CN112017413A - Optimization method for Bluetooth Mesh remote control system - Google Patents
Optimization method for Bluetooth Mesh remote control system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
- H04L1/188—Time-out mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
- H04L1/1887—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C2201/00—Transmission systems of control signals via wireless link
- G08C2201/50—Receiving or transmitting feedback, e.g. replies, status updates, acknowledgements, from the controlled devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C2201/00—Transmission systems of control signals via wireless link
- G08C2201/50—Receiving or transmitting feedback, e.g. replies, status updates, acknowledgements, from the controlled devices
- G08C2201/51—Remote controlling of devices based on replies, status thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
- H04Q2209/43—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture using wireless personal area networks [WPAN], e.g. 802.15, 802.15.1, 802.15.4, Bluetooth or ZigBee
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimization method for a Bluetooth Mesh remote control system, which retransmits a data packet which does not receive an ack message within set time for a limited number of times through an ack and overtime retransmission mechanism, and can increase the reliability of the system to a certain extent; for the problem that a packet loss retransmission mechanism may bring about time delay increase, the queuing time delay of a high-priority instruction is reduced through a priority queue algorithm, so that the overall time delay of the part of instructions is reduced. On the premise of ensuring the reliability of remote data transmission, the invention effectively reduces the end-to-end time delay of the high-priority instruction in the remote control, thereby being applicable to wider application scenes and further improving the value of the Bluetooth Mesh in the remote control of the Internet of things.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of remote control of the Internet of things, and particularly relates to an optimization method for a Bluetooth Mesh remote control system.
Background
Bluetooth is a short-distance wireless communication technology and is one of basic technologies of the Internet of things. The Bluetooth technology mainly comprises classic Bluetooth and low-power Bluetooth technology, and the low-power Bluetooth technology is widely applied to numerous fields such as medical care, sports fitness, security systems, sensor Internet of things and the like.
In order to solve the problems of short transmission distance, poor networking capability and the like in the low-power-consumption Bluetooth technology, in 7 months in 2017, a first-version Bluetooth Mesh standard specification is issued by a Bluetooth technology alliance so as to realize the global interoperability of a Mesh protocol. Mesh is a brand-new network topology structure selection of low-power-consumption Bluetooth, compared with the prior point-to-point and point-to-multipoint Bluetooth communication, the Mesh function supports many-to-many communication of Bluetooth equipment, and is very suitable for application fields of building automation, sensor networks, asset tracking and the like.
The bluetooth Mesh remote control has no unified standard, and still has many problems to be solved, such as packet loss rate, time delay, throughput, power consumption, and the like, where the packet loss rate is a most concerned performance index for researchers in the field of remote control of internet of things. The current internet of things remote communication mechanism can cause information to be incorrectly delivered or lost in the communication process at a certain probability due to the problems of high network complexity, network congestion, network failure and the like, and the packet loss has great risks on controlling equipment with certain harmfulness, such as temperature, fire voltage and the like, so that the packet loss rate reduction is of great practical significance for a remote control system. There are many measures available in remote control to reduce the packet loss rate, but these measures often bring larger network overhead, resulting in increased delay, so the system delay problem needs to be considered.
Based on the above consideration, aiming at the function and performance requirements of the remote control of the internet of things, a remote control scheme based on the MQTT technology and the bluetooth Mesh is designed, and on the basis, a system-level ack and packet loss retransmission mechanism is provided for the current packet loss problem so as to reduce the packet loss rate of the whole system. Aiming at the problem of time delay possibly brought by the increase of system complexity caused by packet loss rate optimization, a high-priority queue thought and a low-priority queue thought are put forward to realize the prior execution of high-priority instructions, and the time delay of the high-priority instructions is reduced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problem of packet loss in the Bluetooth Mesh remote control system, the invention provides an optimization method for the Bluetooth Mesh remote control system, and provides an optimization method for the network packet loss rate on the basis of the scheme, so that the reliability of the scheme can be effectively improved.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an optimization method for a bluetooth Mesh remote control system, comprising the following steps:
(1) designing a packet loss retransmission mechanism: designing a global ack and overtime retransmission mechanism by combining the realization of the ack mechanism of the Bluetooth Mesh, wherein for an instruction requiring high reliability, after the instruction is sent to a corresponding node through a terminal, the node also feeds back an ack to a terminal system, and if the terminal system does not receive a reply within a specified time range, the instruction is retransmitted; for other instructions with low requirement on reliability, after the data packet is sent, the node does not need to feed back ack to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to pay attention to whether the transmission is successful or not;
(2) designing an instruction priority queuing mechanism: adding two instruction queues with different priorities, and after the remote control instruction with the priority reaches a local controller, putting the instruction into the instruction queue with the corresponding priority; the application program firstly takes out the instruction with high priority for execution, and then takes out the instruction with low priority for continuous execution after the execution of the instruction with high priority is completed.
