to the depth direction, the penetration effect of the ultrasonic waves to the medicine particles to the deep part of the human body is the strongest, and the equipment only has one focusing position and cannot effectively push the medicine particles for a long distance in the depth direction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmitting transdermal drug delivery and a control method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides an ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery, which comprises an ultrasonic host and an ultrasonic transducer array integrated with imaging and treatment functions, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is used for converting an electric signal into an acoustic signal and converting the acoustic signal into the electric signal, and can transmit different ultrasonic fields and generate different receiving effects according to different signal waveforms, amplitudes and phases, and the ultrasonic host is used for driving the ultrasonic transducer array to complete the transmission and the reception required by imaging and the transmission required by transdermal drug delivery, so that ultrasonic imaging and ultrasonic cyclic focusing transmission under the guidance of ultrasonic imaging are realized, and an ultrasonic focusing channel from shallow to deep is formed.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic host comprises a channel switching circuit, a receiving/transmitting switching circuit, an ultrasonic transmitting circuit, an ultrasonic receiving circuit and an FPGA, wherein the FPGA and the ultrasonic transmitting circuit are connected with the ultrasonic receiving circuit and are connected with a PC through a communication interface; the ultrasonic transmitting circuit and the ultrasonic receiving circuit are connected with the receiving/transmitting switching circuit, and corresponding circuits are respectively selected to be connected with the channel switching circuit in the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving stages; the channel switching circuit is connected with the ultrasonic transducer array and used for selecting different ultrasonic transducer array elements at different ultrasonic working time stages.
Furthermore, the FPGA is a main control component of the ultrasonic circuit and is used for communicating with a PC and controlling ultrasonic transmission and reception; the ultrasonic transmitting circuit transmits ultrasonic signals with specified waveforms, amplitudes and phases according to the control instructions of the FPGA; the receiving/transmitting switching circuit selects a corresponding circuit to be switched on according to the current ultrasonic working stage; the channel switching circuit is used for connecting the ultrasonic circuit with different ultrasonic transducer array elements and realizing that the number of ultrasonic circuit channels controls more transducer array elements in a time division multiplexing mode.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer array is tightly attached to a medicine pool on the surface of the skin, the transducer array is in a linear form and has N array elements, the width of each array element is L, the interval between every two adjacent array elements is dL, and the moving focus is realized through different phases of driving signals during transmission.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a control method of the ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery, firstly, the ultrasonic host works in an imaging mode, a target range of transdermal drug delivery is marked out according to an in-vivo image of a patient obtained by ultrasonic imaging, then the ultrasonic host generates a control signal and drives the ultrasonic transducer array to transmit ultrasonic waves required by drug delivery to the target range, wherein the transmission of the ultrasonic waves comprises automatic cyclic focusing transmission in the depth direction and automatic drug delivery and sound beam transmission in the horizontal direction, and the sound beam transmission is automatically moved one by one in the horizontal direction.
Furthermore, the phase of the driving signal is changed, so that the focusing position of the ultrasonic field gradually extends from the subcutaneous shallow position to the deep position, the characteristics that the sound wave intensity of a focus area is maximum and the vibration direction of mass points is vertical to the depth direction are fully exerted, and a continuous driving force is formed in a circulating mode in sequence to push the medicine particles to the deep position of a human body; and then after cyclic focusing emission for a certain time, changing an emission sequence of the transducer array, moving to a nearby space position to perform the same cyclic focusing emission, and thus, after a plurality of times of movement of the emission space position, realizing the drug push covering the whole target area.
Furthermore, in the cycle focusing emission, different array element numbers are opened according to different focal depths, a smaller array element aperture is used in a near field region, and the number of the emitted array elements is reduced; and a larger aperture is used in a far field area, the number of the transmitted array elements is increased, and the number of the opened effective apertures is gradually increased along with the increase of the detection depth until the array elements are completely opened.
Further, based on the fact that the sound pressure generated by the transducer array element is reduced to half of the maximum value, namely, the angle at the position of-6 dB, if the included angle between the connecting line between the central point and the focus of the transducer array element and the normal direction of the transducer is smaller than-6 dB half open angle, the array element is openable, and the calculation formula of the half open angle is as follows:
where λ is the wavelength of the acoustic wave in the propagation medium and L is the width of the transducer element.
