CN112012053A - Track - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rail, which comprises rail units and rail seats, wherein the rail units are sequentially arranged from left to right, one end, close to each other, of each two adjacent rail units is connected through the same rail seat, each rail unit comprises a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate and a plurality of rail teeth which are connected between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate and distributed at intervals from left to right, the bottom surface and the front side surface of the front vertical plate are both set to be hardened surfaces, the upper part of the rear vertical plate is provided with a step protruding backwards, and the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the rear side surface of the step and the bottom surface of the step are all set to be hardened surfaces. The invention can improve the adaptability of the guide system of the drum-type mining machine to high-hardness and high-lumpiness mineral materials, avoid the rapid abrasion and crushing of the guide system and shorten the fault processing time.

Description

Track

Technical Field

The invention relates to a track on which a mining machine can walk and slide, which is particularly suitable for the condition that mineral aggregate is in a block shape, the abrasion of the existing guide sliding shoe is obvious, particularly the abrasion of a bottom hook of the existing guide sliding shoe is serious, and belongs to the technical field of underground mining machinery.

Background

When a drum-type mining machine is adopted for mining high-hardness mineral materials, reaction force (particularly impact) generated by cutting the hard mineral materials has great influence on a walking engagement system of the mining machine, and the ore with larger bulk degree enables adaptability (faster abrasion of a contact surface, worse adaptability of crushing and the like due to unbalance loading) of the walking engagement system of the mining machine to be seriously tested, for example, the walking engagement system with the existing structure shown in fig. 12 has the advantages that when the high-hardness and large-block-degree accumulated materials at a track cannot be effectively discharged, walking gear teeth cannot break rock blocks, guide sliding shoes are clamped by the rock blocks and the like, so that the meshing system is seriously abraded and pressed, the service life of the walking engagement system is obviously shortened, a large amount of replacement is often required, and the mining economy is seriously influenced.

In view of the above problems, it has been proposed in the art to increase the thickness and length of the wear layer of the contact surface of the guide shoe of the mining machine and to apply further surface hardening measures to the contact surface of the rail, which, although improving and increasing the service life of the walking engagement system of the existing mining machine to some extent, still do not solve the above problems fundamentally and still affect the walking speed of the mining machine, which is still an important factor limiting the productivity and economic exploitation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a track, which can solve the problem of adaptability of a running engagement system of a drum-type mining machine to high-hardness and high-lumpiness mineral materials and avoid the problems of rapid wear, crushing and large-scale replacement of the running engagement system under the condition.

The main technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a track, includes track unit and track seat, arranges in proper order about a plurality of track units, and every two adjacent track units one end that are close to each other are connected through same track seat, the track unit includes preceding riser, back riser and connects in the front between riser and the back riser about a plurality of track teeth of interval distribution, the bottom surface and the leading flank of preceding riser all set the hardfacing, the upper portion of back riser is equipped with convex step backward, the top surface of back riser, the trailing flank of step and the bottom surface of step all set the hardfacing.

And connecting lugs extending downwards are respectively arranged below the left end and the right end of the rear vertical plate, and the track unit is arranged on the track seat through the connecting lugs.

And a track tooth socket is arranged between two adjacent track teeth, and the front side surface and the rear side surface of the track tooth socket preferably adopt vertically extending surfaces. Alternatively, the front and rear width of the track socket can be set to be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

The top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than that of the rear vertical plate, the top surface of the track teeth is an inclined top surface with a lower front part and a higher rear part, the lower bottom surfaces of the track teeth are inclined lower bottom surfaces with a lower front part and a higher rear part, or the top surface of the front vertical plate is a hardened surface, the top surface of the front vertical plate is flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the height of the step is smaller than that of the front vertical plate.

The front middle of the rail seat is preferably provided as an inclined surface that is low in front and high in rear.

The bottom of the rear vertical plate is preferably connected with the top of the connecting lug through a transition section which extends obliquely, backwards and downwards, the top of the transition section extends forwards to the lower bottom surfaces of the rail teeth at the leftmost end and the rightmost end of the rail unit respectively, and the front side surface of the connecting lug is positioned behind the front side surface of the rear vertical plate.

The transition section can be provided with a bottom plane positioned in front of the corresponding connecting lug, and the bottom plane is contacted with the top surface of the front part of the rail seat.

The rail can also comprise a material leakage guide surface which is obliquely and fixedly arranged relative to the rail unit in a mode of being low in front and high in back, and the material leakage guide surface is positioned below the front vertical plate and the back vertical plate.

The material leakage guide surface between adjacent rail seats is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guide plate, and the material leakage guide surface at the rail seat is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guide plate and/or the surface on the rail seat.

