CN112001474A - Power distribution terminal equipment optimal configuration method for power distribution network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimal configuration method for distribution terminal equipment of a power distribution network, which comprises the following steps: taking the ratio of the reliability promotion degree of the power distribution system to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment as an evaluation standard, and establishing a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximized ratio of the reliability promotion degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment; normalizing the reliability improvement degree and the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment; solving the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model by using a cuckoo search algorithm; and planning the installation positions and the installation quantity of the two-remote power distribution terminal and the three-remote power distribution terminal through a normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model. Solving a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model by adopting a cuckoo search algorithm with light dependence on preset parameters; the two-remote power distribution network terminal equipment and the three-remote power distribution network terminal equipment are configured through the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model, and an optimal configuration scheme meeting the economical efficiency and reliability can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, in particular to an optimal configuration method for power distribution terminal equipment of a power distribution network.
Background
The power distribution terminal is used for carrying out data acquisition, monitoring or control on a ring network unit, a station unit, a column switch, a distribution transformer, a line and the like, and is a basic composition unit of a power distribution automation system.
For the configuration problem of the power distribution network terminal, from the optimization target, the target function of the main power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model has three aspects of investment cost, operation maintenance cost and power failure loss cost; from the perspective of an optimization model, two main types are provided, namely, on the premise of ensuring the power supply reliability, the minimum total comprehensive cost configured by the power distribution network terminal is taken as a target function, the maximum power supply reliability is taken as a target function, and the upper limit of the investment cost of the power distribution network terminal is taken as a constraint condition; from the solution algorithm, the genetic algorithm, the particle swarm algorithm, the firefly algorithm and other intelligent algorithms are generally adopted for solution. The configuration problem of the power distribution network terminal is regarded as a nonlinear and continuous discrete mixed combined optimization problem by the models, the configuration of the power distribution network terminal equipment is of a certain significance, but the models used by the models are too simple, the types and the installation positions of the terminals are not completely considered, and the power distribution network planning cannot be well fitted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art and provides an optimal configuration method for power distribution terminal equipment of a power distribution network.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a power distribution terminal equipment optimal configuration method of a power distribution network comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking the ratio of the reliability promotion degree of a power distribution system to the comprehensive cost of newly-added terminal equipment as an evaluation standard, and establishing a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximized ratio of the reliability promotion degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly-added terminal equipment;
step 2, normalizing the reliability improvement degree and the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment to obtain a normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model;
step 3, solving the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model by using a cuckoo search algorithm;
and 4, planning the installation of the two-remote power distribution terminal and the three-remote power distribution terminal through the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model to obtain an optimal planning scheme of the power distribution terminal.
Further, in step 1, the calculation formula of the evaluation criterion is:
in the formula, I is the ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment; the delta ASAI is the reliability improvement degree of the system; and C is the comprehensive cost of newly adding a certain power distribution terminal device.
Further, in step 1, the reliability of the power distribution system is described by using an average power supply availability ratio ASAI, and a calculation formula of the reliability ASAI of the power distribution system and a reliability improvement degree Δ ASAI of the power distribution system is as follows:
ΔASAI＝ASAI1-ASAI0
in the formula, TU,mMean time to year of outage, N, for load point mCNumber of total load points, NmNumber of users, ASAI, at load point m1Reliability when installing distribution terminals for systems, ASAI0Reliability when the power distribution terminal is not installed in the system.
Further, in step 1, the comprehensive cost of newly adding a distribution network terminal device includes 3 parts of equipment investment cost, operation maintenance cost and power failure loss cost, and the calculation formula is as follows:
C＝CF+CM+CL
wherein C is the comprehensive cost of newly adding a power distribution network terminal device, CFFor equipment investment costs, CMFor operating maintenance costs, CLThe cost is lost for power failure.
Further, the calculation formula of the equipment investment cost is as follows,
in the formula, N1And N2The number of the 'two remote' terminal and the 'three remote' terminal, PF1Investing the current unit price for the 'two remote' terminal, including the cost of communication equipment and other auxiliary equipment, PF2The current unit price for the terminal investment of 'three remote' is composed of electric operating mechanism, voltage transformer and communication unitAnd e, the cost of the auxiliary equipment is equal, s represents the operation age of the equipment, and i is the discount rate.
