CN112018735A - Power differential protection method and system for power distribution network with high-permeability distributed power supply - Google Patents
Power differential protection method and system for power distribution network with high-permeability distributed power supply Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/20—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution using protection elements, arrangements or systems
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of relay protection of power systems, and provides a power differential protection method and system for a power distribution network with a high-permeability distributed power supply. The power differential protection method for the power distribution network with the high-permeability distributed power supply comprises the steps of obtaining voltage and current on two sides of a power distribution line, and calculating phasor values of the voltage and the current on the two sides of the power distribution line, active power of a bus flowing to the line, differential active power and braking active power in a split-phase mode; selecting main and auxiliary criteria according to the bus voltage drop condition, and judging the line fault and protection condition of the section; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference of two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of relay protection of power systems, and particularly relates to a power differential protection method and system for a power distribution network with a high-permeability distributed power supply.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the continuous expansion of energy and environmental crisis, the scale of a distributed power supply taking renewable energy and clean energy as main forms is rapidly increased, and the permeability is continuously improved, so that a single power supply network of a power distribution network is converted into a multi-power supply network with bidirectional tide, and the three-section type current protection of the traditional power distribution network loses selectivity. In order to solve the problem of protection misoperation or operation rejection caused by access of the distributed power supply, when a fault occurs, the distributed power supply in a fault area and a non-fault area is usually removed without distinction, so that the application of the distributed power supply is severely limited, and the stable operation of a power grid is influenced.
Scholars at home and abroad put forward various novel protection principles which are mainly divided into three categories: improving the new principle of traditional over-current protection based on local information; combining the self-adaptive protection principle of the fault characteristics of the distributed power supply; based on the novel protection principle of adopting double-point or multi-point information in the communication network. The improvement principle based on local information has the problems of protection delay and difficult coordination, and the problems are more serious with the increase of permeability; the protection principle set according to the fault characteristics can only effectively act on one type of distributed power supply and cannot be applied to different types of distributed power supplies; the protection principle based on multipoint information has high requirements on communication, and field conditions cannot be met in a short time. The current differential protection is equal-double-point information protection principle, has good selectivity on fault lines, but has high requirement on data synchronization, and the existing distribution network configuration is difficult to meet the requirement.
In summary, the existing power distribution network protection method is not suitable for a power distribution network with a high-permeability distributed power supply, and cannot achieve the purpose of reliably removing the field line fault.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a power differential protection method and a power differential protection system for a power distribution network with a high-permeability distributed power supply, which aim to utilize the active power difference quantity at two ends of a line as a main criterion, reliably identify a fault section and effectively reduce the requirement of protection on double-end data synchronization.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the invention, a power differential protection method for a power distribution network including a high-permeability distributed power source is provided.
A power differential protection method for a power distribution network with a high-permeability distributed power supply comprises the following steps:
acquiring voltage and current at two sides of a distribution line, and calculating phasor values of the voltage and the current at two sides of the distribution line, active power of a bus flowing to the line, differential active power and braking active power in a split-phase manner;
selecting main and auxiliary criteria according to the bus voltage drop condition, and judging the line fault and protection condition of the section; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference of two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition.
A second aspect of the invention provides a power differential protection system comprising a high permeability distributed power distribution network.
A power differential protection system for a power distribution network having a high permeability distributed power source, comprising:
the power calculation module is used for acquiring voltage and current at two sides of the distribution line, and calculating phasor values of the voltage and the current at two sides of the distribution line, active power flowing to the line by the bus, differential active power and braking active power in a split-phase manner;
the protection judgment module is used for selecting main and auxiliary criteria according to the bus voltage drop condition and judging the line fault and protection condition of the section; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference of two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition.
A third aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for power differential protection of a power distribution network comprising a high permeability distributed power source as described above.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer apparatus.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps in the method for power differential protection of a power distribution network comprising a high permeability distributed power source as described above when executing the program.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, main and auxiliary criteria are selected according to the bus voltage drop condition, and the fault and protection condition of the line at the section is judged; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference at two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition; the defect that the three-section type current protection of the traditional power distribution network has false operation or refusal operation after the distributed power supply is connected is overcome, the distributed power supply does not need to be disconnected from the network after a fault occurs, and the further application of the distributed power supply is facilitated.
