CN111998689A - Method and system for controlling carbon anode roasting process for aluminum - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling carbon anode roasting process for aluminum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111998689A CN111998689A CN202010932560.6A CN202010932560A CN111998689A CN 111998689 A CN111998689 A CN 111998689A CN 202010932560 A CN202010932560 A CN 202010932560A CN 111998689 A CN111998689 A CN 111998689A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for controlling a carbon anode roasting process for aluminum, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after a new flame period starts, controlling process parameters by using a pre-established initial control model and periodically collecting the temperature of each furnace chamber; calculating the heating rate according to the collected temperature of each furnace chamber; carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal; constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal; and after the set time is reached, controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model. By utilizing the invention, the temperature of the flame path of each furnace chamber can be flexibly controlled, the heat efficiency of the roasting furnace is effectively improved, and the unit consumption of fuel gas is reduced; and the flame has better flexibility, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the flame path wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon anode roasting control, in particular to a method and a system for controlling a carbon anode roasting process for aluminum.
Background
The carbon anode roasting process has four stages: low-temperature preheating, negative pressure management, high-temperature sintering and cooling. The roasting temperature curve is an important technological parameter for controlling the operation of the roasting furnace, and is made according to various physical and chemical performance indexes of the anode, the structure of the furnace body, the specification of the anode, filling materials, the number of operating furnace chambers and the like in the roasting process. The purpose of anode roasting temperature control is to make the sintering process completely follow a theoretical temperature/time curve, and most of the traditional carbon anode roasting control systems for aluminum adopt a PID (proportion integration differentiation) control algorithm.
The roasting process belongs to the field of fluid dynamics and heat transfer, the essential law of the roasting process is unsteady state, nonlinearity and hysteresis, the object of process control cannot be simply understood as the flame path temperature, but the whole system unit of 'flame path central line-flame path wall-filling material-anode central line' is covered, and the heat transfer process can be described as follows: firstly, heat is transferred to the surface (fire channel side) of a refractory material mainly by radiation heat transfer and convection heat transfer between flame (high-temperature flue gas) sprayed by a burner and the surface of the refractory brick, the heat transfer strength depends on the temperature, the convection coefficient, the blackness and the like of the flame, generally, the surface temperature of a brick base on the fire channel side is in a typical range of 1250-1280 ℃, the heat treatment degree of a product can be met, if the temperature is too high, the temperature is close to the refractoriness under load, the service life of a fire channel wall is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, the problem of excessive roasting also exists; if the temperature is too low, the roasting is insufficient; secondly, heat is conducted to the side surface of a fireproof material bin on the side surface of a fireproof material fire channel, the Fourier heat conduction law is followed, the heat transfer strength is mainly determined by the heat conduction coefficient of a fireproof brick, and the temperature of a brick base at the end of the bin is typically 1150-1200 ℃; thirdly, heat is transferred in the filling material, the process is more complex, and a mode of constructing a differential equation of an analog circuit is needed for solving and coupling; fourthly, the heat conduction and temperature equalization treatment inside the anode also obeys the Fourier heat conduction law, and the temperature of the final product (the commercial anode) reaches over 1080 ℃. Therefore, a heat transfer system is very complex from the central line of the flame path to the central line of the anode, various heat transfer processes are absolutely asynchronous, the characteristics of nonlinearity, unsteady state and hysteresis are fully embodied, and all the characteristics take the heat efficiency as the core.
The traditional carbon anode roasting control system for aluminum mostly adopts a PID (proportion integration differentiation) control algorithm, which is equivalent to dissociating a flame path from a heat transfer system unit. The essential object of the anode roasting process control is the anode carbon block, which does not leave the atmosphere of a heat transfer system. Therefore, PID is not suitable for the control of the firing process, or is liable to cause erroneous judgment of the object of the control of the firing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for controlling a carbon anode roasting process for aluminum, aiming at the problem that the existing PID control mode is not suitable for controlling the carbon anode roasting process.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a control method of a carbon anode roasting process for aluminum comprises the following steps:
after a new flame period starts, controlling process parameters by using a pre-established initial control model and periodically collecting the temperature of each furnace chamber;
calculating the heating rate according to the collected temperature of each furnace chamber;
carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal;
constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal;
and after the set time is reached, controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model.
Optionally, the initial control model comprises: each flame path and the corresponding gas power distribution parameter and negative pressure parameter.
Optionally, the initial control model is in table form.
