CN112012053A - Track - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a track, comprising a track unit and a track seat, a plurality of track units are arranged in sequence from left to right, and the ends of each adjacent two track units that are close to each other are connected by the same track seat, the track unit includes a front vertical plate, The rear vertical plate and a plurality of track teeth are connected to the left and right spaced between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate. For the step that protrudes backward, the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the rear side surface of the step and the bottom surface of the step are all set as hardened surfaces. The invention can improve the adaptability of the guide system of the drum type mining machine to the high hardness and high block ore material, avoid the rapid wear and crush of the guide system, and shorten the failure treatment time.

Description

track

technical field

The invention relates to a track on which a mining machine can walk and slide, and is especially suitable for the situation that the mineral material is in the form of a block, and the existing guide shoes are worn obviously, especially the bottom hook of the existing guide shoes is seriously worn. , belonging to the technical field of well mining machinery.

Background technique

When a drum mining machine is used to mine high-hardness ore, the reaction force (especially the impact) generated by cutting the hard ore has a great impact on the mining machine's walking meshing system, and the larger ore makes the mining machine walk and meshing system. The adaptability (faster wear and crush of the contact surface due to eccentric load means poor adaptability) faces severe challenges. For example, the walking meshing system of the existing structure shown in Figure 12, when encountering high hardness, large When the lumpy material cannot be effectively discharged, the traveling gear teeth are too late to break the rock blocks, the guiding slipper is caught by the rock blocks, etc., resulting in severe wear and crushing of the meshing system, which leads to a significant reduction in the life of the running meshing system, often requiring a lot of work. Replacement, seriously affecting the economics of mining.

In response to the above problems, the industry has proposed to increase the thickness and length of the wear-resistant layer of the contact surface of the mining machine guide shoe, and to take further surface hardening measures on the track contact surface. Although these measures have improved and improved the existing mining machine walking The service life of the meshing system, but the above problems have not been fundamentally solved, and it still affects the walking speed of the mining machine, which is still an important factor restricting productivity and economical mining.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a track, which can solve the problem of adaptability of the walking meshing system of a drum mining machine to high hardness and high-block ore materials, and avoid the rapid wear and crushing of the walking meshing system and the need for a large number of replacements under such conditions. The problem.

The main technical solutions of the present invention include:

A track, comprising a track unit and a track seat, a plurality of track units are arranged in sequence from left to right, each adjacent end of two track units that are close to each other is connected by the same track seat, the track unit includes a front vertical plate and a rear vertical plate and a plurality of track teeth distributed at the left and right intervals between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate. The top surface of the rear vertical plate, the rear side surface of the step and the bottom surface of the step are all set as hardened surfaces.

Connecting ears extending downward are respectively provided below the left and right ends of the rear vertical plate, and the track unit is mounted on the track seat through the connecting ears.

Between two adjacent orbital teeth is an orbital tooth socket, and both the front and rear sides of the orbital tooth socket preferably use vertically extending surfaces. Alternatively, the front and rear widths of the orbital tooth sockets can also be set to be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

The top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the tooth top surface of the track teeth is an inclined tooth top surface with a low front and a high back, and the lower bottom surface of the track teeth is inclined with a low front and a high back. The lower bottom surface, or the top surface of the front vertical plate is set as a hardened surface, the top surface of the front vertical plate is flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the height of the step is smaller than the height of the front vertical plate.

The middle of the front part of the rail seat is preferably set as an inclined surface with a low front and a high back.

The bottom of the rear vertical plate and the top of the connecting lug are preferably connected by a transition section extending backward and downward obliquely, and the top of the transition section extends forward to the leftmost and rightmost track teeth of the track unit respectively. The lower bottom surface of the connecting lug is located behind the front side of the rear vertical plate.

The transition section may be provided with a bottom plane located in front of the corresponding connecting lug, the bottom plane being in contact with the front top surface of the track seat.

The rail may further include a leakage guide surface, the leakage guide surface is fixedly arranged with a front low and a rear height relative to the track unit, and the leakage guide surface is located below the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate.

The leak guide surfaces between adjacent rail seats are formed by the top surface of the leak guide plate, and the leak guide surfaces at the rail seats are formed by the top surface of the leak guide plate and/or the surface on the rail seat.