Further, according to the longitudinal length of the focal point, the adjacent focal point longitudinal lengths are connected, and the focal point longitudinal length formula is as follows:
where c is the speed of sound in the propagation medium, fcThe center frequency, D the distance from the focal point to the transducer, and a the total length of all the array elements that are turned on.
According to the transverse width of the focus, the adjacent sound beams are connected transversely after the sound beams are moved each time, and the transverse width formula of the focus is as follows:
where λ is the acoustic wavelength in the propagation medium and BW is-6 dB frequency response bandwidth.
Furthermore, after an area to be dosed is defined, dosing emission parameters are set, then the number and the positions of the focuses, the number and the positions of the acoustic beams are automatically calculated by the ultrasonic host, the corresponding emission aperture of each focus is automatically calculated, then the system automatically carries out circulating focusing emission in the depth direction, ultrasonic imaging emission and receiving are alternated at intervals, and after the dosing emission on one acoustic beam is completed, the dosing emission acoustic beams are automatically moved one by one in the horizontal direction until all target areas are covered to complete dosing.
The principle and the effect of the invention are as follows:
the invention can form a continuous strong sound field vertical to the depth direction on the transdermal drug delivery passage, thereby providing continuous and dynamic power for drug particles and being beneficial to reaching subcutaneous deep focus.
The ultrasonic transducer array can realize the focusing of a sound field at different positions by changing the phase of the driving signal of each array element. By changing the phase of the drive signal, the focus position of the ultrasound field can be continuously changed, extending gradually from a subcutaneous shallow position to a deep position. After finishing once continuous focusing emission from shallow to deep, the device returns to the shallow again and starts continuous focusing emission one by one, the characteristics that the sound wave intensity in the focal region is maximum and the particle vibration direction is vertical to the depth direction are fully exerted, and a continuous driving force is formed in a circulating mode in sequence to push the medicine particles to the deep part of the human body. After a certain number of times of cyclic focusing emission, enough medicine in the ultrasonic field focal domain width range is pushed to the focus. The transmission sequence of the transducer array is changed, and the transducer array is moved to a nearby spatial position to perform the same cycle focusing transmission, so that the medicines in the same width range are pushed to the focus. The medicine pushing covering the whole target area is realized through the movement of the emission space position for a plurality of times.
Because each element of the transducer array has a certain width, the inherent characteristic of different sound field intensities at different angles exists when the sound wave is emitted. When the transducer array carries out focusing transmission, particularly when the focal point is close to the array, the sound field transmitted by some array elements at the edge of the array does not help to form a good focal point, and a strong near-field chaotic effect is caused to influence the focusing characteristic of the sound field. At this time, the emitting state of the array elements needs to be controlled according to the position of the focus, and only a part of the array elements are opened to emit, namely, the variable aperture control mode is adopted.
The method of dynamic aperture adopted by the invention is used for ultrasonic focusing, and a smaller array element aperture is used in a near field region, so that the number of transmitted array elements is reduced; and a larger aperture can be used in a far field area, so that the number of transmitted array elements is increased. The effective aperture number of the dynamic aperture technology is opened gradually increases along with the increase of the detection depth until the dynamic aperture technology is completely opened. The dynamic aperture technology can keep the beam shape of the sound field in a better form in the whole drug administration area.
Secondly, the invention determines the number of focus points in each cycle and the distance of each movement of the sound beam according to the length (corresponding to the depth direction under the skin) and the width (corresponding to the direction parallel to the skin surface) of the focal region generated when focusing is carried out at different positions. In the depth direction, the focus position is changed every time, and the length directions of two adjacent focus areas are connected as the standard; in the parallel direction, the distance of moving the sound beam each time is based on the connection of the width directions of two adjacent focal areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of transdermal drug delivery combining ultrasound imaging with cyclic focused emission.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a combined ultrasound imaging and cyclic focusing transmit transdermal drug delivery device.
Figure 3 is a flow chart for combined ultrasound imaging and cyclic focused emission transdermal drug delivery.