Optionally, the performing identity non-dimensionalization processing on the temperature and the temperature rise rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal includes:
carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature of the furnace chambers according to preset curve temperature error ranges and roasting temperature curves of the furnace chambers to obtain temperature state signals;
and carrying out identical non-quantity toughening treatment on the temperature rise rate of the furnace chambers according to the preset error range of the temperature rise rate of each furnace chamber and the roasting temperature curve to obtain temperature rise rate state signals.
Optionally, the constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signals includes:
generating an orthogonal matrix according to the two-dimensional state signal;
determining various control states corresponding to the orthogonal matrix;
and constructing a functional relation including control state, priority, pressure and energy parameters according to the control state to obtain a matrix control model.
A carbon anode firing process control system for aluminum, the system comprising:
the setting module is used for establishing an initial control model;
the control module is used for controlling the process parameters by utilizing the initial control model after a new flame period begins;
the timing module is used for timing after a new flame period starts;
the data acquisition module is used for periodically acquiring the temperature of each furnace chamber and calculating the heating rate according to the acquired temperature of each furnace chamber;
the data processing module is used for carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal;
the model construction module is used for constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal;
the control module is further used for controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model after the timing module times for a set time.
Optionally, the initial control model comprises: each flame path and the corresponding gas power distribution parameter and negative pressure parameter.
Optionally, the initial control model is in table form.
Optionally, the setting module is further configured to preset a baking temperature curve, a curve temperature error range and a temperature rise speed error range of each furnace chamber;
the data processing module is specifically used for carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature of the furnace chambers according to the curve temperature error range and the roasting temperature curve of each furnace chamber to obtain temperature state signals; and carrying out identical non-quantity toughening treatment on the heating rate of each furnace chamber according to the error range of the heating rate of each furnace chamber and the roasting temperature curve to obtain a rate state signal.
Optionally, the model building module comprises:
a matrix generating unit for generating an orthogonal matrix according to the two-dimensional state signal;
a control state determination unit for determining various control states corresponding to the orthogonal matrix;
and the functional relation determining unit is used for constructing a functional relation containing control states, priorities, pressures and energy parameters according to the control states to obtain the matrix control model.
According to the method and the system for controlling the carbon anode roasting process for the aluminum, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the essential characteristics of unsteadiness, nonlinearity and hysteresis of the roasting process belonging to the process properties of fluid dynamics and heat transfer are fully considered, and at the beginning stage of a new flame period, firstly, a pre-established initial control model is utilized to control process parameters, the temperature of each furnace chamber is periodically acquired, and the heating rate is calculated; carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal; constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal; and after the set time is reached, controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model. By utilizing the scheme of the invention, the flexible control of the temperature of the flame path of each furnace chamber can be realized, instead of the PID control in the prior art, the temperature is driven up in a short time at first, thereby effectively improving the thermal efficiency of the roasting furnace and reducing the unit consumption of fuel gas; and the flame has better flexibility, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the flame path wall.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of a carbon anode roasting process for aluminum according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating control states corresponding to orthogonal matrices in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control system for a carbon anode baking process for aluminum according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the problem that the existing PID control mode is not suitable for controlling the carbon anode roasting process, the invention provides a method and a system for controlling the carbon anode roasting process for aluminum, which fully consider the characteristics of unsteady state, nonlinearity and hysteresis of the process property of the sub-roasting process belonging to fluid dynamics and heat transfer science, and realize flexible control on the temperature of a flame path of each furnace chamber.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a carbon anode baking process for aluminum according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps:
The new flame period means that the last flame is finished, and the furnace is moved into the new flame period. In a short time after the new flame period begins, the curve temperature and temperature speed data are still in a collecting and analyzing state, an orthogonal matrix and a control instruction are not formed, and under the condition, the initial control model is used for controlling the process parameters and making transition for switching to the matrix control model.
The initial control model comprises: the gas power distribution parameters and negative pressure parameters of each flame path can specifically adopt a form of a table, and parameter values in the table are used as default values for starting the control system.
It should be noted that the initial control model may be designed by comprehensively considering the situation of violent pursuit temperature due to poor coupling between the initial temperature and the actual initial temperature in the baking temperature curve after the furnace shift, and aims to correct the phenomenon of violent pursuit of the set temperature and damage to the refractory material in a short time after the furnace shift, thereby achieving flexibility of control.
