CN112012846B - Free piston Stirling engine - Google Patents
Free piston Stirling engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112012846B CN112012846B CN201910470349.4A CN201910470349A CN112012846B CN 112012846 B CN112012846 B CN 112012846B CN 201910470349 A CN201910470349 A CN 201910470349A CN 112012846 B CN112012846 B CN 112012846B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a free piston Stirling engine. The free piston Stirling engine comprises two Stirling mechanisms which are oppositely arranged, a heat source is arranged between the two Stirling mechanisms, each Stirling mechanism comprises a shell and a heat pipe type heater, a communication pipeline is connected between the two Stirling mechanisms, the communication pipeline is respectively communicated with two expansion cavities, or the communication pipeline is respectively communicated with two compression cavities, or the communication pipeline is respectively communicated with two back cavities, the heat pipe type heater comprises a heater body and a plurality of heat pipes, the condensation end of each heat pipe is correspondingly arranged in each heat pipe embedding hole, and the evaporation end of each heat pipe is respectively connected with the heat source through the shell. The free piston Stirling engine has a compact structure, reduces the vibration of the engine, realizes the heat transmission by adopting the heat pipe type heater by each Stirling mechanism, effectively reduces the heat loss in the energy transmission and improves the working efficiency of the engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a free piston Stirling engine.
Background
The free piston Stirling engine is an externally heated closed cycle piston engine and has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, long service life and the like. The heater acts as a key component of the free piston Stirling engine and has a significant impact on engine performance. The conventional heater has various specific structural forms, and the fin type heater and the shell type heater are widely applied.
For fin heaters, the working medium inside the heater is typically a gas, and the heat transfer working medium outside the heater is typically a heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid absorbs heat in a heat source and then transfers the heat to the gas to be heated in a heat exchanger. Because the fin heater adopts the wire cutting mode to process, not only the processing cost is high to along with the increase of size, the fin height increases, and the heat conduction difference in temperature will increase.
For a shell-and-tube heater, the working air flows in the circular tubes inside the heater, the heat carrier fluid flows outside the circular tubes, and the temperature of the outer wall of each circular tube is relatively close to that of the heat carrier fluid, so that the gases in different circular tubes cannot have larger temperature difference. However, this form of construction has the following problems: because alternating flow heat exchange is closely related to the heat penetration depth of the gas, very tight arrangement is required between the circular tubes in order to ensure better heat exchange. However, in the actual process, it was found that even though the round tubes are very closely arranged, the flow area ratio of the heat exchanger is relatively small, and as the heater is increased, the number of round tubes reaches thousands or more, and the reliability is very low.
Therefore, in the process of heating gas by using the heat transfer fluid, the conventional heater has the problems of complex energy transmission, high heat loss in energy transmission, corrosion of the heat transfer fluid on the heater and the like. Moreover, for a single Stirling engine, the high frequency motion of the pistons within the engine, alternating flow of gas, and pressure pulsations can cause the entire device to vibrate significantly, thereby affecting engine performance.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a free piston Stirling engine, which solves the problems of complex energy transmission and large heat loss in energy transmission of a heater in the existing engine and the problem that a single Stirling engine is easy to generate larger vibration during working.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a free piston Stirling engine, which comprises two Stirling mechanisms arranged oppositely, wherein a heat source is arranged between the two Stirling mechanisms;
Each Stirling mechanism comprises a shell, an expansion cavity, a compression cavity, a back cavity and a heat pipe type heater which are respectively arranged in the shell, wherein the heat pipe type heater is arranged in the expansion cavity;
A communicating pipeline is connected between the two Stirling mechanisms, and the communicating pipeline is respectively communicated with the two expansion cavities, or the communicating pipeline is respectively communicated with the two compression cavities, or the communicating pipeline is respectively communicated with the two back cavities;
The heat pipe type heater comprises a heater body and a plurality of heat pipes, wherein a plurality of heat pipe embedding holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the heat pipes are formed in a first end face of the heater body, a plurality of gas flow passages are arranged among the heat pipe embedding holes in a staggered manner, each gas flow passage is arranged in a penetrating manner along a first end face to a second end face of the heater body, and each gas flow passage is respectively communicated with the expansion cavity; the heat pipes comprise evaporation ends and condensation ends, the condensation ends of the heat pipes are correspondingly arranged in the heat pipe embedding holes, and the evaporation ends of the heat pipes respectively penetrate through the shell and are connected with the heat source.
