CN112018591A - Ultra-stable microwave generating device based on frequency-stabilized laser of double-frequency optical fiber interferometer - Google Patents
Ultra-stable microwave generating device based on frequency-stabilized laser of double-frequency optical fiber interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- G01D5/35329—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using interferometer with two arms in transmission, e.g. Mach-Zender interferometer
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- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/1062—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using a controlled passive interferometer, e.g. a Fabry-Perot etalon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1123—Q-switching
- H01S3/117—Q-switching using intracavity acousto-optic devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/136—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/137—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity for stabilising of frequency
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of microwaves, and discloses a method for generating ultrastable microwaves based on frequency stabilized lasers of a double-frequency fiber interferometer. One frequency discrimination device such as a Michelson optical fiber interferometer, a Mach-Zehnder optical fiber interferometer and the like is used for simultaneously stabilizing the frequency of the two lasers, and a system link is further simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwaves, in particular to an ultrastable microwave generating device based on frequency stabilized laser of a dual-frequency fiber interferometer.
Background
Ultrastable microwave frequency sources are also indispensable in many fields, such as high-precision radar, deep space exploration, high-precision comparison, communication, navigation, gravitational wave measurement, relativity verification and the like.
The most stable ultra-stable microwave frequency source system at present is a photo-generated microwave technology, and generally comprises an ultra-stable laser source and a frequency synthesis part taking a femtosecond optical frequency comb as a main body. And an ultrastable laser source is used as the reference frequency of the photo-generated microwave, and the stability of the laser frequency is transmitted to a radio frequency band through a femtosecond optical frequency comb to obtain a low-noise ultrastable microwave signal. The invention adopts two ultrastable lasers to beat frequency to generate an ultrastable microwave signal, does not need to use an optical comb as a frequency transmission medium, not only greatly reduces the system cost, reduces the system volume and simplifies the system link, but also has higher frequency stability because the stability of outputting the ultrastable microwave only depends on the ultrastable lasers.
Meanwhile, the optical fiber interferometer is used for laser frequency stabilization, has the advantages of simple structure, small size, light weight, low cost and integration, and is used for simultaneously stabilizing the frequency of two ultrastable lasers, thereby further simplifying the system complexity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of complex optical structure, large volume and high cost in the current photo-generation ultrastable microwave scheme, the invention provides a dual-frequency photo-generation ultrastable microwave device, which uses two ultrastable laser beats to obtain an ultrastable microwave signal.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a frequency stabilized laser based ultra-stable microwave generating device for a dual-frequency fiber interferometer is characterized by comprising a first laser, a second laser, a first servo feedback circuit, a second servo feedback circuit, a first beam splitter, a second beam combiner, a third photoelectric detector, a first beam combiner, a fiber interferometer, a first optical filter, a second optical filter, a radio frequency comprehensive circuit, a first mixer, a second mixer, a third beam splitter, a first photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector;
the laser wavelength of the first laser is different from that of the second laser, the center wavelength of the first optical filter is equal to that of the first laser, the center wavelength of the second optical filter is equal to that of the second laser, the laser wavelength of the first laser is matched with the stop band wave of the second optical filter, and the laser wavelength of the second laser is matched with the stop band wave of the first optical filter;
the emergent laser of the first laser is divided into two beams of light through the first beam splitter, the first beam of light enters the first beam combiner, and the second beam of light enters the second beam combiner;
the emergent laser of the second laser is divided into two beams by the second beam splitter, the first beam enters the first beam combiner, and the second beam enters the second beam combiner;
the two lasers with different wavelengths are combined by the second beam combiner and subjected to beat frequency, and then the lasers are detected by the third photoelectric detector to obtain an ultrastable microwave signal;
after the two lasers with different wavelengths are combined by the first beam combiner, the two lasers are incident to the third beam splitter through the optical fiber interferometer, are divided into two beams by the third beam splitter, and respectively pass through the first optical filter and the second optical filter; outputting light through a first optical filter, obtaining a first beat signal through the first photoelectric detector, and entering an RF end of the first mixer; the output light of the second optical filter passes through the second photodetector to obtain a second beat signal, and enters the RF end of the second mixer;
the radio frequency comprehensive circuit outputs three paths of radio frequency signals, the first path of radio frequency signals enters the optical fiber interferometer to shift the frequency of the laser combined by the first beam combiner, the second path of radio frequency signals enters the first frequency mixer LO end to obtain a frequency discrimination signal of the first laser, and then enters the first servo feedback circuit, and the output feedback signal is transmitted to the first laser for laser frequency stabilization; and the third path enters the LO end of the second mixer to obtain a frequency discrimination signal of the second laser, then enters the second servo feedback circuit, and the output feedback signal is transmitted to the second laser for laser frequency stabilization.