The leakage guide surfaces located between two adjacent rail seats are continuous in the front and rear, and the leakage guide surfaces at the track seats are arranged separately in front of and behind the track seats.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In the present invention, the hardened surface of the bottom surface of the step is added to contact and cooperate with the wear-resistant layer of the rear bottom of the guide shoe. The force during meshing, especially when the meshing force (broken rock block) caused by the filling of high hardness and bulky minerals in the orbit tooth socket, not only increases the force contact area at the bottom, but also increases the contact area of the bottom. The balanced force avoids the eccentric load caused by the unilateral force, the high stress contact area caused by the eccentric load, and the problems of rapid wear and collapse.

Since the front and rear sides of the orbital tooth socket are both vertically or nearly vertically extending surfaces, that is, the front and rear widths of the tooth socket are of equal or substantially equal width up and down. It can facilitate the smooth falling of the mineral material in the orbital tooth socket, and will not cause the blockage and accumulation of the mineral material, which is helpful to solve the problem of the leakage and discharge of the large-sized mineral material.

The track unit is set as an inclined structure with a low front part and a high rear part, which can form a wider leakage space in the track tooth socket and under the track unit, and can guide the mineral material to move forward and downward, which is helpful for Avoid mineral buildup.

By arranging the transition section between the upper end of the connecting lug and the rear vertical plate, not only a larger leakage space can be left in front of the connecting lug, but also the connection lugs can be ensured that the front vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and the track teeth are not affected by the connecting lugs. of sufficient strength.

The middle of the front part of the rail seat is preferably set as an inclined surface with a low front and a high back, which can facilitate the discharging of the leaked material between two adjacent rail units and avoid accumulation.

When the leakage guide surface is provided, the present invention can form the first leakage channel and the second leakage channel in combination with the guide shoe, which ensures the mineral material around the track unit (whether it is soil-like or block-like high-hardness mineral material) , they can be pushed out by the guide shoe and pushed out from the top of the track unit, slide from the tooth top of the track unit into the conveying trough, or be broken down into the first leakage channel, or the small pieces of ore can directly pass through the second leakage channel. The mineral material squeezed into the conveying trough or under the bottom surface of the rear vertical plate step is squeezed into the second leakage channel by the guiding sliding shoe, which avoids the influence of mineral material accumulation on the walking meshing system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general installation schematic diagram of the traveling meshing system of the mining machine where an embodiment of the present invention is located;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the track unit described in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the D-D sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the K-K sectional view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is the front view of the track seat described in Fig. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the guide shoe in FIG. 1;

Fig. 7 is G-G sectional view of Fig. 1;

8 is a schematic diagram of a leakage channel of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the track unit;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of the mining machine traveling meshing system where the track shown in Figure 9 is located;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the outflow of massive mineral material from the leakage channel in the walking meshing system of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the existing structure of the traveling meshing system encountering that the accumulated material at the track cannot be effectively discharged, which affects the traveling wheel and causes the wear of the guide shoe.

Reference number:

1. Guide shoe; 11. Front wear layer; 12. Rear top wear layer; 13. Rear side wear layer; 14. Rear bottom wear layer; 15. Front bottom wear layer;

2. Track unit; 21. Front vertical plate; 211. Bottom surface of front vertical plate; 212. Side surface of front vertical plate; 213. Top surface of front vertical plate; 22. Rear vertical plate; 221. Top surface of rear vertical plate ; 222. The rear side of the step; 223. The bottom surface of the step; 224. The bottom surface of the rear vertical plate; 23. Track teeth; 230. Tooth top surface; 233. The rear side of the orbital tooth socket; 234. The lower bottom surface of the orbital tooth; 24. The connecting ear; 241. The connecting ear hole; 242. The supporting surface of the connecting ear;

3. Walking wheel; 321. Gear teeth of walking wheel; 3211. Tooth top surface of gear teeth;

5. Conveying trough; 51. Shovel plate; 52. Track seat; 521. Leakage port; 53. Leakage guide plate;

81. The first leakage channel; 82. The second leakage channel;

91. Mineral materials such as lumps that are pushed out; 92. Mineral materials accumulated at the track unit of the existing structure.

