Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides an internet of things signal transmission noise reduction system, which is capable of outputting an analog signal received by an internet of things analog signal receiver to an internet of things control terminal without distortion after linear phase shift filtering.
The technical scheme includes that the system comprises an Internet of things analog signal receiver, a filtering and noise reducing module, an Internet of things control terminal and a cloud server, wherein the Internet of things analog signal receiver receives an analog signal transmitted by the cloud server and transmits the analog signal to the filtering and noise reducing module, the filtering and noise reducing module carries out filtering and noise reduction on the analog signal and then transmits the analog signal to the Internet of things control terminal, and the filtering and noise reducing module comprises a band-pass filter circuit, a phase detection compensation circuit, an amplitude stabilizing circuit and a frequency selection output circuit;
the band-pass filter circuit receives an analog signal transmitted by the Internet of things analog signal receiver and performs band-pass filtering on the analog signal, the signal after the band-pass filtering is divided into two loops, one loop is transmitted to an amplitude stabilizing circuit through a capacitor C4, the other loop is transmitted to a phase detection compensation circuit through a resistor R8, the amplitude stabilizing circuit feeds an abnormal amplitude signal back to an operational amplifier AR4 by using a diode D2, a diode D3 and a resistor R11, the operational amplifier AR4 adjusts the amplification factor of the operational amplifier by a voltage series negative feedback mode so as to adjust the amplitude of the signal after the band-pass filtering, the phase detection compensation circuit samples the analog signal transmitted from an output port of the Internet of things analog signal receiver and performs phase comparison detection with the signal after the band-pass filtering through an operational amplifier AR2, and when no phase difference is detected, the signal after the amplitude stabilizing is transmitted to a frequency selection output circuit through a contact 4 through a relay K2 contact 3, when a phase difference is detected, the relay K2 is actuated, the amplitude-stabilized signal is transmitted to the frequency-selecting output circuit after being subjected to phase compensation through the relay K2 contact 3 and the contact 5 and the inductance L1, the frequency-selecting output circuit uses a parallel resonant circuit formed by an adjustable transformer T1 and a capacitor C1 to select the frequency of the signal input into the frequency-selecting output circuit, and the frequency-selected signal is transmitted to the Internet of things control terminal through the capacitor C12.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the phase detection compensation circuit carries out phase compensation correction on the signal after the band-pass filtering when the band-pass filtering circuit has nonlinear phase shift and then transmits the signal to the frequency selection output circuit, and the phase detection compensation circuit directly transmits the signal to the frequency selection output circuit when the band-pass filtering circuit does not have nonlinear phase shift, so that the phenomenon that the analog signal transmitted by the Internet of things analog signal receiver is possibly subjected to nonlinear phase shift after passing through the band-pass filtering circuit, and the frequency spectrum overlapping and signal distortion conditions are caused is avoided.
2. The frequency-selecting output circuit adopts an adjustable transformer T1 and a capacitor C11 which are connected in parallel to form a frequency-selecting network, the central frequency of a received analog signal is achieved through the parallel resonance of the frequency-selecting network, the signal of the central frequency is amplified, signals of other frequencies are attenuated to zero at the same time, the energy loss of the frequency-selecting network during oscillation is supplemented through a triode Q4, the frequency-selecting network formed by connecting the adjustable transformer T1 and the capacitor C11 in parallel is easy to start oscillation, the resonant frequency is accurate, the selectivity is good, and the frequency stability is high.
3. The capacitors C13-C16 are decoupling capacitors for filtering high-frequency noise coupled to a power supply end, the capacitor C1 is a bypass capacitor for filtering high-frequency noise of an input signal, the capacitors C4-C5, C8, C10, C12 and C17 are coupling capacitors for filtering low-frequency noise, and the effect of eliminating waveform burrs of the analog received signal and smoothing the waveform of the analog received signal is achieved by the effect of filtering the noise through the capacitors.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other technical and scientific aspects, features and utilities of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings of fig. 1. The structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all referred to the attached drawings of the specification.
