CN112001093B - Digital twinning-based rotary blade optimization design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for optimally designing a rotary blade based on digital twins includes the steps of firstly constructing a physical space, a virtual space, an information space and a service space, mapping and coupling the four spaces, monitoring the full life cycle of the rotary blade through the physical space, then generating twins data through the information space after information collected by the physical space is processed through the virtual space, and driving the service space through the twins data to achieve dynamic optimal design of relevant parameters of the rotary blade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optimization design of mechanical equipment, in particular to a rotary blade optimization design method based on digital twinning.
Background
The rotary blade is one of the key parts of the rotary cultivator and is the undertaker for soil cutting action in the cultivation process. The rotary blade rotating at high speed cuts soil to complete a series of work such as turning soil, breaking soil, leveling land, weeding and the like. Since the soil often contains obstacles such as plant roots, stalks, stones and the like and the physical properties of the soil are complex, the rotary blade rotating at a high speed not only bears complex external force, moment and various impact loads, but also is easy to generate phenomena such as self vibration, system resonance and the like, so that the stress strain state is very complex. Therefore, how to acquire the full life cycle information of the rotary tillage blades is realized, the working state of the rotary tillage blades and the soil change in the tillage process are monitored, the tillage process is simulated on the basis, the tillage process is described from multiple dimensions and multiple scales, and the optimization design service of the rotary tillage blades is greatly influenced.
The digital twin technology is one of the key enabling technologies for realizing the information physical fusion, has gradually been widely accepted and researched by academia, and is successfully applied to many fields. Meanwhile, the five-dimensional digital twin model comprises a physical entity, a virtual model, twin data, connection and service, and the change of the physical entity in a real environment can be described from multiple dimensions, multiple time scales and multiple space scales, so that how to apply the digital twin technology to the field of optimal design of the rotary blade, further systematically acquire the full life cycle information of the rotary blade, realize physical information fusion, and optimally design related parameters of the rotary blade becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a rotary blade optimization design method based on digital twinning, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
The technical problem solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for optimally designing a rotary blade based on digital twins includes the steps of firstly constructing a physical space, a virtual space, an information space and a service space, then processing information collected by the physical space in the virtual space, generating twins data by the information space, driving the service space through the twins data, and achieving dynamic optimal design of relevant parameters of the rotary blade, wherein the method includes the following specific steps:
1) Real-time acquisition of full lifecycle data for rotary blades
The physical space is used for collecting design data of different types of rotary tillage blades and collecting the requirements of different users in the whole life cycle of the rotary tillage blades, meanwhile, in the actual agricultural tillage process, the working condition and the soil change condition of the rotary tillage blades are monitored in real time through the sensor module, and reasonable tillage indexes are established according to the actual tillage effect;
2) Processing the acquired data
The virtual space is a mirror image of the physical space and is used for sorting, analyzing and expanding data acquired by the physical space, a rotary blade database is established according to different types of rotary blade design data acquired in the step 1), requirement information of a user is further analyzed and summarized, a high-fidelity simulation model is established according to the data acquired in real time, and a rotary blade behavior rule base is established based on the actual farming process and the simulation process;
3) Generating twin data
The information space is used for storing and processing information of the physical space, the virtual space and the service space, all the information is transmitted to the information space in real time, the information space is used for sorting, analyzing and fusing the real-time information, and therefore twin data is generated, and meanwhile the twin data interacts with other spaces in real time;
4) Establishing a virtual simulation model to evaluate the performance of the rotary blade
The service space is driven by twin data of the information space, so that an initial parameter set of the rotary blade is obtained, an important parameter set is obtained through experimental design, then the parameter set is optimized through an algorithm, the optimization result is verified and analyzed, after the verification and analysis are passed, a virtual simulation model is established according to the optimization result, finally performance evaluation is carried out on the rotary blade by combining with the behavior rule of the rotary blade, and dynamic optimization design of related parameters of the rotary blade is achieved.
