CN112008048A - Method for measuring slag discharge of continuous casting ladle - Google Patents
Method for measuring slag discharge of continuous casting ladle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112008048A CN112008048A CN201910452529.XA CN201910452529A CN112008048A CN 112008048 A CN112008048 A CN 112008048A CN 201910452529 A CN201910452529 A CN 201910452529A CN 112008048 A CN112008048 A CN 112008048A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the slag discharge amount of a continuous casting ladle, which comprises the following steps of 1: classifying the type M of molten steel, calculating the flow F of the type M molten steel and calibrating the steel type flow coefficient K of the type M molten steel under the condition that the water gap is fully opened after the weight of the molten steel is lower than Ws1(ii) a Step 2: correction coefficient K for calibrating opening flow of water gap2(ii) a And step 3: reading the molten steel type number C through a process signal interface and obtaining the corresponding steel type flow coefficient K according to the calibration in the step 11Reading the water gap opening O through the water gap opening detector and calculating the corresponding water gap opening flow coefficient K according to the calibration in the step 22And calculating the water gap flow f and the total slag amount G through the instantaneous steel slag content p read by the steel slag detector. The invention can calculate the slag amount of the steel ladle on line through the comprehensively collected continuous casting production line process and the dynamic on-line pouring related equipment parameters, can more accurately evaluate the total slag amount flowing into the tundish, provides a foundation for the accurate control of continuous casting production, and provides the foundation for the accurate control of the continuous casting productionAnd provides reference for production operators.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring the slag amount in continuous casting production, in particular to a method for measuring the slag amount of a continuous casting ladle.
Background
In continuous casting production, molten steel firstly flows into a tundish from a ladle, then the molten steel is distributed to each crystallizer from the tundish, and then the molten steel is solidified and crystallized by the crystallizer and is cast into a casting blank by drawing. In the process that the molten steel flows into the tundish from the ladle, the liquid level of the molten steel in the ladle gradually descends along with the pouring, and when the pouring is finished, the steel slag in the ladle flows into the tundish through the long nozzle together with the molten steel to form slag. Excessive steel slag can not only reduce the cleanliness of molten steel, influence the quality of casting blanks, but also cause leakage accidents; but also can accelerate the corrosion of the refractory materials of the tundish, shorten the service life of the refractory materials, increase the weight of the slag shell of the tundish and influence the continuous casting production.
At present, some prior art ladle steel slagging detection methods and devices have been applied in continuous casting production, such as:
1. chinese patent ZL201010510263.9 discloses an automatic control system and a control method for continuous casting ladle slag tapping, which judge whether slag is tapped or not by detecting a ladle stream impact vibration characteristic signal so as to control continuous casting production.
2. Chinese patent ZL 201010249403.1 discloses a method and a system for detecting the slag of a continuous casting ladle, which respectively collects a vibration acceleration signal and a displacement deflection signal transmitted from a continuous casting long nozzle to a ladle operating arm through an acceleration sensor and a displacement sensor arranged on the operating arm connected with the long nozzle, thereby generating a slag discharge signal for control.
3. The Chinese patent ZL 201110418584.0 discloses an electromagnetic type slag discharge detection control system, which detects the condition of steel slag in steel flow by generating an induction signal through an electromagnetic coil embedded in a water port and judges whether slag is discharged or not.
