CN112018983A

CN112018983A - Permanent magnet auxiliary brushless alternating synchronous motor

Info

Publication number: CN112018983A
Application number: CN202010924552.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方彭
Original assignee: Suzhou Xunru Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Xunru Electronic Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-05
Filing date: 2020-09-05
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-05
Also published as: CN112018983B; CN113078788A

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet auxiliary brushless alternating synchronous motor, which comprises a shell, a main shaft, a main rotor, an auxiliary rotor, an asynchronous rotor and a stator, wherein the main shaft is arranged in the shell through a bearing; the asynchronous rotor generates exciting current on the auxiliary rotor, and the exciting current is introduced into the main rotor to construct a magnetic field. The asynchronous rotor comprises a rotor, a permanent magnet and an asynchronous iron core, the rotor is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the shell through a bearing, the asynchronous iron core facing the stator is arranged on the outer side face of one end of the rotor, the permanent magnet facing the auxiliary rotor is arranged on the inner wall face of the other end of the rotor, the rectifier is installed on the main shaft, the auxiliary rotor is connected with the rectifier through a cable, and the rectifier is connected with the main rotor through a cable.

Description

Permanent magnet auxiliary brushless alternating synchronous motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of synchronous motors, in particular to a permanent magnet auxiliary brushless alternating synchronous motor.

Background

The synchronous motor is a motor with accurate rotating speed, the rotating speed of an output shaft can be accurately controlled by adjusting the frequency of input current, the basic structure of the synchronous motor is that a stator is electrified to generate a rotating magnetic field with the rotating speed being in direct proportion to the power frequency, and then the magnetic field acts on a magnetic field in a constant direction on a rotor to complete rotary coupling.

The magnetic field of the rotor is generated in two ways, one is that a plurality of permanent magnets are directly fixed on the main shaft to be used as the rotor, and the other is that direct current is introduced on the surface of the main shaft through a brush to generate an electric magnetic field on the rotor, the direction of the direct current is unchanged, so the direction of the magnetic field on the rotor is also unchanged like the permanent magnets, but the two ways have defects:

the first mode is mainly that auxiliary starting is needed during starting, because a main shaft where a permanent magnet is located is static during starting and has inertia, a rotating magnetic field of a stator attracts a rotor in a half period and repels the rotor in the other half period, and a rotating moment is not loaded on the rotor in the whole period, so that the permanent magnet cannot be directly started;

another major problem is the instability of the brush structure, because there is a friction surface with a high relative speed, even if rolling friction, the brush structure is not reliable enough, the cost of high-performance brush material is high, and the low-performance brush material is easy to be maintained;

therefore, if there is a synchronous motor that does not require the allocation of power and load connection timing and does not use a brush structure, it is greatly improved in terms of reliability and convenience of use.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous motor to solve the problems in the background art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a permanent magnet auxiliary brushless alternating synchronous motor comprises a shell, a main shaft, a main rotor, an auxiliary rotor, an asynchronous rotor and a stator, wherein the main shaft is installed in the shell through a bearing; the asynchronous rotor generates exciting current on the auxiliary rotor, and the exciting current is introduced into the main rotor to construct a direct-current magnetic field.

The method loads the exciting current of a main rotor on a main shaft through electromagnetic action, when the method is started initially, an asynchronous rotor is started in the principle form of an asynchronous motor, a stator is loaded and connected with a power frequency power supply provided by the outside through a junction box on the outer surface of a shell, the stator generates a rotating magnetic field of 3000rpm (corresponding to a 50Hz power supply), the asynchronous rotor is attracted and starts to rotate until the rotating magnetic field is raised to 2950rpm and then asynchronously rotates, the asynchronous rotor and an auxiliary rotor have a rotating speed difference, so that the asynchronous rotor can induce a magnetic current on the auxiliary rotor, the current is transmitted to the main rotor through a cable, the main rotor receives the exciting current to excite, a magnetic field in a constant direction is generated under a dynamic coordinate system taking the main shaft as a reference, the main shaft, the main rotor and the auxiliary rotor are just like the main rotor is bound with a plurality of permanent magnets, and the exciting current does not need to be loaded through structures, the rotating parts are simple, the asynchronous rotor basically drives the auxiliary rotor to rotate and start within fifty percent of the starting period, after the rotating speed of the main shaft is increased, the electromagnetic coupling effect of the stator and the main rotor is obvious, the main driving effect of the main shaft is transferred to the main rotor, and during the stable operation period, the main shaft, the main rotor and the auxiliary rotor are synchronous in speed, 50Hz and one magnetic pole pair, the synchronous rotating speed is 3000rpm, the asynchronous rotor rotates at about 2950rpm, and the asynchronous rotor and the auxiliary rotor also have a rotating speed difference, so that the exciting current on the main rotor always exists without providing the exciting current from the outside.