In the invention, the specific process of acquiring the full life cycle data of the rotary blade in real time in the physical space is as follows:
step 1-1, collecting design data of different types of rotary tillage cutters, wherein the design data of the rotary tillage cutters comprises geometrical parameters, processing parameters and assembly parameters of the rotary tillage cutters, the geometrical parameters comprise cutter roller turning radius, rotary tillage cutter handle part design, side cutting edge curve, tangent cutting edge curve, rotary tillage cutter back edge curve, rotary tillage cutter slip angle and rotary tillage cutter clearance angle, the processing parameters comprise rotary tillage cutter materials, a manufacturing method and a heat treatment mode, and the assembly parameters comprise rotary tillage cutter mounting positions, rotary tillage cutter mounting modes and rotary tillage cutter arrangement modes;
step 1-2, collecting requirements of different users, wherein the user requirements comprise developer requirements, manufacturer requirements, salesman requirements and farmer requirements, the development designer requirements comprise rotary blade functions, application environments, simulation prediction and cost expectation, the manufacturer requirements comprise manufacturing processes, manufacturing costs, maintenance modes and recycling, the salesman requirements comprise market trends, regional distribution, time distribution and use preference, and the farmer requirements comprise working effects, safety protection, farming costs and individual requirements;
step 1-3, a sensor acquisition module is arranged, sensor data are acquired in real time through a wireless transmission or wired transmission technology, the sensor acquisition module comprises a soil monitoring module and a rotary blade monitoring module, the soil monitoring module comprises monitoring on soil humidity, soil temperature and soil firmness, the soil sensors are installed in an agricultural field in a distributed mode, and the rotary blade monitoring module comprises monitoring on stress strain, torque, acceleration and displacement of the rotary blade;
step 1-4, establishing tillage indexes, wherein the tillage indexes are obtained by analyzing actual tillage effects and comprise tillage depth, land flatness, blade grass winding conditions and power consumption.
In the present invention, the virtual space processes the acquired data, and the specific process is as follows:
step 2-1, constructing a rotary blade database, wherein the rotary blade database consists of a two-dimensional model and a three-dimensional model, the two-dimensional model is drawn through drawing software such as CAD (computer-aided design), and the rotary blade database is established through three-dimensional software SolidWorks on the basis of the two-dimensional model;
step 2-2, constructing a demand analysis library, wherein the demand analysis library is a database obtained after information value increment and analysis are carried out on user demands and comprises functions, expected cost, a manufacturing process, a use effect and individual demands;
step 2-3, constructing a high-fidelity simulation model, wherein the high-fidelity simulation model comprises a static simulation model library and a dynamic simulation model library, the static simulation model library is established by ANSYS, stress and strain data of the rotary blade, rotary blade strength data and rotary blade rigidity data are collected in real time, the dynamic simulation model library is established by LS-DYNA, and soil particle displacement data, power consumption data and rotary blade stress and strain data in the virtual cultivation process of the rotary blade are collected in real time;
and 2-4, establishing a rotary blade behavior rule base, wherein the behavior rules comprise a rotary blade kinematic equation, a kinetic equation, a domain knowledge base and a historical database.
In the invention, the specific flow of the information space twin data generation is as follows:
step 3-1, the information space collects the information fed back by the physical space, the virtual space and the service space in real time, and the obtained information is processed in a sorting, value-added and other modes;
and 3-2, analyzing and fusing the processed information to establish twin data, wherein the twin data comprises all data generated in the whole rotary blade optimization design process, and the twin data drives a service space in real time.
