CN112013040A

CN112013040A - Synchronization device with a spring element for presynchronization

Info

Publication number: CN112013040A
Application number: CN202010397899.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马图斯·佛吉特林; 卢卡斯·霍瓦内茨
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Current assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date: 2019-05-29
Filing date: 2020-05-12
Publication date: 2020-12-01
Also published as: DE102019114441A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a synchronization device for a transmission, comprising: at least one synchronizer ring (1) having tooth elements (2) at the outer ring circumference; an axially movable sliding sleeve (3) having tooth elements (4) at the inner ring circumference; a sleeve carrier (5); and at least one spring element (6) arranged in a non-releasable manner on the at least one synchronizing ring (1) for pre-synchronization between the sliding sleeve (3) and the at least one synchronizing ring (1), wherein the spring element (6) is formed in one piece from a sheet metal and is arranged at least in a form-fitting manner on a flange (7) of the at least one synchronizing ring (1).

Description

Synchronization device with a spring element for presynchronization

Technical Field

The invention relates to a synchronizing device for a transmission, comprising at least one synchronizing ring, an axially movable sliding sleeve and a sleeve carrier.

Background

Synchronization devices are used in different variants in motor vehicle transmissions. The synchronization device serves for speed matching between the gear wheels to be coupled of different transmission ratios, in order to reduce shifting forces and wear in the transmission and to improve shifting comfort. A particularly frequently used variant of the synchronization device is designed as a locking synchronization and has a conical friction clutch which can be designed as a single cone synchronization or as a multiple cone synchronization. In order to ensure correct synchronization of the gear changes, synchronization is usually first of all, in which the different rotational speeds between the loose wheel and the shaft are equalized with one another. The coupling is thus effected by a form-fitting connection of the loose wheel to the shaft. To ensure first synchronization and then coupling, a coordinated locking function is required.

A conventional locking synchronizer usually has a sleeve carrier or a synchronizer body with a plurality of pressure elements distributed over the circumference, which are prestressed in the radial direction by means of springs. The preloaded pressure elements are used for presynchronization. True synchronization is performed by a conical friction clutch with a single cone at the synchronizer ring. The entire frictional power is absorbed by the conical friction clutch. The torque is transmitted via the toothing of the sliding sleeve, which in the shifting state connects the loose wheel or the gearwheel, the synchronizer ring and the sleeve carrier or the shaft. The locking function is obtained by cooperation at the so-called top teeth of the synchronizing ring and of the sliding sleeve. The pressure element is not only prestressed in the radial direction by means of a spring, but is additionally movable in the axial direction. Known pressure elements for pre-synchronization are usually composed of two parts, namely a spring and a pressure body. In this design of the pressure element, there is often a risk of the pressure element becoming stuck or jumping out, which can lead to damage to the transmission.

A synchronizing device for a transmission of known design, which has a plurality of pressure elements in a sleeve carrier, is known, for example, from DE 102005054085 a 1. Furthermore, DE 102012214025 a1 discloses a synchronizer ring for a synchronizer of a gear transmission, which is formed from sheet metal parts and has at least one friction surface forming a friction pair with a friction partner. For the purpose of torsion resistance, the synchronizer ring comprises a plurality of inner flanges and a plurality of outer flanges, wherein the outer flanges simultaneously serve as axial stops for the pressure piece in the sliding sleeve and serve for pre-synchronization.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide an alternative synchronization device which is suitable for presynchronization without a pressure piece. The object is achieved by a synchronization device for a transmission. Preferred embodiments can be derived from the following.

The synchronization device for a transmission according to the present invention includes: at least one synchronizing ring having tooth elements at an outer ring circumference; an axially movable sliding sleeve having tooth elements at an inner ring circumference; a sleeve carrier; and at least one spring element arranged on the at least one synchronizing ring in a non-releasable manner for pre-synchronization between the sliding sleeve and the at least one synchronizing ring, wherein the spring element is formed in one piece from a metal plate and is arranged at least in a form-fitting manner at a flange of the at least one synchronizing ring.

The flange at the at least one synchronizer ring can be understood to be a thin-walled profile which is essentially flat and extends in the axial direction. The flange is formed in particular in one piece on at least one synchronizing ring. Preferably, a plurality of flanges are formed on the at least one synchronizing ring uniformly distributed over the circumference, wherein the respective flange is formed axially in the direction of the sleeve carrier. A spring element for pre-synchronization is provided on each flange, preferably between the sliding sleeve and the at least one synchronizing ring. The spring element is advantageously punched out and formed from a metal sheet, in particular a steel sheet.