The material leakage guide surface between two adjacent track seats is continuous front and back, and the material leakage guide surface at the track seat is arranged in front of and behind the track seat separately.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the hardened surface of the bottom surface of the step is added to be in contact with and matched with the rear bottom wear-resistant layer of the guide sliding shoe, and the formed rear bottom guide matching surface and the guide matching surface of the front bottom can effectively balance the stress when the travelling wheel is meshed with the track unit, particularly under the condition that the meshing force (broken rock) caused by high-hardness and large-lumpiness mineral aggregate filled in the track tooth socket is increased suddenly, the bottom stress contact area is increased, and the problems of unbalance load caused by single-side stress, high stress contact area caused by unbalance load, rapid abrasion and crushing and the like are avoided due to the balanced stress on two sides of the travelling wheel.

Because the leading flank and the trailing flank of track flank are vertical or be close vertical extension's surface, equal width or equal width basically about the width promptly around the flank, compare present upper wide narrow infundibulate flank, can make things convenient for the smooth whereabouts of mineral aggregate in the track flank, can not produce the mineral aggregate and hinder card, pile up, help solving the problem that bulky mineral aggregate leaks the material and arranges the material difficulty.

The whole track unit is set to be an inclined structure with a low front part and a high rear part, so that a wider material leaking space can be formed in the track tooth socket and below the track unit, mineral materials can be guided to move towards the front lower part, and the accumulation of the mineral materials is avoided.

Through set up between the upper end at the engaging lug and the back riser the changeover portion both can give out bigger hourglass material space in the place ahead of engaging lug, can guarantee again that the engaging lug is to preceding riser, back riser and the support of the sufficient intensity of track tooth.

The middle of the front part of the rail seat is preferably set to be an inclined surface with a low front part and a high rear part, so that the material leakage between two adjacent rail units can be conveniently discharged, and the accumulation is avoided.

When the material leakage guide surface is arranged, the first material leakage channel and the second material leakage channel can be formed by combining the guide sliding shoe, so that mineral materials (whether soil-shaped or blocky high-hardness mineral materials) at the periphery of the track unit can be pushed by the guide sliding shoe, pushed out from the top of the track unit and slid into the conveying groove from the tooth crest of the track unit, or crushed and downwards enter the first material leakage channel, or small mineral materials are directly extruded into the conveying groove through the second material leakage channel, or mineral materials under the bottom surface of the step of the rear vertical plate are extruded by the guide sliding shoe and enter the second material leakage channel, and the influence of mineral material accumulation on a walking meshing system is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general installation of a mining machine walking engagement system in which one embodiment of the present invention is located;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the track unit shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the rail housing of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the guide shoe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line G-G of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a weep channel of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the track unit;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the general installation of the mining machine travel engagement system with the tracks of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the flow of the lump ore material from the hopper passage in the walking engagement system of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of a walking engagement system with a conventional structure, which is incapable of effectively discharging accumulated materials at a track to affect a walking wheel and cause abrasion of a guide slipper.

Reference numerals:

1. a guide shoe; 11. a front side wear layer; 12. a rear top wear layer; 13. a rear side wear layer; 14. a rear bottom wear layer; 15. a front bottom wear layer;

2. a track unit; 21. a front vertical plate; 211. the bottom surface of the front vertical plate; 212. the side surface of the front vertical plate; 213. the top surface of the front vertical plate; 22. a rear vertical plate; 221. the top surface of the rear vertical plate; 222. the rear side of the step; 223. the bottom surface of the step; 224. the bottom surface of the rear vertical plate; 23. track teeth; 230. tooth crest; 231. the tooth flanks of the track teeth; 232. the front side of the track socket; 233. the back side of the track socket; 234. the lower bottom surface of the track tooth; 24. connecting lugs; 241. connecting the ear holes; 242. a lug support surface;

3. a traveling wheel; 321. gear teeth of the travelling wheel; 3211. the addendum surfaces of the gear teeth;

5. a conveying trough; 51. a shovel plate; 52. a rail seat; 521. a material leakage port; 53. a leakage guide plate;

81. a first leakage channel; 82. a second leakage channel;

