CN112000059B - Automatic control system and control method for ammonia online analyzer - Google Patents
Automatic control system and control method for ammonia online analyzer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic control system and a control method of an ammonia on-line analyzer, which comprises a human-computer interaction unit, a data acquisition and automatic control unit, a sampling unit, a flue gas flow control unit, an absorption constant volume unit and a continuous flow analysis unit, wherein the data acquisition and automatic control unit comprises a data acquisition and processing module and an automatic control module, the data acquisition and processing module is used for transmitting switching value and analog value signals of all equipment, and the automatic control module automatically controls all running equipment in the system according to written logic and relevant information input by the human-computer interaction unit; the system integrates the capabilities of sampling, absorbing, constant volume and sample feeding, has high sampling analysis precision and timeliness, can meet the requirement of continuously and stably measuring the ammonia concentration in the flue gas by the ammonia on-line analyzer, and guides the operation of the ammonia emission control system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of gaseous pollutants of fixed pollution sources, and particularly relates to an automatic control system and a control method of an ammonia online analyzer.
Background
In order to carry out the environmental protection law of the people's republic of China and the air pollution prevention law of the people's republic of China, protect the environment and guarantee the health of human bodies, the ammonia in the industrial waste gas needs to be monitored in real time. There are two main measurement methods: the ammonia concentration is measured by an optical method, so that online continuous measurement can be realized, but the measurement accuracy is poor; the existing spectrophotometry method is used for measuring the ammonia concentration in flue gas, an absorption liquid needs to be manually prepared, samples are manually collected, samples are well stored and circulated, and finally laboratory analysis is carried out, so that accurate measurement can be realized. The existing ammonia nitrogen analyzer control module of Liuhongpeng and the control system of a portable ammonia escape analyzer of Miao Feng, Ling Yanbo, Tang Guanghua and et al generally comprise an ammonia nitrogen analyzer control module of field bus, pulse width modulation and digital quantity output and control algorithm technology. But they do not relate to the ability of sampling, absorption, constant volume and sample delivery, and sampling analysis precision and timeliness are relatively poor, and this control system can effectively solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic control system and a control method of an ammonia on-line analyzer, which aim to solve the technical problems of poor timeliness, manual measurement and incapability of accurate measurement in the prior art; the technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention are described in detail in the following.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer, which comprises a human-computer interaction unit, a data acquisition and automatic control unit, a sampling unit, a flue gas flow control unit, an absorption constant volume unit and a continuous flow analysis unit, wherein the sampling unit is used for sampling the flow of flue gas;
the sampling unit comprises a sampling gun; the absorption constant volume unit comprises a fresh liquid bottle, a fresh liquid supplement pump outlet electromagnetic valve, a fresh liquid flow meter, a mixing bottle, an absorption bottle, a sample conveying pump inlet electromagnetic valve, a sample conveying pump, a sample conveying flow meter, a buffer bottle, a waste liquid discharge pump inlet electromagnetic valve, a waste liquid discharge pump, a waste liquid flow meter and a waste liquid bottle which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the sampling gun is connected with the mixing bottle;
the flue gas flow control unit comprises a vacuum breaker valve and a sampling pressure gauge, a condenser, a sampling flowmeter, a sampling pump and an oxygen gauge which are connected in sequence; the vacuum breaker valve is communicated with the absorption bottle, a sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valve is connected between the sampling pressure gauge and the absorption bottle, a sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valve is also connected between the sampling flowmeter and the sampling pump, the vacuum breaker valve and the two sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valves are both communicated with the ambient atmosphere, and the condenser is connected between the sampling pressure gauge and the sampling flowmeter;
the continuous flow analysis unit is a continuous flow analyzer connected with the buffer bottle;
the human-computer interaction unit is provided with an operation panel;
the data acquisition and automatic control unit comprises a data acquisition and processing module and an automatic control module, the data acquisition and processing module is used for transmitting switching value and analog quantity signals of all equipment, and the automatic control module automatically controls all running equipment in the system according to written logic and relevant information input by the human-computer interaction unit.