Figure 4 is a timing diagram for combined ultrasound imaging and cyclic focused emission transdermal drug delivery.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of ultrasound cyclic focused emission.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the ultrasonic cyclic focusing emission sound field, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic beam focusing administration at position 1, (b) is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic beam focusing administration at position 2, and (c) is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic beam focusing administration at position 3. The depths of positions 1-3 increase in order.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the drug pool with the integrated imaging and therapy functions of the ultrasound transducer array clinging to the skin surface is driven by the ultrasound host. The transducer array is linear form, totally N array elements, and every array element width is L, and the interval is dL between the adjacent array element, and the transducer array can launch simultaneously and receive the ultrasonic wave, realizes moving focus through the phase place difference. When the imaging device is used, firstly, imaging transmission and receiving are carried out, and real-time imaging is carried out. The range of transdermal drug delivery is determined by observing imaging images, and ultrasonic emission parameters are adjusted to achieve accurate targeted drug delivery.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention includes an ultrasound host and an ultrasound transducer array. The supersound host computer includes: the ultrasonic wave transmission device comprises a channel switching circuit 1, a receiving/transmitting switching circuit 2, an ultrasonic transmitting circuit 3, an ultrasonic receiving circuit 4 and an FPGA 5. The FPGA5 is connected with the ultrasonic transmitting circuit 3 and the ultrasonic receiving circuit 4 and is connected with the PC through a communication interface; the ultrasonic transmitting circuit 3 and the ultrasonic receiving circuit 4 are connected with the receiving/transmitting switching circuit 2, and corresponding circuits are respectively selected to be connected with the channel switching circuit 1 in the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving stages; the channel switching circuit 1 is connected with the ultrasonic transducer array, and different ultrasonic transducer array elements are gated at different ultrasonic working time stages. The FPGA5 is a main control component of the ultrasonic circuit and is responsible for communicating with a PC and controlling ultrasonic transmission and reception; the ultrasonic transmitting circuit 3 transmits ultrasonic signals with specified waveforms, amplitudes and phases according to the control instructions of the FPGA 5; the receiving/transmitting switching circuit 2 selects a corresponding circuit to be switched on according to the current ultrasonic working stage; the channel switching circuit 1 can connect the ultrasonic circuit with different ultrasonic transducer array elements, and realizes that the number of ultrasonic circuit channels controls more transducer array elements in a time division multiplexing mode; the electric signal is converted into an acoustic signal by the ultrasonic transducer and is transmitted to the body of a patient, the tissue with discontinuous acoustic properties is reflected back, and the electric signal is converted back into the electric signal by the ultrasonic transducer; the echo signal passes through the channel switching circuit 1 and the receiving/transmitting switching circuit 2 and then reaches the ultrasonic receiving circuit 4, and the processing such as filtering, method and digitization is finished here; the digitized ultrasound echo signals are transmitted into the FPGA5 where they are reconstructed into ultrasound images; the ultrasonic images with different time sequences are transmitted to the PC and displayed on the display, so that an operator can judge the condition in the patient body and make corresponding diagnosis and treatment operations according to the condition.
Referring to fig. 3, the procedure of transdermal drug delivery by combining ultrasound imaging and cyclic focusing emission is as follows: firstly, an ultrasonic host works in an imaging mode, the region where a focus is located is observed according to an ultrasonic real-time image, and an operator demarcates a region to be dosed on an ultrasonic image. The operator sets the medicine-feeding emission parameters, then the system automatically calculates the number and the position of the focuses, the number and the position of the sound beams, and automatically calculates the corresponding emission aperture of each focus. The system automatically carries out circulating focusing emission in the depth direction, ultrasonic imaging emission and receiving are alternated at intervals, and after the administration emission on one sound beam is completed, the administration emission sound beam is automatically moved one by one in the horizontal direction until all target areas are covered to complete administration.
As shown in fig. 4, the transmit and receive are imaged at the transmit interval to achieve time division multiplexing. The number of consecutive cycles of the administration emission is determined by the emission parameters set by the operator and the number and position of the focal points, the number and position of the acoustic beams automatically calculated therefrom, while the number of imaging emission cycles is determined by the imaging parameters set by the operator. In the transdermal drug delivery gap, the system performs ultrasound imaging for the operator to view the current patient in-vivo situation in real time to adjust the parameters as needed.
As shown in FIG. 5, the transducer array is administered transdermally at t1Time, transducer array focus at position d1At t2Time, transducer array focus at position d2At tnTime, transducer array focus to dnThe location of the lesion. When the focus of the ultrasonic focus reaches the focus, at the next moment tn+1The transducer focus returns to d1Position at tn+2When the transducer is focused at d2Position, perform a cycle again, at tn+nIn time, the transducer focus again reaches the focal position. The circulation is repeated, and an efficient administration channel is formed along with the movement of the ultrasonic focusing focus.
