CN112015196A - Attitude control system amplitude limiting value design method, storage medium and server - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/08—Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw
- G05D1/0808—Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for aircraft
- G05D1/0816—Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for aircraft to ensure stability
- G05D1/0825—Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw specially adapted for aircraft to ensure stability using mathematical models
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/24—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
- B64G1/244—Spacecraft control systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/24—Guiding or controlling apparatus, e.g. for attitude control
- B64G1/244—Spacecraft control systems
- B64G1/245—Attitude control algorithms for spacecraft attitude control
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Abstract
The invention provides an attitude control system amplitude limiting value design method, a storage medium and a server. The method is used for solving the optimization problem with LMI constraint and providing the amplitude limiting value design method of the proportional control item and the differential control item when the control is limited. By adopting the amplitude limiting values of the proportional term and the differential term in the optimized control law, the stability of the control system under the conditions of larger uncertainty and strong interference can be improved, and the robustness of the control system under the limited control is improved; the defects that the amplitude constraint of the feedback quantity is adjusted according to engineering experience or a target practice simulation result, theoretical basis is lacked, time is consumed for iteration, and the solving efficiency is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace, in particular to an aircraft control technology, and specifically relates to an attitude control system amplitude limiting value design method, a storage medium and a server.
Background
In actual engineering, the deflection range of an aircraft servo mechanism is restricted, a flight control system is a nonlinear system, and the stability of the flight control system is related to the flight state, the amplitude limit of a servo deflection angle, the amplitude limit processing of each feedback item in a control law and the like.
When the saturation problem of the control quantity is not considered, the robustness and the performance of the control system can be considered at the same time, and the control gains of the proportional term and the differential term are selected preferentially; however, when the aircraft is subjected to a large external disturbance or the dynamic model has a large uncertainty, in order to improve the robustness of the control system, improve the stability of the control system and avoid control saturation as much as possible, according to engineering experience, 60% -70% of the maximum deflection angle of the servo mechanism is generally used as the amplitude limiting value of the differential term in the control law, and 30% -40% of the maximum deflection angle of the servo mechanism is used as the amplitude limiting value of the proportional term in the control law. Usually, amplitude constraints of various feedback quantities in the control law are repeatedly adjusted and determined according to engineering experience or a target practice simulation result, certain theoretical basis is lacked, and the iterative design process is time-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of amplitude limiting value design of a proportional term and a differential term in a control law of an aircraft attitude control system under the condition of limited control.
One aspect of the invention provides an attitude control system amplitude limiting value design method, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a dynamic model of the single attitude control channel of the aircraft around the centroid in a small disturbance manner;
designing a control law and control parameters of the aircraft attitude control channel based on a PD control structure;
based on the control law, establishing a feedback term and a posture control system nested saturation limited model with limited control quantity, wherein the feedback term comprises a differential feedback term and a proportional feedback term;
converting the design problem of the amplitude limiting value of a feedback item in a control law into an optimization problem of an attraction domain of a control system with input subjected to nested saturation constraint;
and solving the amplitude limiting value of the feedback item by solving the optimal attraction domain of the control system with the input constrained by nested saturation.
Further, a stability margin test sub-algorithm is adopted to design control parameters in the control law.
Further, the method for establishing the attitude control system nested saturation limited model with limited feedback items and controlled variables comprises the following steps:
constructing a saturation function with a limiting value of 1;
expressing the control quantity by a product of a maximum amplitude limit and a saturation function, wherein the feedback term which is also expressed by the product of the maximum amplitude limit and the saturation function is nested;
substituting the control quantity into the aircraft single attitude control channel small disturbance dynamic model around the centroid to obtain an attitude control system nested saturation limited model with limited feedback items and control quantity.
Further, the saturation function with the clipping value of 1 is expressed as:
therefore, the method for designing the amplitude limiting value of the attitude control system provided by the invention provides a method for designing the nested amplitude limiting of the control quantity by utilizing the optimization control theory of the control limited system aiming at the problem of stable control of the aircraft attitude control system under the condition of control limitation, namely, a control limited model of the attitude control system is established, the problem of amplitude limiting value design of a proportional term and a differential term in a control law is converted into the problem of attraction domain optimization of the control system subjected to nested saturation constraint, and the method for designing the amplitude limiting value of the proportional control term and the differential control term under the condition of control limitation is provided by solving the problem of optimization with LMI constraint.