Further, the sampling unit still sweeps pneumatic valve, compressed air pipeline including probe temperature control device, meter box temperature control device, probe, the sampling gun connects gradually probe temperature control device and meter box temperature control device and is connected with the mixing flask, compressed air pipeline and probe sweep the valve intercommunication, the probe sweeps the pneumatic valve and passes through sampling gun and probe temperature control device intercommunication.
Furthermore, the data acquisition and automatic control unit is set up by PLC, and includes CPU, switching value input, switching value output module, analog input module, analog output module, relay, contactor that connect through the winding displacement, each module in the data acquisition and automatic control unit is connected with man-machine interaction unit, sampling unit, flue gas flow control unit, absorption constant volume unit, continuous flow analysis unit and RS485 communication with cable, the data acquisition and processing module is with switching value and analog signal transmission to CPU of all equipment.
The data acquisition and processing module also comprises a data acquisition module, a logic alarm and protection module and a formula calculation module, wherein the data acquisition module collects real-time data of each measuring instrument and transmits the real-time data to the CPU, the logic alarm and protection module compares an alarm set value input in advance with a real-time value of the CPU for alarming and transmits all alarm information to the man-machine interaction unit; and the formula calculation module calculates the ammonia concentration in the sample gas according to the flue gas flow, the absorption liquid volume and the absorbed liquid ammonia nitrogen concentration collected by the CPU.
Furthermore, the operation panel consists of a total interface and a plurality of sub-interfaces; the general interface displays a system diagram, various analog quantity values and a real-time ammonia concentration measured value; the sub-interfaces comprise a parameter setting interface, an alarm interface and a single operation interface of each unit device; the main interface also comprises a system starting button, a system stopping button, an oxygen amount calibration button, a manual purging button and an emergency stopping button; the parameter setting interface comprises a flue gas flow set value, a temperature alarm value, a pressure alarm value, an oxygen quantity alarm value, sample liquid extraction time and the like; the alarm interface comprises logic alarm, medicine change prompt and drainage prompt display, the medicine change prompt and drainage prompt functions are accumulated according to time in the system, the interface gives an alarm when the time reaches a certain time, when a fault occurs in the operation process, the logic alarm and protection module can process the fault, and the processing process comprises fault information storage, fault processing, process recovery and the like.
A control method of an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer comprises the following steps,
s1: the absorption liquid has constant volume, 1 flow rate within 10-15 minutes is selected according to signals of a new liquid flow meter and a waste liquid flow meter, and the volume V1 of the absorption liquid is recorded, wherein the recording unit is milliliter;
s2: analyzing the concentration of the absorbed liquid ammonia, transmitting the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the current water sample according to a signal of a continuous flow analyzer, and recording the nitrogen concentration W1 of the absorbed liquid ammonia, wherein the recording unit is milligram per liter;
s3: the volume of the flue gas is fixed, 1 flow between 10 and 15 minutes is selected according to a sampling flowmeter, and the volume V of the sampled gas is recorded, wherein the recording unit is cubic meter;
s4: selecting an instrument system deviation factor according to the checking result of the continuous flow analysis liquid, and recording the deviation factor as theta without dimension;
s5: according to the calculation formula of the ammonia concentration in the sample gas: c = V1W 1/1000 17.031/14V θ, and the ammonia concentration C in the sample gas was calculated.
Further, step S1 includes: the new liquid flow meter sends flow feedback to the PLC, the waste liquid flow meter sends flow feedback to the PLC, and the PLC calculates the volume V1 of the absorption liquid, wherein the absorption constant volume process is controlled by an automatic control module in the data acquisition and automatic control unit, and the peristaltic pump receives a start-stop signal sent by the automatic control module; the automatic process comprises the steps of starting medicine feeding for the first time, feeding medicine in the normal operation process and stopping the medicine feeding equipment in the fault state.