91. the mineral aggregate such as the block is pushed and discharged; 92. the existing structure is piled up with mineral material at the track units.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a track, which comprises a track unit 2 and a track seat 52 as shown in figures 1-11, wherein a plurality of track units are arranged in sequence from left to right, and the ends, close to each other, of every two adjacent track units are connected through the same track seat. The rail unit comprises a front vertical plate 21, a rear vertical plate 22 and a plurality of rail teeth 23 which are connected between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate and are distributed at left and right intervals. The bottom surface 211 and the front side surface 212 of the front vertical plate are both provided with hardened surfaces which are respectively used for contacting and matching with the front bottom wear-resistant layer 15 and the front side wear-resistant layer 11 of the matched guide sliding shoe 1. The upper part of the rear vertical plate is provided with a step protruding backwards, and the top surface 221 (including the top surface of the step), the rear side surface 222 of the step and the bottom surface 223 of the step of the rear vertical plate are all set as hardened surfaces which are respectively used for contacting and matching with the rear top wear layer 12, the rear side wear layer 13 and the rear bottom wear layer 14 of the matched guide slipper. The wear-resistant layers form a guide groove for guiding the sliding shoe. The five hardened surfaces correspond to the five wear-resistant layers one by one, wherein the wear-resistant layers are thickened, and the hardened surfaces are matched to be beneficial to prolonging the wear life of the contact surfaces and improving the structural reliability of the walking meshing system.

The invention should be used with a guide shoe 1 having the five-orientation wear layer described above. The front bottom wear layer 15 and the front side wear layer 11 on the guide sliding shoe are sequentially connected end to form an L-shaped groove with a notch facing to the rear upper part, and the rear top wear layer 12, the rear side wear layer 13 and the rear bottom wear layer 14 are sequentially connected end to form a double-side groove with a forward notch. Five hardened surfaces on the guide rail unit are in one-to-one corresponding contact and matching with the five wear-resistant layers of the guide groove of the guide sliding shoe to form five pairs of guide matching surfaces, so that the guide sliding shoe stretches across the rail unit through the guide groove and forms a left-right sliding matching structure with the rail unit, and the walking guide of the mining machine is further realized. Compared with the prior track (see figure 12, no hardened surface exists at the rear bottom position), the invention effectively balances the stress of the walking wheel 3 by adding the hardened surface at the bottom of the step, forming the guide matching surface at the rear bottom with the rear bottom wear-resistant layer of the guide sliding shoe, and effectively balances the stress of the walking wheel with the guide matching surface at the front bottom, particularly ensures that the up-and-down directions of the front side and the rear side of the walking wheel can reach the stress balance when the walking wheel is meshed, and avoids the eccentric wear of the guide sliding shoe. Because can also set up the side direction cooperation surface in order to provide the side direction support at the front side simultaneously with the rear side, even under abominable operating mode, also can guarantee the good stress state of walking wheel on the whole, consequently improved walking engagement system's adaptability, finally improved mining machine walking engagement system's reliability greatly, can obviously improve the life-span of direction piston shoes and track.

The tooth surface 231 of the orbital tooth is subjected to surface hardening treatment, which is beneficial to ensuring the meshing effect.

And connecting lugs 24 extending downwards are respectively arranged below the left end and the right end of the rear vertical plate. The rail unit is mounted to the rail housing 52 by the engaging lug engaging pin. When the track unit is used, the track seat is fixed on the rear groove side of the conveying groove 5, and the track unit can be respectively connected with the track seat through pin shafts through the connecting lug holes 241 of the left connecting lug and the right connecting lug of the rear vertical plate. One of the left pin hole and the right pin hole on the rail seat is a round hole, and the other pin hole is a long hole with a long shaft horizontally arranged, so that the rail unit is ensured to have small play in the left-right direction relative to the rail seat.

Be the track tooth socket between two adjacent track teeth, the leading flank 232 and the trailing flank 233 of track tooth socket (also the trailing flank of preceding riser and the leading flank of back riser) are vertical or are close vertical extension's surface, equal width or the same width basically about the width around the tooth socket promptly, compare present upper and lower narrow infundibulate tooth socket, can make things convenient for the smooth whereabouts of mineral aggregate in the track tooth socket, can not produce the mineral aggregate and hinder the card, pile up, help solving the problem that the bulky mineral aggregate leaks the material and arranges the material difficulty. Or the front width and the rear width of the track tooth socket can be set to be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, so that material leakage and discharge are facilitated.

Because the stress when the walking wheel is meshed with the track unit can be kept balanced, the clearance between the wheel teeth 321 of the walking wheel and the front and rear side surfaces of the track tooth socket can be properly reduced, namely, under the condition that the structural size of the walking wheel is not changed, the front and rear distance of the track tooth socket can be reduced, the requirements of front and rear movement and horizontal deflection of the walking wheel relative to the track in the range of the frame opening of the guide sliding shoe can be still met, and the walking wheel can be ensured to have enough adaptability.

Further, the front side and the rear side of the rail socket may also be both vertical planes.

As shown in fig. 2, the top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the bottom surface of the rear vertical plate, the bottom surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the bottom surface of the rear vertical plate, and the top surface 230 of the track teeth is an inclined top surface with a lower front part and a higher rear part, so as to provide a guide for the falling of the large ore material and the entering of the large ore material into the conveying chute 5 from the front of the track unit. The lower bottom surface 234 of the rail tooth is an inclined lower bottom surface that is low in front and high in rear. The track unit is integrally set to be the inclined structure with the front lower part and the rear higher part, a wider material leaking space can be formed in the track tooth socket and below the track unit, and mineral aggregate can be guided to move towards the front lower part, so that the accumulation of the mineral aggregate is avoided.

The top surface of the leading riser may also be provided as a hardened surface, as shown in fig. 9, for contact and engagement with the leading top wear layer on the guide shoe. In this case, the top surface of the front vertical plate and the top surface of the rear vertical plate are preferably flush, and the height of the step is smaller than that of the front vertical plate. Six hardened surface and six wearing layer one-to-one correspond, form six to the direction cooperation surface, can further improve the wearing and tearing life-span of contact surface, improve walking engagement system's structural reliability, and the structure of track unit is simpler.

The middle of the front part of the rail seat is preferably provided with a concave notch, the top surface of the concave notch is provided with an inclined surface with a lower front part and a higher rear part, and the inclined surface can be called as a material leakage port 521, so that the material leakage between two adjacent rail units can be conveniently discharged, and the accumulation is avoided.

The bottom of the rear vertical plate is connected with the top of the connecting lug through a transition section which extends downwards in the backward direction in an inclined mode, the top of the transition section extends forwards to the lower bottom surfaces of the rail teeth at the leftmost end and the rightmost end of the rail unit respectively, the front side surface of the connecting lug is located behind the front side surface of the rear vertical plate, and the main body portion of the rail unit consisting of the front vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and the rail teeth is enabled to be in a forward-overhanging mode relative to the connecting lug so that a larger material leaking and discharging space is reserved below the main body of the rail unit. The top of the transition section extends forwards to the lower bottom surface of the corresponding most marginal track tooth on the track unit to be connected, so that the structural reinforcement effect is achieved. The setting of changeover portion both can give out bigger hourglass material space in the place ahead of engaging lug, can guarantee again that the engaging lug is to preceding riser, back riser and the support of the sufficient intensity of track tooth.

The transition section is provided with a bottom plane located at the upper position in front of the corresponding connecting lug, which can be called a connecting lug supporting surface 242, and the connecting lug supporting surface is contacted with the front top surface of the rail seat in the installation state. The support surface 242 mainly supports the downward bending moment of the overhanging rail unit and contacts with the rail seat connecting lug to provide upper and lower support.

The rail can also comprise a material leakage guide surface which is obliquely and fixedly arranged relative to the rail unit in a low-front-rear-high manner. The material leakage guide surface is positioned below the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate and avoids the position of the connecting lug.

The blow-by guide surface between adjacent rail seats may be constituted by a smooth top surface of the blow-by guide plate 53, and the blow-by guide surface at the rail seat may be constituted by a top surface of the blow-by guide plate 53 and/or a surface on the rail seat. When a spill guide 53 is used, it may be welded to the trough, as is conventional.

The material leakage guide surface between two adjacent rail seats is preferably a surface which is continuous in the front and rear direction, and the material leakage guide surface at the rail seat is separately provided in the front and rear direction of the rail seat.

When the mining machine walking meshing system is used for the mining machine walking meshing system, the track tooth socket and the space extending forwards and downwards along the interlayer between the front part of the guide sliding shoe and the material leaking guide surface from the lower opening of the track tooth socket can form a first material leaking channel 81, and the tooth tips of the gear teeth of the walking wheels are used for crushing lump materials accumulated in the track tooth socket and extruding the crushed ore materials into the first material leaking channel. A continuous downward second bleed passage 82 may be formed from the space below the step extending forward and downward along the sandwich between the rear portion of the guide shoe, the rear upright, the rail teeth, the front upright, and the front portion of the guide shoe (located above) and the bleed guide surface (located below). The first and second material leaking channels are arranged to ensure that the mineral aggregate (no matter the high-hardness mineral aggregate is in a soil shape or a block shape) around the track unit can be pushed out from the top of the track unit after being pushed by the guide sliding shoe, and slides into the conveying groove from the tooth crest of the track unit, or is crushed to enter the first material leaking channel downwards, or the small mineral aggregate is directly extruded into the conveying groove through the second material leaking channel, or the mineral aggregate under the bottom surface 223 of the rear vertical plate step is extruded by the bottom hook at the rear part of the sliding shoe to enter the second material leaking channel, so that the influence of mineral aggregate accumulation on the walking meshing system is avoided. The mineral aggregate flowing out of the first material leakage channel and the second material leakage channel finally enters the conveying groove 5. The lower bottom surface 234 of the rail tooth is a sloping surface with a lower front and a higher rear, which forms the top of the second leakage path with the bottom surface 224 of the rear vertical plate. The strip-shaped space between two adjacent rail seats in the installation state is also the space between the left connecting lug seat and the right connecting lug seat of each rail unit and is used for discharging the first material leaking channel and the second material leaking channel corresponding to the middle part of each rail unit. As can be seen from a comparison of fig. 11 and 12, the mineral aggregate 91 such as lump material, which is pushed and discharged, can smoothly enter the conveying chute when the traveling engagement system of the present invention is used, while the mineral aggregate 92 accumulated at the track unit cannot be effectively discharged when the traveling engagement system of the conventional structure is used.