Preferably, the flange of the at least one synchronizing ring has a recess at a radially inwardly directed face for at least partially accommodating the spring element. The recess is designed as a depression of the flange which is recessed radially outward into the radially inward surface and is formed in a manner which cooperates with the spring element such that the spring element is at least partially received so as to be radially accessible in the recess or the flange. This simultaneously enables a secure fixing of the position of the spring element at the flange.

Furthermore, the recess has an inclination at the flange in the radial direction. In other words, the base or bottom of the recess formed at the inwardly directed face of the flange facing outwards in the radial direction is not straight, but is inclined or angled. In other words, the radial depth of the recess is not constant, but rather is formed radially deeper in the first region of the flange than in the second region of the flange.

Preferably, the spring element has a first and a second spring leg which are connected to one another in one piece, wherein the first spring leg rests against the flange at least partially in the recess, and wherein the second spring leg rests against the circumferential section of the at least one synchronizing ring opposite the first spring leg. In particular, the first and second spring legs form an acute angle, preferably an angle of less than 45 °. In the mounted state of the spring element on the at least one synchronizer ring, the spring element is supported by means of the first leg on the flange of the at least one synchronizer ring and by means of the second leg on the circumferential section of the at least one synchronizer ring. As a result, the two spring legs are at least partially elastically deformed, wherein a spring preload is generated.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the spring element has a third and a fourth spring leg, wherein the third spring leg is connected in one piece to the second spring leg and the fourth spring leg is connected in one piece to the third spring leg and at an angle, and wherein the sleeve carrier is at least partially accommodated between the third and fourth spring legs. The third and fourth spring legs thus at least partially surround the sleeve carrier to connect the spring element with the sleeve carrier.

Preferably, the apex region between the third and fourth spring legs is arranged in a recess at the inner ring circumference of the sliding sleeve. The apex region of the third and fourth spring legs can be understood to be the region of the spring element which connects the third and fourth spring legs to one another in one piece. In the apex region between the third and fourth spring legs, a curvature is formed which enters radially into a recess at the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve. The recess at the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve is designed in the form of a groove or a truncated sphere and at least partially accommodates the spring element.

Preferably, the spring element is designed to be axially moved into the at least one synchronizer ring, wherein the spring element is at least partially elastically deformed in this case. In particular, the spring element is pressed into the at least one synchronizer ring, wherein the first and second spring legs of the spring element approach each other until a final position of the spring element relative to the at least one synchronizer ring is reached. In the final position of the spring element at the at least one synchronizer ring, the first spring leg snaps into a recess at the flange and fixes the spring element relative to the at least one synchronizer ring.

Drawings

Further measures which improve the invention are indicated in the following in connection with the description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings. Shown here are:

figure 1 shows a simplified schematic perspective view for illustrating a part of a synchronization device according to the invention,

figure 2 shows a simplified schematic perspective view of a part of a synchronizer ring for illustrating the synchronization device according to the invention according to figure 1,

figure 3 shows a simplified schematic cross-section for illustrating a part of the synchronizer ring according to figures 1 and 2,

FIG. 4 shows a simplified schematic perspective view for illustrating a spring element of the synchronization device according to the invention according to FIG. 1, and

fig. 5a-5d show four simplified schematic cross-sectional views for illustrating corresponding parts during mounting of the spring element on the synchronizer ring.

Detailed Description

According to fig. 1, a synchronization device for a transmission, not shown here, has: a synchronizer ring 1 having tooth elements 2 at an outer ring circumferential surface; an axially movable sliding sleeve 3 having tooth elements 4 at the inner ring circumference; a sleeve carrier 5; and a spring element 6 arranged on the synchronizing ring 1 so as to be non-disengageable for pre-synchronization between the sliding sleeve 3 and the synchronizing ring 1. Only a part of the synchronization device is currently shown, so that only one spring element is visible. However, a plurality of identical spring elements 6 are arranged on the synchronizer ring 1 distributed over the circumference. Each spring element 6 is formed in one piece from a metal plate and is arranged with a positive fit at a corresponding flange 7 of the synchronizer ring 1. For this purpose, each flange 7 of the synchronizer ring 1 has, at a radially inwardly facing face, a recess 8 for partially accommodating the respective spring element 6.