Specifically, a first central through hole is formed in the middle of the heater body, and the first central through hole is arranged in a penetrating manner along the first end face and the second end face of the heater body.
Specifically, each of the heat pipe insertion holes is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first center through hole.
Specifically, each of the gas flow passages is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first center through hole.
Specifically, heat exchange fins are respectively arranged in each gas flow passage.
Further, a heat regenerator and a cooler are further arranged in the shell, and the heat pipe type heater, the heat regenerator and the cooler are sequentially connected.
Further, a second central through hole is formed in the middle of the heat regenerator, and a third central through hole is formed in the middle of the cooler; the shell is internally provided with a discharger, and the discharger sequentially penetrates through the first center through hole, the second center through hole and the third center through hole.
Further, one end of the shell, which is close to the heat source, is a heating end, and one end of the shell, which is far away from the heat source, is a cooling end; the heat pipe type heater is positioned at the heating end of the shell.
Further, a power piston is further arranged in the shell, and the power piston is located at the cooling end of the shell.
(III) beneficial effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
According to the free piston Stirling engine provided by the invention, two Stirling mechanisms which are oppositely arranged are adopted, so that the vibration of the engine can be reduced, the structure is more compact, and meanwhile, the heat pipe type heater is adopted by the two Stirling mechanisms to realize heat transmission, so that the working efficiency of the engine is effectively improved.
According to the free piston Stirling engine provided by the invention, the heat source is arranged between the two Stirling mechanisms, so that the heat pipes in each heat pipe type heater can be arranged in a straight line without being arranged into a bending structure, the processing difficulty of the heat pipes is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is further reduced.
According to the free piston Stirling engine provided by the invention, when the evaporation end of the heat pipe is heated in the working process of the heat pipe type heater, the liquid working medium in the heat pipe is rapidly evaporated, vapor flows to the condensation end of the heat pipe under a tiny pressure difference, and the condensation end transfers heat to the heater body through heat conduction. Because the heater body is provided with a plurality of gas flow passages, the reciprocating motion of the gas working medium in the gas flow passages realizes the convection of gas in the gas flow passages, so that heat is transferred from the heater body to the gas working medium. Compared with the traditional heat exchanger, the heat pipe type heater adopted by the invention does not need heat transfer fluid to serve as a heat transfer medium, so that the heating process is simpler, the heat loss in energy transmission is effectively reduced, the heating efficiency of the heater is improved, the problem of corrosion of the heat transfer fluid to the heat exchanger is solved, the service life of the heat exchanger is prolonged, and the working performance of an engine is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a free piston Stirling engine in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a Stirling mechanism in a free piston Stirling engine according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the heat pipe heater of a free piston Stirling engine in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a heater body in a free piston stirling engine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1: a heater body; 101: a heat pipe embedding hole; 102: a gas flow passage; 103: a first central through hole; 2: a heat pipe; 201: an evaporation end; 202: a condensing end; 3: a housing; 301: heating end; 302: a cooling end; 4: a heat pipe heater; 5: a regenerator; 6: a cooler; 7: an expansion chamber; 8: a power piston; 9: an ejector; 10: a heat source; 11: a first Stirling mechanism; 12: a second Stirling mechanism; 13: a support frame; 14: a communication pipe; 15: a compression chamber; 16: a back cavity.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a free piston stirling engine comprising two opposed stirling mechanisms, a first stirling mechanism 11 and a second stirling mechanism 12, respectively, with a heat source 10 disposed between the first stirling mechanism 11 and the second stirling mechanism 12.
Each of the stirling mechanisms includes a housing 3, an expansion chamber 7, a compression chamber 15, a back chamber 16 and a heat pipe heater 4 respectively disposed in the housing 3, wherein the heat pipe heater 4 is disposed in the expansion chamber 7.
A communication pipe 14 is connected between the first stirling mechanism 11 and the second stirling mechanism 12. Wherein the communication pipeline 14 is respectively communicated with the two expansion cavities 7, or the communication pipeline 14 is respectively communicated with the two compression cavities 15, or the communication pipeline 14 is respectively communicated with the two back cavities 16.
In this embodiment, the communication pipes 14 communicate with the two expansion chambers 7, respectively. By providing the communication pipe 14, the same members in the first stirling mechanism 11 and the second stirling mechanism 12 disposed in opposition can be moved in opposite directions, and the inertial force of the moving members on both sides can be canceled, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing vibration.