Detailed ways

The present invention discloses a track, as shown in Figures 1-11, comprising a track unit 2 and a track seat 52, a plurality of track units are arranged in sequence from left to right, and the ends of each adjacent two track units that are close to each other pass through the same track seat. connect. The track unit includes a front vertical plate 21, a rear vertical plate 22, and a plurality of track teeth 23 connected between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate and distributed at left and right intervals. The bottom surface 211 and the front side surface 212 of the front vertical plate are both set as hardened surfaces, which are used to contact and cooperate with the front bottom wear-resistant layer 15 and the front side wear-resistant layer 11 of the matching guide shoe 1 respectively. The upper part of the rear vertical plate is provided with a step that protrudes backwards, and the top surface 221 of the rear vertical plate (including the top surface of the step), the rear side surface 222 of the step and the bottom surface 223 of the step are all set as hardened surfaces, respectively. It is used to contact and cooperate with the rear top wear-resistant layer 12 , the rear side wear-resistant layer 13 and the rear bottom wear-resistant layer 14 of the matching guide shoe. Each of the above-mentioned wear-resistant layers forms a guide groove of the guide shoe. The above five hardened surfaces correspond to the five wear-resistant layers one by one, wherein the wear-resistant layer is thickened, and the combination of the hardened surfaces is beneficial to improve the wear life of the contact surface and improve the structural reliability of the walking meshing system.

The present invention should be used in conjunction with the guide shoe 1 having the wear-resistant layer in the above five orientations. The front bottom wear-resistant layer 15 on the guide shoe and the front-side wear-resistant layer 11 are connected end to end to form an L-shaped groove with the notch facing the rear and upper side, the rear top wear-resistant layer 12 and the rear-side wear-resistant layer 13 and the rear bottom wear-resistant layer. The abrasive layers 14 are connected end to end in turn to form bilateral grooves with forward grooves. The five hardened surfaces on the guide rail unit contact and cooperate with the above-mentioned five wear-resistant layers of the guide shoe guide groove in one-to-one correspondence, forming five pairs of guide matching surfaces, so that the guide shoe straddles the track unit through the guide groove and is connected with the guide shoe. The track unit forms a left and right sliding fit structure, thereby realizing the walking guidance of the mining machine. Compared with the existing track (see Figure 12, there is no hardened surface at the rear bottom position), the present invention increases the hardened surface of the bottom surface of the step, and forms a guide mating surface at the rear bottom with the rear bottom wear-resistant layer of the guide shoe, Together with the guide mating surface located at the front bottom, the force of the traveling wheel 3 can be effectively balanced, especially when the traveling wheel is engaged, the up and down directions of the front and rear sides of the traveling wheel can be balanced, so as to avoid eccentric wear of the guide shoe. At the same time, lateral guide mating surfaces can be provided on the front side and the rear side to provide lateral support. Even under severe working conditions, the overall good stress state of the running wheels can be ensured, thus improving the running engagement. The adaptability of the system ultimately greatly improves the reliability of the mining machine's traveling meshing system, which can significantly improve the life of the guide shoe and track.

The tooth surfaces 231 of the track teeth are surface-hardened, which is beneficial to ensure the meshing effect.

Connecting ears 24 extending downward are respectively provided below the left and right ends of the rear vertical plate. The rail unit is mounted on the rail seat 52 through the connection lugs and the pin shafts. When in use, the rail seat is fixed on the back groove of the conveying slot 5, and the rail unit can be connected to the rail seat by pins through the connecting ear holes 241 of the left and right connecting ears of the rear vertical plate. One of the two left and right pin holes on the track seat is a round hole, and the other is a long hole arranged horizontally with the long axis, so as to ensure that the track unit has a small amount of movement in the left and right directions relative to the track seat.

Between two adjacent orbital teeth is an orbital tooth socket, and the front side 232 and the rear side 233 of the orbital tooth socket (also the rear side of the front vertical plate and the front side of the rear vertical plate) are both vertically or nearly vertically extending The surface, that is, the front and rear widths of the tooth sockets are the same width up and down or basically the same width. Compared with the existing funnel-shaped tooth sockets, which are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, it can facilitate the smooth falling of the mineral material in the orbital tooth socket, and will not cause the mineral material to block or block. Accumulation is helpful to solve the problem of difficulty in discharging large chunks of ore. Alternatively, the front and rear widths of the orbital tooth sockets can also be set to be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which is also convenient for material leakage and discharge.

Since the force when the traveling wheel meshes with the track unit can always be kept in balance, the gap between the gear teeth 321 of the traveling wheel and the front and rear sides of the track tooth socket can be appropriately reduced, that is, when the structure size of the traveling wheel remains unchanged The distance between the front and rear of the track tooth socket can be reduced, which can still meet the needs of the traveling wheel relative to the track to move back and forth within the guide shoe frame opening and horizontal deflection, and can ensure that the traveling wheel has sufficient adaptability.