Further, the calculation formula of the operation and maintenance cost is as follows:
CM＝(N1PF1+N2PF2)·η
in the formula, N1And N2The number of the 'two remote' terminal and the 'three remote' terminal, PF1Investing the current unit price for the 'two remote' terminal, including the cost of communication equipment and other auxiliary equipment, PF2The current unit price is invested for the 'three remote' terminal, the cost of auxiliary equipment including an electric operating mechanism, a voltage transformer, a communication device and the like is included, and eta is the proportion of operation and maintenance cost in the equipment investment cost.
Further, the formula for calculating the power failure loss cost is as follows:
in the formula, N is the number of system users; ENSjThe average electric quantity of the system user j which is short of supply due to power failure is obtained through reliability evaluation calculation; cPThe average power failure loss cost of the unit electric quantity of the system user is obtained.
Further, in step 2, the normalized model of the system reliability improvement degree is:
wherein Δ ASAI' is the normalized system reliability enhancement, ASAIminIs a minimum system reliability indicator with a value equal to the reliability of the system without any distribution terminals installed, ASAImaxThe system reliability index is the maximum system reliability index, and the value of the index is equal to the system reliability when the system is completely provided with three remote power distribution terminals;
the normalization model of the comprehensive cost of the newly added power distribution network terminal equipment is as follows:
wherein C' is the combined cost after normalization, CminFor minimum combined cost, CmaxThe maximum comprehensive cost is achieved;
the normalized distribution network terminal equipment configuration model is as follows:
further, in step 3, the step of solving the normalized distribution network terminal device configuration model by using the cuckoo search algorithm CSA is as follows:
step 3.1: initializing CSA population and parameters including maximum iteration number K, nest number d, and bird egg discovery probability PaRandomly generating d bird nests X according to the value range of the decision variables0(x0 1,x0 2,x0 3,…,x0 d)TEach nest corresponds to a group of power distribution terminal installation types and position values, the fitness value of each nest is calculated according to the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model, the initial global optimal nest position is obtained and recorded as XbestAnd remain to the next generation;
step 3.2: the position of the bird nest is updated according to the Levy flight,
meanwhile, calculating the fitness value of the updated bird nest, comparing the fitness value with the fitness value of the previous generation, and updating the position if the fitness value is better;
step 3.3: randomly generating a number r subject to uniform distribution, if r is greater than Pa, updating the position of the bird nest according to the following formula,
obtaining all updated bird nest positionsDevice for placing
If r<Pa, keeping the nest unchanged, calculating the fitness value of the updated nest, and judging the current optimal nest XbestWhether the adaptive value of (A) is better than that of the previous generation or not, and if so, keeping the optimal nest position;
step 3.4: and judging whether the termination condition is met. If the current iteration time t is larger than K, outputting a global optimal solution, otherwise, turning to the step 3.2 to continue the iteration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the description of the invention, compared with the prior art, the method takes the ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment as the objective function, establishes the power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximum ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment, solves the power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model, and plans the installation positions and the installation quantity of the two-remote power distribution terminal and the three-remote power distribution terminal, so that the optimal configuration scheme meeting the economical efficiency and the reliability can be obtained, and the method has certain guiding significance for the actual power distribution automatic planning work.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for optimally configuring distribution terminal devices of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a method for optimally configuring distribution terminal devices of a distribution network, including the following steps:
step 1, taking the ratio of the reliability promotion degree of a power distribution system to the comprehensive cost of newly-added terminal equipment as an evaluation standard, and establishing a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximized ratio of the reliability promotion degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly-added terminal equipment;
step 2, normalizing the reliability improvement degree and the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment to obtain a normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model;
step 3, solving the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model by using a cuckoo search algorithm;
and 4, planning the installation of the two-remote power distribution terminal and the three-remote power distribution terminal through the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model to obtain an optimal planning scheme of the power distribution terminal.