In order to filter out signals and noise outside a central frequency passband of an Internet of things analog receiving signal, a band-pass filter circuit is adopted to receive analog signals transmitted by an Internet of things analog signal receiver, an operational amplifier AR1, a resistor R1-R4 and a capacitor C2-C3 are used for carrying out band-pass filtering on the received analog signals, wherein negative feedback is introduced into a resistor R21, a ratio of the negative feedback to a resistor R1 determines a proportionality coefficient, the resistor R3 and the capacitor C2 form a high-pass filter circuit, and when the frequency is smaller than a turning frequency f1When the capacitance reactance of the C2 is very large, the capacitance reactance is similar to an open circuit, and the output voltage of the output end is attenuated to be below 3 db; the resistor R2 and the capacitor C3 form a low-pass filter circuit, and when the frequency is higher than the turning frequency f2When the capacitance of the C3 is very small, the resistor R2 is short-circuited, the gain of the operational amplifier AR1 tends to 0, the output voltage at the output end is attenuated to be less than 3db, and only the pass band BW is f2-f1The internal signal can pass through without distortion and attenuation, so that the effects of transmitting the analog receiving signal of the Internet of things in the passband without distortion and inhibiting and attenuating the signal, interference and noise outside the analog passband of the Internet of things are achieved.
The specific structure of the band-pass filter circuit is that the inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR1 is connected with one ends of a resistor R1 and a resistor R21, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected with one ends of a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with one ends of a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a capacitor C3, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the input end of a phase detection compensation circuit and the output port of an Internet of things analog signal receiver, and the output end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected with the other ends of a resistor R2, a resistor R21 and a capacitor C3.
In order to increase the stability of the signal after the band-pass filtering, an amplitude stabilizing circuit is adopted, the amplitude stabilizing circuit is obtained by connecting two diodes D2 and D3 which are connected in parallel in a feedback loop of an in-phase proportional operation circuit in series, and the amplification factor of the amplitude stabilizing circuit
Wherein r is
dIs the sum of the parallel dynamic resistances of the diodes D2 and D3, when the output voltage U of the operational amplifier AR4 is
oWhen the current increases, the current flowing through the resistors R10 and R11 and the diodes D2 and D3 increases, and R increases according to the increase of the current
dThe reduced characteristic being the magnification A
uDecrease of U
oAnd then decreases accordingly; when the output voltage U of the operational amplifier AR4
oWhen the current decreases, the current flowing through the resistors R10 and R11 and the diodes D2 and D3 decreases, and R increases according to the increase in current
dThe increased feature makes the magnification A
uDecrease of U
oThe voltage is reduced accordingly, so that the output voltage is stable, and the effect of amplitude stabilization of the analog signal is achieved.
The specific structure of the amplitude stabilizing circuit is that the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR4 is connected with one end of a resistor R9, the other end of a resistor R9 is connected with the negative electrode of a capacitor C4, the positive electrode of a capacitor C4 is connected with the output end of a band-pass filter circuit, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR4 is connected with one ends of a resistor R10 and a resistor R11, the other end of the resistor R10 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the anode of a diode D2 and the cathode of a diode D3, the output end of the operational amplifier AR4 is connected with the anode of a capacitor C5, the cathode of a diode D2 and the anode of a diode D3, and the negative electrode of a.