The heat pipe heater 4 includes a heater body 1 and a plurality of heat pipes 2. The first end surface of the heater body 1 is provided with a plurality of heat pipe embedding holes 101 corresponding to the heat pipes 2 one by one, and a plurality of gas flow passages 102 are arranged between the heat pipe embedding holes 101 in a staggered manner. Each of the heat pipes 2 extends from the first end face to the second end face of the heater body 1, but each of the heat pipes 2 does not penetrate the second end face of the heater body 1. Each gas flow passage 102 is disposed through along the first end face and the second end face of the heater body 1, and each gas flow passage 102 is respectively communicated with the expansion chamber 7.
The heat pipes 2 include evaporation ends 201 and condensation ends 202, wherein the condensation ends 201 of the heat pipes 2 are correspondingly disposed inside the heat pipe embedding holes 101, and the evaporation ends 201 of the heat pipes 2 respectively penetrate through the housing 3 and are connected with the heat source 10.
When the heat pipe heater 4 works, the evaporation end 201 of each heat pipe 2 is heated in the heat source 10, so that the liquid working medium in the heat pipe 2 is evaporated rapidly, the vapor flows to the condensation end 202 of the heat pipe 2 under a small pressure difference, and the condensation end 202 transfers heat to the heater body 1 through heat conduction. Because the heater body 1 is provided with the plurality of gas flow passages 102 communicated with the expansion chambers 7, the gas working medium in each expansion chamber 7 can reciprocate in the gas flow passages 102, thereby realizing the convection of gas in the gas flow passages 102, and further transmitting heat from the heater body 1 to the gas working medium, and realizing the heating of the gas working medium. When the temperature of the gas working medium in the expansion cavity 7 reaches the self-starting temperature, the power piston 8 in the shell 3 starts to vibrate, and then heat input from the outside is converted into mechanical energy for the reciprocating motion of the power piston 8.
Compared with the traditional heat exchanger, the heat pipe type heater 4 adopted in the embodiment does not need heat carrier fluid to serve as a heat transfer medium, so that the heating process is simpler, heat loss in energy transmission is effectively reduced, the heating efficiency of the heater is improved, the problem of corrosion of the heat carrier fluid to the heat exchanger is solved, and the service life of the heat exchanger is prolonged.
According to the free piston Stirling engine, two Stirling mechanisms which are oppositely arranged are adopted, so that vibration of the engine can be effectively reduced, the whole structure of the engine is more compact, and meanwhile, heat transmission is realized by the two Stirling mechanisms through the heat pipe type heater 4, the working efficiency of the engine is effectively improved, and further the working performance of the engine is improved.
According to the free piston Stirling engine disclosed by the application, the heat source 10 is arranged between the first Stirling mechanism 11 and the second Stirling mechanism 12, so that the heat pipes 2 in each heat pipe type heater 4 can be arranged in a straight line without arranging the heat pipes 2 into a bending structure, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the heat pipes 2 and further reducing the manufacturing cost.
In a further embodiment of the present application, a first central through hole 103 is provided in the middle of the heater body 1, and the first central through hole 103 is disposed through along the first end face and the second end face of the heater body 1.
In the embodiment of the present application, the heat pipe insertion holes 101 are uniformly arranged in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of the first central through hole 103, so that the heater body 1 is uniformly heated by the heat pipes 2.
In the specific embodiment of the present application, each of the gas flow passages 102 is uniformly arranged in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of the first central through hole 103, so that the gas in each of the gas flow passages 102 is uniformly heated by the heater body 1.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, heat exchange fins (not shown) are respectively disposed in each of the gas flow channels 102, and the heat exchange effect of the gas in the gas flow channels 102 is enhanced by the heat exchange fins, so as to further improve the heating efficiency.
In a further embodiment of the present application, a regenerator 5 and a cooler 6 are further disposed in the housing 3, and the heat pipe heater 4, the regenerator 5 and the cooler 6 are sequentially connected.
The middle part of the regenerator 5 is provided with a second central through hole, the middle part of the cooler 6 is provided with a third central through hole, and the first central through hole 103, the second central through hole and the third central through hole are concentrically arranged.
Specifically, an ejector 9 is further provided in the housing 3, and the ejector 9 is sequentially inserted into the first center through hole 103, the second center through hole, and the third center through hole.
In an embodiment of the present application, the end of the housing 3 near the heat source 10 is a heating end 301, and the end of the housing 3 far from the heat source 10 is a cooling end 302.