The invention takes the ratio of the reliability promotion degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment as an objective function, establishes a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximized ratio of the reliability promotion degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment, solves the power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model, and plans the installation positions and the installation quantities of the two-remote power distribution terminal and the three-remote power distribution terminal at the same time, can obtain an optimal configuration scheme meeting the economical efficiency and the reliability, and has certain guiding significance for the actual power distribution automatic planning work.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it may also have the following additional technical features:
in this embodiment, in step 1, the calculation formula of the evaluation criterion is:
in the formula, I is the ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment; the delta ASAI is the reliability improvement degree of the system; and C is the comprehensive cost of newly adding a certain power distribution terminal device.
In this embodiment, in step 1, the reliability of the power distribution system is described by using an average power supply availability ratio ASAI, and a calculation formula of the reliability ASAI of the power distribution system and a reliability improvement factor Δ ASAI of the power distribution system is as follows:
ΔASAI＝ASAI1-ASAI0
in the formula, TU,mMean time to year of outage, N, for load point mCNumber of total load points, NmNumber of users, ASAI, at load point m1Reliability when installing distribution terminals for systems, ASAI0Reliability when the power distribution terminal is not installed in the system.
In this embodiment, in step 1, the total cost of newly adding a distribution network terminal device includes 3 parts of equipment investment cost, operation maintenance cost, and power outage loss cost, and the calculation formula is:
C＝CF+CM+CL
wherein C is the comprehensive cost of newly adding a power distribution network terminal device, CFFor equipment investment costs, CMFor operating maintenance costs, CLThe cost is lost for power failure.
In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the equipment investment cost is,
in the formula, N1And N2The number of the 'two remote' terminal and the 'three remote' terminal, PF1Investing the current unit price for the 'two remote' terminal, including the cost of communication equipment and other auxiliary equipment, PF2The current unit price is invested for the 'three remote' terminal, the cost of auxiliary equipment including an electric operating mechanism, a voltage transformer, a communication device and the like is included, s represents the operation age of the equipment, and i is the discount rate.
In this embodiment, the calculation formula of the operation and maintenance cost is as follows:
CM＝(N1PF1+N2PF2)·η
in the formula, N1And N2The number of the 'two remote' terminal and the 'three remote' terminal, PF1For "two remote" terminal investment current unit price, including communication equipment and other auxiliary equipmentCost, PF2The current unit price is invested for the 'three remote' terminal, the cost of auxiliary equipment including an electric operating mechanism, a voltage transformer, a communication device and the like is included, and eta is the proportion of operation and maintenance cost in the equipment investment cost.
In this embodiment, the formula for calculating the power outage loss cost is as follows:
in the formula, N is the number of system users; ENSjThe average electric quantity of the system user j which is short of supply due to power failure is obtained through reliability evaluation calculation; cPThe average power failure loss cost of the unit electric quantity of the system user is obtained.
In this embodiment, in step 2, the normalized model of the system reliability improvement degree is:
wherein Δ ASAI' is the normalized system reliability enhancement, ASAIminIs a minimum system reliability indicator with a value equal to the reliability of the system without any distribution terminals installed, ASAImaxThe system reliability index is the maximum system reliability index, and the value of the index is equal to the system reliability when the system is completely provided with three remote power distribution terminals;
the normalization model of the comprehensive cost of the newly added power distribution network terminal equipment is as follows:
wherein C' is the combined cost after normalization, CminFor minimum combined cost, CmaxThe maximum comprehensive cost is achieved;
the normalized distribution network terminal equipment configuration model is as follows:
in this embodiment, in step 3, the step of solving the normalized distribution network terminal device configuration model by using the cuckoo search algorithm CSA is as follows:
step 3.1: initializing CSA population and parameters including maximum iteration number K, nest number d, and bird egg discovery probability PaRandomly generating d bird nests X according to the value range of the decision variables0(x0 1,x0 2,x0 3,…,x0 d)TEach nest corresponds to a group of power distribution terminal installation types and position values, the fitness value of each nest is calculated according to the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model, the initial global optimal nest position is obtained and recorded as XbestAnd remain to the next generation;
step 3.2: the position of the bird nest is updated according to the Levy flight,
meanwhile, calculating the fitness value of the updated bird nest, comparing the fitness value with the fitness value of the previous generation, and updating the position if the fitness value is better;
step 3.3: randomly generating a number r subject to uniform distribution, if r is greater than Pa, updating the position of the bird nest according to the following formula,