Further, step S2 includes the steps of,
s2.1: opening an inlet valve of a waste liquid discharge pump, starting the waste liquid discharge pump, and delaying for 30 seconds;
s2.2: stopping the waste liquid discharge pump, and closing an inlet valve of the waste liquid discharge pump; the continuous flow analyzer analyzes the ammonia concentration W1 and transmits it to the data processing module, where the sampling period is 3 minutes, and the analysis is performed once per cycle, allowing the analysis unit to extract a sample, with a 10 second delay.
Further, step S3 includes the steps of: the sampling flowmeter receives a PLC flow control instruction and controls the flow; the sampling flowmeter sends flow feedback to the PLC, and the PLC calculates the volume V of the sampled gas.
And further, before the absorption liquid is subjected to constant volume, operating a new liquid supplement pump, opening an outlet valve of the new liquid supplement pump, opening an inlet valve of the sample delivery pump, and starting the sample delivery pump.
The invention provides an automatic control system and a control method of an ammonia on-line analyzer, which have the beneficial effects that:
the automatic control system realizes the sampling unit, the flue gas flow control unit, the absorption constant volume unit and the control and monitoring of the continuous flow analysis unit by the data acquisition and automatic control unit through the PLC, realizes the automatic control of the ammonia on-line analyzer, integrates the capabilities of sampling, absorption, constant volume and sample delivery, has high sampling analysis precision and timeliness, can meet the requirement of the ammonia on-line analyzer for continuously and stably measuring the ammonia concentration in flue gas, guides the operation of an ammonia emission control system, develops a man-machine interaction interface for matching with the use of the control system, utilizes the parameter setting of an operation panel, can ensure that the system is suitable for different use environments, can realize one-key start and one-key stop of an ammonia measuring device, and reduces artificial control;
according to the control method, automatic sampling, absorption, constant volume, sample feeding, detection and calculation can be realized through a PLC (programmable logic controller) through a key or a touch screen, manual measurement is not needed, the detection timeliness is improved, and through the establishment of the ammonia online continuous spectrophotometry control system, the ammonia concentration value can be accurately acquired online, the ammonia emission control system is guided to operate, the ammonia concentration in the waste gas is maintained in a certain safety range, and the environment and the human health are ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the automatic control system of the ammonia on-line analyzer of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a sampling gun, 2-a compressed air pipeline, 3-a probe purging pneumatic valve, 4-a probe temperature control device, 5-an instrument box temperature control device, 6-a mixing bottle, 7-a fresh liquid bottle, 8-a fresh liquid replenishing pump, 9-a fresh liquid replenishing pump outlet electromagnetic valve, 10-a fresh liquid flow meter, 11-an absorption bottle, 12-an oxygen meter, 13-a sampling pump, 14-a sampling control three-way electromagnetic valve, 15-ambient atmosphere, 16-a sampling flow meter, 17-a sampling pressure meter, 18-a vacuum breaking valve, 19-a sample conveying pump inlet electromagnetic valve, 20-a sample conveying pump, 21-a sample conveying flow meter, 22-a buffer bottle, 23-a waste liquid bottle, 24-a waste liquid flow meter, 25-a waste liquid discharge pump, 26-an electromagnetic valve at the inlet of a waste liquid discharge pump, 27-a continuous flow analyzer, 28-PLC, 29-an operation panel and 30-a condenser.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of an automatic control system and a control method of an ammonia on-line analyzer according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary in nature, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art will be able to employ other technical solutions which are obvious based on the disclosure of the claims and the specification of the present application, and these technical solutions include technical solutions which make any obvious replacement or modification for the embodiments described herein.
The drawings in the present specification are schematic views to assist in explaining the concept of the present invention, and schematically show the shapes of respective portions and their mutual relationships. It is noted that the drawings are not necessarily to the same scale so as to clearly illustrate the structures of the various elements of the embodiments of the invention. Like reference numerals are used to denote like parts.