In order to solve the frequency spectrum overlapping and signal distortion caused by the nonlinear phase shift of the band-pass filter circuit, a phase detection compensation circuit is adopted to sample an analog signal transmitted by an Internet of things analog signal receiver and input the analog signal into an inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR2 through a resistor R5, the sampled band-pass filtered signal is input into a non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR2 through a resistor R8, the operational amplifier AR2 performs subtraction proportional operation on the two signals to obtain a phase difference signal, wherein the resistance values of a resistor R5 and a resistor R8 are the same, the resistance values of a resistor R6 and a resistor R7 are the same, and the ratio of the resistance value of the resistor R5 or the resistor R8 to the resistance value of the resistor R36;
the phase difference signal is output by the operational amplifier AR2 and then input to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR3, when the phase difference signal is positive voltage, the diode D1 is conducted, the operational amplifier AR3 outputs current to charge the capacitor C6 through the D1 until the voltage value of the phase difference signal is equal to the voltage value of the phase difference signal, when the phase difference signal is reverse voltage, the diode D1 is cut off, and the capacitor C6 maintains the maximum forward voltage value of the phase difference signal, namely the amplitude value of the phase difference signal;
the maximum forward voltage value is transmitted to the control electrode of the controlled silicon Q1 and the base electrode of the triode Q2, when the maximum forward voltage value of the phase difference signal is high level, namely, the phase difference exists between the signals before and after the band-pass filtering, when the band-pass filtering circuit has nonlinear phase shift, the triode Q2 is in a cut-off region, the relay K1 is still in a normally open state, the controlled silicon Q1 is conducted, the power supply +12V is added to the contact 1 of the relay K2 through the contact 3 and the contact 4 of the resistor R12 and the relay K1, the relay K2 is attracted, so that the signal after the stable amplitude is transmitted to the base electrode of the triode Q3 through the capacitor C5, the contact 3 and the contact 5 of the relay K2 and the capacitor C8, the triode Q3 adopts a common-emitter amplification mode, and the collector electrode of the triode is provided with a compensation inductor L1, when the inverted signal after amplitude stabilization is input to the base electrode of the triode Q3, the triode Q3 is cut off, and the inductor L1 is charged by +6V of the power supply; when the positive signal after amplitude stabilization is input to the base of the triode Q3, the triode Q3 is turned on, the inductor L1 compensates the voltage lag phase caused by the capacitor in the band-pass filter circuit through the voltage phase lead characteristic of the inductor L1, the power supply +6V supplies electric energy to the inductor L1 at intervals through the switching characteristic of the triode Q3 to offset the loss of energy when the inductor L1 performs phase compensation, the resistor R16 and the resistor R19 are bias resistors and jointly determine the base voltage of the triode Q3, the resistor R17 is a voltage negative feedback resistor and is used for inhibiting the influence of temperature change on the static working point of the triode Q3, the resistor R18 is a collector resistor and determining the amplification factor of the triode Q3, the capacitor C7 is a bypass capacitor and is used for improving the amplification factor through the input alternating current signal, and the signal after phase compensation is transmitted to the frequency-selecting output circuit through the capacitor C9;
when the amplitude of the phase difference signal is low level, namely the phase difference does not exist between the signal before band-pass filtering and the signal after band-pass filtering, and the non-linear phase shift does not exist in the band-pass filtering circuit, the triode Q2 is in a saturation region, the relay K1 is attracted, the contact 3 of the triode Q2 is connected with the contact 5, the power supply +12V is grounded through the resistor R12, the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 and the resistor R15 in sequence, wherein the resistors R12 and R14-R15 are current-limiting resistors, the control effect of the silicon controlled rectifier on the relay K2 is cut off, and the relay K2 is in a normally open state, so that the signal after amplitude stabilization;
the phase detection compensation circuit carries out phase compensation correction on the signal after the band-pass filtering when the band-pass filtering circuit has nonlinear phase shift and then transmits the signal to the frequency selection output circuit, and the signal is directly transmitted to the frequency selection output circuit when the band-pass filtering circuit does not have the nonlinear phase shift, so that the phenomena of frequency spectrum overlapping and signal distortion caused by the fact that the nonlinear phase shift possibly occurs after an analog signal transmitted by an Internet of things analog signal receiver passes through the band-pass filtering circuit are avoided;