Further, the step (1) includes the steps of:
(11) the developer designs priority for own control instructions, and stores the data packet in a queue after the instruction is sent out by the remote control end for the instructions with higher reliability requirements;
(12) establishing an overtime timer for waiting the timing of the ack data packet when the data packet is sent; the timeout time is determined by the RTT of each transmission;
(13) the data packet reaches a control end of the Bluetooth Mesh through a server and a gateway, and the control end sends the data packet to a controlled node of the Bluetooth Mesh through a reliable message;
(14) the controlled node replies an ack message to the remote control end after receiving the message, and the ack message is used for judging whether the transmission is successful or not;
(15) the remote control end receives the ack message, deletes the related data in the waiting queue and deletes the timer at the same time;
(16) calculating RTT of the transmission, and calculating new timeout time for next transmission according to the timeout time before the transmission and the RTT of the transmission;
(17) if the data packet is not received after the timeout, executing retransmission operation, and executing the retransmission for the same data packet for 8 times at most;
(18) for other instructions with low requirement on reliability, after the data packet is sent, the node does not need to feed back ack to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to pay attention to whether the transmission is successful or not.
Further, the step (2) comprises the steps of:
(21) the remote control end allocates a priority to each instruction data packet, wherein the priority is high priority and low priority;
(22) the Bluetooth Mesh controller maintains two instruction queues, namely a high priority queue and a low priority queue;
(23) after the instruction reaches the gateway through the server, the Bluetooth Mesh controller judges whether the instruction is of high priority or low priority; enqueuing the high-priority queue if the high-priority queue is high, and enqueuing the low-priority queue otherwise;
(24) the instructions in the Bluetooth Mesh instruction scheduler circularly schedule the queue to be executed, the instructions in the high-priority queue are preferentially scheduled, and the low-priority instructions are scheduled after the instructions in the high-priority queue are empty; wherein, the instructions in the same priority queue are scheduled according to a first-in first-out rule;
(25) and the Bluetooth Mesh controller sends the scheduled instruction to the Bluetooth Mesh controlled node and executes the instruction.
Further, the high priority instruction in step (2) is always executed in preference to the low priority instruction.
Further, the ack packet in step (14) includes a packet identifier and node status information.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the invention solves the problem of system unreliability caused by network packet loss; the overall time delay of the instructions in the high-priority queue is reduced to a certain extent, and the real-time performance of data transmission is improved; 2. the design index of the system packet loss rate is reduced, and the improvement of the average end-to-end time delay can be controlled in a limited range while the complexity of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a process diagram of a packet loss retransmission mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of instruction enqueuing for the instruction priority queuing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of instruction scheduling for the instruction priority queuing mechanism of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the invention is explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides an optimization method for a Bluetooth Mesh remote control system, which comprises the following basic logic ideas: when an application program (PC end) needs to remotely control a lamp node, a control command is sent, the MQTT server built on the Alice cloud is forwarded to an intelligent device which is also connected with the MQTT server, the intelligent device sends a message to a proxy node of a Bluetooth Mesh network through a low-power-consumption Bluetooth GATT bearer, the proxy node converts a proxy data packet into a Bluetooth Mesh data packet and then directly sends the message to a controlled node in a broadcasting mode or forwards the message to the controlled node through a relay node, and corresponding operation is executed; when an application program needs to obtain node information, taking a sensor node as an example, after a message is sent to a Bluetooth Mesh network remotely, a friend node of the sensor node firstly receives the message, the sensor information stored in the friend node can be sent to a Bluetooth Mesh client, then the message can be replied to a control terminal through a cloud server, and the data can be uploaded to a database for subsequent viewing and processing under the condition of need.
The optimization scheme of the invention is as follows: whether the message is successfully sent to the controlled node or not is informed to the remote control terminal through an ack mechanism, and retransmission operation is carried out on the data packets which are possibly lost through an overtime retransmission mechanism, so that the overall reliability of the system can be effectively improved; the real-time performance of part of the time delay sensitive instructions is increased through a priority queue mechanism. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: designing a packet loss retransmission mechanism: a global ack and timeout retransmission mechanism is designed by combining the realization of an ack (acknowledgement) mechanism of Bluetooth Mesh, for an instruction requiring high reliability, after the instruction is sent to a corresponding node through a terminal, the node also feeds back an ack to a terminal system, and if the terminal system does not receive a reply within a specified time range, the instruction is retransmitted. After other command data packets with low reliability requirements are sent, the node does not need to feed back ack to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to pay attention to whether the transmission is successful or not.