In the invention, the service space carries out performance evaluation on the rotary blade, and the specific flow is as follows:
step 4-1, establishing an initial parameter set of the rotary blade according to twin data output by the information space, obtaining an important parameter set through experimental design, and simultaneously performing rotary blade behavior rule analysis on the fused twin data to establish a behavior rule model of the rotary blade; establishing an approximate model of a rotary blade parameter set and cultivation indexes such as cultivation power, soil disturbance degree and the like by utilizing a neural network, optimizing the approximate model by combining a genetic algorithm, and if calculation can be converged, obtaining an optimized parameter set of the rotary blade, namely entering an analysis and verification link; if convergence is not possible, returning twin data, and optimizing parameters again to finally generate a rotary blade optimized rotary blade parameter set;
step 4-2, performing data abnormal value analysis on the rotary blade optimization parameter set generated in the step 4-1), if the optimized parameter set meets the actual production and manufacturing requirements, establishing a rotary blade database, a physical model, a behavior model and a rule model by using the optimized parameter set, and performing simulation analysis;
and 4-3) extracting simulation data such as a rotary blade stress-strain curve, a soil particle displacement curve and the like according to the simulation analysis result in the step 4-2) and carrying out numerical analysis, evaluating performances such as rotary blade abrasion, stress-strain, farming effect and the like according to a rotary blade behavior rule base, entering a production and manufacturing link if the analysis verification and the performance evaluation meet expectations, returning twin data if the analysis verification and the performance evaluation do not meet the expectations, and carrying out parameter optimization again.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, the physical space is used for monitoring the full life cycle of the rotary blade, then the information acquired in the physical space is processed in the virtual space, twin data is generated in the information space, and the service space is driven by the twin data, so that the dynamic optimization design of the relevant parameters of the rotary blade is realized, and thus the problems of empirical optimization design, long design cycle and high design cost of the rotary blade can be solved more comprehensively and systematically.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a model for optimizing design of a rotary blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a user demand model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an optimal design process of the rotary blade in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sensor acquisition module in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to be understood and clear, the invention is further described by combining the specific embodiments.
A rotary blade optimal design method based on digital twins comprises the steps of firstly constructing a physical space, a virtual space, an information space and a service space, then sorting, summarizing and analyzing information collected by the physical space in the virtual space, generating twins data by the information space, and driving the service space by the twins data to realize dynamic optimal design of relevant parameters of the rotary blade, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Real-time acquisition of full lifecycle data for rotary blades
The physical space is used for collecting design data of different types of rotary blades and collecting the requirements of different users in the whole life cycle of the rotary blades, meanwhile, in the actual agricultural cultivation process, the working condition and the soil change condition of the rotary blades are monitored in real time through the sensor module, and reasonable cultivation indexes are established according to the actual cultivation effect; the specific process is as follows:
step 1-1, collecting design data of different types of rotary tillage cutters, wherein the design data of the rotary tillage cutters comprises geometrical parameters, processing parameters and assembly parameters of the rotary tillage cutters, the geometrical parameters comprise cutter roller turning radius, rotary tillage cutter handle part design, side cutting edge curve, tangent cutting edge curve, rotary tillage cutter back edge curve, rotary tillage cutter slip angle and rotary tillage cutter clearance angle, the processing parameters comprise rotary tillage cutter materials, a manufacturing method and a heat treatment mode, and the assembly parameters comprise rotary tillage cutter mounting positions, rotary tillage cutter mounting modes and rotary tillage cutter arrangement modes;
step 1-2, collecting requirements of different users, wherein the user requirements comprise developer requirements, manufacturer requirements, salesman requirements and farmer requirements, the development designer requirements comprise rotary blade functions, application environments, simulation prediction and cost expectation, the manufacturer requirements comprise manufacturing processes, manufacturing costs, maintenance modes and recycling, the salesman requirements comprise market trends, regional distribution, time distribution and use preference, and the farmer requirements comprise working effects, safety protection, farming costs and individual requirements;
step 1-3, a sensor acquisition module is arranged, and sensor data are acquired in real time through a wireless or wired (such as a local area network and a ZigBee network) transmission technology, wherein the sensor acquisition module comprises a soil monitoring module and a rotary blade monitoring module, the soil monitoring module comprises monitoring on soil humidity, soil temperature and soil firmness, the soil sensors are arranged in a farmland in a distributed mode, and the rotary blade monitoring module comprises monitoring on stress strain, torque, acceleration and displacement of a rotary blade;