obtaining all updated nest positions
If r<Pa, keeping the nest unchanged, calculating the fitness value of the updated nest, and judging the current optimal nest XbestWhether the adaptive value of (A) is better than that of the previous generation or not, and if so, keeping the optimal nest position;
step 3.4: and judging whether the termination condition is met. If the current iteration time t is larger than K, outputting a global optimal solution, otherwise, turning to the step 3.2 to continue the iteration.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention, the following more detailed description of the invention is provided:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a power distribution network terminal device configuration method according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: and taking the ratio of the reliability improvement degree of the power distribution system to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment as an evaluation standard, and establishing a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximum ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment. The comprehensive cost of newly adding a power distribution network terminal device comprises 3 parts of equipment investment cost, operation maintenance cost and power failure loss cost. Meanwhile, in order to eliminate the influence of the dimension on the final result, the system reliability improvement degree and the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment are normalized, and a normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model is obtained. And solving the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model by adopting a cuckoo search algorithm with light dependence on preset parameters. The normalized distribution network terminal equipment configuration model plans the installation positions and the installation quantity of the two-remote distribution terminal and the three-remote distribution terminal at the same time, and can find the optimal distribution terminal planning scheme which gives consideration to both reliability and economy.
In particular to a model of an optimal configuration method of distribution terminal equipment of a power distribution network,
the purpose of the distribution network terminal equipment configuration is to determine the installation location and type of the optimal distribution network terminal equipment which meets the requirements of reliability and economy. On the premise of both reliability and economy, the distribution terminal configuration optimization model objective function also comprises different typical strategies.
The invention establishes a power distribution automatic terminal configuration model with the maximized ratio of reliability promotion degree to comprehensive cost of newly-added terminal equipment:
in the formula, I is the ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment; the delta ASAI is the reliability improvement degree of the system; and C is the comprehensive cost of newly adding a certain power distribution terminal device.
The average power availability index (ASAI) is used as a reliability index. The system ASAI and the system reliability improvement Δ ASAI are calculated as follows:
ΔASAI＝ASAI1-ASAI0 (3)
in the formula, TU,mThe annual average outage time at load point m; n is a radical ofCCounting the total load points; n is a radical ofmThe number of users at load point m. ASAI1Reliability when installing a power distribution terminal for a system; ASAI0Reliability when the system is not provided with a power distribution terminal;
wherein, the comprehensive cost C of newly adding a distribution terminal device comprises 3 parts of equipment investment cost, operation maintenance cost and power failure loss cost. The concrete form is as follows:
investment cost of equipment CF：
In the formula, N1And N2The number of the 'two remote' terminal and the 'three remote' terminal are respectively; pF1The current unit price is invested for the 'two remote' terminal, including the cost of communication devices and other auxiliary equipment; pF2The current unit price is invested for the 'three remote' terminal, and the cost of auxiliary equipment such as an electric operating mechanism, a voltage transformer, a communication device and the like is included; s represents the operational age of the device; and i is the discount rate.
Operating maintenance cost CM：
CM＝(N1PF1+N2PF2)·η (5)
Wherein eta is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost in the equipment investment cost.
Loss of power failure cost CL：
In the formula, N is the number of system users; pjThe average load for system user j; ENSjThe average electric quantity of the system user j which is short of supply due to power failure is obtained through reliability evaluation calculation; cPThe average power failure loss cost of the unit electric quantity of the system user is obtained.
The calculation formula of the comprehensive cost C of the newly added power distribution terminal equipment is as follows:
C＝CF+CM+CL (7)
in order to eliminate the influence of the dimension on the final result, the system reliability improvement degree and the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment are normalized, and a normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model is obtained, wherein the specific form is as follows:
the normalization of the system reliability improvement degree delta ASAI,
in the formula, Δ ASAI' is the normalized system reliability improvement degree; ASAIminThe system reliability index is the minimum system reliability index, and the value of the system reliability index is equal to the reliability of the system when no power distribution terminal is installed; ASAImaxThe system reliability index is the maximum system reliability index, and the value of the system reliability index is equal to the system reliability when the system is completely provided with three remote power distribution terminals.