Example 1:
fig. 1 shows an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a human-computer interaction unit, a data acquisition and automatic control unit, a sampling unit, a flue gas flow control unit, an absorption constant volume unit and a continuous flow analysis unit; the sampling unit comprises a sampling gun 1; the absorption constant volume unit comprises a fresh liquid bottle 7, a fresh liquid supplement pump 8, a fresh liquid supplement pump outlet electromagnetic valve 9, a fresh liquid flowmeter 10, a mixing bottle 6, an absorption bottle 11, a sample conveying pump inlet electromagnetic valve 19, a sample conveying pump 20, a sample conveying flowmeter 21, a buffer bottle 22, a waste liquid discharge pump inlet electromagnetic valve 26, a waste liquid discharge pump 25, a waste liquid flowmeter 24 and a waste liquid bottle 23 which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the sampling gun 1 is connected with the mixing bottle 6; the flue gas flow control unit comprises a vacuum breaker valve 18, and a sampling pressure gauge 17, a condenser 30, a sampling flow meter 16, a sampling pump 13 and an oxygen gauge 12 which are connected in sequence; the vacuum breaker valve 18 is communicated with the absorption bottle 11, a sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valve 14 is connected between the sampling pressure gauge 17 and the absorption bottle 11, a sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valve 14 is also connected between the sampling flowmeter 16 and the sampling pump 13, the vacuum breaker valve 18 and the two sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valves 14 are both communicated with ambient atmosphere 15, and the condenser 30 is connected between the sampling pressure gauge 17 and the sampling flowmeter 16; the continuous flow analysis unit is a continuous flow analyzer 27 connected to the buffer bottle 22; the man-machine interaction unit is provided with an operation panel 29; the data acquisition and automatic control unit comprises a data acquisition and processing module and an automatic control module, the data acquisition and processing module is used for transmitting switching value and analog quantity signals of all equipment, and the automatic control module automatically controls all running equipment in the system according to written logic and relevant information input by the human-computer interaction unit.
Example 2:
the automatic control system of the ammonia on-line analyzer in the embodiment of the invention can be further improved as follows, the sampling unit further comprises a probe temperature control device 4, an instrument box temperature control device 5, a probe purge pneumatic valve 3 and a compressed air pipeline 2, the sampling gun 1 is sequentially connected with the probe temperature control device 4 and the instrument box temperature control device 5 and is connected with a mixing bottle 6, the compressed air pipeline 2 is communicated with the probe purge pneumatic valve 3, and the probe purge pneumatic valve 3 is communicated with the probe temperature control device 4 through the sampling gun 1;
wherein the start-up of the system relies on: 1. pressing a system start button; opening the vacuum break valve 18 for a 5 second delay; 2. opening an outlet valve 9 of the new liquid supplementing pump, starting the new liquid supplementing pump 8, and delaying for 30 seconds; 3. closing the vacuum breaking valve 18, starting the sampling control sampling pump 13, starting the system, and absorbing the sample gas by the absorption liquid;
the data acquisition and automatic control unit is built by a PLC28, the data acquisition and automatic control unit is built by S7-1200 and comprises a CPU1215C, 1 network communication conversion module, 1 switching value input module SM 1221, 2 switching value output modules SM 1222, 2 analog value input modules SM 1231 and 1 analog value output module SM 1232, the written logic is realized by control software, the control software is compiled by a ladder diagram (LAD) or a Structural Control Language (SCL), the data acquisition and control unit completes the functions of the data acquisition module, a logic alarm and protection module, a formula calculation module, an automatic control module and the like, and the data acquisition module and the formula calculation module are used for providing data acquisition records, data acquisition processing, a formula calculation method and data software functions; each module in the data acquisition and automatic control unit is in communication connection with a human-computer interaction unit, a sampling unit, a flue gas flow control unit, an absorption constant volume unit and a continuous flow analysis unit through cables and RS485, the data acquisition and processing module transmits switching value and analog quantity signals of all equipment to a CPU, the data acquisition and automatic control unit is set up by a PLC28 and comprises a CPU, a switching value input module, a switching value output module, an analog quantity input module, an analog quantity output module, a relay and a contactor which are connected through a flat cable, each module in the data acquisition and automatic control unit is in communication connection with the human-computer interaction unit, the sampling unit, the flue gas flow control unit, the absorption constant volume unit and the continuous flow analysis unit through cables and RS485, the data acquisition and processing module transmits the switching value and analog