step 1-4, establishing farming indexes, wherein the farming indexes are obtained by analyzing the actual farming effect and comprise farming depth, land flatness, blade grass winding condition and power consumption;
2) The obtained data is sorted, summarized and analyzed
The virtual space is a mirror image of the physical space and is used for sorting, analyzing and expanding data acquired by the physical space, establishing a rotary blade database according to the acquired design data of different types of rotary blades, further analyzing and summarizing the demand information of a user, establishing a high-fidelity simulation model according to the data acquired in real time, and establishing a rotary blade behavior rule base based on the actual cultivation process and the simulation process; the specific process is as follows:
step 2-1, constructing a rotary blade database, wherein the rotary blade database consists of a two-dimensional model and a three-dimensional model, the two-dimensional model is drawn through drawing software such as CAD (computer-aided design), and the rotary blade database is established through three-dimensional software SolidWorks on the basis of the two-dimensional model;
step 2-2, constructing a demand analysis library, wherein the demand analysis library is a database obtained after information value increment and analysis are carried out on user demands and comprises functions, expected cost, a manufacturing process, a use effect and individual demands;
step 2-3, constructing a high-fidelity simulation model, wherein the high-fidelity simulation model comprises a static simulation model library and a dynamic simulation model library, the static simulation model library is established by ANSYS, stress and strain data of the rotary blade, rotary blade strength data and rotary blade rigidity data are collected in real time, the dynamic simulation model library is established by LS-DYNA, and soil particle displacement data, power consumption data and rotary blade stress and strain data in the virtual cultivation process of the rotary blade are collected in real time;
step 2-4, establishing a rotary blade behavior rule base, wherein the behavior rules comprise a rotary blade kinematic equation, a kinetic equation, a domain knowledge base and a historical database;
3) Generating twin data
The information space is used for storing and processing information of the physical space, the virtual space and the service space, all the information is transmitted to the information space in real time, the information space is used for sorting, analyzing and fusing the real-time information, and therefore twin data is generated, and meanwhile the twin data interacts with other spaces in real time; the specific process is as follows:
step 3-1, the information space collects the information fed back by the physical space, the virtual space and the service space in real time, and the obtained information is processed in a sorting, value-added and other modes;
step 3-2, analyzing and fusing the processed information to establish twin data, wherein the twin data comprises all data generated in the whole rotary blade optimization design process, and the twin data drives a service space in real time;
4) Establishing a virtual simulation model, and evaluating the performance of the rotary blade
The service space is driven by twin data of the information space, so that an initial parameter set of the rotary blade is obtained, an important parameter set is obtained through test design, then the parameter set is optimized through an algorithm, verification analysis is carried out on an optimization result, after the verification analysis is passed, a virtual simulation model is established according to the optimization result, and finally performance evaluation is carried out on the rotary blade by combining with a behavior rule of the rotary blade, so that dynamic optimization design on related parameters of the rotary blade is realized; the specific process is as follows:
step 4-1, establishing an initial parameter set of the rotary blade according to twin data output by the information space, obtaining an important parameter set through experimental design, and simultaneously performing rotary blade behavior rule analysis on the fused twin data to establish a behavior rule model of the rotary blade; establishing an approximate model of a rotary blade parameter set and cultivation indexes such as cultivation power, soil disturbance degree and the like by utilizing a neural network, optimizing the approximate model by combining a genetic algorithm, and if calculation can be converged, obtaining an optimized parameter set of the rotary blade, namely entering an analysis and verification link; if convergence is not possible, returning twin data, and optimizing parameters again to finally generate a rotary blade optimized rotary blade parameter set;
step 4-2, performing data abnormal value analysis on the rotary blade optimization parameter set generated in the step 4-1), if the optimized parameter set meets the actual production and manufacturing requirements, establishing a rotary blade database, a physical model, a behavior model and a rule model by using the optimized parameter set, and performing simulation analysis;
and 4-3) extracting simulation data such as a rotary blade stress-strain curve, a soil particle displacement curve and the like according to the simulation analysis result in the step 4-2), carrying out numerical analysis, evaluating performances such as rotary blade abrasion, stress-strain, farming effect and the like according to a rotary blade behavior rule base, entering a production and manufacturing link if the analysis verification and the performance evaluation are in accordance with expectations, returning twin data if the analysis verification and the performance evaluation are not in accordance with expectations, and carrying out parameter optimization again.