The invention adopts a self-adapting mechanism to calculate the retransmission Time of the transmission, wherein the calculation is mainly based on Round-Trip Time (RTT), a weighted average RTTs (also called smooth Round-Trip Time in TCP) of the RTT is stored, the RTT of the transmission is calculated when an ack packet is received every Time, and a new RTTs is calculated by the following formula:
new RTTs(1- α) (old RTT)s) + α (new RTT sample)
Where the old one represents the value currently stored in the system, the new one calculated by the equation will override the value; the new RTT sample refers to the RTT value of the last operation; the value is the weight of each new RTT sample, and is generally between 0 and 1, if the value approaches 0, it indicates that each new RTT sample has little influence on the overall RTTs, and if the value approaches 1, it indicates that the RTTs change at each update may be large, and the value generally recommended here is generally 0.125.
The calculation method of the timeout Retransmission Time RTO (Retransmission Time-Out) set by the timeout timer is as follows, and in order to avoid excessive Retransmission timeout, the RTO is set to be 2 times of the conventional calculation method.
RTO＝2×(RTTs+4×RTTD)
The deviation weighted average value of the RTT is referred to, and the first measurement should be half of the sample value of the RTT. The subsequent calculation is as follows:
new RTTD(1- β) (old RTT)D)+β×|RTTS-new RTT |)
Here, the weight for each new offset is typically 0.25.
By the calculation method, the retransmission time of each time is adaptively corrected to adapt to the real situation of the network environment at the time, and the stability of the whole system is improved.
Next, a specific process of a packet loss retransmission mechanism is described, as shown in fig. 1, when a remote control terminal sends a data packet, a waiting time period RTO is set, and if a node does not receive an ack data packet of the data packet within the time period RTO, it is considered that the transmission fails, and at this time, the remote control terminal resends the data packet until the transmission succeeds. The specific process is as follows:
1) developers can design priority for own control instructions, for instructions with higher reliability requirements, such as instructions in an alarm system, the type of instructions are generally unacceptable for packet loss, and after the instructions are sent out from a remote control end, the data packets are stored in a queue.
2) Establishing an overtime timer for waiting the timing of the ack data packet when the data packet is sent; the timeout is determined by the RTT of each transmission.
3) The data packet reaches a control end of the Bluetooth Mesh through a server and a gateway, and the control end sends the data packet to a controlled node of the Bluetooth Mesh through a reliable message.
4) And the controlled node replies an ack message including message identification, node state and other information to the remote control terminal after receiving the message.
5) And the remote control terminal receives the message, deletes the related data in the waiting queue and deletes the timer at the same time.
6) And calculating the RTT of the transmission, and calculating a new timeout time for the next transmission by the timeout time before the transmission and the RTT of the transmission.
7) If the Ack data packet is not received after the timeout, executing retransmission operation: and retransmitting the data packet according to the data packet transmission flow. The same packet can only be retransmitted up to 8 times.
8) For other instructions with low reliability requirements, such as an instruction for periodically acquiring temperature and humidity sensor data, the instruction can accept occasional packet loss, after the data packet is sent, the node does not need to feed back ack to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to pay attention to whether the transmission is successful or not.
Step 2: designing an instruction priority queuing mechanism: establishing two instruction queues, namely a high-priority queue and a low-priority queue, in gateway equipment, and after a remote control instruction with a priority reaches a local controller, putting the instruction into the instruction queue with the corresponding priority; the application program firstly takes out the instruction with high priority for execution, and then takes out the instruction with low priority for continuous execution after the execution of the instruction with high priority is completed. The instruction scheduler always schedules the instructions waiting in the high priority queue with priority.
As shown in fig. 2, the bluetooth Mesh controller will put all the instructions into the corresponding instruction queue according to the priority level, the instruction scheduler will preferentially execute the high-priority instructions, and the low-priority instructions are executed after delay, as shown in fig. 3. The specific process is as follows:
1) the remote control end assigns a priority to each instruction data packet, which is respectively a high priority and a low priority.
2) The bluetooth Mesh controller maintains two instruction queues, a high priority queue and a low priority queue.
3) After the command reaches the gateway through the server, the Bluetooth Mesh controller judges whether the command is high priority or low priority. Enqueuing the high priority queue if the high priority queue is high, and enqueuing the low priority queue otherwise.