Furthermore, the asynchronous rotor comprises a rotor, a permanent magnet and an asynchronous iron core, the rotor is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the shell through a bearing, the asynchronous iron core facing the stator is arranged on the outer side face of one end of the rotor, the permanent magnet facing the auxiliary rotor is arranged on the inner wall face of the other end of the rotor, a rectifier is installed on the main shaft, the auxiliary rotor is connected with the rectifier through a cable, the rectifier is connected with the main rotor through a cable, the auxiliary rotor transmits current generated by asynchronous rotation of the auxiliary rotor and the permanent magnet to the rectifier, and the rectifier converts the current from the auxiliary rotor into current in a single direction and transmits the current to the.

The asynchronous iron core is acted by the stator to generate asynchronous rotation to drive the permanent magnet to rotate asynchronously, the magnetic current generated by the permanent magnet on the auxiliary rotor is used as the exciting current of the main rotor, the permanent magnet has one-way and is a direct current, but when the main shaft is started initially, the starting speed of the main shaft is slow, the starting speed of the asynchronous rotor is faster than that of the main shaft, therefore, the rotating speed of the permanent magnet is ahead of that of the auxiliary rotor, and when the main shaft is parked in a synchronous rotating speed, the rotating speed of the auxiliary rotor and the rotating speed of the permanent magnet are consistent in a moment, the main rotor speed increased by the larger electromagnetic driving of the main rotor can exceed the rotating speed of the asynchronous rotor by the rotating acceleration, after the rotating speed of the auxiliary rotor exceeds that of the permanent magnet, the magnetic current generated by the permanent magnet on the auxiliary rotor is reversed, if the reversed current is used as the exciting current of the main rotor, the electromagnetic, the acceleration condition at the moment that the main shaft rotating speed crosses the asynchronous rotor rotating speed can be influenced, and the acceleration is difficult, so that the current transmitted from the auxiliary rotor is adjusted through the rectifier, and the current with a single direction is ensured to be input into the main rotor in the whole operation process, namely: the direct current cannot be commutated either.

Furthermore, the rotary section of the asynchronous rotor is Z-shaped, an asynchronous iron core is arranged on the outer surface of the part, close to the main shaft, of the Z-shaped asynchronous rotor, a permanent magnet is arranged on the inner surface of the part, close to the main shaft, of the Z-shaped asynchronous rotor, and the asynchronous iron core is close to the main rotor. The Z-shaped asynchronous rotor enables the internal structure of the motor to be compact and the axial space is not wasted.

The motor further comprises a speed regulating part, the main shaft comprises a first shaft and a second shaft, the axes of the first shaft and the second shaft are overlapped, the first shaft is used as an installation shaft of the main rotor, the auxiliary rotor and the rectifier, the first shaft is arranged in the shell, one end of the second shaft extends out of the shell and is used as a motor output shaft, and the adjacent end of the first shaft and the second shaft is connected in an inserting way and is provided with a bearing at the inserting position;

as shown in the figure, the first shaft and the second shaft further transmit the rotating speed through the speed regulating component, the speed regulating component comprises a radial mounting rod, a first gear, a second gear and a third gear, the radial mounting rod is fixed with the first shaft and extends along the radial direction of the first shaft, the first gear is fixedly mounted on the first shaft, the first gear is located on one side, deviating from the second shaft, of the mounting rod, the second gear is fixedly mounted at the end of the second shaft, the third gear is mounted on the radial mounting rod through a bearing, the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are bevel gears, the third gear is respectively meshed with the first gear and the second gear on two sides, and the rotary damping between the third gear and the radial mounting rod is increased along with the increase of the rotating speed of the first shaft.