The normalization of the comprehensive cost C of the newly added terminal equipment,
in the formula, C' is the comprehensive cost after normalization; cminThe minimum comprehensive cost is achieved; cmaxThe maximum comprehensive cost is achieved.
The objective function of the power distribution terminal optimization configuration model is,
the constraint conditions of the power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model are system reliability constraint, node voltage constraint, branch overload constraint and the requirement of tree-shaped operation constraint.
The configuration model of the power distribution network terminal equipment provided by the invention is a nonlinear and multi-constraint optimization problem. When the candidate installation positions of the power distribution terminals are more, the problem of combined explosion is faced when the optimization model is solved. Intelligent algorithms such as genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm and the like are effective means for solving the problem. However, these algorithms rely heavily on preset parameters and their random search process does not combine the local search random process with the global search random process well. The Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is an emerging heuristic intelligent algorithm, only has one preset parameter except for the population quantity, the search path of the CSA is different from that of a common algorithm, a Levy flight search mode with strong randomness is used, and the optimization capability of the algorithm can be effectively improved. The invention adopts CSA to solve the configuration model of the terminal equipment of the power distribution network.
CSA has essentially 3 elements: the selection is optimal, with local random moves and random selection by global Levy flight. Let xi(xi1,xi2,…,xin) Is the randomly generated nest position (i.e., the random initial solution of the problem), where n is the number of decision variables for the problem to be solved, and in the present invention, n is the number of candidate sectionalizing switches for installing the power distribution terminal.
The random search process for CSA is as follows:
in the formula: s is the step size; t represents the number of iterations;
to representPoint-to-point multiplication; l (λ) follows a Levy distribution.
The formula for L (λ) is as follows:
in the formula:
is equal to xt iRandom sequences of the same length; v compliance
Distribution, σv1 is ═ 1; u obey
Distribution, σuThe value is calculated by equation (13).
In the formula: gamma function as a standard; β is a parameter controlling the stochastic process and is typically taken to be 1.5, and β ═ λ -1.
The CSA-based power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model solving steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: initializing CSA population and parameters including maximum iteration number K, nest number d, and bird egg discovery probability Pa. Randomly generating d bird nests X according to the value range of the decision variables0(x0 1,x0 2,x0 3,…,x0 d)TEach nest corresponds to a set of power distribution terminal installation types and location values. Calculating the fitness value of each nest according to the formula (10), and acquiring the initial global optimal nest position which is recorded as XbestAnd remain to the next generation.
Step two: the position of the bird nest is updated according to Levy flight equation (11),
and meanwhile, calculating the fitness value of the updated bird nest, comparing the fitness value with the fitness value of the previous generation, and updating the position if the fitness value is better.
Step three: randomly generating a number r whose number is subject to uniform distribution if r>Pa, updating the positions of the nests according to the formula (14) to obtain all updated positions of the nests
If r<Pa, the bird nest remains unchanged. Then calculating the fitness value of the updated bird nest and judging the current optimal bird nest XbestIf the adaptation value of (a) is better than that of the previous generation, and if so, the optimal nest position is retained.
Step four: and judging whether the termination condition is met. And if the current iteration time t is greater than K, outputting a global optimal solution, and otherwise, continuing to iterate in the second step.
It should be noted that the installation situation of the terminal configuration of each section switch in the model has the following 3 situations: the electric terminal is not assembled, and the two-remote terminal and the three-remote terminal are installed. Therefore, the conventional binary encoding method is no longer applicable. The invention adopts a floating point coding mode to code the decision variable, namely, a floating point range [0,3] is set, wherein [0,1] represents an instable electric terminal, [1,2] represents a 'two-remote' power distribution terminal, and [2,3] represents a 'three-remote' power distribution terminal.
In order to better explain the scheme of the invention, the invention adopts an IEEE RBTS BUS2 calculation system to describe the implementation mode of the invention in detail.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention adopts an IEEE RBTS BUS2 calculation system, which can refer to the corresponding content in Allan R N, Billingon R, Sjarief I, et al.
