CN112007373B

CN112007373B - Distillation column safety device is used in arene production with early warning function

Info

Publication number: CN112007373B
Application number: CN202011135246.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 齐世森; 姚爱海; 石允起; 马海峰; 李西春; 李广凯
Original assignee: Dongying Weilian Chemical Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongying Weilian Chemical Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-22
Filing date: 2020-10-22
Publication date: 2021-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-22
Also published as: CN112007373A

Abstract

The invention relates to a distillation tower safety device with an early warning function for aromatic hydrocarbon production, which belongs to the field of aromatic hydrocarbon chemical production equipment and comprises a first barrel with an open top, wherein a first annular groove is formed in the top surface of the barrel wall of the first barrel, a second annular groove is formed in the inner wall of an inner cavity of the first annular groove, a spiral heat exchange tube is wound in the second annular groove, the lower end of the spiral heat exchange tube penetrates through the side wall of the first barrel and is connected with an external cooling liquid container pipeline, the upper end of the spiral heat exchange tube is communicated with the top surface of the first barrel, two end connectors of an electromagnetic valve are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the first barrel and the first annular groove, and a. Compared with the device which directly discharges the solution in the tower, the device avoids the leakage of toxic substances and reduces the economic loss, the function of quickly discharging the solution on the tower plate of the invention also solves the problem of restricting the liquid discharge efficiency of the plate-type distillation tower, and the device is particularly suitable for being popularized as a novel distillation tower of various aromatic hydrocarbon production chemical enterprises.

Description

Distillation column safety device is used in arene production with early warning function

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of aromatic hydrocarbon chemical production equipment, and particularly relates to a distillation tower safety device with an early warning function for aromatic hydrocarbon production.

Background

The plate distillation tower is an important chemical equipment for aromatic hydrocarbon production, if the internal steam pressure exceeds the safe pressure during the operation of the distillation tower, emergency pressure reduction is required, and for high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the pressure reduction mode mainly comprises two modes of temperature reduction and pressure reduction; in addition, the tray inside the tray distillation column needs to maintain a certain liquid level on each layer of tray in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of gas and liquid, so a weir is arranged at one side edge of an opening of the tray, the structure can block part of solution on each layer of tray, when a dangerous situation occurs or other solutions are replaced, the solution inside the distillation column needs to be emptied as soon as possible to stop heat exchange, and the existence of the weir enables a user to wait for the liquid on the tray to slowly drop from a floating valve, if steam rising upwards is generated at the bottom of the column, the process is further slowed down, and great difficulty is brought to the removal of the dangerous situation or the replacement of the solution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a safety device with an early warning function for a distillation tower for aromatic hydrocarbon production, which is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a distillation tower safety device with an early warning function for aromatic hydrocarbon production comprises a first barrel body with an opening at the top, wherein a first annular groove is formed in the top surface of the barrel wall of the first barrel body, a second annular groove is formed in the inner side wall of an inner cavity of the first annular groove, a spiral heat exchange pipe is wound in the second annular groove, the lower end of the spiral heat exchange pipe penetrates through the side wall of the first barrel body and is connected with an external cooling liquid container through a pipeline, the upper end of the spiral heat exchange pipe is communicated with the top surface of the first barrel body, a second barrel body with a downward opening is arranged above the first barrel body, a third annular groove is formed in the bottom surface of the barrel wall of the second barrel body, the barrel wall of the first barrel body is divided into a first outer barrel wall and a first inner barrel wall by the first annular groove, the barrel wall of the second barrel body is divided into a second outer barrel wall and a second inner barrel wall by the third annular groove, the first inner barrel wall is upwards inserted, a plurality of column plates are respectively and transversely and fixedly arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the second cylinder, a plurality of float valves are respectively and fixedly arranged on the column plates, the column plates on the two sides are respectively staggered and stacked, through grooves are respectively and longitudinally arranged on two sides of each column plate, the front and rear ends of each through groove are respectively communicated with the edges of the front and rear sides of the corresponding column plate, two vertical rods are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the first cylinder, the front sides of the vertical rods on the front side are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the front side of the second cylinder, the rear sides of the vertical rods on the rear side are respectively contacted with the inner wall of the rear side of the second cylinder, the two vertical rods on the same side are respectively and longitudinally aligned, the two vertical rods on the same side respectively upwards penetrate through grooves on the same side, a plurality of stop blocks and baffle plates are respectively arranged in, second barrel inner chamber lower part is equipped with heating device, first barrel bottom surface fixedly connected with fluid-discharge tube, fixed mounting has the valve on the fluid-discharge tube, second barrel top surface fixedly connected with annotates the liquid pipe, second barrel top surface fixed mounting has condensing equipment, condensing equipment's intake pipe passes second barrel top surface downwards and communicates with each other rather than the inner chamber, condensing equipment's drain pipe then with outside condensate collection device tube coupling, first barrel inner chamber lateral wall bottom is equipped with the several solenoid valve, the both ends joint of solenoid valve communicates first barrel inner chamber and first annular respectively, second barrel top surface fixed mounting has the balancing weight.