The structure realizes the quick start-acceleration of the first shaft, when the motor is started, the first shaft starts to rotate, at the moment, the second shaft where the external load is positioned has larger resistance moment, the rotating speed can not be quickly increased, the first shaft is accelerated before the second shaft, the first gear rotates quickly, then the rotating speed of the second gear can not be quickly increased due to the resistance, therefore, the first gear and the second gear cause the rotation of the third gear due to slip, but the rotation of the third gear on the radial mounting rod is not completely smooth without any resistance, therefore, part of the moment is transmitted to the second gear through the third gear to drive the second shaft to increase the rotating speed, the load power on the second shaft is constant, the rotating speed of the second shaft is increased, the resistance moment is reduced, the rotating speed of the second shaft is allowed to further increase, and in the process that the rotating speed of the second shaft is increased to be close to the, the rotation speed of the third gear gradually becomes slow, in a final state, the third gear does not rotate, the rotation speed of the second shaft is equal to the rotation speed of the first shaft, the rotation speed of the first shaft is the synchronous rotation speed of the main rotor under the action of the stator, and the whole process is summarized as follows: the first shaft is first increased in speed to the synchronous rotational speed, and the rotation speed of the third gear is also maximized at the moment when the first shaft reaches the synchronous rotational speed, and then is decreased with the increase in the rotational speed of the second shaft to finally decrease to 0.

As a structural limitation, the rotation damping is electromagnetic damping, the rectifier is electrically connected with the rotation damping, and the larger the output current of the rectifier is, the smaller the rotation damping is. The output current of the rectifier is related to the difference value of the rotating speeds between the auxiliary rotor and the permanent magnet, the larger the difference is, the larger the magnetic generation current is, when the motor is initially started, the first shaft speed is lower, at the moment, the smooth rotation of the third gear is needed, so that the first gear and the second gear which are separated are convenient, the rotating speed of the first shaft connected with the first gear is increased faster, after the rotating speed of the first shaft is increased, the electromagnetic coupling action of the main rotor and the stator is in a normal running state, at the moment, the third gear is no longer needed to rotate smoothly, the third gear is hoped not to rotate any more, the rotating speed of the second shaft is consistent with that of the first shaft, namely, the rotating damping of the third gear is needed to be larger, at the moment, the magnetic generation current in the auxiliary rotor is smaller than the current in the initial starting, the rotating speed difference between the permanent magnet and the auxiliary rotor is used as a reference for identifying the starting process, and the magnetic generation current caused, can guarantee during steady operation when playing quick start, the rotational speed on the motor output shaft is stable for synchronous speed.

As another structure limitation, the speed regulating component further comprises a friction ring, a centrifugal block and a spring, the centrifugal block is sleeved on the radial mounting rod in a penetrating mode, one side, facing the first shaft, of the centrifugal block is connected with one end of the spring, the other end of the spring is connected to the surface of the radial mounting rod or the surface of the first shaft, the spring drags the centrifugal block to be close to the first shaft, and the friction ring is arranged on the end face, facing the centrifugal block, of the third gear. The structure is another structural form of the third gear rotation damping, when the first shaft rotates, the centrifugal block does centrifugal motion due to centrifugal force, the adhesion degree of the centrifugal block and the friction ring influences the rotation smoothness of the third gear, when the first shaft is at a lower speed, the centrifugal block is dragged by the spring to be separated from the friction ring, the rotation of the third gear is smooth, the higher the first shaft speed is, the higher the adhesion force of the centrifugal block and the friction ring is, the more the rotation smoothness of the third gear is influenced, when the first shaft reaches a synchronous rotating speed, the maximum adhesion force of the centrifugal block and the friction ring is realized, so that the third gear can hardly rotate, and the rotation energy of the first shaft is ensured to be accurately transmitted to the second shaft.