The spring element 6, which is shown in the installed state in fig. 1 and in the detached and uninstalled state in fig. 4, has a first and a

second spring leg

6a, 6b, which are connected to one another in one piece and at an angle, wherein the first spring leg 6a rests in the installed state at least partially in a recess 8 on a flange 7, and wherein the second spring leg 6b rests opposite the first spring leg 6a on a circumferential section of the synchronizer ring 1. Furthermore, the spring element 6 has a third and a

fourth spring leg

6c, 6d, the third spring leg 6c being connected in one piece to the second spring leg 6b and the fourth spring leg 6d being connected in one piece and at an angle to the third spring leg 6 c. The sleeve carrier 5 is accommodated at least partially between the third and

fourth spring legs

6c, 6d in the mounted state. A spherical segment 10 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 3, in which a rounded apex region 9 is arranged between the third and

fourth spring legs

6c, 6 d.

Fig. 2 shows a partial view of the synchronizer ring 1, wherein the tooth elements 2 adjoining the synchronizer ring 1 in the circumferential direction are formed in the axial direction by the flange 7. The flange 7 is therefore formed parallel to the axis of rotation of the synchronizer ring 1. On the inner face on the flange 7, a recess 8 for receiving the first spring leg 6a of the spring element 6 is formed obliquely. In other words, the recess 8 at the flange 7 has an inclined portion in the radial direction. In the installed state, the first spring leg 6a of the spring element 6 thus forms an axial stop surface, which prevents the spring element 6 from being unintentionally released from the flange 7.

Fig. 3 shows a sectional view through the flange 7 of the partially shown synchronizer ring 1. The inclined surface forms an inclined bottom of the recess 8 in the flange 7. In other words, the depth of the recess 8 varies in an axial direction parallel to the axis of rotation.

Fig. 5a to 5d show four mounting steps of the spring element 6 on the synchronizer ring 1. In fig. 5a, the spring element 6 is first moved parallel to the arrow P in the direction of the synchronizer ring 1 by means of the first and

second spring legs

6a, 6 b. According to fig. 5b, the spring element 6 is pushed radially in the axial direction between the flange 7 at the synchronizing ring 1 and the circumferential surface of the synchronizing ring 1, wherein the first and

second spring legs

6a, 6b are elastically brought closer to each other. According to fig. 5c, the first and

second spring legs

6a, 6b are maximally elastically moved toward one another, with the spring element 6 being pressed further into the synchronizer ring 1. The first spring leg 6a rests against the flange 7. According to fig. 5d, the installation of the spring element 6 on the synchronizer ring 1 is completed, wherein the first spring leg 6a rests partially in the recess 8 on the flange 7, and wherein the second spring leg 6b rests opposite the first spring leg 6a on the circumferential section of the synchronizer ring 1.

List of reference numerals:

1 synchronizer ring

2 tooth element on synchronizer ring

3 sliding sleeve

4 tooth element on sliding sleeve

5 Sleeve Carrier

6 spring element

6a-6d spring leg

7 Flange

8 concave part

9 vertex region

10 space part

P arrow head

Claims

1. A synchronizing device for a transmission, comprising: at least one synchronizer ring (1) having tooth elements (2) at the outer ring circumference; an axially movable sliding sleeve (3) having tooth elements (4) at the inner ring circumference; a sleeve carrier (5); and at least one spring element (6) arranged in a non-releasable manner on the at least one synchronizer ring (1) for pre-synchronization between the sliding sleeve (3) and the at least one synchronizer ring (1), wherein the spring element (6) is formed in one piece from a sheet metal and is arranged at least in a form-fitting manner on a flange (7) of the at least one synchronizer ring (1).

2. The synchronization device as set forth in claim 1,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the flange (7) of the at least one synchronizer ring (1) has a recess (8) at a radially inward face for partially accommodating the spring element (6).

3. The synchronization device as set forth in claim 2,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the recess (8) at the flange (7) has an inclination in the radial direction.

4. Synchronization device according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the spring element (6) has a first and a second spring leg (6a, 6b) which are connected to one another in one piece, wherein the first spring leg (6a) rests against the flange (7) at least partially in the recess (8), and wherein the second spring leg (6b) rests against a circumferential section of the at least one synchronizing ring (1) opposite the first spring leg (6 a).

5. The synchronization device as set forth in claim 4,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the spring element (6) has a third and a fourth spring leg (6c, 6d), wherein the third spring leg (6c) is connected in one piece with the second spring leg (6b) and the fourth spring leg (6d) is connected in one piece and at an angle with the third spring leg (6c), and wherein the sleeve carrier (5) is at least partially accommodated between the third and the fourth spring leg (6c, 6 d).

6. The synchronization device as set forth in claim 5,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

an apex region (9) between the third and fourth spring legs (6c, 6d) is arranged in a recess (10) at the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (3).

7. Synchronization device according to one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the spring element (6) is designed to be pushed axially into the at least one synchronizer ring (1), wherein the spring element (6) is at least partially elastically deformed in the process.