The invention utilizes the double-end information of the line to identify the fault, is not influenced by the improvement of the permeability of the distributed power supply, can reliably identify the fault under the conditions of different fault types, different transition resistances and the like, is not influenced by voltage drop when the metallic fault at the end part of the line occurs, and can effectively identify the occurrence of the fault.
The invention uses the power quantity as the basis of fault identification, has low synchronization requirement on data at two ends of a line and strong synchronization error resistance, and is suitable for the communication condition of the existing power distribution network.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fault identification process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a power differential protection application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power distribution network line structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic of phase A differential power and braking power for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of phase B differential dynamic power and braking power of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of phase C differential dynamic power and braking power of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of differential power and braking power under double ended data asynchronous conditions for an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the power differential protection method for a power distribution network with a high-permeability distributed power supply of the present embodiment includes:
step 1: obtaining the voltage and the current on two sides of the distribution line, and calculating the phasor values of the voltage and the current on two sides of the distribution line, the active power of the bus flowing to the line, the differential active power and the braking active power in a split-phase manner.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 10kV distribution network with high-permeability distributed power supplies, and the distribution network comprises 5 lines A-E. G1 is a system side power supply, DG is a distributed power supply, T1 is a transformer, and CB is a circuit breaker. In the present embodiment, the distributed power supply permeability is 30%, and a BC phase-to-phase fault occurs at the midpoint of Line E.
In specific implementation, Line E two-side protection respectively collects voltage and current sampling values of the current reference direction in real time, and the current reference direction is positive with respect to a bus flowing direction Line.
Active power P of two-side bus flow direction lineMj、PNjIs calculated as shown in equation (1).
Wherein, the subscript j represents the phase of the line, which is divided into A, B, C three phases, UMjAnd UNjRespectively representing the voltages on both sides of the bus, IMjAnd INjRespectively represent two sidesThe bus bar flows current to the line.
Specifically, the two-side protection of the line adopts Fourier algorithm to calculate the voltage magnitude value of the Bus5 side in a split phase mode And current phasor valueBus6 side voltage magnitude of voltageAnd current phasor valueThe active power flowing to the line from the bus is calculated according to equation (2), and the active power and the current amplitude are transmitted to the opposite side protection through the communication network, as shown in fig. 2.
Step 2: selecting main and auxiliary criteria according to the bus voltage drop condition, and judging the line fault and protection condition of the section; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference of two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition.
In a specific implementation, when the voltage amplitude is higher than a set threshold, a main criterion is selected: and if the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value, judging that the line of the section has a fault and sending a tripping command.
When the voltage amplitude falls below or equals to a set threshold, selecting an auxiliary criterion: and if the current amplitude difference of the two sides of the distribution line meets the set condition, judging that the line of the section has a fault and sending a tripping command.
Specifically, the threshold of voltage is 0.4Urated. Due to U5A、U5B、U5CAnd U6A、U6B、U6CAre all higher than the set threshold, so the main criterion of power differential protection is used for fault identification.
When a low transition resistance fault at the beginning and the end of a line occurs, the voltage of the bus falls to be close to 0, and an auxiliary criterion is needed to be used for judgment.
Namely UMj>(0.2~0.5)UratedOr UNj>(0.2~0.5)UratedAnd if not, selecting an auxiliary criterion. Wherein, UratedRepresenting the nominal phase voltage value of the current bus.
Differential active power PdjAnd brake active power PresjAs shown in equation (3), when equation (4) is satisfied, it is determined that the line has failed.
Wherein, PsetThe minimum threshold value is 5-10% of the line load.
When the current amplitude satisfies IMj<(0.3~0.6)INjOr INj<(0.3~0.6)IMjAnd if so, judging that the line has a fault.
In other embodiments, the current difference between the two buses flowing to the line can be selected to be other values.