And aiming at different focus positions, a dynamic aperture technology is adopted. And opening different array element numbers according to different focal depths. When the near field, only some array elements at the center are opened, ultrasonic signals are transmitted, other array elements are in a closed state, more and more channels are opened along with the increase of the depth, and the transmitting aperture is gradually increased until all array elements are opened. And the required array elements can be started according to different requirements in practical application. In general, defining the effective transmission angle θ of the transducer elements as an angle at which the sound pressure generated by the transducer elements decreases to half of the maximum value, i.e., -6dB, with increasing angle, can be obtained according to the bessel's solution of the ultrasonic equation:
where λ is the wavelength of the acoustic wave in the propagation medium and L is the width of the transducer element. The connecting line between the central point and the focus of the transducer array element has an included angle with the normal direction of the transducer, which is smaller than-6 dB half-open angle, and the array element can be opened, so as to determine the size of the dynamic aperture.
On the other hand, under different conditions, the longitudinal length and the transverse width of the focus are also different, and the focus longitudinal length formula is as follows:
where c is the speed of sound in the propagation medium, fcThe center frequency, D the distance from the focal point to the transducer, and a the total length of all the array elements that are turned on.
Focus lateral width formula:
wherein λ is the acoustic wavelength and BW is-6 dB frequency response bandwidth.
According to the invention, the longitudinal lengths of the different focuses are formed, and adjacent focuses are connected with each other, so that the transdermal penetration of the medicines is facilitated. Secondly, the invention determines the distance of each lateral movement when the transducer array doses according to the lateral width of the focus.
As shown in fig. 6, the darker the color of the ultrasonic cycle focusing emission sound field effect diagram, the greater the absolute impetus of the sound field. Fig. 6 (a) to 6(b) to 6(c), the focal longitudinal depth is sequentially deepened. The arrow shows the moving direction of the particles in the sound field, the moving direction of the particles at the focus is downward, which has better ability to push the drug particles deep, the moving direction of the particles around the focus is deviated to the focus, and the ability to push the drug particles deep is relatively weak. Compared with the sound field of a single focus point, the sound field obtained by circularly focusing and emitting forms a continuous forward downward driving force in the depth direction, and the medicine can be more effectively driven to the focus position.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent substitution methods fall within the scope of the present invention.
The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented using the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. The ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic host and an ultrasonic transducer array integrated with imaging and treatment functions, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is used for converting an electric signal into an acoustic signal and converting the acoustic signal into the electric signal, and can transmit different ultrasonic fields and generate different receiving effects according to different signal waveforms, amplitudes and phases, and the ultrasonic host is used for driving the ultrasonic transducer array to complete transmitting and receiving required by imaging and completing transmitting required by transdermal drug delivery, so that ultrasonic imaging and ultrasonic cyclic focusing transmission under the guidance of ultrasonic imaging are realized, and an ultrasonic focusing channel from shallow to deep is formed.
2. The ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic host comprises a channel switching circuit, a receiving/transmitting switching circuit, an ultrasonic transmitting circuit, an ultrasonic receiving circuit and an FPGA, and the FPGA and the ultrasonic transmitting circuit are connected with the ultrasonic receiving circuit and the PC through a communication interface; the ultrasonic transmitting circuit and the ultrasonic receiving circuit are connected with the receiving/transmitting switching circuit, and corresponding circuits are respectively selected to be connected with the channel switching circuit in the ultrasonic transmitting and receiving stages; the channel switching circuit is connected with the ultrasonic transducer array and used for selecting different ultrasonic transducer array elements at different ultrasonic working time stages.
3. The ultrasound device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery according to claim 1, wherein the FPGA is a main control component of the ultrasound circuit and is responsible for communicating with a PC and controlling ultrasound transmission and reception; the ultrasonic transmitting circuit transmits ultrasonic signals with specified waveforms, amplitudes and phases according to the control instructions of the FPGA; the receiving/transmitting switching circuit selects a corresponding circuit to be switched on according to the current ultrasonic working stage; the channel switching circuit is used for connecting the ultrasonic circuit with different ultrasonic transducer array elements and realizing that the number of ultrasonic circuit channels controls more transducer array elements in a time division multiplexing mode.
4. The ultrasound device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing delivery transdermal drug delivery according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasound transducer array is tightly attached to the drug reservoir on the skin surface, the transducer array is in a linear form and has N array elements, the width of each array element is L, the interval between adjacent array elements is dL, and the focus is moved by driving the phase of the signal to be different during delivery.