Wherein the heat pipe heater 4 is located at the heating end 301 of the housing 3. The vaporization ends 201 of the heat pipes 2 in the first stirling mechanism 11 are connected to the left end of the heat source 10 through the heating ends 301 of the first stirling mechanism 11, respectively. The evaporation end 201 of each heat pipe 2 in the second stirling mechanism 12 is connected to the right end of the heat source 10 through the heating end 301 of the second stirling mechanism 12.
In the embodiment of the present application, a power piston 8 is further disposed in the housing 3, and the power piston 8 is located at the cooling end 302 of the housing 3.
In the embodiment of the present application, the heat source 10 may heat the evaporation end 201 of each heat pipe 2 by means of combustion heating, may heat the evaporation end 201 of each heat pipe 2 by means of solar heat collection heating, may heat the evaporation end 201 of each heat pipe 2 by means of industrial waste heat heating, and may directly heat the heat pipe by coating the surface of the evaporation end 201 of each heat pipe 2 with nuclear fuel.
In a further embodiment of the application, the first Stirling mechanism 11 is connected to the second Stirling mechanism 12 by a support bracket 13.
Specifically, the supporting frame 13 connects the housing 3 of the first stirling mechanism 11 and the housing 3 of the second stirling mechanism 12, respectively, so as to ensure the stability and the connection strength of the connection.
In summary, according to the free piston Stirling engine disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, two Stirling mechanisms which are oppositely arranged are adopted, so that the vibration of the engine can be reduced, the structure is more compact, and meanwhile, the heat pipe type heater is adopted by the two Stirling mechanisms to realize heat transmission, so that the working efficiency of the engine is effectively improved.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, "a number" means one or more; the meaning of "plurality" is two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not necessarily indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A free piston stirling engine, characterized by: the device comprises two Stirling mechanisms which are oppositely arranged, wherein a heat source is arranged between the two Stirling mechanisms;
Each Stirling mechanism comprises a shell, an expansion cavity, a compression cavity, a back cavity and a heat pipe type heater which are respectively arranged in the shell, wherein the heat pipe type heater is arranged in the expansion cavity;
A communicating pipeline is connected between the two Stirling mechanisms, and the communicating pipeline is respectively communicated with the two expansion cavities, or the communicating pipeline is respectively communicated with the two compression cavities, or the communicating pipeline is respectively communicated with the two back cavities;
The heat pipe type heater comprises a heater body and a plurality of heat pipes, wherein a plurality of heat pipe embedding holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the heat pipes are formed in a first end face of the heater body, a plurality of gas flow passages are arranged among the heat pipe embedding holes in a staggered manner, each gas flow passage is arranged in a penetrating manner along a first end face to a second end face of the heater body, and each gas flow passage is respectively communicated with the expansion cavity; the heat pipes comprise evaporation ends and condensation ends, the condensation ends of the heat pipes are correspondingly arranged in the heat pipe embedding holes, and the evaporation ends of the heat pipes respectively penetrate through the shell and are connected with the heat source;
a first central through hole is formed in the middle of the heater body, and the first central through hole is arranged in a penetrating manner along the first end face and the second end face of the heater body; a heat regenerator and a cooler are also arranged in the shell, and the heat pipe type heater, the heat regenerator and the cooler are sequentially connected; the middle part of the heat regenerator is provided with a second central through hole, and the middle part of the cooler is provided with a third central through hole; the shell is also internally provided with an ejector, and the ejector is sequentially arranged in the first center through hole, the second center through hole and the third center through hole in a penetrating way;
one end of the shell, which is close to the heat source, is a heating end, and one end of the shell, which is far away from the heat source, is a cooling end; the heat pipe type heater is positioned at the heating end of the shell.
2. The free piston stirling engine of claim 1, wherein: each heat pipe embedding hole is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first central through hole.
3. The free piston stirling engine of claim 1, wherein: each gas flow passage is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first central through hole.
4. The free piston stirling engine of claim 1, wherein: and heat exchange fins are respectively arranged in each gas flow passage.
5. The free piston stirling engine of claim 1, wherein: and a power piston is further arranged in the shell and is positioned at the cooling end of the shell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910470349.4A CN112012846B (en) | 2019-05-31 | Free piston Stirling engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910470349.4A CN112012846B (en) | 2019-05-31 | Free piston Stirling engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112012846A CN112012846A (en) | 2020-12-01 |
| CN112012846B true CN112012846B (en) | 2024-07-09 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN210178483U (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-03-24 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Free piston Stirling engine |
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN210178483U (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-03-24 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Free piston Stirling engine |
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