The method and the device adopted by the patent judge whether the steel ladle is subjected to slag discharge or not quantitatively or judge the instantaneous slag quantity condition, the total slag discharge amount cannot be measured, and the influence of the slag discharge of the steel ladle on the tundish is difficult to evaluate by operating technicians.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the slag discharge of a continuous casting ladle, which can accurately calculate the total slag discharge flowing into a tundish and is beneficial to evaluating the influence of the slag discharge of the ladle on the tundish.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a method for measuring the slag discharge of a continuous casting ladle is realized based on a device for measuring the slag discharge of the continuous casting ladle, and the measuring device comprises a ladle weight detector connected with a measuring pressure head arranged on a ladle rotary table, a steel slag detector arranged above a sliding nozzle, a nozzle opening detector arranged on the sliding nozzle, a process signal interface and a data processing and calculating module; the output ends of the ladle weight detector, the steel slag detector, the water gap opening detector and the process signal interface are respectively connected with the input end of the data processing and calculating module, the input end of the process signal interface is externally connected with input equipment, and the output end of the data processing and calculating module is externally connected with display equipment;
the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step 1: classifying the type M of molten steel, calculating the flow F of the type M of molten steel under the condition that the weight of the molten steel is lower than Ws and the sliding water gap is fully opened, and calibrating the steel type flow coefficient K of the type M of molten steel1；
Step 2: correction coefficient K for calibrating opening flow of water gap2；
And step 3: reading the molten steel type number C through a process signal interface and obtaining the corresponding steel type flow coefficient K according to the calibration in the step 11Reading the water gap opening O through the water gap opening detector and calculating the corresponding water gap opening flow coefficient K according to the calibration in the step 22And calculating the water gap flow f and the total slag amount G by a data processing and calculating module according to the instant steel slag content p read by the steel slag detector.
The type number of the M-type molten steel is C1,C2,…,C(M-1),CMTaking a typical ladle from each type of molten steel, and calibrating the corresponding molten steel flow F to be F under the condition that the sliding water gap is fully openedC1,FC2,…,FC(M-1),FCM。
The flow coefficient K of the steel grade corresponding to the M-class molten steel1Is marked as K1C1,K1C2,…,K1C(M-1),K1CM；
Flow coefficient K of steel grade1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein: f is the molten steel flow rate rhoSThe molten steel density is shown, P is the molten steel pressure in the ladle, and the calculation formula of the molten steel pressure P is as follows:
wherein: l1 and L2 are the diameters of the upper bottom and the lower bottom of the ladle with the inverted round platform structure respectively.
The step 2 also comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2.1: the opening range of the water gap of the sliding water gap is O0100, taking N calibration points O within the range of the opening of the water gap of the sliding water gap1,O2,…,O(N-1),ONWherein N is not less than 3;
step 2.2: at the opening O of the water gap1,O2,…,O(N-1),ONRespectively taking typical steel ladles, and measuring to obtain flow F of the steel ladles corresponding to the opening degree of the water gapsOIs FO1,FO2,…,FO(N-1),FON；
Step 2.3: water gap opening flow correction coefficient K for calibrating corresponding N water gap opening calibration points2Is K2O1,K2O2,…,K2O(N-1),K2ONCalculating the correction coefficient K of the opening flow of the water gap2Meter for measuringThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein j belongs to [1,2, …, N-1, N ], and N is the number of the nozzle opening calibration points.
The step 3 also comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: reading the opening O of the water gap through a water gap opening detector, and calculating a water gap opening flow correction coefficient K2The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein N is the number of the water gap opening calibration points;
step 3.2: calculating the flow f of the water gap;
I) when molten steel is in a free-fall state at the nozzle, the nozzle flow rate f is calculated as follows:
wherein: k is the flow coefficient of the nozzle, K ═ K1K2O is the nozzle opening, ρSIs the molten steel density, d is the diameter of the sliding nozzle, g is the gravity acceleration, and h is the molten steel level height in the ladle;
II) when steel slag is mixed in the molten steel, the calculation formula of the nozzle flow f when steel slag is mixed is as follows:
wherein O is the nozzle opening read by the nozzle opening detector, K1Is the flow coefficient of steel grade, K2Is the flow coefficient of the nozzle opening, rhoSIs the molten steel density, d is the diameter of the nozzle, h is the height of the molten steel level in the ladle, EiIs as followsThe self-correcting coefficient after the calculation in the previous ith step is that the initial value of E is 0 and g is the gravity acceleration;
step 3.3: the calculation formula of the total slag amount G from the beginning of slag discharge to the current moment is as follows:
wherein T is the total time from the beginning of slag discharge to the current moment, p is the content of the steel slag, f is the flow of the water gap, and rhogIs the density of the steel slag and t is the time.