The system has "three remote" distribution terminals installed at both the feeder outlet switch and the tie switch, and has sectionalizers installed at 14 main line head ends, i.e., lines {1, 4, 7, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 21, 24, 26, 29, 32, 34}, then the location of the distribution terminal to be installed is 14 main line head ends. The current value unit price of the 'three remote' terminal investment is 5.4 ten thousand yuan/group, and the current value unit price of the 'two remote' terminal investment is 1.05 ten thousand yuan/group. The operation and maintenance rate is 3%. The pasting rate is 10 percent. The equipment operation time limit is 10 years. The average power failure loss cost of the unit electric quantity of a system user is 25 yuan/(kW & h). When the power automation terminal is not installed, the fault processing time is 3 hours, the two-remote power distribution terminal is installed, the fault processing time is 1 hour, the three-remote power distribution terminal is installed, and the fault processing time is 0.05 hour. The lowest reliability index given by the system is 99.9450%. CSA parameter setting: the maximum number of iterations is taken as 100, the number of nests is taken as 60 and the bird egg discovery probability is taken as 0.25.
Table 1 shows the results of solving the configured model of the distribution network terminal device by the cuckoo search algorithm; table 2 shows comparison results of four schemes, where scheme 1 is to install no electric automation terminal, scheme 2 is to install all "two remote" distribution terminals, scheme 3 is to install all "three remote" distribution terminals, and scheme 4 is a model established by the present invention, that is, to configure both "two remote" and "three remote" terminals; table 3 shows the results of solving the power distribution network terminal device configuration model by using the three algorithms, where PSO is a particle swarm algorithm, FA is a firefly algorithm, and CSA is a cuckoo search algorithm used in the present invention.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
As can be seen from Table 2, the installation of the distribution network terminal equipment can effectively improve the power supply reliability of the system, thereby reducing the power failure loss of users. Scheme 2 is that the 14 main lines are all provided with the two-remote power distribution terminals, the comprehensive cost is the lowest, but the reliability does not meet the lowest reliability requirement given in system planning. And 3, all the 'three remote' power distribution terminals are installed, the reliability of the system is highest, the power failure loss of a user is minimum, the equipment investment cost and the comprehensive cost are highest, and the scheme of all the 'three remote' terminals is not an optimal scheme in the whole view. Scheme 4 simultaneously configures the 'two remote' and 'three remote' terminals, and the obtained configuration scheme not only meets the minimum reliability requirement given by the system, but also ensures the economy, and has application value in practical engineering.
As can be seen from table 3, the ratio of the reliability improvement degree obtained by the CSA to the comprehensive cost of the newly added distribution network terminal device is the largest, so the CSA obtains the optimal solution of the distribution network terminal device configuration model. Compared with the optimal solution obtained from the algorithm in terms of the number of iterations, the CSA adopted by the method is not as good as the FA algorithm, but the comprehensive cost is the lowest on the premise that the distribution terminal configuration result obtained by the CSA meets the reliability. The simulation experiments show that the CSA adopted by the invention can effectively solve the optimal solution of the model, and the quality of the optimal solution is superior to that of other intelligent algorithms.
In combination with the analysis, the invention takes the ratio of the reliability improvement degree of the power distribution system to the comprehensive cost of the newly added power distribution network terminal equipment as an evaluation standard, establishes a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximum ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added power distribution network terminal equipment, and plans the installation positions and the installation quantity of the 'two-remote' power distribution terminal and the 'three-remote' power distribution terminal. And solving the model by adopting a cuckoo search algorithm. Through example analysis, the overall optimal solution can be searched more effectively compared with the cuckoo search algorithm of other intelligent algorithms; the optimal configuration scheme meeting the economical efficiency and the reliability can be obtained by simultaneously configuring the two-remote power distribution terminal and the three-remote power distribution terminal, and the method has certain guiding significance on the actual power distribution automatic planning work.
The above additional technical features can be freely combined and used in superposition by those skilled in the art without conflict.