As above distillation column safety device is used in arene production with early warning function, heating device be electric heating pipe, be equipped with several electric heating pipe in the second barrel, electric heating pipe outward appearance all is snakelike, electric heating pipe's front and back both ends respectively with second barrel inner chamber lateral wall fixed connection.

As above distillation column safety device is used in aromatic production with early warning function, the solenoid valve is automatic pressure release solenoid valve, still is equipped with PLC controller and alarm in addition, and PLC controller and alarm are all installed on first barrel outer wall, PLC controller and solenoid valve, alarm and electric heating pipe circuit connection.

As above distillation column safety device is used in arene production with early warning function, notes liquid pipe and condensing equipment's drain pipe all adopts the hose material.

According to the distillation tower safety device with the early warning function for aromatic hydrocarbon production, the top surface of the second cylinder, the second outer cylinder wall and the bottom surface of the first cylinder are both of a hollow structure and are filled with heat insulation materials.

According to the distillation tower safety device with the early warning function for aromatic hydrocarbon production, the overflow pipe is fixedly installed on the upper portion of the outer side wall of the first barrel, one end of the overflow pipe penetrates through the first outer barrel wall and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first annular groove, and the other end of the overflow pipe is communicated with the pipeline of the external waste liquid tank.

As mentioned above, the distillation tower safety device for aromatic hydrocarbon production with the early warning function, the outer side wall of the second cylinder body is provided with the warning color and the warning pattern.

The invention has the advantages that: when the distillation tower is normally used, a user injects liquid to be distilled into the tower through the liquid injection pipe, the liquid flows downwards through the tower plates of all layers and is finally collected to the tower bottom, the user starts the heating device to boil the liquid at the tower bottom, the rising steam upwards penetrates through the tower plates to carry out heat exchange, and finally enters the condensing equipment from the air inlet pipe to be cooled to form a condensed solution, so that the whole distillation process is completed (the specific reaction principle of the distillation tower is a known technology, and detailed description is omitted), the user only needs to supplement the solution into the tower at regular time to enable the solution at the tower bottom to submerge the heating device, and after the distillation tower is used for a period of time, the user needs; if the steam pressure in the tower exceeds a safety value due to various reasons in the production process, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the solution at the bottom of the tower passes through the electromagnetic valve under the action of pressure and is pressed into the first ring groove, the solution entering the first ring groove can exchange heat with the outside through the first outer cylinder wall to cool (the first outer cylinder wall can be made of a metal material with good heat conductivity), the second cylinder body can be jacked upwards, the first inner cylinder wall can exit the third ring groove in the upward moving process of the second cylinder body, the negative pressure in the third ring groove can suck the cooling liquid in an external cooling liquid container into the third ring groove through the spiral heat exchange tube, the cooling liquid can exchange heat with the solution in the first ring groove to cool before passing through the spiral heat exchange tube, and then exchanges heat with the high-temperature steam at the upper part in the tower to cool the liquid and the gas in the tower rapidly, in the distillation tower, on one hand, the second cylinder moving upwards can increase the volume in the tower and immediately reduce the steam pressure in the tower, and meanwhile, the heating device positioned at the lower part of the second cylinder can be separated from the solution at the bottom of the tower along with the upward movement of the second cylinder, so that the solution is prevented from being continuously boiled by the waste heat of the heating device; the device realizes rapid cooling by pressing solution into the shell and injecting cooling liquid, increases the volume in the tower by utilizing the ascending second cylinder body, rapidly reduces the pressure, simultaneously separates the heating device from the solution at the bottom of the tower, interrupts the direct heating, rapidly discharges the solution on the tower plate by utilizing the matching action of the baffle, the baffle and the permeable groove, rapidly solves the problem of overhigh pressure in the tower from three aspects of temperature reduction, pressure reduction and reaction interruption, the power of the whole process completely depends on the steam pressure in the tower, other external power devices are not needed, after the pressure in the tower is reduced to be within a normal value, the second cylinder body can move downwards under the action of gravity, the solution in the first ring groove is pressed back to the inside of the first cylinder body again, a user can continue to start the heating device to recover production by closing the electromagnetic valve after the second cylinder body falls back to the original position, the waste and pollution of the solution in the tower cannot be caused, and the user can control the upward moving height of the second cylinder body by adjusting the weight of the balancing weight; in addition, if a user needs to quickly empty the solution on the tower plate, the user only needs to temporarily close the condensing device to stop air intake, open the electromagnetic valve and the heating device, the air pressure in the tower rises after the liquid at the bottom of the tower boils, the second cylinder body can be jacked upwards (the user needs to control the power of the heating device, and the distance for the second cylinder body to move upwards is slightly greater than the vertical height of the stop block), at the moment, the solution on the tower plate flows down from the permeable groove, and the user opens the liquid discharge pipe at the bottom after cutting off the heating device to discharge all the solution, so that the quick liquid discharge function of the tower plate can be realized; compared with the device which directly discharges the solution in the tower, the device reduces the economic loss and improves the use safety of the distillation tower while avoiding the leakage of toxic substances.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the depressurization regime of the present invention; FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 2; fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of ii of fig. 2.

Reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a first barrel body, 11, a first ring groove, 12, a second ring groove, 13, a spiral heat exchange tube, 2, a second barrel body, 21, a third ring groove, 3, a tower plate, 31, a floating valve, 32, a permeable groove, 4, a vertical rod, 41, a stop block, 42, a baffle, 14, a liquid discharge pipe, 22, a liquid injection pipe, 23, a condensing device, 5, an electromagnetic valve, 6, a balancing weight, 24, an electric heating pipe, 25, a heat insulation material, 7 and an overflow pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A distillation tower safety device with an early warning function for aromatic hydrocarbon production comprises a first barrel body 1 with an opening at the top, a first annular groove 11 is formed in the top surface of the barrel wall of the first barrel body 1, the bottom surface in the groove of the first annular groove 11 is flush with the bottom surface of an inner cavity of the first barrel body 1, a second annular groove 12 is formed in the inner side wall of the inner cavity of the first annular groove 11, a spiral heat exchange pipe 13 is wound in the second annular groove 12, the lower end of the spiral heat exchange pipe 13 penetrates through the side wall of the first barrel body 1 and is connected with an external cooling liquid container through a pipeline, the upper end of the spiral heat exchange pipe 13 is communicated with the top surface of the first barrel body 1, a connection point is positioned inside the first annular groove 11, a second barrel body 2 with a downward opening is arranged above the first barrel body 1, a third annular groove 21 is formed in the bottom surface of the barrel wall of the second barrel body 2, the vertical depth of the third annular groove 21 is equal to the vertical, the wall of the second cylinder 2 is divided into a second outer cylinder wall and a second inner cylinder wall by a third ring groove 21, the first inner cylinder wall is upwards inserted into the third ring groove 21 and is in sliding sealing fit with the third ring groove, the second outer cylinder wall is downwards inserted into the first ring groove 11 and is in sliding sealing fit with the first ring groove, a plurality of column plates 3 are transversely and fixedly arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the second cylinder 2 respectively, a plurality of float valves 31 are fixedly arranged on the column plates 3 respectively, the float valve type column plates are the existing mature technology in a plate distillation column and are used for enhancing the heat exchange effect of gas and liquid in the column, the front side and the rear side of each column plate 3 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the second cylinder 2 respectively, a gap for the liquid to fall is reserved on only one side, the specific structure is not repeated, the column plates 3 on two sides are respectively staggered and stacked, a transparent groove 32 is longitudinally arranged on two sides of, the front end and the rear end of each through groove 32 are communicated with the edges of the front side and the rear side of the corresponding column plate 3, two vertical rods 4 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the first cylinder 1 respectively, the front side of each vertical rod 4 on the front side is contacted with the inner wall of the front side of the second cylinder 2, the rear side of each vertical rod 4 on the rear side is contacted with the inner wall of the rear side of the second cylinder 2, the two vertical rods 4 on the same side are longitudinally aligned respectively, the two vertical rods 4 on the same side are upwards penetrated through all the through grooves 32 on the same side respectively, the two vertical rods 4 on the same side are positioned at the front end and the rear end of the through groove 32 on the same side respectively, a plurality of baffle blocks 41 and baffle plates 42 are fixedly arranged between the two vertical rods 4 on the same side, the baffle blocks 41 are respectively positioned in the through grooves 32 on the side of the corresponding column plate 3, the lower part of the baffle 42 and the vertical rods 4 at the front and the rear sides can also jointly seal the corresponding through groove 32, the upper part of the baffle 42 is respectively higher than the top end of the float valve 31 on the corresponding tower plate 3, the baffle 42 plays the role of an overflow weir at the moment and is used for keeping a certain liquid level height on the tower plate 3, the lower part of the inner cavity of the second cylinder 2 is provided with a heating device, the bottom surface of the first cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with a liquid discharge pipe 14, a valve is fixedly arranged on the liquid discharge pipe 14, the top surface of the second cylinder 2 is fixedly connected with a liquid injection pipe 22, the top surface of the second cylinder 2 is fixedly provided with a condensing device 23, an air inlet pipe of the condensing device 23 downwards passes through the top surface of the second cylinder 2 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the second cylinder, a liquid discharge pipe of the condensing device 23 is connected with an external condensate collecting device pipeline, the external condensate collecting device is not, the top