The calculation method of the self-correction coefficient E specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: after the tundish reaches the set weight, the weight of the ladle is reduced to WSBefore, the time period when the opening of the water gap is not changed is delta t;
s2: after the pouring process is carried out at delta t, the actual flow f of the molten steel is calculatedE；
Actual flow f of molten steelEThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, W1Is the initial weight of the ladle, W2Is the end weight of the ladle, pSIs the molten steel density;
s3: calculating a self-correction coefficient E and the current water gap flow fCThe self-correction coefficient E after the i +1 th learningi+1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Ei+1＝Ei+α(fE-fC)
wherein: α is a filter coefficient, and α is not more than 0.1.
The method can calculate the slag amount of the steel ladle on line through the comprehensively collected continuous casting production line process and the dynamic state of pouring related equipment parameters, can accurately evaluate the total slag amount flowing into the tundish, provides a basis for the accurate control of continuous casting production, and provides a reference for production operators.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device for the slag discharge of a continuous casting ladle;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for measuring the amount of slag discharged from a continuous casting ladle according to the present invention.
In the figure, a steel ladle 1, a sliding water gap 2, a tundish 3, a measuring pressure head 4, a steel ladle weight detector 5, a steel slag detector 6, a water gap opening detector 7, a process signal interface 8 and a data processing and calculating module 9 are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the method for measuring the slag amount of the continuous casting ladle is realized based on a device for measuring the slag amount of the continuous casting ladle, and the device comprises a ladle weight detector 5, a steel slag detector 6, a water gap opening detector 7, a process signal interface 8 and a data processing and calculating module 9; the steel ladle weight detector 5 is a sensor for measuring weight, realizes real-time measurement of the weight of the steel ladle 1 which is currently poured by connecting with a measuring pressure head 4 arranged on a steel ladle rotary table, simultaneously outputs the weight value of the steel ladle 1 to a data processing and calculating module 9, and the steel ladle 1 adopts an inverted round platform structure with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part; the steel slag detector 6 is a sensor for measuring steel slag, is arranged above the sliding gate 2, and is used for measuring the content of the steel slag contained in the steel flow flowing through the sliding gate 2 in real time, and outputting the measurement result to the data processing and calculating module 9, because the invention needs accurate steel slag content data, the electromagnetic induction type detector of the prior mature technology is usually adopted; the water gap opening detector 7 is a device for measuring the opening of the current sliding water gap 2, and the detection result is also transmitted to the data processing and calculating module 9 in real time; the process signal interface 8 is a signal conversion device, and has 2 functions, one is to convert the currently poured steel signal information into codes, the other is to receive the net weight signal of the currently poured steel ladle 1, the input end of the process signal interface 8 is externally connected with input equipment, and the information is output to the data processing and calculating module 9; the data processing and calculating module 9 is a device with data acquisition, model analysis and calculation and result output functions, can adopt processing units such as an industrial personal computer, a PLC, a DSP and the like in the prior mature technology, receives relevant signals and data transmitted by the ladle weight detector 5, the steel slag detector 6, the water gap opening detector 7 and the process signal interface 8, calculates the total amount of discharged slag after comprehensive processing, and outputs the total amount of discharged slag to a display.
Referring to the attached fig. 2, a method for measuring the slag discharge amount of a continuous casting ladle comprises the following steps:
step 1: classifying the type M of molten steel, since slagging usually occurs after the weight of molten steel is less than Ws, calculating the flow F of the type M molten steel after the weight of molten steel is less than Ws and under the condition that the sliding gate 2 is fully opened, and calibrating the steel type flow coefficient K of the type M molten steel1. Wherein, the weight Ws of the molten steel is an empirical value, and 20-30 tons can be taken under the condition of accurate measurement of the weight of the ladle.