Further, the front side surface and the rear side surface of the orbital tooth socket may also be vertical planes.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the rear vertical plate, the bottom surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the bottom surface of the rear vertical plate, and the tooth top surface 230 of the track teeth is low in the front and high in the back. The sloping tooth top surface provides guidance for the falling of the bulk ore into the conveyor trough 5 from the front of the track unit. The lower bottom surface 234 of the track teeth is an inclined lower bottom surface with low front and rear high. The track unit as a whole is set into this inclined structure with low front and high back, which can form a wider leakage space in the track tooth socket and under the track unit, and can guide the mineral material to move forward and downward, which is helpful for Avoid mineral buildup.

The top surface of the front vertical plate can also be set as a hardened surface, as shown in FIG. 9 , for contacting and cooperating with the front top wear-resistant layer on the guide shoe. In this case, the top surface of the front vertical plate is preferably flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the height of the step is smaller than the height of the front vertical plate. The six hardened surfaces correspond to the six wear-resistant layers one-to-one, forming six pairs of guide mating surfaces, which can further improve the wear life of the contact surface, improve the structural reliability of the walking meshing system, and the structure of the track unit is simpler.

The middle of the front part of the rail seat is preferably set as a concave notch, and the top surface of the concave notch is set as an inclined surface with a low front and a high back. out of the material to avoid accumulation.

The bottom of the rear vertical plate and the top of the connecting lug are connected by a transition section extending backward and downward obliquely, and the top of the transition section extends forward to the leftmost and rightmost track teeth of the track unit respectively. On the lower bottom surface, the front side of the connecting ear is located behind the front side of the rear vertical plate, so that the main part of the track unit composed of the front vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and the track teeth presents a shape of overhanging forward relative to the connecting ear, In order to make more leakage discharge space under the main body of the track unit. The top of the transition section extends forward to connect with the lower bottom surface of the corresponding most edge track teeth on the track unit, which plays a structural strengthening role. The arrangement of the transition section can not only allow a larger leakage space in front of the connecting ear, but also ensure the sufficient strength of the connecting ear to support the front vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and the track teeth.

The transition section is provided with a bottom plane at an upper position in front of the corresponding connecting ear, which can be called a connecting ear supporting surface 242 , and the connecting ear supporting surface is in contact with the front top surface of the track seat in the installed state. The support surface 242 is mainly used to bear the bending moment of the overhanging track unit, and is in contact with the connecting ear of the track seat to provide up and down support.

The rail may further include a leakage guide surface, and the leakage guide surface is fixedly arranged with a front low and rear high inclination relative to the track unit. The leakage guide surfaces are located below the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate, avoiding the position of the connecting ears.

The leakage guide surface between adjacent rail seats can be formed by the smooth top surface of the leakage guide plate 53, and the leakage guide surface at the rail seat can be formed by the top surface of the leakage guide plate 53 and/or the top surface of the track seat. of a surface composition. When the leakage guide plate 53 is used, usually the leakage guide plate can be welded on the conveying trough.

The leakage guide surfaces located between two adjacent rail seats are preferably continuous front and rear surfaces, and the leakage guide surfaces at the rail seats are provided separately in front of and behind the rail seats.

When the present invention is used in the walking meshing system of the mining machine, the first leakage channel 81 can be formed from the orbital tooth socket and the space extending forward and downward from the lower opening of the orbital tooth socket along the interlayer between the front part of the guide shoe and the leakage guide surface. , the tooth apex of the traveling wheel crushes the block material accumulated in the orbital tooth socket, and squeezes the crushed mineral material into the first leakage channel. From the bottom of the step, between the rear part of the guide shoe, the rear vertical plate, the track teeth, the front vertical plate and the front part of the guide shoe (located above) and the leakage guide surface (located below) The space extending forward and downward of the interlayer can form a continuous downward second leakage channel 82 . The setting of the first and second leakage channels ensures that the mineral material around the track unit (whether it is soil-like or block-like high-hardness mineral material) can be guided by the sliding shoe and pushed out from the top of the track unit. The tooth top slides into the conveying trough, or is broken down into the first leakage channel, or small pieces of ore are directly squeezed into the conveying trough through the second leakage channel, or the ore under the bottom surface 223 of the rear vertical plate step The material is squeezed into the second leakage channel by the bottom hook at the rear of the sliding shoe, which avoids the influence of mineral material accumulation on the walking meshing system. The ore material flowing out of the first leakage channel and the second leakage channel finally enters the conveying tank 5 . The lower bottom surface 234 of the track teeth is an inclined surface with a low front and a high back, and the bottom surface 224 of the rear vertical plate forms the top of the second leakage channel. The elongated space between two adjacent track bases in the installed state is also the space between the left and right connecting lugs of each track unit, which is used for the first leakage channel and the second leakage corresponding to the middle of each track unit. channel discharge. Comparing FIGS. 11 and 12, it can be seen that when the walking meshing system of the present invention is used, the ore material 91 in the form of blocks or the like that is pushed and discharged can smoothly enter the conveying trough, while when the walking meshing system with the existing structure is used, the ore material 92 accumulates on the track. The unit cannot be effectively drained.