4) As shown in fig. 4, the bluetooth Mesh instruction scheduler cyclically schedules the instructions in the queue for execution, preferentially schedules the instructions in the high-priority queue, and schedules the low-priority instructions after the instructions in the high-priority queue are empty. Wherein instructions in the same priority queue are scheduled according to a first-in-first-out rule.
5) And the Bluetooth Mesh controller sends the scheduled instruction to the Bluetooth Mesh controlled node and executes the instruction.
The invention reduces the design index of the system packet loss rate to a certain extent, and the improvement of the average end-to-end time delay can be controlled in a limited range while the complexity of the system is improved.
Claims (5)
1. An optimization method for a Bluetooth Mesh remote control system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) designing a packet loss retransmission mechanism: designing a global ack and overtime retransmission mechanism by combining the realization of the ack mechanism of the Bluetooth Mesh, wherein for an instruction requiring high reliability, after the instruction is sent to a corresponding node through a terminal, the node also feeds back an ack to a terminal system, and if the terminal system does not receive a reply within a specified time range, the instruction is retransmitted; for other instructions with low requirement on reliability, after the data packet is sent, the node does not need to feed back ack to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to pay attention to whether the transmission is successful or not;
(2) designing an instruction priority queuing mechanism: adding two instruction queues with different priorities, and after the remote control instruction with the priority reaches a local controller, putting the instruction into the instruction queue with the corresponding priority; the application program firstly takes out the instruction with high priority for execution, and then takes out the instruction with low priority for continuous execution after the execution of the instruction with high priority is completed.
2. An optimization method for bluetooth Mesh remote control system according to claim 1, characterized by the step (1) comprising the steps of:
(11) the developer designs priority for own control instructions, and stores the data packet in a queue after the instruction is sent out by the remote control end for the instructions with higher reliability requirements;
(12) establishing an overtime timer for waiting the timing of the ack data packet when the data packet is sent; the timeout time is determined by the RTT of each transmission;
(13) the data packet reaches a control end of the Bluetooth Mesh through a server and a gateway, and the control end sends the data packet to a controlled node of the Bluetooth Mesh through a reliable message;
(14) the controlled node replies an ack message to the remote control end after receiving the message, and the ack message is used for judging whether the transmission is successful or not;
(15) the remote control end receives the ack message, deletes the related data in the waiting queue and deletes the timer at the same time;
(16) calculating RTT of the transmission, and calculating new timeout time for next transmission according to the timeout time before the transmission and the RTT of the transmission;
(17) if the data packet is not received after the timeout, executing retransmission operation, and executing the retransmission for the same data packet for 8 times at most;
(18) for other instructions with low requirement on reliability, after the data packet is sent, the node does not need to feed back ack to the terminal, and the terminal does not need to pay attention to whether the transmission is successful or not.
3. An optimization method for bluetooth Mesh remote control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the step (2) comprises the steps of:
(21) the remote control end allocates a priority to each instruction data packet, wherein the priority is high priority and low priority;
(22) the Bluetooth Mesh controller maintains two instruction queues, namely a high priority queue and a low priority queue;
(23) after the instruction reaches the gateway through the server, the Bluetooth Mesh controller judges whether the instruction is of high priority or low priority; enqueuing the high-priority queue if the high-priority queue is high, and enqueuing the low-priority queue otherwise;
(24) the instructions in the Bluetooth Mesh instruction scheduler circularly schedule the queue to be executed, the instructions in the high-priority queue are preferentially scheduled, and the low-priority instructions are scheduled after the instructions in the high-priority queue are empty; wherein, the instructions in the same priority queue are scheduled according to a first-in first-out rule;
(25) and the Bluetooth Mesh controller sends the scheduled instruction to the Bluetooth Mesh controlled node and executes the instruction.
4. The optimization method for bluetooth Mesh remote control system according to claim 1, wherein the high priority instruction in step (2) is always executed in preference to the low priority instruction.
5. The optimization method for bluetooth Mesh remote control system according to claim 2, wherein the ack packet of step (14) includes packet identifier and node status information.
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| CN113260072A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Mesh networking traffic scheduling method, gateway equipment and storage medium |
| CN113808380A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-17 | 宁波钧飞智能科技有限公司 | Multi-peripheral control algorithm and unattended integrated machine device based on priority queue |
| CN114157399A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-03-08 | 北京天德科技有限公司 | Optimization method, device and system for TCP feedback packet ACK packet |
| CN114268934A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-01 | 深圳市创维软件有限公司 | BLE GATT-based flow control method, device and storage medium |
| CN115884114A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-31 | 四川启睿克科技有限公司 | Bluetooth mesh control optimization method based on edge calculation |
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