When different steel grades are poured by a continuous casting machine, the actual flow rate can be influenced due to different molten steel viscosity. If the produced varieties are less, the flow coefficient of each steel grade can be calibrated. If more steel grades are produced, the steel grades with similar viscosity can be combined and divided into a plurality of classes for calibration. Therefore, the molten steel is classified into M types according to the viscosity condition, and the value of M can be generally classified according to the actual steel type of the product. For example, molten steel incoming materials on a continuous casting line are classified into several major groups of electrical steel, high-strength steel and plain carbon steel, and then M may be 3. For M-type molten steel, the molten steel type number is C1,C2,…,C(M-1),CMTaking a typical ladle 1 in each type of molten steel, and measuring the flow F corresponding to the M types of molten steel to be F under the condition that the sliding water gap 2 is fully openedC1,FC2,…,FC(M-1),FCM。
The flow coefficient K of the steel grade1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein: f is the molten steel flow rate, P is the molten steel pressure in the ladle 1, rhoSIs the molten steel density.
In generalThe flow coefficient of (4) is usually defined by the number of cubic meters passed through a liquid at 0.1MPa for 1 hour. The molten steel pressure in the ladle 1 is difficult to directly measure, and the molten steel pressure is changed along with the continuous drop of the molten steel liquid level in the pouring process. The calibration method adopted by the invention is to measure the molten steel flow rate flowing through the water gap in a short time period under the pressure of the molten steel with a certain weight. The weight here may be chosen to be the starting weight W at which the ladle 1 starts to start tapping normally1And selecting the time period as a time interval when the liquid level of the molten steel falls to be smaller, and converting the time interval into a standard flow coefficient.
Because the shape of the ladle 1 is an inverted round platform structure, the pressure formula of molten steel in the ladle 1 is as follows:
wherein: l1 and L2 are the diameters of the upper bottom and the lower bottom of the ladle 1 respectively.
Calibrating steel grade flow coefficient K corresponding to M-class molten steel1Is K1C1,K1C2,…,K1C(M-1),K1CM。
Step 2: correction coefficient K for calibrating opening flow of water gap2。
Ideally, the opening of the water gap and the flow coefficient should have a linear relationship, but the ladle slide plate has extremely high working temperature and large bearing pressure, and the actual relationship is often nonlinear. Different water gap opening degrees need to be calibrated. In the conventional working condition of continuous casting production, the opening of a water gap is not small generally, so the opening in the common working condition range needs to be calibrated in an important way. Therefore, the range of the nozzle opening of the sliding nozzle 2 is O0100, taking N calibration points O within the range of the opening of the sliding water gap 21,O2,…,O(N-1),ONIn which O is1May be taken as the lower limit of the opening degree O0，ONThe opening degree upper limit 100 may be taken. The value of N can be increased or decreased according to the size of the opening range of the water gap, the opening range of the water gap is large, the value of N can be increased or decreased, and N is not less than 3.
At the opening O of the water gap1,O2,…,O(N-1),ONRespectively taking a typical steel ladle 1, and measuring to obtain the flow F of the steel ladle 1 corresponding to the opening degree of a water gapOIs FO1,FO2,…,FO(N-1),FON。
Due to the flow coefficient K of the steel grade1Dimension is taken, so the correction coefficient K of the opening and the flow of the water gap2Should have no dimension, therefore K2Is a ratio.
Water gap opening flow correction coefficient K for calibrating corresponding N water gap opening calibration points2Is K2O1,K2O2,…,K2O(N-1),K2ONThe correction coefficient K of the opening flow of the water gap2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein j belongs to [1,2, …, N-1, N ], and N is the number of the nozzle opening calibration points.
And step 3: reading the molten steel type number C through a process signal interface 8 and obtaining the corresponding steel type flow coefficient K according to the calibration in the step 11Wherein, in the step (A),
reading the water gap opening O through the water gap opening detector 7 and calculating the corresponding water gap opening flow coefficient K according to the calibration in the step 22Wherein O is [0, 100 ]]And the data processing and calculating module 9 calculates the water gap flow f and the total slag amount G according to the instant steel slag content p read by the steel slag detector 6.