Claims (5)
1. A rotary blade optimization design method based on digital twin is characterized in that a physical space, a virtual space, an information space and a service space are constructed firstly, then twin data are generated from the information space after information collected by the physical space is processed in the virtual space, and the service space is driven by the twin data, so that dynamic optimization design of relevant parameters of the rotary blade is realized;
the physical space acquires the full life cycle data and the soil change data of the rotary blade;
the virtual space is a mirror image of the physical space and is used for processing data acquired by the physical space;
the information space is used for storing and processing information of a physical space, a virtual space and a service space and generating twin data;
the service space is driven by twin data of the information space, after optimization and verification analysis, a virtual simulation model is established according to the optimization result, and finally performance evaluation is carried out on the rotary blade by combining with the behavior rule of the rotary blade;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Real-time acquisition of full lifecycle data for rotary blades
The physical space is used for collecting design data of different types of rotary tillage blades and collecting the requirements of different users in the whole life cycle of the rotary tillage blades, meanwhile, in the actual agricultural tillage process, the working condition and the soil change condition of the rotary tillage blades are monitored in real time through the sensor module, and reasonable tillage indexes are established according to the actual tillage effect; the specific process for acquiring the full life cycle data of the rotary blade in real time in the physical space comprises the following steps:
step 1-1, collecting design parameters of different types of rotary tillage cutters, wherein the design parameters of the rotary tillage cutters comprise geometrical parameters, processing parameters and assembly parameters of the rotary tillage cutters, the geometrical parameters comprise cutter roller turning radius, rotary tillage cutter handle part design, side cutting edge curve, tangent cutting edge curve, rotary tillage cutter back edge curve, rotary tillage cutter slip angle and rotary tillage cutter clearance angle, the processing parameters comprise rotary tillage cutter materials, a manufacturing method and a heat treatment mode, and the assembly parameters comprise rotary tillage cutter mounting positions, rotary tillage cutter mounting modes and rotary tillage cutter arrangement modes;
step 1-2, collecting requirements of different users, wherein the user requirements comprise developer requirements, manufacturer requirements, salesman requirements and farmer requirements, the development designer requirements comprise rotary blade functions, application environments, simulation prediction and cost expectation, the manufacturer requirements comprise manufacturing processes, manufacturing costs, maintenance modes and recycling, the salesman requirements comprise market trends, regional distribution, time distribution and use preference, and the farmer requirements comprise working effects, safety protection, farming costs and individual requirements;
step 1-3, a sensor acquisition module is arranged, and the sensor data is acquired in real time through a wireless transmission or wired transmission technology, wherein the sensor acquisition module comprises a soil monitoring module and a rotary blade monitoring module;
step 1-4, establishing farming indexes, wherein the farming indexes are obtained by analyzing the actual farming effect and comprise farming depth, land flatness, blade grass winding condition and power consumption;
2) Processing the acquired data
The virtual space is a mirror image of the physical space and is used for sorting, analyzing and expanding data acquired by the physical space, a rotary blade database is established according to different types of rotary blade design data acquired in the step 1), a soil database is established according to acquired soil change data, meanwhile, the requirement information of a user is further analyzed and summarized, a high-fidelity simulation model is established according to the data acquired in real time, and a rotary blade behavior rule base is established based on the actual cultivation process and the simulation process;
3) Generating twin data
The information space is used for storing and processing information of the physical space, the virtual space and the service space, all the information is transmitted to the information space in real time, the information space is used for sorting, analyzing and fusing the real-time information, and therefore twin data is obtained, and meanwhile the twin data interacts with other spaces in real time;
4) Establishing a virtual simulation model to evaluate the performance of the rotary blade
The service space is driven by twin data of the information space, so that an initial parameter set of the rotary blade is obtained, an important parameter set is obtained through experimental design, then the parameter set is optimized through an algorithm, the optimization result is verified and analyzed, after the verification and analysis are passed, a virtual simulation model is established according to the optimization result, finally performance evaluation is carried out on the rotary blade by combining with the behavior rule of the rotary blade, and dynamic optimization design of related parameters of the rotary blade is achieved.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil monitoring module comprises monitoring of soil humidity, soil temperature and soil consistency, the soil sensors are installed in the farmland in a distributed manner, and the rotary blade monitoring module comprises monitoring of rotary blade stress strain, torque, acceleration and displacement.