the specific structure of the phase detection compensation circuit comprises that the inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR2 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a resistor R6, the other end of a resistor R5 is connected with the anode of a capacitor C1, the cathode of a capacitor C17 and the input end of a band-pass filter circuit, the cathode of a capacitor C1 is grounded, the anode of a capacitor C17 is connected with the output port of an Internet of things analog signal receiver, the non-inverting input end of an AR2 is connected with one end of a resistor R7 and one end of a resistor R8, the other end of a resistor R7 is grounded, the other end of a resistor R8 is connected with the output end of a band-pass filter circuit and the input end of a constant amplitude circuit, the output end of an AR2 is connected with the other end of a resistor R6 and the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR3, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR3 is connected with the anode of a capacitor C6, the cathode of a diode D1, the base of a triode Q2 and the control electrode of a thyristor, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with a power supply +12V and one end of a capacitor C13, the other end of the capacitor C13 is grounded, the cathode of the controlled silicon Q1 is connected with a contact 3 of a relay K1, the collector of the triode Q2 is grounded, the emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with a contact 2 of the relay K1, a contact 1 of a relay K1 is connected with the power supply +12V and one end of the capacitor C14, a contact 4 of the relay K1 is connected with a contact 1 of the relay K1, a contact 5 of the relay K1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded, one end of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1, a contact 2 of the relay K1 is grounded, a contact 3 of the relay K1 is connected with an output end of a fixed amplitude circuit, a contact 4 of the relay K1 is connected with the cathode of the triode C1 and a base of the capacitor Q1, and a base of, The other end of the resistor R16 and one end of the resistor R19, the emitter of the triode Q3 is connected with the other ends of the resistor R17 and the capacitor C7, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with one end of the resistor R18 and the anode of the capacitor C9, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with one end of the inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the +6V power supply, the other end of the resistor R19 and one end of the capacitor C15, and the other end of the capacitor C15 is grounded.
In order to filter other frequency signals and noise except the center frequency of the Internet of things analog receiving signal, a frequency selection output circuit is adopted, an adjustable transformer T1 and a capacitor C11 are connected in parallel to form a frequency selection network, the center frequency of the received analog signal is achieved through parallel resonance of the frequency selection output circuit, the signal of the center frequency is amplified, meanwhile, the signal of other frequencies is attenuated to zero, so that the effect of filtering other frequency signals and noise except the center frequency of the Internet of things analog receiving signal is achieved, a triode Q4 and a resistor R20 are added into the frequency selection output circuit, a common-emitter amplification mode is adopted, when the analog signal input to the base electrode of the triode Q4 is a reverse signal, the triode Q3 is cut off, and a power supply +6V supplies electric energy to the capacitor C11 and the adjustable transformer T1; when an analog signal input to the base of the triode Q4 is a forward signal, the triode Q3 is conducted, the capacitor C11 and the adjustable transformer T1 generate parallel resonance, and the +6V power supply supplies electric energy to the capacitor C11 and the adjustable transformer T1 occasionally through the switching characteristic of the triode Q3 so as to supplement the energy loss of the frequency selection network during oscillation, and meanwhile, the resistor R20 is also a bias resistor and can determine the voltage of the base of the triode Q4;
in the specific structure of the frequency-selective output circuit, the base of a triode Q4 is connected with the negative electrode of a capacitor C10 and one end of a resistor R20, the positive electrode of the capacitor C10 is connected with the output end of the phase detection compensation circuit, the other end of the resistor R20 is connected with a power supply +6V, a pin 1 of an adjustable transformer T1, a capacitor C16 and one end of a capacitor C11, the other end of the capacitor C16 is grounded, the emitter of a triode Q4 is grounded and a pin 4 of the adjustable transformer T1, the collector of a triode Q4 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C11 and a pin 3 of the adjustable transformer T1, a pin 2 of the adjustable transformer T1 is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor C12, and the negative electrode of the capacitor C12 is connected with.