The water gap opening detector 7 reads the water gap opening O and the corresponding water gap opening flow correction coefficient K2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein N is the number of the water gap opening calibration points.
Assuming that the molten steel at the nozzle is in a free-falling state when flowing out, the calculation formula of the nozzle flow f is as follows:
wherein: k is the flow coefficient of the nozzle, O is the nozzle opening, ρSIs the molten steel density, d is the diameter of the sliding gate 2, g is the gravity acceleration, and h is the molten steel level height in the ladle 1.
Preferably, the molten steel level h is not generally measured directly, but calculated based on the weight of the molten steel and the geometry of the ladle 1.
The flow coefficient K of the nozzle represents the ability of the nozzle to pass the steel flow and is a key parameter for calculating the flow. The value of the flow coefficient is mainly related to the nozzle opening and the molten steel viscosity, and the flow coefficient K can be expressed as:
K＝K1K2
wherein: k1Is the flow coefficient of steel grade, K2Is a correction coefficient of the opening flow of the water gap. And when off-line calibration is carried out, different opening degrees and molten steel viscosity are required to be taken for quantitative detection.
When steel slag is mixed in molten steel, because the density of the steel slag is far less than that of the molten steel, the calculation formula of the flow f of the water gap when the steel slag is mixed is as follows:
wherein O is the nozzle opening read by the nozzle opening detector 7, K1Is the flow coefficient of steel grade, K2Is the flow coefficient of the nozzle opening, rhoSAs the molten steel density, the molten steel density ρSIs a fixed value determined by different steel types, d is the diameter of a water gap, h is the height of the liquid level of the molten steel in the ladle 1, and EiAnd E is the initial value of 0 and g is the gravity acceleration for the self-correction coefficient calculated in the current ith step.
The calculation formula of the total slag amount G from the beginning of slag discharge to the current moment is as follows:
wherein T is the total time from the beginning of slag discharge to the current moment, p is the content of the steel slag, f is the flow of the water gap, and rhogIs the density of the steel slag and t is the time.
Because the pouring is unstable in the continuous casting pouring stage, the opening of the water gap tends to be stable until the tundish 3 reaches the set tonnage; therefore, after the tundish 3 reaches the set weight, the set weight value of the tundish is generally set as a process, and the weight of the ladle 1 is reduced to W by the upper computerSBefore, the time period during which the nozzle opening is unchanged is Δ t.
And the slag is easy to be discharged at the final stage of pouring, and the steel slag density is different from that of molten steel, so that the weight gradient is changed. In actual use, the flow calculated by using offline calibration data and an actual value are deviated due to factors such as abrasion of a water gap caused by molten steel scouring, change of shape parameters caused by ladle corrosion, performance change of the weight measuring pressure head 4 and the like, the deviation generally increases along with the use time and is finally even accumulated to an unacceptable degree of a user, namely the weight of the ladle 1 after the time delta t is obviously greater than the reduction of the metering precision of a weighing system, self-learning can be carried out, and the deviation is corrected through online self-learning.
For the working condition meeting the conditions, self-correction is carried out through the self-correction coefficient E in the state that the pouring is relatively stable in the non-slagging stage, and the precision can be ensured to the maximum extent. The correction method specifically comprises the following steps: after the pouring process is carried out at delta t, the actual flow f of the molten steel is calculatedE。
Actual flow f of molten steelEThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, W1Is the initial weight of ladle 1, W2End weight of ladle 1, pSIs the molten steel density.
Current nozzle flow fCThe self-correction coefficient E after the first (i + 1) th learningi+1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Ei+1＝Ei+α(fE-fC)
wherein: alpha is a filter coefficient, the value can be adjusted according to the frequency of self-learning, if the use condition allows, the self-learning is more frequent, and can be smaller, otherwise, the self-learning can be larger, but alpha is not larger than 0.1.
Example (b):
the slag of the ladle 1 used in this example is usually in the molten steel weight WSNot more than 20t, so calibration was carried out with a ladle 1 weighing 20 tons. At time tWWhen the molten steel level is stable within 60s, t can be passedWThe flow coefficient is calibrated by the volume of molten steel flowing through the nozzle.