quantity signals of all the equipment to the CPU, and the human-computer interaction unit selects a 15.1-inch touch screen, the operating and displaying unit as a control system is TP 1500 Basic color PN, displaying TFT, 256 colors, 1024 × 768 resolution, 400 × 310 size, the man-machine interaction unit is in communication connection with the data acquisition and control unit by a network cable, and the operating panel 29 consists of a main interface and a plurality of sub-interfaces; the general interface displays a system diagram, various analog quantity values and a real-time ammonia concentration measured value; the sub-interfaces comprise a parameter setting interface, an alarm interface and a single operation interface of each unit device; the main interface also comprises a system starting button, a system stopping button, an oxygen amount calibration button, a manual purging button and an emergency stopping button; the parameter setting interface comprises a flue gas flow set value, a temperature alarm value, a pressure alarm value, an oxygen quantity alarm value, sample liquid extraction time and the like; the alarm interface comprises logic alarm and prompt dressing change and prompt drainage display, the functions of prompting dressing change and prompting drainage are accumulated according to the time in the system, the interface generates prompt alarm after a certain time, when a fault occurs in the operation process, the logic alarm and protection module can process the fault, and the processing process comprises fault information storage, fault processing, process recovery and the like;
the alarm module is used for providing alarm display, drainage prompt, dressing change prompt and alarm interlocking trigger, and transmitting part of serious alarm signals to the protection module to stop the system; and carrying out alarm prompt when the following conditions are triggered: 1. the heating temperature of the probe is lower than 200 ℃ to trigger alarm (except for starting and stopping operation); 2. the heating temperature of the heating box is lower than 200 ℃ to alarm (except for starting and stopping the machine); 3. the sampling pressure is higher than 1; 4. the sampling pressure is low by 1; 5. sampling flow meter 16 feedback is reduced; 6. the condensing temperature of the condenser is abnormal; 7. the oxygen content is higher; 8. the absorption liquid leaks, and specifically, the alarm starting condition includes:
when the oxygen content of the flue gas is more than 5%, the system alarms;
when the oxygen content of the flue gas is more than 10%, the system is stopped to operate;
the temperature of the probe of the sampling gun 1 is lower than 200 ℃ to alarm;
the temperature of the probe of the sampling gun 1 is lower than 120 ℃, and a system is triggered to stop the flow;
the temperature of the instrument box of the sampling gun 1 is lower than 200 ℃ or higher than 250 ℃ to trigger alarm;
the temperature of the instrument box of the sampling gun 1 is higher than 260 ℃, and the instrument box is triggered to be heated and powered off;
the temperature of the instrument box of the sampling gun 1 is lower than 120 ℃ to trigger the system to stop the process;
the temperature of the instrument box of the sampling gun 1 is lower than 120 ℃ to trigger the system to stop the process;
when the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the condenser is more than 5 ℃, the system alarms;
the automatic control module is used for controlling sample gas sampling, absorption liquid ammonia absorption, flue gas volume constant volume, absorption liquid volume constant volume, analysis liquid check and analysis of absorption liquid ammonia concentration, system starting, system stopping, manual/automatic purging and oxygen amount calibration,
wherein, the sampling of the sample gas depends on the operation of a sampling control sampling pump 13;
the absorption of ammonia by the absorption liquid depends on: 1. the new liquid replenishing pump 8 is operated; 2. opening an outlet valve of a new liquid replenishing pump 8; 3. opening an inlet valve of the sample delivery pump 20, and starting the sample delivery pump 20;
the volume of the flue gas is determined by: 1. the sampling flow meter 16 receives a PLC28 flow control command; 2. the sampling flow meter 16 controls the flow rate; 3. the sampling flow meter 16 sends flow feedback to the PLC 28; 4. the sampling flowmeter 16 is internally provided with an adjustable electromagnetic valve, and the sampling flowmeter 16 is connected with the PLC28 by a shielded twisted pair;
the absorption liquid has constant volume by: 1. the new fluid flow meter 10 sends flow feedback to the PLC 28; 2. the waste flow meter 24 sends flow feedback to the PLC 28; 3. the new liquid flowmeter 10 and the waste liquid flowmeter 24 are not internally provided with adjustable electromagnetic valves, and the sampling flowmeter 16 is connected with a PLC28 by a shielded twisted pair;
analysis of absorbed liquid ammonia concentration dependence: 1. the sampling period is 3 minutes, and the analysis is carried out once per period; 2. allowing the analysis unit to extract the sample for a 10 second delay; 3. opening the inlet valve 26 of the waste liquid discharge pump, starting the waste liquid discharge pump 25, and delaying for 30 seconds; 4. stopping the waste liquid discharge pump 25 and closing the waste liquid discharge pump inlet valve 26; 5. the continuous flow analyzer 27 analyzes the ammonia concentration for transmission to the data processing module.