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A power distribution terminal equipment optimal configuration method of a power distribution network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, taking the ratio of the reliability promotion degree of a power distribution system to the comprehensive cost of newly-added terminal equipment as an evaluation standard, and establishing a power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model with the maximized ratio of the reliability promotion degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly-added terminal equipment;
step 2, normalizing the reliability improvement degree and the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment to obtain a normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model;
step 3, solving the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model by using a cuckoo search algorithm;
and 4, planning the installation of the two-remote power distribution terminal and the three-remote power distribution terminal through the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model to obtain an optimal planning scheme of the power distribution terminal.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the evaluation criterion is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, I is the ratio of the reliability improvement degree to the comprehensive cost of the newly added terminal equipment; the delta ASAI is the reliability improvement degree of the system; and C is the comprehensive cost of newly adding a certain power distribution terminal device.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step 1, the reliability of the power distribution system is described by an average power supply availability ratio ASAI, and the reliability ASAI of the power distribution system and the reliability improvement factor Δ ASAI of the power distribution system are calculated by the following formula:
ΔASAI＝ASAI1-ASAI0
in the formula, TU,mMean time to year of outage, N, for load point mCNumber of total load points, NmNumber of users, ASAI, at load point m1Reliability when installing distribution terminals for systems, ASAI0Reliability when the power distribution terminal is not installed in the system.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 1, the total cost of adding a new distribution network terminal device includes 3 parts of equipment investment cost, operation maintenance cost and power failure loss cost, and the calculation formula is:
C＝CF+CM+CL
wherein C is the comprehensive cost of newly adding a power distribution network terminal device, CFFor equipment investment costs, CMFor operating maintenance costs, CLThe cost is lost for power failure.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the equipment investment cost is calculated by the following formula,
in the formula, N1And N2The number of the 'two remote' terminal and the 'three remote' terminal, PF1For the 'two remote' terminal investment current unit price, PF2The current value unit price of terminal investment is 'three remote', s represents the operation age of the equipment, and i is the discount rate.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the operation and maintenance cost is as follows:
CM＝(N1PF1+N2PF2)·η
in the formula, N1And N2The number of the 'two remote' terminal and the 'three remote' terminal, PF1For the 'two remote' terminal investment current unit price, PF2The current unit price of the terminal investment of three remote systems is shown, and eta is the proportion of the operation and maintenance cost in the equipment investment cost.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the power outage loss cost is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, N is the number of system users; ENSjThe average electric quantity of the system user j which is short of supply due to power failure is obtained through reliability evaluation calculation; cPThe average power failure loss cost of the unit electric quantity of the system user is obtained.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step 2, the normalized model of the system reliability improvement degree is:
wherein Δ ASAI' is the normalized system reliability enhancement, ASAIminIs a minimum system reliability indicator with a value equal to the reliability of the system without any distribution terminals installed, ASAImaxThe system reliability index is the maximum system reliability index, and the value of the index is equal to the system reliability when the system is completely provided with three remote power distribution terminals;
the normalization model of the comprehensive cost of the newly added power distribution network terminal equipment is as follows:
wherein C' is the combined cost after normalization, CminFor minimum combined cost, CmaxThe maximum comprehensive cost is achieved;
the normalized distribution network terminal equipment configuration model is as follows:
9. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 3, the step of solving the normalized distribution network terminal device configuration model by using the cuckoo search algorithm CSA comprises:
step 3.1: initializing CSA population and parameters including maximum iteration number K, nest number d, and bird egg discovery probability PaRandomly generating d bird nests X according to the value range of the decision variables0(x0 1,x0 2,x0 3,…,x0 d)TEach nest corresponds to a group of power distribution terminal installation types and position values, the fitness value of each nest is calculated according to the normalized power distribution network terminal equipment configuration model, the initial global optimal nest position is obtained and recorded as XbestAnd remain to the next generation;
step 3.2: updating the nest position, X, according to Levy flightt(xt 1,xt 2,xt 3,…,xt d)TMeanwhile, calculating the fitness value of the updated bird nest, comparing the fitness value with the fitness value of the previous generation, and updating the position if the fitness value is better;
step 3.3: randomly generating a number r subject to uniform distribution, if r is greater than Pa, updating the position of the bird nest according to the following formula,
obtaining all updated nest positions
If r<Pa, keeping the nest unchanged, calculating the fitness value of the updated nest, and judging the current optimal nest XbestWhether the adaptive value of (A) is better than that of the previous generation or not, and if so, keeping the optimal nest position;
step 3.4: and judging whether the termination condition is met, if the current iteration time t is more than K, outputting a global optimal solution, and otherwise, turning to the step 3.2 to continue the iteration.
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