5. A control method of an ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery is characterized in that an ultrasonic host works in an imaging mode, a target range of transdermal drug delivery is marked out according to an image in a patient body obtained by ultrasonic imaging, then the ultrasonic host generates a control signal and drives an ultrasonic transducer array to transmit ultrasonic waves required by drug delivery to the target range, wherein the transmission of the ultrasonic waves comprises automatic cyclic focusing transmission in a depth direction and automatic drug delivery transmission sound beams moving one by one in a horizontal direction.
6. The method for controlling an ultrasound device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing for transdermal drug delivery according to claim 5, wherein the phase of the driving signal is changed to make the focusing position of the ultrasound field extend from a shallow position to a deep position gradually, so as to fully utilize the characteristics of the maximum sound wave intensity in the focal region and the vertical direction of particle vibration to the depth direction, and sequentially form a continuous driving force to push the drug particles to the deep position of the human body; and then after cyclic focusing emission for a certain time, changing an emission sequence of the transducer array, moving to a nearby space position to perform the same cyclic focusing emission, and thus, after a plurality of times of movement of the emission space position, realizing the drug push covering the whole target area.
7. The method for controlling an ultrasound apparatus for combined imaging and cyclic focusing delivery transdermal drug delivery according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that in the cyclic focusing delivery, different numbers of elements are opened according to different focal depths, a smaller aperture of the elements is used in the near field region, and the number of the elements to be delivered is reduced; and a larger aperture is used in a far field area, the number of the transmitted array elements is increased, and the number of the opened effective apertures is gradually increased along with the increase of the detection depth until the array elements are completely opened.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the sound pressure generated by the transducer elements is reduced to half of the maximum value, i.e. the angle at-6 dB, and if the angle between the line connecting the center point and the focus of the transducer elements and the normal direction of the transducer is smaller than-6 dB half-open angle, the array elements are all openable, and the half-open angle is calculated by the following formula:
where λ is the wavelength of the acoustic wave in the propagation medium and L is the width of the transducer element.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein adjacent longitudinal focal lengths are connected according to the longitudinal focal length, and wherein the longitudinal focal lengths are calculated as:
where c is the speed of sound in the propagation medium, fcThe central frequency, D the distance from the focus to the transducer, and A the total length corresponding to all the open array elements;
according to the transverse width of the focus, the adjacent sound beams are connected transversely after the sound beams are moved each time, and the transverse width formula of the focus is as follows:
where λ is the acoustic wavelength in the propagation medium and BW is-6 dB frequency response bandwidth.
10. The method for controlling the ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing transmission transdermal drug delivery according to claim 5, characterized in that after an area to be administered is defined, drug delivery transmission parameters are set, then the number, the position, the number and the position of the focal points are automatically calculated by an ultrasonic host, the corresponding transmission aperture of each focal point is automatically calculated, then the system automatically performs cyclic focusing transmission in the depth direction, ultrasonic imaging transmission and reception are alternately inserted, and after the drug delivery transmission on one sound beam is completed, the drug delivery transmission sound beams are automatically moved one by one in the horizontal direction until all target areas are covered and drug delivery is completed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010964847.7A CN112022206A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010964847.7A CN112022206A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and control method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112022206A true CN112022206A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
Family
ID=73589268
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010964847.7A Pending CN112022206A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112022206A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113332619A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | Ultrasonic conformal activation and monitoring imaging method and system for phase-change nano-droplet drug carrier |
| CN113714200A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-30 | 南京大学 | Visual ultrasonic device for removing pipeline embolus by deflecting and focusing and control method |
| CN113731942A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 南京大学 | Ultrasonic device for removing embolus in pipeline by phase control deflection focusing and control method |
| CN117482419A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-02 | 围美辣妈(北京)健康咨询有限公司 | Plane ultrasonic intelligent fat-reducing physiotherapy instrument based on finite element array physiotherapy head |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101466432A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2009-06-24 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Device for transdermal drug delivery and method of operating such a device |