The first gear, the second gear and the third gear are helical gears. The transmission stability of the helical gear is superior to that of straight teeth, and the torque uniformity is higher.

Further, the inside cavity of primary shaft sets up the core hole, and the cable penetrates in the core hole and walks the line through the core hole. The cable need be walked the line along the axial of primary shaft, and although the cable can carry out synchronous revolution with the primary shaft, walk the line and arouse the cable fracture easily at the axle outward appearance, moreover, walk the line at the outward appearance and still need carry out operations such as cable binding, so, directly walk the line in primary shaft inside, the end of a thread radially penetrate wear out primary shaft wall can, the cable obtains effective protection.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention realizes the starting of the synchronous motor through the asynchronous rotor, after the starting is finished, the asynchronous rotor continuously rotates and is used as a power supply of the rotor on the main shaft for excitation power supply, so that the main shaft of the synchronous motor does not need to introduce exciting current through an electric brush any more, the arrangement of the speed regulating part ensures that the first shaft where the main rotor is positioned can be quickly accelerated to synchronous rotating speed, the first shaft quickly enters an efficient working area of the synchronous motor after being accelerated, rated power can be output to the first shaft at higher efficiency, then the first shaft pulls the second shaft with slower acceleration, the needed quick starting of the motor in the past is to avoid an inefficient working area when the motor is started, and the load is not required to be quickly pulled and rotated.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention with a speed regulating member;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the speed regulating principle of the speed regulating member of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of third gear rotational damping of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a second schematic illustration of third gear rotational damping of the present invention;

figure 6 is a schematic view of traces with core holes in the first axis of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-shell, 2-main shaft, 21-first shaft, 211-core hole, 22-second shaft, 3-main rotor, 41-auxiliary rotor, 42-rectifier, 5-asynchronous rotor, 51-rotor, 52-permanent magnet, 53-asynchronous iron core, 6-stator, 7-speed regulating component, 71-radial mounting rod, 72-first gear, 73-second gear, 74-third gear, 75-friction ring, 76-centrifugal block, 77-spring, 91-junction box, 92-bearing and 93-cable.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous motor comprises a housing 1, a main shaft 2, a main rotor 3, an auxiliary rotor 41, an asynchronous rotor 5 and a stator 6, wherein the main shaft 2 is installed in the housing 1 through a bearing, one end of the main shaft 2 extends out of the housing 1 to serve as an output shaft, the stator 6 is fixed on the inner wall of the housing 1, the main rotor 3 is installed on the main shaft 2, the main rotor 3 and the stator 6 are in radial face-to-face arrangement, the auxiliary rotor 41 is also installed on the main shaft 2, the asynchronous rotor 5 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the housing 1 through a bearing 92, and the asynchronous rotor 5 is driven by;

asynchronous rotation means that there is a difference from the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field due to the alternating current on the stator 6, for example, the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field is 3000rpm, and the rotational speed of the asynchronous rotor 5 is about 2950rpm, similar to a conventional asynchronous motor, but instead of connecting the asynchronous rotor 5 to the main shaft 2 for rotational output,

the asynchronous rotor 5 generates an exciting current on the auxiliary rotor 41, and the exciting current is introduced into the main rotor 3 to construct a direct-current magnetic field.