In the traveling meshing system of the mining machine, the traveling wheel is sleeved and installed on the traveling axle, and the front and rear ends of the traveling axle are supported on the traveling part casing. The gear teeth 321 of the traveling wheel mesh with the track teeth 23 , and the front and rear portions of the guide shoe are worn on the traveling wheel shaft and are located on the front and rear sides of the traveling wheel respectively. The tooth top surface 3211 of the teeth of the walking wheel is an inclined tooth top surface with a large diameter in the front and a small in the rear, which can provide guidance for the large pieces of mineral material to fall into the conveying trough.

The conveying trough also includes a shovel plate 51, the shovel plate is located in the front part of the conveying trough, the traveling axle is installed at the rear part of the mining machine body, and the rear part of the mining machine body is supported on the track through the guide shoe, mining The front part of the machine is supported on the shovel plate 51 through the supporting sliding shoe, so as to realize the guiding connection between the mining machine and the conveying trough.

In this paper, when the mining machine is working, the direction close to the ore wall to be mined is the front, and the direction away from the ore wall to be mined is the rear.

Claims (10)

1. A track is characterized in that: comprising a track unit and a track seat, a plurality of track units are arranged in turn left and right, each adjacent end of two track units that are close to each other is connected by the same track seat, and the track unit includes a front track unit. The vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and a plurality of track teeth connected to the left and right spaced between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate, the bottom surface and the front side surface of the front vertical plate are both set as hardened surfaces, and the rear vertical plate has a hardened surface. The upper part is provided with a rearwardly protruding step, and the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the rear side surface of the step and the bottom surface of the step are all set as hardened surfaces. 2 . The track according to claim 1 , wherein connecting ears extending downward are respectively provided below the left and right ends of the rear vertical plate, and the track unit is mounted to the track seat through the connecting ears. 3 . superior. 3. The track according to claim 2, characterized in that: a track tooth socket is formed between two adjacent track teeth, and the front and rear sides of the track tooth socket are both vertically extending surfaces, or the track The anteroposterior width of the tooth socket is narrow on the top and wide on the bottom. 4 . The track of claim 2 , wherein the top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the tooth top surface of the track teeth is an inclined tooth top surface with a low front and a high back. 5 . , the lower bottom surface of the track teeth is an inclined lower bottom surface with a low front and a high rear, or the top surface of the front vertical plate is set as a hardened surface, and the top surface of the front vertical plate is flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate , the height of the step is smaller than the height of the front vertical plate. 5 . The track of claim 2 , wherein the middle of the front part of the track seat is set as an inclined surface with a low front and a high back. 6 . 6. The track according to claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the bottom of the rear vertical plate and the top of the connecting lug are connected by a transition section extending backward and downward obliquely, and the The tops of the transition sections extend forward to the lower bottom surfaces of the leftmost and rightmost track teeth of the track unit, respectively, and the front sides of the connecting lugs are located behind the front sides of the rear vertical plate. 7 . The track of claim 6 , wherein the transition section is provided with a bottom plane located in front of the corresponding connecting ear, and the bottom plane is in contact with the front top surface of the track seat. 8 . 8. The track according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that it further comprises a leakage guide surface, and the leakage guide surface is low in front and high in the back relative to the track unit It is inclined and fixed, and the material leakage guide surface is located below the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate. 9 . The track according to claim 8 , wherein the leakage guide surfaces between adjacent track seats are formed by the top surface of the leakage guide plates, and the leakage guide surfaces at the track seats are guided by the leakage materials. 10 . The top surface of the plate and/or the surface on the track seat constitutes. 10. The track as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the leakage guide surface between two adjacent track seats is continuous front and rear, and the leakage guide surface at the track seat is in front of and behind the track seat. set separately.

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