For example: get Presj=0.4(|P5j|+|P6jI), the differential power and the braking power are as shown in fig. 4-6, and after the fault occurs when t is 1s, P isdA=0.01MW,PresA=0.34MW,PdB=0.91MW,PresB=0.48MW,PdC=0.78MW,PresC0.41MW, namely the phase B and the phase C have the dynamic power greater than the braking power, and the main criterion is met, so the trip protectionAnd cutting off the fault line.
For the present embodiment, when the line double-end data has synchronization errors of 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 cycles, the differential power and the braking power are as shown in fig. 7, and after a fault occurs, the differential power is still larger than the braking power, so that the protection is reliably tripped.
In the embodiment, main and auxiliary criteria are selected according to the bus voltage drop condition, and the fault and protection condition of the line at the section is judged; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference at two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition; the defect that the three-section type current protection of the traditional power distribution network has false operation or refusal operation after the distributed power supply is connected is overcome, the distributed power supply does not need to be disconnected from the network after a fault occurs, and the further application of the distributed power supply is facilitated.
Example two
The embodiment provides a power differential protection system that contains high permeability distributed power distribution network, it includes:
(1) and the power calculation module is used for acquiring the voltage and the current on the two sides of the distribution line, and calculating the phasor values of the voltage and the current on the two sides of the distribution line, the active power flowing to the line from the bus, the differential active power and the braking active power in a split-phase manner.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 10kV distribution network with high-permeability distributed power supplies, and the distribution network comprises 5 lines A-E. G1 is a system side power supply, DG is a distributed power supply, T1 is a transformer, and CB is a circuit breaker. In the present embodiment, the distributed power supply permeability is 30%, and a BC phase-to-phase fault occurs at the midpoint of Line E.
In specific implementation, Line E two-side protection respectively collects voltage and current sampling values of the current reference direction in real time, and the current reference direction is positive with respect to a bus flowing direction Line.
Active power P of two-side bus flow direction lineMj、PNjIs calculated as shown in equation (1).
Wherein, the subscript j represents the phase of the line, which is divided into A, B, C three phases, UMjAnd UNjRespectively representing the voltages on both sides of the bus, IMjAnd INjRespectively representing the current flowing to the line by the bus bars on both sides.
Specifically, the two-side protection of the line adopts Fourier algorithm to calculate the voltage magnitude value of the Bus5 side in a split phase mode And current phasor valueBus6 side voltage magnitude of voltageAnd current phasor valueAnd (3) calculating the active power flowing to the line of the bus according to the formula (2), and transmitting the active power and the current amplitude to the opposite side protection through the communication network.
(2) The protection judgment module is used for selecting main and auxiliary criteria according to the bus voltage drop condition and judging the line fault and protection condition of the section; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference of two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition.
In a specific implementation, when the voltage amplitude is higher than a set threshold, a main criterion is selected: and if the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value, judging that the line of the section has a fault and sending a tripping command.
When the voltage amplitude falls below or equals to a set threshold, selecting an auxiliary criterion: and if the current amplitude difference of the two sides of the distribution line meets the set condition, judging that the line of the section has a fault and sending a tripping command.
Specifically, the threshold of voltage is 0.4Urated,Due to U5A、U5B、U5CAnd U6A、U6B、U6CAre all higher than the set threshold, so the main criterion of power differential protection is used for fault identification.
When a low transition resistance fault at the beginning and the end of a line occurs, the voltage of the bus falls to be close to 0, and an auxiliary criterion is needed to be used for judgment.
Namely UMj>(0.2~0.5)UratedOr UNj>(0.2~0.5)UratedAnd if not, selecting an auxiliary criterion. Wherein, UratedRepresenting the nominal phase voltage value of the current bus.
Differential active power PdjAnd brake active power PresjAs shown in equation (3), when equation (4) is satisfied, it is determined that the line has failed.
Wherein, PsetThe minimum threshold value is 5-10% of the line load.
When the current amplitude satisfies IMj<(0.3~0.6)INjOr INj<(0.3~0.6)IMjAnd if so, judging that the line has a fault.