The present application loads the exciting current of the main rotor 3 on the main shaft 2 by the electromagnetic action, as shown in fig. 1, when the initial start, the asynchronous rotor 6 is started in the principle form of the asynchronous motor, the stator 6 loads the power frequency power supply provided by the outside through the junction box 91 on the outer surface of the housing 1, the stator 6 generates the rotating magnetic field of 3000rpm, the asynchronous rotor 5 is attracted to start rotating until it is raised to 2950rpm and then rotates asynchronously, the asynchronous rotor 6 and the auxiliary rotor 41 have the difference of rotation speed, therefore, the asynchronous rotor 6 can induce the magnetic current on the auxiliary rotor 41, the current is transmitted to the main rotor 3 through the cable 93, the main rotor 3 receives the exciting current to excite, in the dynamic coordinate system taking the main shaft 2 as the reference, a magnetic field with a constant direction is generated, just like loading several permanent magnets on the main rotor 3, the main shaft 2, the main rotor 3 and the auxiliary rotor 41 do not need to load the exciting current through the structures in the form of brushes and the like, the rotating parts are simple, the asynchronous rotor 5 basically pulls the auxiliary rotor 41 to rotate and start within fifty percent of the starting period, after the rotating speed of the main shaft 2 is increased, the electromagnetic coupling effect of the stator 6 and the main rotor 3 is prominent, the main pulling effect of the main shaft 2 is transferred to the main rotor 3, during the stable operation period, the main shaft 2, the main rotor 3 and the auxiliary rotor 41 are synchronous speed, under 50Hz, one magnetic pole pair is formed, the synchronous rotating speed is 3000rpm, the asynchronous rotor rotates at about 2950rpm, and the asynchronous rotor 5 and the auxiliary rotor 41 still have rotating speed difference, so the exciting current on the main rotor 3 always exists without providing exciting current from the outside.

As shown in fig. 1, the asynchronous rotor 5 includes a rotor 51, a permanent magnet 52 and an asynchronous iron core 53, the rotor 51 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the housing 1 through a bearing 93, the asynchronous iron core 53 facing the stator 6 is disposed on the outer side surface of one end of the rotor 51, the permanent magnet 52 facing the sub-rotor 41 is disposed on the inner wall surface of the other end of the rotor 51, the rectifier 42 is mounted on the main shaft 2, the sub-rotor 41 is connected to the rectifier 42 through a cable 93, the rectifier 42 is connected to the main rotor 3 through a cable 92, the current generated by the asynchronous rotation of the sub-rotor 41 and the permanent magnet 52 is transmitted to the rectifier 42, and the rectifier 42 converts the current from the sub-rotor 41 into a unidirectional current to.

The asynchronous iron core 53 is acted by the stator 6 to generate asynchronous rotation, and then drives the permanent magnet 52 to rotate asynchronously, the magnetic current generated by the permanent magnet 52 on the auxiliary rotor 41 is used as the excitation current of the main rotor 3, has unidirectionality and is a direct current, but, at the initial start, the starting speed of the main shaft 2 is slow, the starting speed of the asynchronous rotor 5 is faster than that of the main shaft 2, so the rotating speed of the permanent magnet 52 is ahead of that of the auxiliary rotor 41, and when the main shaft 2 is in 'berthing' synchronous rotating speed since the speed is up, the rotating speeds of the auxiliary rotor 41 and the permanent magnet 52 are the same for a moment, because the main rotor 3 is driven by larger electromagnetism to increase the speed of the main rotor 3 can exceed the rotating speed of the asynchronous rotor 5 by the rotating acceleration, after the rotating speed of the auxiliary rotor 41 exceeds the rotating speed of the permanent magnet 52, the magnetic current generated by the permanent magnet 52 on the auxiliary rotor 41 is reversed, if the reversed, the electromagnetic field generated by the main rotor 3 will also reverse, possibly affecting the acceleration at the moment when the main shaft 2 crosses the asynchronous rotor 5, so that the acceleration is difficult, therefore, the current transmitted by the auxiliary rotor 41 is regulated by the rectifier 42, and the current with a single direction is ensured to be input into the main rotor 3 during the whole operation process, namely: the direct current cannot be commutated either.

As shown in fig. 1, the rotation section of the asynchronous rotor 5 is zigzag, an asynchronous iron core 53 is arranged on the outer surface of the part of the zigzag asynchronous rotor 5 close to the main shaft 2, a permanent magnet 52 is arranged on the inner surface of the part of the zigzag asynchronous rotor 5 close to the main shaft 2, and the asynchronous iron core 53 is closely adjacent to the main rotor 3. The Z-shaped asynchronous rotor 5 ensures that the internal structure of the motor is compact and the axial space is not wasted.