The capacitors C13-C16 are decoupling capacitors for filtering high-frequency noise coupled to a power supply end; the capacitor C1 is a bypass capacitor to filter the high-frequency noise of the input signal; the capacitors C4-C5, C8, C10, C12 and C17 are coupling capacitors to filter low-frequency noise, and the capacitors filter the noise, so that the effect of eliminating waveform burrs of the analog receiving signal and smoothing the waveform of the analog receiving signal is achieved.
When the device is used specifically, the band-pass filter circuit receives an analog signal transmitted by an Internet of things analog signal receiver and then performs band-pass filtering on the analog signal, a high-pass filter circuit is formed by adopting a resistor R3 and a capacitor C2 in the band-pass filter circuit, a low-pass filter circuit is formed by a resistor R2 and a capacitor C3, only a signal in a pass band BW can pass through the high-pass filter circuit without distortion and attenuation, the voltage of the signal outside the pass band BW is attenuated to be below 3db, the signal after the band-pass filtering is divided into two loops, one loop is transmitted to an amplitude stabilizing circuit through the capacitor C4, the other loop is transmitted to a phase detection compensation circuit through a resistor R8, and the amplitude stabilizing circuit transmits the sum R of parallel dynamic resistors of diodes D2 and D3 to adThe sum r of the parallel dynamic resistances of the diodes D2, D3 is reduced when the current decreasesdThe increased characteristic feeds back an abnormal signal to adjust the self amplification factor A of the operational amplifieruTherefore, the output voltage is stable, the effect of analog signal amplitude stabilization is achieved, the phase detection compensation circuit samples analog signals transmitted from the output port of the Internet of things analog signal receiver, phase difference operation is carried out on the analog signals and signals after band-pass filtering through the operational amplifier AR2, the obtained phase difference signals are subjected to maximum forward level through the operational amplifier AR3, when the maximum forward level is low level, namely the two signals have no phase difference, and when the band-pass filtering circuit has no nonlinear phase shift, the silicon controlled rectifier Q1 is not conducted, the triode Q2 is conducted, the relay K1 is attracted, the relay K2 is still in a normally open state, and the signals after amplitude stabilization are transmitted to the frequency selection output circuit through the relay K2 contact 3 connection contact 4; when the maximum forward level is high level, namely phase difference exists between two signals, and nonlinear phase shift exists in the band-pass filter circuit, the triode Q2 is cut off, the thyristor Q1 is switched on, and the +12V power is transmitted to the control end of the relay K2 through the thyristor, the contact 3 and the contact 4 of the relay K1The method comprises the steps that a contact 1 is attracted by a relay K2, a signal after amplitude stabilization is transmitted to a triode Q3 through a relay K2 contact 3 and a contact 5, an inductor L1 connected with a collector of the triode Q3 compensates a voltage lag phase caused by a capacitor in a band-pass filter circuit by utilizing the voltage phase lead characteristic of the inductor L1, the signal is transmitted to a frequency selection output circuit after being compensated by the phase of an inductor L1, the frequency selection output circuit utilizes an adjustable transformer T1 and a capacitor C11 which are connected in parallel to form a frequency selection network, the central frequency of a received analog signal is achieved through parallel resonance of the frequency selection output circuit, the signal of the central frequency is amplified, meanwhile, signals of other frequencies are attenuated to zero, the effect of filtering other frequency signals and noise outside the central frequency of the analog received signal of the Internet of things is achieved, and the capacitors C13-C16 are decoupling capacitors and are; the capacitor C1 is a bypass capacitor and filters high-frequency noise of the input signal; the capacitors C4-C5, C8, C10, C12 and C17 are coupling capacitors, low-frequency noise is filtered, and the capacitors are used for filtering the noise, so that the effects of eliminating waveform burrs of the analog receiving signal and smoothing the waveform of the analog receiving signal are achieved.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments thereof; for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains and related technologies, the extension, operation method and data replacement should fall within the protection scope of the present invention based on the technical solution of the present invention.