surface of the second cylinder 2 is fixedly provided with a balancing weight 6. When the distillation tower is in normal use, a user injects liquid to be distilled into the tower through the liquid injection pipe 22, the liquid flows downwards through the tower plates 3 of all layers and is finally collected to the tower bottom, the user starts the heating device to boil the liquid at the tower bottom, rising steam upwards penetrates through the tower plates 3 to carry out heat exchange, and finally enters the condensing equipment 23 from the air inlet pipe to be cooled to form a condensed solution, so that the whole distillation process is completed (the specific reaction principle of the distillation tower is a known technology and is not described in detail herein), the user only needs to supplement the solution into the tower at regular time to submerge the heating device with the solution at the tower bottom, and the user needs to open the liquid discharge pipe 14 periodically to discharge bottom residues; if the steam pressure in the tower exceeds the safety value due to various reasons in the production process, the electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, the solution at the tower bottom passes through the electromagnetic valve 5 under the action of pressure and is pressed into the first annular groove 11, the solution entering the first annular groove 11 can exchange heat with the outside through the first outer cylinder wall to cool (the first outer cylinder wall can be made of metal materials with good heat conductivity), the second cylinder 2 can be jacked upwards, the first inner cylinder wall can exit the third annular groove 21 in the upward movement process of the second cylinder 2, the negative pressure in the third annular groove 21 can suck the cooling liquid in an external cooling liquid container into the third annular groove 21 through the spiral heat exchange tube 13, the cooling liquid can exchange heat with the solution in the first annular groove 11 to cool before passing through the spiral heat exchange tube 13, and then exchanges heat with the high-temperature steam at the upper part in the tower after entering the third annular groove 21, therefore, the temperature of liquid and gas in the tower is quickly reduced, in the distillation tower, on one hand, the volume in the tower can be increased by the second cylinder 2 moving upwards, the steam pressure in the tower is immediately reduced, meanwhile, the heating device positioned at the lower part of the second cylinder 2 can be separated from the solution at the tower bottom along with the upward movement, the solution is prevented from being continuously boiled by the waste heat of the heating device, as the tower plate 3 moves upwards along with the second cylinder 2, the corresponding through groove 32 cannot be blocked by the block 41 and the baffle 42, the solution on the tower plate 3 can quickly fall to the tower bottom through the through groove 32, the heat exchange reaction with the steam in the tower is stopped, and the solution is pressed into the first ring groove 11 along with the rising of the second cylinder 2 for cooling; the device realizes rapid cooling by pressing solution into a shell and injecting cooling liquid, the heating device is separated from the solution at the bottom of the tower and is interrupted to directly heat while the volume in the tower is rapidly reduced by utilizing the rising second barrel 2, the solution on the tower plate 3 is rapidly discharged by utilizing the matching action of the baffle 42, the baffle 41 and the through groove 32, the problem of overhigh pressure in the tower is rapidly solved from three aspects of temperature reduction, pressure reduction and interruption reaction, the power of the whole process completely depends on the steam pressure in the tower without being externally connected with other power devices, after the pressure in the tower is reduced to be within a normal value, the second barrel 2 can move downwards under the action of gravity to press the solution in the first ring groove 11 back into the first barrel 1 again, and a user can continuously start the heating device to resume production by closing the electromagnetic valve 5 after the second barrel 2 falls back to the original position, the waste and pollution of the solution in the tower can not be caused, the user can control the upward moving height of the second cylinder 2 by adjusting the weight of the balancing weight 6; in addition, if a user needs to quickly empty the solution on the tower plate 3, the user only needs to temporarily close the condensing device 23 to stop air intake, open the electromagnetic valve 5 and the heating device, the air pressure in the tower rises after the liquid at the bottom of the tower boils, the second cylinder 2 can be jacked upwards (the user needs to control the power of the heating device, and the distance for the second cylinder 2 to move upwards is slightly greater than the vertical height of the stop block 41), at the moment, the solution on the tower plate 3 flows down from the permeable groove 32, and the user opens the liquid discharge pipe 14 at the bottom after cutting off the heating device to discharge all the solution, so that the quick liquid discharge function of the tower plate 3 can be realized; compared with the device which directly discharges the solution in the tower, the device reduces the economic loss and improves the use safety of the distillation tower while avoiding the leakage of toxic substances, the function of quickly discharging the solution on the tower plate 3 of the invention also solves the problem of restricting the liquid discharge efficiency of the plate-type distillation tower, and the device is particularly suitable for being popularized as a novel distillation tower of various aromatic hydrocarbon production and chemical enterprises.