The system stops by: 1. pressing a system stop button; 2. opening the vacuum breaking valve 18, delaying for 5 seconds; 3. closing the outlet valve 9 of the new liquid replenishing pump, stopping the operation of the new liquid replenishing pump 8, stopping the system and not performing continuous online detection any more;
the automatic purging of the probe relies on: 1. the purging period is 4 hours, and purging is carried out once per period; 2. opening the probe purge gas valve 3, delaying for 30 seconds, and closing the probe purge gas valve 3; 3. and finishing the purging.
Manual purging of the probe relies on: 1. pressing a purge button; 2. opening the probe purge gas valve 3, delaying for 20 seconds, and closing the probe purge gas valve 3; 3. and finishing the purging.
Oxygen calibration relies on: 1. stopping the new liquid replenishing pump 8 and delaying for 5 seconds; 2. opening the vacuum break valve 18 for a 5 second delay; 3. switching a sampling control air three-way valve to an air side, and delaying for 5 minutes; 4. switching the sampling control air-to-air three-way valve to a sample air-to-air side, and delaying for 5 seconds; 5. closing the vacuum break valve 18, delaying for 5 seconds; 6. starting a new liquid replenishing pump 8, and finishing calibration;
the data acquisition module and the formula calculation module are used for providing data acquisition records, data acquisition processing, formula calculation methods and data software functions;
wherein the data software functions rely on: 1. the user can enter and exit the software control interface after logging in or logging out by using the user name and the password at will; 2. the system distinguishes a system administrator from a general operator; 3. when the system is interrupted by external strong interference, the system can be automatically started, automatically recover the running state and record faults;
data collection and recording depend on: 1. collecting and storing sample gas and volume of absorption liquid; 2. calculating the sample flow time; 3. completing the time sequence corresponding relation between the sampling volume and the analysis concentration, namely providing the flow time of 10-15 minutes;
the data acquisition and processing depend on: 1. data display, recording and management are carried out by using images and different colors; 2. historical data can be queried; 3. the parameters can be set and modified; 4. the system data can be output by external communication.
The formula calculation method relies on: 1. determining an instrument system deviation factor; 2. and setting and modifying coefficients for the formula.