3. The optimal design method for the digital twin-based rotary tillage blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein the virtual space processes the acquired data, and the specific process is as follows:
step 2-1, constructing a rotary blade database, wherein the rotary blade database consists of a two-dimensional model and a three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model is established by three-dimensional software SolidWorks on the basis of the two-dimensional model;
step 2-2, a demand analysis library is constructed, wherein the demand analysis library is a database obtained after information value increment and analysis are carried out on user demands, and comprises functions, expected cost, a manufacturing process, a using effect and personalized demands;
step 2-3, constructing a high-fidelity simulation model, wherein the high-fidelity simulation model comprises a static simulation model library and a dynamic simulation model library, the static simulation model library is established by ANSYS, stress and strain data of the rotary blade, rotary blade strength data and rotary blade rigidity data are collected in real time, the dynamic simulation model library is established by LS-DYNA, and soil particle displacement data, power consumption data and rotary blade stress and strain data in the virtual cultivation process of the rotary blade are collected in real time;
and 2-4, establishing a rotary blade behavior rule base, wherein the behavior rules comprise a rotary blade kinematic equation, a kinetic equation, a domain knowledge base and a historical database.
4. The method for optimally designing the rotary blade based on the digital twin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific flow of the information space generating twin data is as follows:
step 3-1, the information space collects the information fed back by the physical space, the virtual space and the service space in real time and processes the obtained information;
and 3-2, analyzing and fusing the processed information to establish twin data, wherein the twin data comprises all data generated in the whole rotary blade optimization design process, and the twin data drives a service space in real time.
5. A rotary blade optimization design method based on digital twinning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the service space performs performance evaluation on the rotary blade by the following specific procedures:
step 4-1, establishing an initial parameter set of the rotary blade according to twin data output by the information space, obtaining an important parameter set through experimental design, and simultaneously performing rotary blade behavior rule analysis on the fused twin data to establish a behavior rule model of the rotary blade; establishing an approximate model of a rotary blade parameter set and cultivation indexes by utilizing a neural network, optimizing the approximate model by combining a genetic algorithm, and if calculation can be converged, obtaining an optimized parameter set of the rotary blade, namely entering an analysis and verification link; if convergence is not possible, returning twin data, and optimizing parameters again to finally generate a rotary blade optimized rotary blade parameter set;
step 4-2, performing data abnormal value analysis on the rotary blade optimization parameter set generated in the step 4-1), if the optimized parameter set meets the actual production and manufacturing requirements, establishing a rotary blade database, a physical model, a behavior model and a rule model by using the optimized parameter set, and performing simulation analysis;
and 4-3) extracting simulation data according to the simulation analysis result in the step 4-2) to perform numerical analysis, evaluating the performance according to the rotary blade behavior rule base, entering a production and manufacturing link if the analysis verification and the performance evaluation are in accordance with expectations, returning twin data if the analysis verification and the performance evaluation are not in accordance with expectations, and performing parameter optimization again.
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