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the heating device described in this embodiment is an electric heating pipe 24, a plurality of electric heating pipes 24 are arranged in the second cylinder 2, the electric heating pipe 24 is serpentine in appearance, the front end and the rear end of the electric heating pipe 24 are respectively fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the second cylinder 2, and the motor heat pipe 24 is located between the vertical bars 4 on both sides. The user can heat the liquid at the bottom of the distillation tower by switching on the power supply of the electric heating pipe 24.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, this embodiment solenoid valve 5 is automatic pressure release solenoid valve, still is equipped with PLC controller and alarm in addition, and PLC controller and alarm are all installed on 1 outer wall of first barrel, and not shown in PLC controller and the alarm picture, PLC controller and solenoid valve 5, alarm and 24 circuit connection of electric heating pipe. The automatic pressure release threshold value of solenoid valve 5 has been set for in advance to user's accessible PLC controller, and solenoid valve 5 can be opened automatically when distillation column internal pressure reaches this numerical value, and the PLC controller also can cut off the power of electric heating pipe 24 immediately simultaneously in order to stop continuing to heat, and the alarm also can send out the police dispatch newspaper and remind the user.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1, the liquid injection pipe 22 and the liquid outlet pipe of the condensing device 23 both adopt flexible pipes. Because the second cylinder 2 has a lifting function, the liquid injection pipe 22 and the liquid outlet pipe are made of flexible pipes, so that the second cylinder 2 can be prevented from being broken when lifted.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1, the top surface and the second outer cylindrical wall of the second cylinder 2 and the bottom surface of the first cylinder 1 are hollow structures and are filled with thermal insulation material 25. When the distillation tower normally operates, the heat insulation material 25 can reduce heat exchange between the distillation tower and the external environment, and reduce energy consumption.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1, an overflow pipe 7 is fixedly installed on the upper portion of the outer side wall of the first cylinder 1, one end of the overflow pipe 7 passes through the first outer cylinder wall and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first annular groove 11, and the other end of the overflow pipe 7 is communicated with an external waste liquid pool pipeline. When the lower edge of the second cylinder 2 is lifted upwards to the position of the overflow pipe 7, the pressure inside the distillation tower exceeds the limit of the self-processing capacity of the invention, and at the moment, the liquid in the tower can directly flow through the electromagnetic valve 5, the first ring groove 11 and the overflow pipe 7 and is discharged to a waste liquid pool, so that the problem that the steam pressure directly lifts the second cylinder 2 to cause a greater accident is avoided.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1, the outer side wall of the second cylinder 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a warning color and a pattern, such as a "high pressure danger" pattern with a black character on a red background. The distillation towers in the enterprise are arranged in a plurality of rows in a row, various safety alarms can be given when a dangerous situation occurs, but field personnel and arriving rescue personnel often have difficulty in judging which distillation tower has the dangerous situation at the first time, at the moment, the second cylinder 2 is pushed upwards by steam pressure, the appearance of the distillation tower can be obviously changed, and the distillation tower with the dangerous situation can be distinguished by the field personnel and the remote rescue personnel at the first time by matching with the obvious warning color and the warning pattern arranged on the outer side wall of the second cylinder 2.