| WO2013108152A1 (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-07-25 | Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd | Bypassing obstacles in focused acoustic waves |
| CN104519960A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2015-04-15 | 美敦力公司 | Ultrasound diagnostic and therapy management system and associated method |
| US9216276B2 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2015-12-22 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Methods and systems for modulating medicants using acoustic energy |
| CN107802969A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-16 | 深圳市普罗医学股份有限公司 | A kind of sphere self-focusing ultrasonic phased array transducers |
| CN109432586A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of targeted therapy ultrasound drug delivery system and working method applied to superficial tumor |
-
2020
- 2020-09-15 CN CN202010964847.7A patent/CN112022206A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101466432A (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2009-06-24 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Device for transdermal drug delivery and method of operating such a device |
| US9216276B2 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2015-12-22 | Guided Therapy Systems, Llc | Methods and systems for modulating medicants using acoustic energy |
| WO2013108152A1 (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-07-25 | Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd | Bypassing obstacles in focused acoustic waves |
| CN104519960A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2015-04-15 | 美敦力公司 | Ultrasound diagnostic and therapy management system and associated method |
| CN107802969A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-03-16 | 深圳市普罗医学股份有限公司 | A kind of sphere self-focusing ultrasonic phased array transducers |
| CN109432586A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of targeted therapy ultrasound drug delivery system and working method applied to superficial tumor |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113332619A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | Ultrasonic conformal activation and monitoring imaging method and system for phase-change nano-droplet drug carrier |
| CN113714200A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-30 | 南京大学 | Visual ultrasonic device for removing pipeline embolus by deflecting and focusing and control method |
| CN113731942A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 南京大学 | Ultrasonic device for removing embolus in pipeline by phase control deflection focusing and control method |
| CN117482419A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-02 | 围美辣妈(北京)健康咨询有限公司 | Plane ultrasonic intelligent fat-reducing physiotherapy instrument based on finite element array physiotherapy head |
| CN117482419B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-05-31 | 围美辣妈(北京)健康咨询有限公司 | Plane ultrasonic intelligent fat-reducing physiotherapy instrument based on finite element array physiotherapy head |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112022206A (en) | Ultrasonic device for combined imaging and cyclic focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and control method | |
| US20220110608A1 (en) | Systems and methods for cosmetic ultrasound treatment of skin | |
| US6929609B2 (en) | Ultrasonic diagnosing/treating device and method therefor | |
| CN112022207A (en) | Ultrasonic device for combined imaging and multi-point focusing emission transdermal drug delivery and control method | |
| US6475148B1 (en) | Medical diagnostic ultrasound-aided drug delivery system and method | |
| US8012092B2 (en) | Method of using a combination imaging and therapy transducer to dissolve blood clots | |
| CN110314834B (en) | Ultrasonic transducer and preparation method thereof | |
| US9198680B2 (en) | Combination imaging and therapy transducer with therapy transducer amplifier | |
| US20060079868A1 (en) | Method and system for treatment of blood vessel disorders | |
| US11369810B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for ultrasonic mediation of drug delivery using microbubbles | |
| US20100312117A1 (en) | Ultrasonic visualization of percutaneous needles, intravascular catheters and other invasive devices | |
| CN112023244B (en) | Transdermal drug delivery device with ultrasonic multipoint focusing emission and control method | |
| EP2575623B1 (en) | Ultrasonic visualization of percutaneous needles, intravascular catheters and other invasive devices | |
| CN104383646A (en) | Ultrasonic interventional therapy system | |
| CN112023243B (en) | Transdermal drug delivery device with ultrasonic circulating focusing emission and control method | |
| US20080319316A1 (en) | Combination Imaging and Therapy Transducer | |
| Gerhardson et al. | Catheter hydrophone aberration correction for transcranial histotripsy treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage: proof-of-concept | |
| EP3451933B1 (en) | Systems and computer readable media for ischemic injury protective ultrasound | |
| JP4956206B2 (en) | Ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, substance introduction apparatus for ultrasonic therapy, and ultrasonic scanning control program | |
| WO2023025165A1 (en) | Focused ultrasound treatment system based on ultrasound imaging | |
| US20210059535A1 (en) | Handheld ultrasound transducer array for 3d transcranial and transthoracic ultrasound and acoustoelectric imaging and related modalities | |
| EP2873439A1 (en) | Method for controlling high-intensity focused ultrasound by using plurality of frequencies, and high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment apparatus for same | |
| Sanghvi et al. | Cardiac ablation using high intensity focused ultrasound: a feasibility study | |
| EP3815614A1 (en) | Ultrasound device tracking | |
| Ramaekers et al. | Cavitation-enhanced back projection for acoustic detection of attenuating structures |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |