CN112011320A - Modified bentonite for seawater drilling, preparation method and drilling fluid - Google Patents
Modified bentonite for seawater drilling, preparation method and drilling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
- C09K8/145—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the composition of the clay
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/40—Clays
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
- C09K8/16—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the inorganic compounds other than clay
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
- C09K8/18—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the organic compounds
- C09K8/22—Synthetic organic compounds
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- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/10—Nanoparticle-containing well treatment fluids
Abstract
The invention provides modified bentonite for seawater drilling, a preparation method and a drilling fluid, wherein the modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole, quartz, nano iron oxide particles, nano silica particles and nano graphite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bentonite, and particularly relates to modified bentonite for seawater drilling, a preparation method and drilling fluid.
Background
The bentonite is a non-metal mineral product with montmorillonite as a main mineral component, and the montmorillonite structure is 2: the crystal structure of the type 1 has better ion exchange performance because certain cations, such as Cu, Mg, Na, K and the like, exist in a layered structure formed by montmorillonite unit cells, and the cations have unstable effects with the montmorillonite unit cells and are easy to exchange with other cations. The modified polyurethane has a specific layered structure, so that the modified polyurethane has a large specific surface area, so that the modified polyurethane has strong adsorbability, and simultaneously has excellent dispersibility, suspensibility and cohesiveness in an aqueous solution due to the existence of a hydrophilic group OH, and shows excellent thixotropy within a certain concentration range. Namely, when external stirring is carried out, the suspension is represented as sol solution with good fluidity, and the sol solution can be automatically arranged into gel with a three-dimensional net structure after the stirring is stopped, so that the sedimentation and the water separation are not generated. This property is particularly suitable for formulating drilling muds. The commonly used bentonite modification methods include sodium modification, acid modification, roasting modification, salt modification, organic modification, inorganic pillared modification, inorganic/organic composite modification and the like.
Patent CN103482638A discloses a method for manufacturing organobentonite, comprising the following steps: 1) pulping; 2) precipitating slurry; 3) removing sand by the cyclone sand remover; 4) further filtering solid impurities by using a horizontal centrifuge; 5) performing liquid-liquid separation by a disc centrifuge to obtain concentrated sodium-based montmorillonite slurry; 6) measuring the solid content; 7) adding soda ash; 8) heating, adding sulfuric acid to adjust the pH value, and keeping the temperature; 9) organic covering reaction: adding white oil and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride; 10) pressing to dry; 11) and (5) drying.
Patent CN107777696A discloses a preparation method of organic bentonite, grinding calcium bentonite to fineness of 100-325 meshes by a Raymond machine, adding water for pulping, adding sodium carbonate for uniform mixing, and aging to obtain sodium bentonite slurry; adding the sodium bentonite slurry and polyacrylamide into a reaction kettle, reacting, performing filter pressing, then transferring into a modifying machine, adding dibutyl phthalate and an emulsifier into the modifying machine, modifying, drying, adding into a mixing roll, and mixing with dimethyl octadecyl benzyl ammonium chloride to obtain the organic bentonite.
Although these modified bentonites have certain stability, the purpose of improving the viscosity of organic soil in a solvent is mostly achieved, most of the organic bentonites do not have emulsifying performance, an emulsifier is needed to improve the stability of the organic bentonites, the emulsifier can improve the viscosity of the drilling fluid, but the gelling effect is insufficient, the stability of the drilling fluid is still not ideal, and the bentonites for seawater drilling with higher stability are in urgent need of development.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the above, the modified bentonite for seawater drilling, the preparation method and the drilling fluid are provided for solving the problems, wherein the modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following components: bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole, quartz, nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite.
The bentonite for modified seawater drilling comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10% of bentonite, 1.5-2% of sepiolite, 0.5-1% of palygorskite, 0.3-0.5% of kaolinite, 0.2-0.4% of illite, 0.15-0.2% of chlorite, 0.1-0.2% of opal, 0.09-0.12% of calcite, 0.05-0.08% of siderite, 0.03-0.05% of talcum powder, 0.02-0.04% of gypsum, 0.02-0.03% of pyrite, 0.01-0.03% of amphibole, 0.015-0.03% of quartz, 0.2-0.5% of nano iron oxide particles, 0.1-0.3% of nano silicon dioxide particles and 0.03-0.05% of nano graphite.
The bentonite for modified seawater drilling comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8% of bentonite, 1.8% of sepiolite, 0.8% of palygorskite, 0.4% of kaolinite, 0.3% of illite, 0.18% of chlorite, 0.15% of opal, 0.1% of calcite, 0.06% of siderite, 0.04% of talcum powder, 0.03% of gypsum, 0.025% of pyrite, 0.02% of amphibole, 0.02% of quartz, 0.35% of nano iron oxide particles, 0.2% of nano silicon dioxide particles and 0.035% of nano graphite.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following steps: (1) purifying bentonite by precipitation method, removing impurities such as gravel, violently stirring bentonite in a proper amount of distilled water, keeping precipitation for 24h, drying a fraction corresponding to 3/4 with the highest proportion of the supernatant in the atmosphere for 3 days, powdering the dried residue and sieving to 200 mesh; (2) dispersing a mixture of purified bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole and quartz in deionized water according to a proportion; (3) sonicating the mixture for 20 minutes to break down the clay aggregate; then stirring for 1h by adopting a high-speed mixer, standing and aging for 1 day; adding hydrochloric acid or caustic soda, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7; (4) adding nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite into the solution according to a formula, stirring for a certain time at a high speed under a high shearing force to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a microwave radiation device, and modifying under the set microwave radiation power and radiation time; the microwave radiation device comprises a power supply, a magnetic field generator for forming electrons and an electron tube for generating microwaves, the electron tube comprising a gyrotron and an accelerating device, wherein the accelerating device has a cathode and an anode, an accelerating voltage is generated by a multilevel converter connected between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter has a plurality of energy storage devices which can be cascaded and can be connected in series between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter can be a circuit which can generate a unipolar output voltage with a variable voltage level from a direct current voltage by using the energy storage devices as an input voltage, and the time sequence of the accelerating voltage is provided by a series of voltage pulses for ensuring the stability of the microwaves, and a first voltage pulse with a working amplitude is firstly applied between the anode and the cathode; determining whether an electrical breakdown occurs during the applied first voltage pulse; and applying a second voltage pulse having a deionization amplitude smaller than an operation amplitude at which an electric flashover occurs during the applied first voltage pulse, after the first voltage pulse, and further, the microwave irradiation apparatus further comprises a waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the bentonite treatment region, a detector for detecting a microwave frequency and a tuner for performing adjustment being sequentially provided at an upper end of the waveguide; (5) and after modification, drying the modified bentonite in a drying box, and grinding and screening the modified bentonite to obtain the nano bentonite complex. Wherein the wavelength of the microwave is 1-1000mm, the corresponding frequency range is 5 × 300MHz, and the radiation time is 15 minutes; the high-speed stirring time under the high shearing force is 30 min; the drying temperature is 120 ℃, the drying time is 6 hours, and the materials are sieved to 150 meshes of particle size.
The drilling fluid prepared from the bentonite is used for offshore drilling and comprises a tackifier and a gel protector; on the basis of modified bentonite, long molecular chain polymer is added as a tackifier, and low relative molecular mass polymer is added as a gel protector; the preparation method of the drilling fluid comprises the steps of removing a part of calcium ions and magnesium ions in seawater by using caustic soda, soda ash, sodium phosphate and the like, and then adding a mixture of bentonite, a tackifier and a gel protector.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the conventional bentonite, the bentonite obtained by adding the components and performing microwave radiation has the advantages of quick slurry start, low sand content, good slurry making rate, strong sand carrying capacity, low filtration loss and high stability, wherein the added sepiolite and palygorskite usually contain 10-20% of montmorillonite, and the layer charge and charge localization of the montmorillonite influence the particle number and the particle-particle connection strength by influencing the layering degree and thickness of quasi-crystals of the montmorillonite, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability of the bentonite; the nano iron oxide is embedded in the pore structures randomly distributed on the surface of the clay particles, and the connection is formed among the bentonite particles, so that the gelation of the bentonite particles is promoted, and the stability of the yield strength of the bentonite is improved by adding the nano silicon dioxide and the nano graphite.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosed subject matter, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate the implementations of the disclosed subject matter and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the principles of implementations of the disclosed subject matter. No attempt is made to show structural details of the disclosed subject matter in more detail than is necessary for a fundamental understanding of the disclosed subject matter and various modes of practicing the same.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of modified bentonite;
Detailed Description
The advantages, features and methods of accomplishing the same will become apparent from the drawings and the detailed description that follows.
Example 1: preparation of modified bentonite for seawater drilling
The modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following components: bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole, quartz, nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite.
The bentonite for modified seawater drilling comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5% of bentonite, 1.5% of sepiolite, 0.5% of palygorskite, 0.3% of kaolinite, 0.2% of illite, 0.15% of chlorite, 0.1% of opal, 0.09% of calcite, 0.05% of siderite, 0.03% of talcum powder, 0.02% of gypsum, 0.02% of pyrite, 0.01% of amphibole, 0.015% of quartz, 0.2% of nano iron oxide particles, 0.1% of nano silicon dioxide particles and 0.03% of nano graphite.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following steps: (1) purifying bentonite by precipitation method, removing impurities such as gravel, violently stirring bentonite in a proper amount of distilled water, keeping precipitation for 24h, drying a fraction corresponding to 3/4 with the highest proportion of the supernatant in the atmosphere for 3 days, powdering the dried residue and sieving to 200 mesh; (2) dispersing a mixture of purified bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole and quartz in deionized water according to a proportion; (3) sonicating the mixture for 20 minutes to break down the clay aggregate; then stirring for 1h by adopting a high-speed mixer, standing and aging for 1 day; adding hydrochloric acid or caustic soda, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7; (4) adding nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite into the solution according to a formula, stirring for a certain time at a high speed under a high shearing force to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a microwave radiation device, and modifying under the set microwave radiation power and radiation time; the microwave radiation device comprises a power supply, a magnetic field generator for forming electrons and an electron tube for generating microwaves, the electron tube comprising a gyrotron and an accelerating device, wherein the accelerating device has a cathode and an anode, an accelerating voltage is generated by a multilevel converter connected between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter has a plurality of energy storage devices which can be cascaded and can be connected in series between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter can be a circuit which can generate a unipolar output voltage with a variable voltage level from a direct current voltage by using the energy storage devices as an input voltage, and the time sequence of the accelerating voltage is provided by a series of voltage pulses for ensuring the stability of the microwaves, and a first voltage pulse with a working amplitude is firstly applied between the anode and the cathode; determining whether an electrical breakdown occurs during the applied first voltage pulse; and applying a second voltage pulse having a deionization amplitude smaller than an operation amplitude at which an electric flashover occurs during the applied first voltage pulse, after the first voltage pulse, and further, the microwave irradiation apparatus further comprises a waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the bentonite treatment region, a detector for detecting a microwave frequency and a tuner for performing adjustment being sequentially provided at an upper end of the waveguide; (5) and after modification, drying the modified bentonite in a drying box, and grinding and screening the modified bentonite to obtain the nano bentonite complex. Wherein the wavelength of the microwave is 1-1000mm, the corresponding frequency range is 5 × 300MHz, and the radiation time is 15 minutes; the high-speed stirring time under the high shearing force is 30 min; the drying temperature is 120 ℃, the drying time is 6 hours, and the materials are sieved to 150 meshes of particle size.
Example 2: preparation of modified bentonite for seawater drilling
The modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following components: bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole, quartz, nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite.
The bentonite for modified seawater drilling comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8% of bentonite, 1.8% of sepiolite, 0.8% of palygorskite, 0.4% of kaolinite, 0.3% of illite, 0.18% of chlorite, 0.15% of opal, 0.1% of calcite, 0.06% of siderite, 0.04% of talcum powder, 0.03% of gypsum, 0.025% of pyrite, 0.02% of amphibole, 0.02% of quartz, 0.35% of nano iron oxide particles, 0.2% of nano silicon dioxide particles and 0.035% of nano graphite.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following steps: (1) purifying bentonite by precipitation method, removing impurities such as gravel, violently stirring bentonite in a proper amount of distilled water, keeping precipitation for 24h, drying a fraction corresponding to 3/4 with the highest proportion of the supernatant in the atmosphere for 3 days, powdering the dried residue and sieving to 200 mesh; (2) dispersing a mixture of purified bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole and quartz in deionized water according to a proportion; (3) sonicating the mixture for 20 minutes to break down the clay aggregate; then stirring for 1h by adopting a high-speed mixer, standing and aging for 1 day; adding hydrochloric acid or caustic soda, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7; (4) adding nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite into the solution according to a formula, stirring for a certain time at a high speed under a high shearing force to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a microwave radiation device, and modifying under the set microwave radiation power and radiation time; the microwave radiation device comprises a power supply, a magnetic field generator for forming electrons and an electron tube for generating microwaves, the electron tube comprising a gyrotron and an accelerating device, wherein the accelerating device has a cathode and an anode, an accelerating voltage is generated by a multilevel converter connected between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter has a plurality of energy storage devices which can be cascaded and can be connected in series between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter can be a circuit which can generate a unipolar output voltage with a variable voltage level from a direct current voltage by using the energy storage devices as an input voltage, and the time sequence of the accelerating voltage is provided by a series of voltage pulses for ensuring the stability of the microwaves, and a first voltage pulse with a working amplitude is firstly applied between the anode and the cathode; determining whether an electrical breakdown occurs during the applied first voltage pulse; and applying a second voltage pulse having a deionization amplitude smaller than an operation amplitude at which an electric flashover occurs during the applied first voltage pulse, after the first voltage pulse, and further, the microwave irradiation apparatus further comprises a waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the bentonite treatment region, a detector for detecting a microwave frequency and a tuner for performing adjustment being sequentially provided at an upper end of the waveguide; (5) and after modification, drying the modified bentonite in a drying box, and grinding and screening the modified bentonite to obtain the nano bentonite complex. Wherein the wavelength of the microwave is 1-1000mm, the corresponding frequency range is 5 × 300MHz, and the radiation time is 15 minutes; the high-speed stirring time under the high shearing force is 30 min; the drying temperature is 120 ℃, the drying time is 6 hours, and the materials are sieved to 150 meshes of particle size.
Example 3: preparation of modified bentonite for seawater drilling
The modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following components: bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole, quartz, nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite.
The bentonite for modified seawater drilling comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10% of bentonite, 2% of sepiolite, 1% of palygorskite, 0.5% of kaolinite, 0.4% of illite, 0.2% of chlorite, 0.2% of opal, 0.12% of calcite, 0.08% of siderite, 0.05% of talcum powder, 0.04% of gypsum, 0.03% of pyrite, 0.03% of amphibole, 0.03% of quartz, 0.5% of nano iron oxide particles, 0.3% of nano silicon dioxide particles and 0.05% of nano graphite.
The preparation method of the modified bentonite for seawater drilling comprises the following steps: (1) purifying bentonite by precipitation method, removing impurities such as gravel, violently stirring bentonite in a proper amount of distilled water, keeping precipitation for 24h, drying a fraction corresponding to 3/4 with the highest proportion of the supernatant in the atmosphere for 3 days, powdering the dried residue and sieving to 200 mesh; (2) dispersing a mixture of purified bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole and quartz in deionized water according to a proportion; (3) sonicating the mixture for 20 minutes to break down the clay aggregate; then stirring for 1h by adopting a high-speed mixer, standing and aging for 1 day; adding hydrochloric acid or caustic soda, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7; (4) adding nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite into the solution according to a formula, stirring for a certain time at a high speed under a high shearing force to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a microwave radiation device, and modifying under the set microwave radiation power and radiation time; the microwave radiation device comprises a power supply, a magnetic field generator for forming electrons and an electron tube for generating microwaves, the electron tube comprising a gyrotron and an accelerating device, wherein the accelerating device has a cathode and an anode, an accelerating voltage is generated by a multilevel converter connected between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter has a plurality of energy storage devices which can be cascaded and can be connected in series between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter can be a circuit which can generate a unipolar output voltage with a variable voltage level from a direct current voltage by using the energy storage devices as an input voltage, and the time sequence of the accelerating voltage is provided by a series of voltage pulses for ensuring the stability of the microwaves, and a first voltage pulse with a working amplitude is firstly applied between the anode and the cathode; determining whether an electrical breakdown occurs during the applied first voltage pulse; and applying a second voltage pulse having a deionization amplitude smaller than an operation amplitude at which an electric flashover occurs during the applied first voltage pulse, after the first voltage pulse, and further, the microwave irradiation apparatus further comprises a waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the bentonite treatment region, a detector for detecting a microwave frequency and a tuner for performing adjustment being sequentially provided at an upper end of the waveguide; (5) and after modification, drying the modified bentonite in a drying box, and grinding and screening the modified bentonite to obtain the nano bentonite complex. Wherein the wavelength of the microwave is 1-1000mm, the corresponding frequency range is 5 × 300MHz, and the radiation time is 15 minutes; the high-speed stirring time under the high shearing force is 30 min; the drying temperature is 120 ℃, the drying time is 6 hours, and the materials are sieved to 150 meshes of particle size.
The bentonite is used for preparing the drilling fluid, the drilling fluid can be used for offshore drilling, and the drilling fluid also comprises a tackifier and a gel protector. In order to improve the quality of the drilling fluid, long molecular chain polymer is added as a tackifier on the basis of modified bentonite, and low relative molecular mass polymer is added as a gel protector. The specific preparation process of the drilling fluid can firstly remove a part of calcium and magnesium ions in seawater by using caustic soda, soda ash, sodium phosphate and the like, and then add the mixture of bentonite, tackifier and gel protector.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is national standard soil.
The bentonite prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and comparative example was subjected to the performance test in the following manner, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 table of performance test results
As can be seen from the above table, compared with conventional bentonite, the bentonite obtained by adding the above components and performing microwave radiation in the present application has the advantages of fast slurry start, low sand content, good slurry making rate, strong sand carrying capacity, low filtration loss and high stability, wherein the added sepiolite and palygorskite usually contain 10% -20% of montmorillonite, and the layer charge and charge localization of the montmorillonite affect the particle number and the strength of particle-particle connection by affecting the layering degree and thickness of quasi-crystal of the montmorillonite, thereby being beneficial to improving the stability of the bentonite; the nano iron oxide is embedded in the pore structures randomly distributed on the surface of the clay particles, and the connection is formed among the bentonite particles, so that the gelation of the bentonite particles is promoted, and the stability of the yield strength of the bentonite is improved by adding the nano silicon dioxide and the nano graphite.
In order to further improve the stability of the drilling fluid, a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin aqueous solution can be added into the drilling fluid, wherein the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl alcohol resin comprises the following steps:
using azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, heating and refluxing were performed under a nitrogen stream to initiate a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, and polymerization of 20 parts of methanol, 100 parts of vinyl acetate, and 0.5 part of diallyldimethylammonium chloride was performed in a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer, and when the polymerization rate reached 70%, m-dinitrobenzene, which is a polymerization inhibitor, was added to complete the polymerization. Subsequently, unreacted monomers were removed by blowing methanol vapor to obtain a methanol solution of the copolymer. Then, the mixture was charged into a kneader and diluted with methanol to a concentration of 30%, and 3.8% sodium hydroxide was added to the copolymer while maintaining the solution temperature at 33 ℃. Filtering to obtain solid, washing with methanol, and drying in hot air drier to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol resin.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The modified bentonite for seawater drilling is characterized by comprising the following components: bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole, quartz, nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite.
2. The modified bentonite for seawater drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight parts of each component are as follows: 5-10% of bentonite, 1.5-2% of sepiolite, 0.5-1% of palygorskite, 0.3-0.5% of kaolinite, 0.2-0.4% of illite, 0.15-0.2% of chlorite, 0.1-0.2% of opal, 0.09-0.12% of calcite, 0.05-0.08% of siderite, 0.03-0.05% of talcum powder, 0.02-0.04% of gypsum, 0.02-0.03% of pyrite, 0.01-0.03% of amphibole, 0.015-0.03% of quartz, 0.2-0.5% of nano iron oxide particles, 0.1-0.3% of nano silicon dioxide particles and 0.03-0.05% of nano graphite.
3. The modified bentonite for seawater drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight parts of each component are as follows: 8% of bentonite, 1.8% of sepiolite, 0.8% of palygorskite, 0.4% of kaolinite, 0.3% of illite, 0.18% of chlorite, 0.15% of opal, 0.1% of calcite, 0.06% of siderite, 0.04% of talcum powder, 0.03% of gypsum, 0.025% of pyrite, 0.02% of amphibole, 0.02% of quartz, 0.35% of nano iron oxide particles, 0.2% of nano silicon dioxide particles and 0.035% of nano graphite.
4. A method for preparing the modified bentonite for seawater drilling as claimed in claims 1-3, which comprises the following steps:
(1) purifying bentonite by precipitation method, removing impurities such as gravel, violently stirring bentonite in a proper amount of distilled water, keeping precipitation for 24h, drying a fraction corresponding to 3/4 with the highest proportion of the supernatant in the atmosphere for 3 days, powdering the dried residue and sieving to 200 mesh;
(2) dispersing a mixture of purified bentonite, sepiolite, palygorskite, kaolinite, illite, chlorite, opal, calcite, siderite, talcum powder, gypsum, pyrite, amphibole and quartz in deionized water according to a proportion;
(3) sonicating the mixture for 20 minutes to break down the clay aggregate; then stirring for 1h by adopting a high-speed mixer, standing and aging for 1 day; adding hydrochloric acid or caustic soda, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7;
(4) adding nano iron oxide particles, nano silicon dioxide particles and nano graphite into the solution according to a formula, stirring for a certain time at a high speed under a high shearing force to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a microwave radiation device, and modifying under the set microwave radiation power and radiation time; the microwave radiation device comprises a power supply, a magnetic field generator for forming electrons and an electron tube for generating microwaves, the electron tube comprising a gyrotron and an accelerating device, wherein the accelerating device has a cathode and an anode, an accelerating voltage is generated by a multilevel converter connected between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter has a plurality of energy storage devices which can be cascaded and can be connected in series between the anode and the cathode, the multilevel converter can be a circuit which can generate a unipolar output voltage with a variable voltage level from a direct current voltage by using the energy storage devices as an input voltage, and the time sequence of the accelerating voltage is provided by a series of voltage pulses for ensuring the stability of the microwaves, and a first voltage pulse with a working amplitude is firstly applied between the anode and the cathode; determining whether an electrical breakdown occurs during the applied first voltage pulse; and applying a second voltage pulse having a deionization amplitude smaller than an operation amplitude at which an electric flashover occurs during the applied first voltage pulse, after the first voltage pulse, and further, the microwave irradiation apparatus further comprises a waveguide for transmitting microwaves to the bentonite treatment region, a detector for detecting a microwave frequency and a tuner for performing adjustment being sequentially provided at an upper end of the waveguide;
(5) and after modification, drying the modified bentonite in a drying box, and grinding and screening the modified bentonite to obtain the nano bentonite complex.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the microwaves have a wavelength of 1-1000mm, and the corresponding frequency ranges from 5X 300MHz, and wherein the irradiation time is 15 minutes.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the high-speed stirring under high shear is carried out for 30 min.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the drying temperature is 120 ℃ and the drying time is 6 hours, and the powder is sieved to 150 mesh.
8. A drilling fluid prepared using the bentonite of claims 1-3, wherein the drilling fluid is used for offshore drilling and comprises a viscosifier and a size protector.
9. The drilling fluid of claim 8, wherein the modified bentonite is added with long molecular chain polymer as tackifier and low relative molecular mass polymer as gel protector.
10. The drilling fluid of claim 9, wherein the drilling fluid is prepared by removing a part of calcium and magnesium ions in seawater by using caustic soda, soda ash, sodium phosphate and the like, and then adding a mixture of bentonite, a tackifier and a gel protector.
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| CN113025299A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-25 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Water-based guanidine gum fracturing fluid synergist and preparation method and application thereof |
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