Step 1: calibrating steel grade flow coefficient K1。
The steel type M of this example can be classified into 3 types, and the molten steel type number is C1,C2,C3Then, a typical ladle is taken in each type of molten steel, and the flow F is measured under the condition that a water gap is fully openedC1＝0.0111m3/s,FC2＝0.0123m3/s,FC3＝0.0128m3And s. According to the size of the ladle 1, the flow coefficient K can be obtained by calibration1C1＝0.0058m3,K1C2＝0.0065m3,K1C3＝0.0067m3。
Step 2: correction coefficient K for calibrating opening flow of water gap2。
Taking N (N is 3) calibration points in the normal casting process, and taking steel grade C1Opening value is O1＝60,O2＝80,O3At this opening, the flow rate F is measured as 100O1＝0.0051m3/s,FO2＝0.0085m3/s,FO3＝0.0111m3And s. Final K2Is a ratio of
Can be calculated to obtain: k2O1＝0.46,K2O2＝0.76,K2O3＝1.00。
And step 3: the data processing and calculating module 9 calculates the flow f of the water gap and the total slag amount G.
Reading the type of the steel grade as C1Finding out the corresponding steel grade flow coefficient K obtained by the calibration in the step 11＝0.058m3。
Opening of water-reading opening O is 70, O1<O<O2The flow coefficient K of the opening degree of the water gap2The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
reading steel slag content p 0.5 from steel slag detector 6, Ei＝0，d＝0.2m，h＝0.34m，ρS＝8.1t/m3The flow f of the water gap can be calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
ρg＝2.5t/m3integrating the slag amount from the beginning of slag discharge to the current moment to obtain the total slag amount:
in the process of casting the ladle, the casting is stable within 10s, the opening of a water gap is not changed, and the initial weight W of the ladle 1 is recorded at the moment1100t and end weight W2＝99t，ρS＝8.1t/m3The actual flow f of molten steel can be obtainedE：
At the same time, from frontThe step can calculate the current water gap flow fC＝f＝0.0031m3/s，α＝0.1，Ei0, then the self-correction coefficient E after the current i +1 th learningi+1Comprises the following steps:
Ei+1＝Ei+α(fE-fC)＝-0.00006
the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for measuring the slag discharge amount of a continuous casting ladle is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is realized based on a measuring device for the slag amount of the continuous casting ladle, and the measuring device comprises a ladle weight detector (5) connected with a measuring pressure head (4) arranged on a ladle turret, a steel slag detector (6) arranged above a sliding water gap (2), a water gap opening detector (7) arranged on the sliding water gap (2), a process signal interface (8) and a data processing and calculating module (9); the output ends of the ladle weight detector (5), the steel slag detector (6), the water gap opening detector (7) and the process signal interface (8) are respectively connected with the input end of the data processing and calculating module (9), the input end of the process signal interface (8) is externally connected with input equipment, and the output end of the data processing and calculating module (9) is externally connected with display equipment;
the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step 1: classifying the type M of molten steel, calculating the flow F of the type M of molten steel under the condition that the sliding water gap (2) is fully opened after the weight of the molten steel is lower than Ws, and calibrating the steel type flow coefficient K of the type M of molten steel1；
Step 2: correction coefficient K for calibrating opening flow of water gap2；
And step 3: reading the molten steel type number C through a process signal interface (8) and obtaining a steel type flow coefficient K corresponding to the molten steel type number C according to the calibration in the step 11Reading the water gap opening O through a water gap opening detector (7) and calculating the corresponding water gap opening flow coefficient K according to the calibration in the step 22By passingThe instantaneous steel slag content p read by the steel slag detector (6) and the data processing and calculating module (9) calculate the water gap flow f and the total slag amount G.
2. The method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the continuous casting ladle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the type number of the M-type molten steel is C1,C2,…,C(M-1),CMTaking a typical ladle (1) from each type of molten steel, and calibrating the corresponding molten steel flow F to be F under the condition that the sliding water gap (2) is fully openedC1,FC2,…,FC(M-1),FCM。
3. The method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the continuous casting ladle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the flow coefficient K of the steel grade corresponding to the M-class molten steel1Is marked as K1C1,K1C2,…,K1C(M-1),K1CM；
Flow coefficient K of steel grade1The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein: f is the molten steel flow rate rhoSThe density of molten steel is shown, P is the molten steel pressure in the ladle (1), and the calculation formula of the molten steel pressure P is as follows:
wherein: l1 and L2 are the diameters of the upper bottom and the lower bottom of the ladle (1) with the inverted round platform structure respectively.
4. The method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the continuous casting ladle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step 2 also comprises the following sub-steps:
step 2.1: the opening range of the water gap of the sliding water gap (2) is O0-100, taking N calibration points O within the range of the nozzle opening of the sliding nozzle (2)1,O2,…,O(N-1),ONWherein N is not less than 3;
step 2.2: at the opening O of the water gap1,O2,…,O(N-1),ONRespectively taking a typical ladle (1), and measuring to obtain the flow F of the ladle (1) corresponding to the opening degree of a water gapOIs FO1,FO2,…,FO(N-1),FON；
Step 2.3: water gap opening flow correction coefficient K for calibrating corresponding N water gap opening calibration points2Is K2O1,K2O2,…,K2O(N-1),K2ONCalculating the correction coefficient K of the opening flow of the water gap2The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein j belongs to [1,2, …, N-1, N ], and N is the number of the nozzle opening calibration points.
5. The method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the continuous casting ladle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the step 3 also comprises the following sub-steps:
step 3.1: the water gap opening degree O is read by a water gap opening degree detector (7), and a water gap opening degree flow correction coefficient K is calculated2The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein N is the number of the water gap opening calibration points;
step 3.2: calculating the flow f of the water gap;
I) when molten steel is in a free-fall state at the nozzle, the nozzle flow rate f is calculated as follows:
wherein: k is the flow coefficient of the nozzle, K ═ K1K2O is the nozzle opening, ρSIs the molten steel density, d is the diameter of the sliding nozzle (2), g is the gravity acceleration, and h is the molten steel liquid level height in the ladle (1);
II) when steel slag is mixed in the molten steel, the calculation formula of the nozzle flow f when steel slag is mixed is as follows:
wherein O is the nozzle opening read by the nozzle opening detector (7), K1Is the flow coefficient of steel grade, K2Is the flow coefficient of the nozzle opening, rhoSIs the molten steel density, d is the diameter of a water gap, h is the height of the molten steel level in a ladle (1), EiFor the self-correction coefficient calculated in the current ith step, the initial value of the self-correction coefficient E is 0, and g is the gravity acceleration;
step 3.3: the calculation formula of the total slag amount G from the beginning of slag discharge to the current moment is as follows:
wherein T is the total time from the beginning of slag discharge to the current moment, p is the content of the steel slag, f is the flow of the water gap, and rhogIs the density of the steel slag and t is the time.
6. The method for measuring the slag discharge amount of the continuous casting ladle as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the calculation method of the self-correction coefficient E specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: after the tundish (3) reaches the set weight, the weight of the ladle (1) is reduced to WSBefore, the time period when the opening of the water gap is not changed is delta t;
s2: after the pouring process is carried out at delta t, the actual flow f of the molten steel is calculatedE；
Actual flow f of molten steelEThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, W1Is the initial weight of the ladle (1), W2Is the final weight of the ladle (1) (. rho)SIs the molten steel density;
s3: calculating a self-correction coefficient E and the current water gap flow fCThe self-correction coefficient E after the i +1 th learningi+1The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Ei+1＝Ei+α(fE-fC)
wherein: α is a filter coefficient, and α is not more than 0.1.
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| CN115138832B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2024-01-09 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for prolonging number of pure steel pouring furnaces based on molten steel weight information |
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