Further, the ultrastable microwave signal is generated by the beat frequency of the laser output by the first laser and the second laser after frequency stabilization;
furthermore, the optical fiber interferometer can be simultaneously used for stabilizing the frequency of two lasers;
furthermore, the frequency discrimination method of the optical fiber interferometer is interferometric frequency discrimination, and can be a michelson optical fiber interferometer with unequal arms, a mach-zehnder optical fiber interferometer and the like.
Furthermore, an acousto-optic modulator is arranged on one arm of the optical fiber interferometer and used for shifting frequency, and detection of laser frequency noise is heterodyne detection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the femtosecond optical frequency comb is not needed to be used as a transmission medium from optical frequency to microwave frequency, so that the system cost and complexity are greatly reduced, the realization difficulty is reduced, and extra noise generated by the optical comb is not introduced; one frequency discrimination device is adopted to stabilize the frequency of the two lasers at the same time, so that the complexity of the system is further reduced, and the volume of the system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrastable microwave generating device based on frequency stabilized laser of a dual-frequency fiber interferometer of the present invention,
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples, which are provided to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope thereof, will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely illustrative of example embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrastable microwave generating device based on dual-frequency fiber interferometer frequency stabilized laser according to the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the ultrastable microwave generating device based on dual-frequency fiber interferometer frequency stabilized laser includes a first laser 1, a second laser 2, a first servo feedback circuit 3, a second servo feedback circuit 4, a first beam splitter 5, a second beam splitter 6, a second beam combiner 7, a third photodetector 8, a first beam combiner 9, a fiber interferometer 10, a first optical filter 11, a second optical filter 12, a radio frequency synthesizer 13, a first mixer 14, a second mixer 15, a third beam splitter 16, a first photodetector 17 and a second photodetector 18;
the laser wavelength of the first laser 1 is different from the laser wavelength of the second laser 2, the center wavelength of the first optical filter 11 is equal to the laser wavelength of the first laser 1, the center wavelength of the second optical filter is equal to the laser wavelength of the second laser, the laser wavelength of the first laser is matched with the stop band wave of the second optical filter, and the laser wavelength of the second laser is matched with the stop band wave of the first optical filter;
the emergent laser of the first laser 1 is divided into two beams of light by the first beam splitter 5, the first beam of light enters the first beam combiner 9, and the second beam of light enters the second beam combiner 7;
the emergent laser of the second laser 2 is divided into two beams by the second beam splitter 6, the first beam enters the first beam combiner 9, and the second beam enters the second beam combiner 7;
the two lasers with different wavelengths are combined by the second beam combiner 7 and subjected to beat frequency, and then the lasers are detected by the third photoelectric detector 8 to obtain an ultrastable microwave signal;
after the two laser beams with different wavelengths are combined by the first beam combiner 9, the two laser beams enter the third beam splitter 18 through the optical fiber interferometer 10, are split into two laser beams by the third beam splitter 18, and pass through the first optical filter 11 and the second optical filter 12 respectively; the light output by the first optical filter 11 passes through the first photodetector 17 to obtain a first beat signal, and enters the RF end of the first mixer 14; the output light passing through the second optical filter 12 passes through the second photodetector 16 to obtain a second beat signal, and enters the RF end of the second mixer 15;
the radio frequency comprehensive circuit 13 outputs three paths of radio frequency signals, the first path enters the optical fiber interferometer 10 to shift the frequency of the laser combined by the first beam combiner 9, the second path enters the LO end of the first frequency mixer 14 to obtain the frequency discrimination signal of the first laser, and then enters the first servo feedback circuit 3, and the output feedback signal is transmitted to the first laser for laser frequency stabilization; and the third path enters the LO end of the second mixer 15 to obtain a frequency discrimination signal of the second laser, and then enters the second servo feedback circuit 4, and the output feedback signal is transmitted to the second laser for laser frequency stabilization.