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a distillation column safety device is used in arene production with early warning function, includes open-top's first barrel (1), its characterized in that: the top surface of the cylinder wall of the first cylinder body (1) is provided with a first ring groove (11), the inner side wall of an inner cavity of the first ring groove (11) is provided with a second ring groove (12), a spiral heat exchange pipe (13) is wound in the second ring groove (12), the lower end of the spiral heat exchange pipe (13) penetrates through the side wall of the first cylinder body (1) and is connected with an external cooling liquid container pipeline, the upper end of the spiral heat exchange pipe (13) is communicated with the top surface of the first cylinder body (1), a second cylinder body (2) with a downward opening is arranged above the first cylinder body (1), the bottom surface of the cylinder wall of the second cylinder body (2) is provided with a third ring groove (21), the cylinder wall of the first cylinder body (1) is divided into a first outer cylinder wall and a first inner cylinder wall by the first ring groove (11), the cylinder wall of the second cylinder body (2) is divided into a second outer cylinder wall and a second inner cylinder wall by the third ring groove (21), the, the second outer cylinder wall is downwards inserted into the first ring groove (11) and is matched with the first ring groove in a sliding and sealing manner, a plurality of column plates (3) are transversely and fixedly arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the second cylinder body (2) respectively, a plurality of float valves (31) are fixedly arranged on the column plates (3) respectively, the column plates (3) on two sides are staggered and stacked respectively, a through groove (32) is longitudinally arranged on each column plate (3) respectively, the front end and the rear end of each through groove (32) are communicated with the edges of the front side and the rear side of the corresponding column plate (3), two vertical rods (4) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the first cylinder body (1) respectively, the front side of each vertical rod (4) on the front side is contacted with the inner wall of the front side of the second cylinder body (2), the rear side of each vertical rod (4) on the rear side is contacted with the inner wall of the rear, a plurality of check blocks (41) and baffle plates (42) are fixedly arranged between the two vertical rods (4) at the same side, the check blocks (41) are respectively positioned in the through grooves (32) at one side of the connecting part of the corresponding column plates (3) and the second cylinder body (2), the lower parts of the baffle plates (42) are respectively positioned in the through grooves (32) at one side of the connecting part of the corresponding column plates (3) and the second cylinder body (2), the lower part of the inner cavity of the second cylinder body (2) is provided with a heating device, the bottom surface of the first cylinder body (1) is fixedly connected with a liquid discharge pipe (14), a valve is fixedly arranged on the liquid discharge pipe (14), the top surface of the second cylinder body (2) is fixedly connected with a liquid injection pipe (22), the top surface of the second cylinder body (2) is fixedly provided with a condensing device (23), an air inlet pipe of the condensing device (23) downwards penetrates through the top surface of the second cylinder body (2, the bottom of the inner cavity side wall of the first barrel body (1) is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic valves (5), two end connectors of the electromagnetic valves (5) are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the first barrel body (1) and a first annular groove (11), the top surface of the second barrel body (2) is fixedly provided with a balancing weight (6), liquid outlet pipes of a liquid injection pipe (22) and a condensing device (23) are made of hose materials, an overflow pipe (7) is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the outer side wall of the first barrel body (1), one end of the overflow pipe (7) penetrates through the inner cavity of the first outer barrel wall and is communicated with the inner cavity of the first annular groove (11), and the other end.

2. The safety device with the early warning function for the distillation tower for aromatic hydrocarbon production, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heating device is an electric heating pipe (24), a plurality of electric heating pipes (24) are arranged in the second barrel body (2), the electric heating pipes (24) are snake-shaped in appearance, and the front end and the rear end of each electric heating pipe (24) are fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the second barrel body (2) respectively.

3. The safety device with the early warning function for the distillation tower for aromatic hydrocarbon production, according to claim 2, is characterized in that: solenoid valve (5) are automatic pressure release solenoid valve, still are equipped with PLC controller and alarm in addition, and PLC controller and alarm are all installed on first barrel (1) outer wall, PLC controller and solenoid valve (5), alarm and electric heating pipe (24) circuit connection.

4. The safety device with the early warning function for the distillation tower for aromatic hydrocarbon production, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top surface of the second barrel body (2), the second outer barrel wall and the bottom surface of the first barrel body (1) are both of a hollow structure and are filled with heat insulation materials (25).

5. The safety device with the early warning function for the distillation tower for aromatic hydrocarbon production, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the outer side wall of the second cylinder (2) is provided with warning colors and patterns.