In other embodiments, the current difference between the two buses flowing to the line can be selected to be other values.
For example: get Presj=0.4(|P5j|+|P6jI), the differential power and the braking power are as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, and after a fault occurs when t is 1s, P is setdA=0.01MW,PresA=0.34MW,PdB=0.91MW,PresB=0.48MW,PdC=0.78MW,PresCAnd (4) 0.41MW, namely the phase B and the phase C have the dynamic power greater than the braking power, so that the main criterion is met, tripping is protected, and a fault line is cut off.
For the present embodiment, when the line double-end data has synchronization errors of 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 cycles, the differential power and the braking power are as shown in fig. 7, and after a fault occurs, the differential power is still larger than the braking power, so that the protection is reliably tripped.
In the embodiment, main and auxiliary criteria are selected according to the bus voltage drop condition, and the fault and protection condition of the line at the section is judged; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference at two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition; the defect that the three-section type current protection of the traditional power distribution network has false operation or refusal operation after the distributed power supply is connected is overcome, the distributed power supply does not need to be disconnected from the network after a fault occurs, and the further application of the distributed power supply is facilitated.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps in the power differential protection method with a high permeability distributed power distribution network as described above.
In the embodiment, main and auxiliary criteria are selected according to the bus voltage drop condition, and the fault and protection condition of the line at the section is judged; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference at two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition; the defect that the three-section type current protection of the traditional power distribution network has false operation or refusal operation after the distributed power supply is connected is overcome, the distributed power supply does not need to be disconnected from the network after a fault occurs, and the further application of the distributed power supply is facilitated.
Example four
The present embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the power differential protection method including a high-permeability distributed power distribution network as described above.
In the embodiment, main and auxiliary criteria are selected according to the bus voltage drop condition, and the fault and protection condition of the line at the section is judged; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference at two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition; the defect that the three-section type current protection of the traditional power distribution network has false operation or refusal operation after the distributed power supply is connected is overcome, the distributed power supply does not need to be disconnected from the network after a fault occurs, and the further application of the distributed power supply is facilitated.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power differential protection method for a power distribution network with a high-permeability distributed power supply is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring voltage and current at two sides of a distribution line, and calculating phasor values of the voltage and the current at two sides of the distribution line, active power of a bus flowing to the line, differential active power and braking active power in a split-phase manner;
selecting main and auxiliary criteria according to the bus voltage drop condition, and judging the line fault and protection condition of the section; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference of two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the main criterion is selected when the voltage magnitude is above a predetermined threshold.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein if the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the minimum threshold value, it is determined that the line in the current segment has a fault and a tripping command is issued.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the auxiliary criterion is selected when the voltage amplitude drops below or equal to a predetermined threshold.
5. The power differential protection method for the power distribution network with the high permeability distributed power supplies according to claim 1, wherein if the current amplitude difference between the two sides of the distribution line meets the set condition, it is determined that the line of the current section has a fault and a tripping command is issued.
6. The method for power differential protection in a power distribution network having a high permeability of distributed power sources of claim 1 wherein the current reference direction is positive from bus to line.
7. The method for power differential protection across a power distribution network having high permeability distributed power supplies of claim 1 wherein when a low transition resistance fault occurs at the beginning and end of the line, the bus voltage drops to near 0 and is determined using an auxiliary criterion.
8. A power differential protection system for a power distribution network having a high permeability distributed power source, comprising:
the power calculation module is used for acquiring voltage and current at two sides of the distribution line, and calculating phasor values of the voltage and the current at two sides of the distribution line, active power flowing to the line by the bus, differential active power and braking active power in a split-phase manner;
the protection judgment module is used for selecting main and auxiliary criteria according to the bus voltage drop condition and judging the line fault and protection condition of the section; the main criterion is that the differential active power is greater than the braking active power and the lowest threshold value; the auxiliary criterion is that the current amplitude difference of two sides of the distribution line meets a set condition.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for power differential protection with a high permeability distributed power supply distribution network according to any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps in the method for power differential protection of a power distribution network comprising high permeability distributed power sources of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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