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, an ultrastable microwave generating device based on a double-frequency michelson fiber interferometer frequency stabilized laser includes a first laser 1, a second laser 2, a first servo feedback circuit 3, a second servo feedback circuit 4, a first beam splitter 5, a second beam splitter 6, a second beam combiner 7, a third photodetector 8, a first beam combiner 9, a radio frequency synthesizer 13, a first mixer 14, a second mixer 15, a first photodetector 17, a second photodetector 18, a first isolator 19, a coupler 20, an optical fiber delay line 21, a first faraday mirror 22, an acousto-optic modulator 23, a second faraday mirror 24, michelson fiber interferometers 20-24, a second isolator 25, and a comb-shaped optical filter 26;
the output wavelength of the first laser is 1550.12nm, the laser is divided into two beams after passing through the first beam splitter, the first beam of light enters the first beam combiner, and the second beam of light enters the second beam combiner; the output wavelength of the second laser is 1550.34nm, the laser is divided into two beams after passing through the second beam splitter, the first beam of light enters the first beam combiner, and the second beam of light enters the second beam combiner. And after beating the two beams of laser entering the second beam combiner, detecting the two beams of laser by the third photoelectric detector to obtain the ultrastable microwave of about 27 GHz.
The first beam combinerThe output laser enters the optical fiber interferometer after passing through the first isolator, two beams of laser enter the Michelson optical fiber interferometer through the output end of the first isolator, one arm is provided with an acousto-optic modulator for frequency shift of the laser entering the arm, the two arms of laser are combined at a coupler of the output end and sequentially enter a second isolator and an optical filter, the optical filter is a comb filter and is provided with a reflection end and a transmission end, and the output end of the optical filter is the same as the output end of the Michelson optical fiber interferometer: the central wavelength of the reflection end of the first frequency mixer is the laser wavelength of the first laser, and the output light is detected by the first photoelectric detector to obtain a first beat frequency signal and enters the RF end of the first frequency mixer; the central wavelength of the transmission end is the laser wavelength of the second laser, and the output light is detected by the second photoelectric detector to obtain a second beat signal and enters the RF end of the second mixer. And detecting laser noise by adopting a modulation and demodulation mode. Providing f using radio frequency synthesisAOMThe signal drives the interferometer long-arm acousto-optic modulator to carry out optical modulation. Since the Michelson interferometer reflects via a Faraday mirror, 2f is usedAOMDemodulation is performed. The first beat frequency signal has a frequency of
2f generated by RF synthesizer circuitAOMThe beat frequency of the signal is obtained as a first error signal, and the first error signal enters a first servo feedback device to form a feedback loop for stabilizing the frequency; the second beat frequency signal has a frequency of
And, 2f generated by RF synthesizer circuitAOMAnd the beat frequency of the signal is obtained to obtain an error signal II, and the error signal II enters a second servo feedback device to form a feedback loop for stabilizing the frequency. In addition, the RF frequency synthesizer generates a third signal fAOMAnd the laser frequency is modulated in an acousto-optic modulator on one arm of the Michelson interferometer and is used for laser frequency stabilization.
In a specific application, the interferometer is an unequal arm michelson fiber interferometer, the frequency discrimination method is interferometric frequency discrimination, and the interferometer can be a mach-zehnder fiber interferometer, for example.
In a specific application, for example, an acousto-optic modulator is installed on one arm of the michelson fiber optic interferometer to shift the frequency, and the detection of the laser frequency noise is heterodyne detection.
In a specific application, the optical filter is a comb filter, for example, having two outputs with different center wavelengths.
In summary, the dual-frequency photo-generation ultra-stable microwave device provided by the embodiment has the following technical effects:
(1) the embodiment provides a photo-generated microwave system without a femtosecond optical frequency comb, namely, two ultrastable lasers are used for beating to obtain an ultrastable microwave signal, so that the stability of the microwave signal is ensured, the cost is greatly reduced, the system volume is reduced, the realization difficulty is reduced, and extra noise generated by the optical comb is not introduced;
(2) and one optical fiber interferometer is adopted to stabilize the frequency of the two lasers at the same time, so that the complexity of the system is further reduced, and the volume of the system is reduced.