As shown in fig. 2, the motor further includes a speed regulation component 7, the main shaft 2 includes a first shaft 21 and a second shaft 22, the axes of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 are coincident, the first shaft 21 is used as an installation shaft of the main rotor 3, the auxiliary rotor 41 and the rectifier 42, the first shaft 21 is inside the housing 1, one end of the second shaft 22 extends out of the housing 1 and is used as a motor output shaft, the adjacent end of the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 is inserted and connected, and a bearing 93 is arranged at the inserted position;

as shown in fig. 3, the first shaft 21 and the second shaft 22 further perform rotation speed transmission through the speed adjusting member 7, the speed adjusting member 7 includes a radial mounting rod 71, a first gear 72, a second gear 73, and a third gear 74, the radial mounting rod 71 is fixed with the first shaft 21 and extends in a radial direction of the first shaft 21, the first gear 72 is fixedly mounted on the first shaft 21, the first gear 72 is located on a side of the mounting rod 71 facing away from the second shaft 22, the second gear 73 is fixedly mounted on an end portion of the second shaft 22, the third gear 74 is mounted on the radial mounting rod 71 through a bearing 93, the first gear 72, the second gear 73, and the third gear 74 are bevel gears, the third gear 74 is respectively engaged with the first gear 72 and the second gear 73 on both sides, and rotational damping between the third gear 74 and the radial mounting rod 71 increases with increase of rotation speed of the first shaft 21.

The present structure realizes the rapid start-up and speed-up of the first shaft 21, as shown in fig. 3, when the motor is started, the first shaft 21 starts to rotate, at this time, the second shaft 22 where the external load is located has a large resistance torque, and the rotational speed cannot be rapidly increased, the first shaft 21 increases speed earlier than the second shaft 22, the first gear 72 rapidly rotates at a rotational speed of n1, then the second gear 73 cannot rapidly increase due to the resistance torque, and the rotational speed is n2, so the first gear 72 and the second gear 73 cause the third gear 74 to rotate due to the slip, the rotation speed is n3, however, the rotation of the third gear 74 on the radial mounting rod 71 is not completely smooth without any resistance torque, so that a part of the torque is transmitted to the second gear 73 through the third gear 74 to drive the second shaft 22 to increase the rotational speed, the load power on the second shaft 22 is constant, the rotation speed n2 of the second shaft 22 is increased, the resistance torque is reduced, the rotation speed of the second shaft 22 is allowed to be further increased, and in the process that the rotation speed of the second shaft 22 is increased to approach the first shaft 21, the rotation speed of the third gear 74 is gradually reduced, in the final state, the third gear 74 does not rotate, n3 is 0, the rotation speed n2 of the second shaft 22 is equal to the rotation speed n1 of the first shaft 21, and the rotation speed n1 of the first shaft 21 is the synchronous rotation speed of the main rotor 3 under the action of the stator 6, and the whole process is summarized as: the first shaft 21 is increased in speed to the synchronous rotational speed first, and the rotation speed n3 of the third gear 74 is maximized at the moment when the first shaft 21 reaches the synchronous rotational speed, and then is decreased with the increase in the rotational speed n2 of the second shaft 22 to finally decrease to 0.

As shown in fig. 4, the rotation damper is an electromagnetic damper, the rectifier 42 is electrically connected to the rotation damper, and the rotation damper is decreased as the output current of the rectifier 42 is increased. The output current of the rectifier 42 is related to the difference between the rotating speeds of the sub-rotor 41 and the permanent magnet 52, the larger the slip is, the larger the magnetic current is, and at the initial start of the motor, the speed of the first shaft 21 is lower, at this time, the smooth rotation of the third gear 74 is required, so that the first gear 72 and the second gear 73 are isolated, so that the rotating speed of the first shaft 21 connected with the first gear 72 is increased faster, after the rotating speed of the first shaft 21 is up, the electromagnetic coupling action of the main rotor 3 and the stator 6 is in a normal operating state, at this time, the smooth rotation of the third gear 74 is no longer required, but the third gear 74 is expected to no longer rotate, n3 is 0, so as to ensure that the rotating speeds of the second shaft 22 and the first shaft 21 are consistent, that the rotation damping of the third gear 74 is required to be larger, at this time, the magnetic current in the sub-rotor 42 is smaller than the current at the initial start, and the difference between the rotating speeds of, the magnetically generated current due to the difference in the rotation speed is used as the rotation smoothness control amount of the third gear 74, and the rotation speed on the output shaft of the motor is stabilized to the synchronous rotation speed during the stable operation period while the quick start is performed.