Example 3:
a control method of an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer comprises the following steps,
s1: the method comprises the steps of absorbing liquid constant volume, selecting 1 flow between 10 minutes and 15 minutes according to signals of a new liquid flow meter 10 and a waste liquid flow meter 24, recording the volume V1 of the absorbing liquid, wherein the recording unit is milliliter, the flow feedback is sent to a PLC28 by the new liquid flow meter 10, the flow feedback is sent to a PLC28 by the waste liquid flow meter 24, and the PLC28 calculates the volume V1 of the absorbing liquid, wherein the absorbing constant volume process is controlled by an automatic control module in a data acquisition and automatic control unit, and a peristaltic pump receives a start-stop signal sent by the automatic control module; the automatic process comprises the steps of starting medicine adding for the first time, adding medicine in the normal operation process, stopping medicine adding equipment in a fault state, operating the new liquid supplementing pump 8 before the absorption liquid is subjected to constant volume, starting an outlet valve of the new liquid supplementing pump 8, starting an inlet valve of the sample conveying pump 20 and starting the sample conveying pump 20;
s2: analyzing the concentration of the absorbed liquid ammonia, transmitting the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the current water sample according to the signal of the continuous flow analyzer 27, recording the nitrogen concentration W1 of the absorbed liquid ammonia, wherein the recording unit is milligram per liter, including,
s2.1: starting an inlet valve of the waste liquid discharge pump 25, starting the waste liquid discharge pump 25, and delaying for 30 seconds;
s2.2: stopping the waste liquid discharge pump 25, and closing an inlet valve of the waste liquid discharge pump 25; the continuous flow analyzer 27 analyzes the ammonia concentration W1 and transmits it to the data processing module, wherein the sampling period is 3 minutes, and the analysis is performed once per period, allowing the analysis unit to extract the sample, with a 10 second delay;
s3: the flue gas volume constant volume according to sampling flowmeter 16, selects 1 kind of flow between 10 ~ 15 minutes, records sampling gas volume V, and the record unit is cubic meter, includes: the sampling flowmeter 16 receives a PLC28 flow control instruction and controls the flow; the sampling flow meter 16 sends flow feedback to the PLC28, and the PLC28 calculates the sampled gas volume V;
s4: selecting an instrument system deviation factor according to the checking result of the continuous flow analysis liquid, and recording the deviation factor as theta without dimension;
s5: according to the calculation formula of the ammonia concentration in the sample gas: c = V1W 1/1000 17.031/14V θ, and the ammonia concentration C in the sample gas was calculated.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. An automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer is characterized by comprising a human-computer interaction unit, a data acquisition and automatic control unit, a sampling unit, a flue gas flow control unit, an absorption constant volume unit and a continuous flow analysis unit;
the sampling unit comprises a sampling gun (1); the absorption constant volume unit comprises a fresh liquid bottle (7), a fresh liquid supplement pump (8), a fresh liquid supplement pump outlet electromagnetic valve (9), a fresh liquid flowmeter (10), a mixing bottle (6), an absorption bottle (11), a sample conveying pump inlet electromagnetic valve (19), a sample conveying pump (20), a sample conveying flowmeter (21), a buffer bottle (22), a waste liquid discharge pump inlet electromagnetic valve (26), a waste liquid discharge pump (25), a waste liquid flowmeter (24) and a waste liquid bottle (23) which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the sampling gun (1) is connected with the mixing bottle (6);
the flue gas flow control unit comprises a vacuum breaker valve (18), and a sampling pressure gauge (17), a condenser (30), a sampling flow meter (16), a sampling pump (13) and an oxygen gauge (12) which are connected in sequence; the vacuum breaker valve is communicated with the absorption bottle, a sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valve (14) is connected between the sampling pressure gauge (17) and the absorption bottle (11), a sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valve (14) is also connected between the sampling flowmeter (16) and the sampling pump, the vacuum breaker valve (18) and the two sampling control air three-way electromagnetic valves (14) are both communicated with the ambient atmosphere (15), and the condenser (30) is connected between the sampling pressure gauge (17) and the sampling flowmeter (16);
the continuous flow analysis unit is a continuous flow analyzer (27) connected with a buffer bottle (22);
the man-machine interaction unit is provided with an operation panel (29);
the data acquisition and automatic control unit comprises a data acquisition and processing module and an automatic control module, the data acquisition and processing module is used for transmitting switching value and analog quantity signals of all equipment, and the automatic control module automatically controls all running equipment in the system according to written logic and related information input by the human-computer interaction unit;
the operation panel (29) consists of a total interface and a plurality of sub-interfaces; the general interface displays a system diagram, various analog quantity values and a real-time ammonia concentration measured value; the sub-interfaces comprise a parameter setting interface, an alarm interface and a single operation interface of each unit device; the main interface also comprises a system starting button, a system stopping button, an oxygen amount calibration button, a manual purging button and an emergency stopping button.