Claims (5)
1. An ultra-stable microwave generating device based on frequency stabilized laser of a double-frequency fiber interferometer is characterized by comprising a first laser (1), a second laser (2), a first servo feedback circuit (3), a second servo feedback circuit (4), a first beam splitter (5), a second beam splitter (6), a second beam combiner (7), a third photoelectric detector (8), a first beam combiner (9), a fiber interferometer (10), a first optical filter (11), a second optical filter (12), a radio frequency comprehensive circuit (13), a first mixer (14), a second mixer (15), a third beam splitter (16), a first photoelectric detector (17) and a second photoelectric detector (18);
the laser wavelength of the first laser (1) is different from that of the second laser (2), the central wavelength of the first optical filter (11) is equal to that of the first laser (1), the central wavelength of the second optical filter is equal to that of the second laser, the laser wavelength of the first laser is matched with the stop band wave of the second optical filter, and the laser wavelength of the second laser is matched with the stop band wave of the first optical filter;
the emergent laser of the first laser (1) is divided into two beams of light through the first beam splitter (5), the first beam of light enters the first beam combiner (9), and the second beam of light enters the second beam combiner (7);
the emergent laser of the second laser (2) is divided into two beams by the second beam splitter (6), the first beam enters the first beam combiner (9), and the second beam enters the second beam combiner (7);
the two lasers with different wavelengths are combined by the second beam combiner (7) and subjected to beat frequency, and then the lasers are detected by the third photoelectric detector (8) to obtain an ultra-stable microwave signal;
after the two laser beams with different wavelengths are combined by the first beam combiner (9), the two laser beams enter the third beam splitter (18) through the optical fiber interferometer (10), are divided into two beams by the third beam splitter (18), and respectively pass through the first optical filter (11) and the second optical filter (12); outputting light through a first optical filter (11), obtaining a first beat frequency signal through the first photodetector (17), and entering an RF end of the first mixer (14); the output light of the second optical filter (12) passes through the second photodetector (16) to obtain a second beat signal, and enters the RF end of the second mixer (15);
the radio frequency comprehensive circuit (13) outputs three paths of radio frequency signals, the first path of radio frequency signals enters the optical fiber interferometer (10) to shift the frequency of the laser combined by the first beam combiner (9), the second path of radio frequency signals enters the LO end of the first frequency mixer (14) to obtain the frequency discrimination signal of the first laser, and then enters the first servo feedback circuit (3), and the output feedback signals are transmitted to the first laser for laser frequency stabilization; and the third path enters the LO end of the second mixer (15) to obtain a frequency discrimination signal of the second laser, and then enters the second servo feedback circuit (4), and the output feedback signal is transmitted to the second laser for laser frequency stabilization.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fiber optic interferometer is a heterodyne unequal-arm fiber optic interferometer, and wherein an acousto-optic modulator is mounted on one arm to shift the frequency of the laser beam entering the arm, and the two laser beams are combined at the output end.
3. The frequency stabilized laser-based ultrastable microwave generating device of claim 1, wherein the fiber interferometer can be used for frequency stabilization of two lasers simultaneously.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fiber interferometer is configured to perform frequency discrimination by an interferometric method, such as Michelson fiber interferometer or Mach-Zehnder fiber interferometer.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fiber interferometer has an acousto-optic modulator on one arm for frequency shift, and the detection of the laser frequency noise is heterodyne detection.
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| WO2009013294A1 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-01-29 | Thales | Fibre dual-frequency laser with wave mixing in amplification optical fibres |
| CN102591091A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-07-18 | 东南大学 | Method and system for generating photon microwave signal with stable phase |
| CN204719233U (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-10-21 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of target detection unit based on double-frequency laser |
| CN105259724A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Optical frequency comb repetition frequency divider based on optical fiber interferometer |
| CN106159667A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-23 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of laser frequency stabilizing system of dual interferometer |
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