As shown in fig. 5, the speed adjusting member 7 further includes a friction ring 75, an eccentric block 76 and a spring 77, the eccentric block 76 is sleeved on the radial mounting rod 71, one side of the eccentric block 76 facing the first shaft 21 is connected with one end of the spring 77, the other end of the spring 77 is connected to the surface of the radial mounting rod 71 or the first shaft 21, the spring 77 pulls the eccentric block 76 toward the first shaft 21, and the friction ring 75 is disposed on the end surface of the third gear 74 facing the eccentric block 76. The structure is another structural form of the third gear 74 rotation damping, when the first shaft 21 rotates, the centrifugal block 76 performs centrifugal motion due to centrifugal force, the adhesion degree of the centrifugal block 76 and the friction ring 75 affects the rotation smoothness of the third gear 74, when the first shaft 21 is at a low speed, the centrifugal block 76 is dragged by the spring 77 to separate from the friction ring 75, the third gear 74 rotates smoothly, when the first shaft 21 is at a high speed, the adhesion force of the centrifugal block 76 and the friction ring 75 is high, the rotation smoothness of the third gear 74 is affected, and when the first shaft 21 reaches a synchronous rotating speed, the adhesion force of the centrifugal block 76 and the friction ring 75 is high, so that the third gear 74 can hardly rotate, and the rotation energy of the first shaft 21 is guaranteed to be accurately transmitted to the second shaft 22.

The first gear 72, the second gear 73, and the third gear 74 are helical gears. The transmission stability of the helical gear is superior to that of straight teeth, and the torque uniformity is higher.

As shown in fig. 6, a core hole 211 is disposed in the first shaft 21, and the cable 93 is inserted into the core hole 211 and routed through the core hole 211. The cable 93 needs to be walked along the axial of primary shaft 21, though the cable 93 can carry out synchronous revolution with primary shaft 21, nevertheless, walk the line and arouse the cable fracture easily at the axle outward appearance, moreover, walk the line still need carry out operations such as cable binding at the outward appearance, so, directly walk the line in primary shaft 21 inside, the end of a thread radially penetrates wear out primary shaft wall can, the cable obtains effective protection.

The main operation process of the device is as follows: when the motor is connected with an external power supply through the junction box 91, and a starting instruction is obtained, the stator 6 is connected with the power supply to be excited to generate a rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field drives the asynchronous iron core 53 to rotate, the permanent magnet 52 generates magnetically generated current on the auxiliary rotor 41, the direct current adjusted to a specific direction through the rectifier 42 is transmitted to the main rotor 3 to be excited, the first shaft 21 starts to rotate and finally reaches a synchronous rotating speed, when the motor stably runs, the asynchronous rotor 5 and the main shaft 2 have a rotating speed difference value, the magnetically generated current can be continuously manufactured on the auxiliary rotor 41 to be used as the exciting current of the main rotor 3, and the brush.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous motor is characterized in that: the motor comprises a shell (1), a main shaft (2), a main rotor (3), an auxiliary rotor (41), an asynchronous rotor (5) and a stator (6), the main shaft (2) is arranged in the shell (1) through a bearing, one end of the main shaft (2) extends out of the shell (1) to be used as an output shaft, the stator (6) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (1), the main rotor (3) is arranged on the main shaft (2), the main rotor (3) and the stator (6) are in radial face-to-face relationship, the auxiliary rotor (41) is also arranged on the main shaft (2), the asynchronous rotor (5) is rotationally arranged on the inner wall of the shell (1) through a bearing (92), the asynchronous rotor (5) is driven by the stator (6) to rotate asynchronously, the asynchronous rotor (5) generates exciting current on the auxiliary rotor (41), and the exciting current is introduced into the main rotor (3) to construct a direct-current magnetic field.

2. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the asynchronous rotor (5) comprises a rotating body (51), a permanent magnet (52) and an asynchronous iron core (53), the rotating body (51) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the shell (1) through a bearing (93), an asynchronous iron core (53) facing the stator (6) is arranged on the outer side surface of one end of the rotating body (51), a permanent magnet (52) facing the auxiliary rotor (41) is arranged on the inner wall surface of the other end of the rotating body (51), a rectifier (42) is arranged on the main shaft (2), the auxiliary rotor (41) is connected with the rectifier (42) through a cable (93), the rectifier (42) is connected with the main rotor (3) through a cable (92), the sub-rotor (41) transfers the current generated by the asynchronous rotation with the permanent magnet (52) to the rectifier (42), the rectifier (42) converts the current from the sub-rotor (41) into a unidirectional current, and transmits the unidirectional current to the main rotor (3) as an excitation current.

3. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rotary section of the asynchronous rotor (5) is Z-shaped, an asynchronous iron core (53) is arranged on the outer surface of the part, close to the main shaft (2), of the Z-shaped asynchronous rotor (5), a permanent magnet (52) is arranged on the inner surface of the part, close to the main shaft (2), of the Z-shaped asynchronous rotor (5), and the asynchronous iron core (53) is close to the main rotor (3).

4. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the motor also comprises a speed regulating component (7), the main shaft (2) comprises a first shaft (21) and a second shaft (22), the axes of the first shaft (21) and the second shaft (22) are overlapped, the first shaft (21) is used as the installation shaft of the main rotor (3), the auxiliary rotor (41) and the rectifier (42), the first shaft (21) is arranged in the shell (1), one end of the second shaft (22) extends out of the shell (1) to be used as the output shaft of the motor, the adjacent end of the first shaft (21) and the second shaft (22) is in plug-in connection, and a bearing (93) is arranged at the plug-in position;

the first shaft (21) and the second shaft (22) are further subjected to rotating speed transmission through a speed regulating component (7), the speed regulating component (7) comprises a radial mounting rod (71), a first gear (72), a second gear (73) and a third gear (74), the radial mounting rod (71) is fixed with the first shaft (21) and extends along the radial direction of the first shaft (21), the first gear (72) is fixedly mounted on the first shaft (21), the first gear (72) is located on one side, deviating from the second shaft (22), of the mounting rod (71), the second gear (73) is fixedly mounted at the end of the second shaft (22), the third gear (74) is mounted on the radial mounting rod (71) through a bearing (93), the first gear (72), the second gear (73) and the third gear (74) are bevel gears, and the third gear (74) is respectively connected with the first gears (72) on two sides, The second gear (73) is engaged and the rotational damping between the third gear (74) and the radially mounted rod (71) increases with increasing rotational speed of the first shaft 21.

5. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the rotary damper is electromagnetic damper, the rectifier (42) is electrically connected with the rotary damper, and the larger the output current of the rectifier (42), the smaller the rotary damper.

6. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the speed regulation part (7) further comprises a friction ring (75), a centrifugal block (76) and a spring (77), the centrifugal block (76) is sleeved on the radial mounting rod (71) in a penetrating mode, one side, facing the first shaft (21), of the centrifugal block (76) is connected with one end of the spring (77), the other end of the spring (77) is connected to the surface of the radial mounting rod (71) or the surface of the first shaft (21), the spring (77) drags the centrifugal block (76) to enable the centrifugal block to trend towards the first shaft (21), and the friction ring (75) is arranged on the end face, facing the centrifugal block (76), of the third gear (74).

7. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first gear (72), the second gear (73) and the third gear (74) are helical gears.

8. A permanent magnet assisted brushless alternating synchronous machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: a core hole (211) is arranged in the first shaft (21) in a hollow mode, and the cable (93) penetrates into the core hole (211) and is wired through the core hole (211).