2. The automatic control system of the ammonia on-line analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the sampling unit further comprises a probe temperature control device (4), an instrument box temperature control device (5), and a probe purging pneumatic valve (3) and a compressed air pipeline (2), the sampling gun (1) is sequentially connected with the probe temperature control device (4) and the instrument box temperature control device (5) and is connected with the mixing bottle (6), the compressed air pipeline (2) and the probe purging pneumatic valve (3) are communicated, and the probe purging pneumatic valve (3) is communicated with the probe temperature control device (4) through the sampling gun (1).
3. The automatic control system of the ammonia on-line analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and automatic control unit is constructed by a PLC (programmable logic controller) (28) and comprises a CPU, a switching value input module, a switching value output module, an analog value input module, an analog value output module, a relay and a contactor which are connected through a flat cable, each module in the data acquisition and automatic control unit is in communication connection with a human-computer interaction unit, a sampling unit, a flue gas flow control unit, an absorption constant volume unit and a continuous flow analysis unit through cables and an RS485, and the data acquisition and processing module transmits the switching value and analog value signals of all devices to the CPU.
4. The automatic control system of the ammonia on-line analyzer of claim 3, wherein the data collection and processing module further comprises a data collection module, a logic alarm and protection module, and a formula calculation module, wherein the data collection module collects real-time data of each measuring instrument and transmits the data to the CPU, the logic alarm and protection module compares the alarm set value input in advance with the real-time value of the CPU for alarm, and simultaneously transmits each alarm message to the man-machine interaction unit; and the formula calculation module calculates the ammonia concentration in the sample gas according to the flue gas flow, the absorption liquid volume and the absorbed liquid ammonia nitrogen concentration collected by the CPU.
5. A control method of an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1: the absorption liquid has constant volume, 1 flow rate within 10-15 minutes is selected according to signals of a new liquid flow meter and a waste liquid flow meter, and the volume V1 of the absorption liquid is recorded, wherein the recording unit is milliliter;
s2: analyzing the concentration of the absorbed liquid ammonia, transmitting the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the current water sample according to a signal of a continuous flow analyzer, and recording the nitrogen concentration W1 of the absorbed liquid ammonia, wherein the recording unit is milligram per liter;
s3: the volume of the flue gas is fixed, 1 flow between 10 and 15 minutes is selected according to a sampling flowmeter, and the volume V of the sampled gas is recorded, wherein the recording unit is cubic meter;
s4: selecting an instrument system deviation factor according to the checking result of the continuous flow analysis liquid, and recording the deviation factor as theta without dimension;
s5: according to the calculation formula of the ammonia concentration in the sample gas: c = V1W 1/1000 17.031/14V θ, and the ammonia concentration C in the sample gas was calculated.
6. The method for controlling an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S1 comprises: the new liquid flow meter sends flow feedback to the PLC, the waste liquid flow meter sends flow feedback to the PLC, and the PLC calculates the volume V1 of the absorption liquid.
7. The method for controlling an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer as set forth in claim 5, wherein the step S2 comprises,
s2.1: opening an inlet valve of a waste liquid discharge pump, starting the waste liquid discharge pump, and delaying for 30 seconds;
s2.2: stopping the waste liquid discharge pump, and closing an inlet valve of the waste liquid discharge pump; the continuous flow analyzer analyzes the ammonia concentration W1 and transmits it to the data processing module, where the sampling period is 3 minutes, and the analysis is performed once per cycle, allowing the analysis unit to extract a sample, with a 10 second delay.
8. The method for controlling an automatic control system of an ammonia on-line analyzer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S3 comprises the steps of: the sampling flowmeter receives a PLC flow control instruction and controls the flow; the sampling flowmeter sends flow feedback to the PLC, and the PLC calculates the volume V of the sampled gas.
9. The control method of the automatic control system of the ammonia on-line analyzer according to claim 5, wherein before the absorption liquid is subjected to constant volume, a new liquid replenishing pump is operated, an outlet valve of the new liquid replenishing pump is opened, an inlet valve of the sample delivery pump is opened, and the sample delivery pump is started.
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