Compared with the prior art, the amplitude limiting value design method provided by the invention adopts the amplitude limiting values of the proportional term and the differential term in the optimized control law, improves the stability of the control system under the condition of larger uncertainty and strong interference, and improves the robustness of the control system under the condition of limited control; the method avoids the defects that when the amplitude constraint of the feedback quantity is adjusted according to engineering experience or a target practice simulation result, theoretical basis is lacked and time-consuming iteration is needed, and remarkably improves the solving efficiency.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an attitude control system amplitude limit value design method according to an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are not to be construed as limiting the invention but are to be construed as more particularly describing certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention, which are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention.
A flow diagram of an attitude control system clipping value design method according to an exemplary embodiment is given in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
s101: establishing a dynamic model of the single attitude control channel of the aircraft around the centroid in a small disturbance manner;
s102: designing a control law and control parameters of the aircraft attitude control channel based on a PD control structure;
s103: based on the control law, establishing a feedback term and a posture control system nested saturation limited model with limited control quantity, wherein the feedback term comprises a differential feedback term and a proportional feedback term;
s104: converting the design problem of the amplitude limiting value of a feedback item in a control law into an optimization problem of an attraction domain of a control system with input subjected to nested saturation constraint;
s105: and solving the amplitude limiting value of the feedback item by solving the optimal attraction domain of the control system with the input constrained by nested saturation.
Preferably, in step S102, a stability margin test sub-algorithm is used to design the control parameters in the control law.
Preferably, the method for establishing the attitude control system nested saturation limited model with the limited feedback items and the limited control quantity in step S103 specifically includes the following steps:
constructing a saturation function with a limiting value of 1;
expressing the control quantity by a product of a maximum amplitude limit and a saturation function, wherein the feedback term which is also expressed by the product of the maximum amplitude limit and the saturation function is nested;
substituting the control quantity into the aircraft single attitude control channel small disturbance dynamic model around the centroid to obtain an attitude control system nested saturation limited model with limited feedback items and control quantity.
Preferably, the saturation function with the clipping value of 1 is expressed as:
the method of the present disclosure is further illustrated by the application example below.
Example 1
The attitude control law design of a pitching channel of an aircraft is taken as an example. The design method of the clipping value of the clipping item comprises the following steps:
1. establishing a small deviation dynamic model of the longitudinal motion around the mass center of a certain aircraft as follows:
the pitch angle rate is expressed in terms of,a pitch channel control quantity is represented and,the thrust force is indicated by the expression,
the derivative of lift to angle of attack is represented,representing a lift force pairThe derivative of (a) of (b),
the mass of the aircraft is represented and,which represents the acceleration of the force of gravity,the angle of inclination of the trajectory is shown,
representing the moment of inertia of the aircraft about the z-axis of the arrow system,the speed of the aircraft is indicated and,
the derivative of the pitching moment with respect to the angle of attack is represented,the derivative of the pitch moment with respect to the pitch angle rate is represented,
2. By adopting a PD control structure, the pitch channel control law is designed as follows:
3. according to the maximum deflection angle of the servomechanismConstraining the control quantity of the pitch channelThe constraint of the differential term is,Are design parameters. Considering the constraint on the controlled variable, the controlled variable isExpressed as:
order to,The pitch channel small deviation dynamics model can be represented as the following nested saturation-limited model:
4. the design problem of the amplitude limiting value of a differential feedback term in a control law is converted into an attraction domain optimization problem of a control system with the input subject to nested saturation constraint.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,for a given positive definite matrix, positive definite matrix、、To optimize the variables.