In the mining machine walking meshing system, the walking wheel sleeves are arranged on the walking wheel shafts, and the front ends and the rear ends of the walking wheel shafts are supported on the walking part shell. The wheel teeth 321 of the travelling wheel are meshed with the track teeth 23, and the front part and the rear part of the guide sliding shoe are arranged on the travelling wheel shaft in a penetrating way and are respectively positioned at the front side and the rear side of the travelling wheel. The addendum 3211 of the gear teeth of the traveling wheel is an inclined addendum with a large diameter at the front and a small diameter at the rear, and can provide guidance for large ore materials to fall into the conveying chute.

The conveyor trough further comprises a shovel plate 51, which is located in the front part of the conveyor trough, the travelling wheel axle is mounted in the rear part of the machine body of the mining machine, the rear part of the machine body of the mining machine is supported on the rails by means of guide shoes, and the front part of the mining machine is supported on the shovel plate 51 by means of support shoes, so that a guide connection of the mining machine with the conveyor trough is achieved.

Herein, the direction of the mining machine close to the mine wall to be mined is front, and the direction of the mining machine far away from the mine wall to be mined is back.

Claims (10)

1. A track, characterized by: the rail unit comprises a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate and a plurality of rail teeth which are connected between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate and distributed at intervals, the bottom surface and the front side surface of the front vertical plate are both set to be hardened surfaces, a step protruding backwards is arranged on the upper portion of the rear vertical plate, and the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the rear side surface of the step and the bottom surface of the step are all set to be hardened surfaces.

2. The track of claim 1, wherein: and connecting lugs extending downwards are respectively arranged below the left end and the right end of the rear vertical plate, and the track unit is arranged on the track seat through the connecting lugs.

3. The track of claim 2, wherein: the track tooth socket is arranged between every two adjacent track teeth, the front side face and the rear side face of each track tooth socket are vertically extending surfaces, or the front width and the rear width of each track tooth socket are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

4. The track of claim 2, wherein: the top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than that of the rear vertical plate, the top surface of the track teeth is an inclined top surface with a lower front part and a higher rear part, the lower bottom surfaces of the track teeth are inclined lower bottom surfaces with a lower front part and a higher rear part, or the top surface of the front vertical plate is a hardened surface, the top surface of the front vertical plate is flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the height of the step is smaller than that of the front vertical plate.

5. The track of claim 2, wherein: the middle of the front part of the rail seat is provided with an inclined surface with a low front part and a high rear part.

6. The track of claim 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein: the bottom of the rear vertical plate is connected with the top of the connecting lug through a transition section which extends obliquely backwards and downwards, the top of the transition section extends forwards to the lower bottom surfaces of the rail teeth at the leftmost end and the rightmost end of the rail unit respectively, and the front side surface of the connecting lug is positioned behind the front side surface of the rear vertical plate.

7. The track of claim 6, wherein: and the transition section is provided with a bottom plane positioned in front of the corresponding connecting lug, and the bottom plane is contacted with the top surface of the front part of the rail seat.

8. The track of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein: the material leakage guide plate is obliquely and fixedly arranged relative to the rail unit in a low-front-low-rear-high mode and is located below the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate.

9. The track of claim 8, wherein: the material leakage guide surface between adjacent rail seats is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guide plate, and the material leakage guide surface at the rail seat is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guide plate and/or the surface on the rail seat.

10. The track of claim 9, wherein: the material leakage guide surface between two adjacent track seats is continuous front and back, and the material leakage guide surface at the track seat is arranged in front of and behind the track seat separately.

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