5. Solving the optimization problem to obtain an optimized variableThereby obtaining a slicing value of the differential termAnd further obtaining a control law:
example two
The attitude control law design of a pitching channel of an aircraft is taken as an example. The design method of the clipping value of the clipping item comprises the following steps:
1. establishing a small deviation dynamic model of the longitudinal motion around the mass center of a certain aircraft as follows:
the pitch angle rate is expressed in terms of,a pitch channel control quantity is represented and,the thrust force is indicated by the expression,
the derivative of lift to angle of attack is represented,representing a lift force pairThe derivative of (a) of (b),
the mass of the aircraft is represented and,which represents the acceleration of the force of gravity,the angle of inclination of the trajectory is shown,
representing the moment of inertia of the aircraft about the z-axis of the arrow system,the speed of the aircraft is indicated and,
the derivative of the pitching moment with respect to the angle of attack is represented,the derivative of the pitch moment with respect to the pitch angle rate is represented,
2. By adopting a PD control structure, the pitch channel control law is designed as follows:
3. according to the maximum deflection angle of the servomechanismConstraining the control quantity of the pitch channelThe constraint of the proportional term is,Are design parameters. Considering the constraint on the controlled variable, the controlled variable isExpressed as:
order to,The pitch channel small deviation dynamics model can be represented as the following nested saturation-limited model:
4. the design problem of the amplitude limiting value of a proportional feedback item in the control law is converted into an attraction domain optimization problem of a control system with nested saturation constraint input.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,for a given positive definite matrix, positive definite matrix、、、To optimize the variables.
5. Solving the optimization problem to obtain an optimized variableTo obtain the clipping value of the proportional termAnd further obtaining a control law:
the embodiments of the present application described above may be implemented in various hardware, software code, or a combination of both. For example, the embodiments of the present application may also represent program codes for executing the above-described methods in a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The present application may also relate to a variety of functions performed by a computer processor, digital signal processor, microprocessor, or Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The processor described above may be configured in accordance with the present application to perform certain tasks by executing machine-readable software code or firmware code that defines certain methods disclosed herein. Software code or firmware code may be developed to represent different programming languages and different formats or forms. Different target platforms may also be represented to compile the software code. However, different code styles, types, and languages of software code and other types of configuration code for performing tasks according to the present application do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present application.
The foregoing is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention, and any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for designing an amplitude limiting value of an attitude control system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a dynamic model of the single attitude control channel of the aircraft around the centroid in a small disturbance manner;
designing a control law and control parameters of the aircraft attitude control channel based on a PD control structure;
based on the control law, establishing a feedback term and a posture control system nested saturation limited model with limited control quantity, wherein the feedback term comprises a differential feedback term and a proportional feedback term;
converting the design problem of the amplitude limiting value of a feedback item in a control law into an optimization problem of an attraction domain of a control system with input subjected to nested saturation constraint;
and solving the amplitude limiting value of the feedback item by solving the optimal attraction domain of the control system with the input constrained by nested saturation.
2. The method for designing amplitude limiting values of an attitude control system according to claim 1, wherein a stability margin test sub-algorithm is adopted to design control parameters in the control law.
3. The method for designing the amplitude limiting value of the attitude control system according to claim 1, wherein the method for establishing the nested saturation-limited model of the attitude control system with the limitation of the feedback item and the control quantity comprises the following steps:
constructing a saturation function with a limiting value of 1;
expressing the control quantity by a product of a maximum amplitude limit and a saturation function, wherein the feedback term which is also expressed by the product of the maximum amplitude limit and the saturation function is nested;
substituting the control quantity into the aircraft single attitude control channel small disturbance dynamic model around the centroid to obtain an attitude control system nested saturation limited model with limited feedback items and control quantity.
5. the attitude control system amplitude limiting value design method according to claim 1, wherein the aircraft is a liquid rocket.
6. The method for designing amplitude limiting values of an attitude control system according to claim 5, wherein propellants used by the liquid rocket are a liquid oxygen propellant and a methane propellant.
7. The attitude control system amplitude limiting value design method according to claim 1, wherein the aircraft is a missile.
8. The method for designing the amplitude limiting value of the attitude control system according to claim 7, wherein the propellants adopted by the missile are a liquid oxygen propellant and a kerosene propellant.
9. A storage medium having stored thereon an executable program that, when called, executes an attitude control system limit value design method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A server, comprising a memory storing an executable program and a processor for invoking the executable program to perform an attitude control system clipping value design method according to any one of claims 1-4.
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