For example, for a general open ring type roasting furnace, there are six furnace chambers, 1p, 2p, 3p, 4p, 5p, and 6 p. Wherein, 1p is the furnace chamber (pressure measuring and preheating) where the smoke discharging frame is located, 4p, 5p and 6p respectively refer to the furnace chambers where the front row of combustion frames, the middle combustion frame and the rear row of combustion frames are located, and all belong to forced heating furnace chambers; 2p and 3p are preheating furnace chambers, and a control frame body is not arranged in the configuration of the furnace surface. The corresponding initial control model is shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
It should be noted that the negative pressure and the gas power of the two side flame paths of each furnace chamber in table 1 can be set to be larger, because the heat preservation performance of the two side flame paths is inferior to that of the middle flame path, and the volatile component of the asphalt entering the side flame paths is only half of that of the middle flame path theoretically, so that the negative pressure and the gas power of the side flame paths are relatively larger, and the difference is reflected, so as to better match the designed roasting temperature curve.
In addition, each parameter value in the initial control model may be set according to the actual application requirement, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The time for controlling the process parameters using the initial control model can be set as desired, for example, 5 minutes. And after a certain time is reached, entering a matrix control model control stage. The control phase of the matrix control model is periodic, and temperature parameters are acquired at regular time intervals (such as every minute) and the heating rate is calculated.
And 102, calculating the heating rate according to the acquired temperature of each furnace chamber.
And 103, carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal.
Non-dimensionalization is also called normalization of data, which means that different indexes are not comparable due to different dimensions, so that the indexes need to be non-dimensionalized first, and then the subsequent analysis is performed after the dimension influence is eliminated.
In the embodiment of the invention, identity dimensionless processing is carried out on the two parameters of the acquired temperature and the acquired heating rate, and digital signals with different dimensions are converted into identity two-dimensional state signals.
The temperature data can be processed by the same non-dimensionalization of the temperature of the furnace chamber according to the preset curve temperature error range and the roasting temperature curve of each furnace chamber to obtain the temperature state signal. For example, three temperature states of the curve can be set, which are: the temperature deviation range of the curve is set to be +/-Delta T. If the difference between the acquired temperature (namely the actual temperature) and the temperature corresponding to the roasting temperature curve is within the error range, the corresponding temperature state is 'N'; if the difference is larger than delta T, the corresponding temperature state is plus; if the difference is less than Δ T, the corresponding temperature state is "-".
And for the temperature rise rate data, carrying out identical non-quantitative toughening treatment on the temperature rise rate of the furnace chamber according to the preset temperature rise rate error range and the roasting temperature curve of each furnace chamber to obtain a temperature rise rate state signal. For example,
for example, for the anode firing furnace configuration described above, a curve temperature error range is defined: the error range of the curve temperature of the 4p furnace chamber is +/-10 ℃, and the error range of the curve temperature of the 5p and 6p furnace chambers is +/-5 ℃. The actual temperature of the 4p furnace chamber is N within +/-10 ℃ corresponding to the roasting temperature curve, plus is 10 ℃ above the roasting temperature curve, and minus is defined as 10 ℃ below the roasting temperature curve; the actual temperature of the 5p and 6p furnace chambers is N within +/-5 ℃ corresponding to the roasting temperature curve, the temperature exceeding the roasting temperature curve by 5 ℃ is plus ', and the temperature lower than the curve by 5 ℃ is defined as minus';
defining a temperature rise rate error: the temperature rise rate of the furnace chambers of 1p, 4p, 5p and 6p is 6-10 ℃/h, the state is 'N', '10 ℃/h' is '+', and '6 ℃/h' is defined as '-'.
It should be noted that, in practical application, the error range of the temperature of the 4p furnace chamber should be larger, because the temperature of the fire channel brick base is lower and uneven when the furnace is moved from the 3p furnace chamber to the 4p furnace chamber, statistically, the temperature of the 4p furnace chamber is mostly in the negative error range of the curve temperature, and the rapid temperature tracing should be avoided, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the refractory material. The 5p and 6p furnace chambers belong to high-temperature heat preservation furnace chambers, so the same temperature error range can be set. And the 1P furnace chamber can realize temperature control by adjusting negative pressure because the heat of the furnace chamber comes from high-temperature flue gas of an upstream furnace chamber.
Of course, the error ranges of the temperature rise rates of the furnace chambers of 1p, 4p, 5p and 6p may be set to be the same in consideration of the deformation and strain of the refractory material, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
And 104, constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signals.
Firstly, an orthogonal matrix is generated according to the two-dimensional state signal, and the format of the orthogonal matrix is shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
And determining various control states corresponding to the orthogonal matrix, wherein the control states are 9, as shown in figure 2.
And then, constructing a functional relation including control state, priority, pressure and energy parameters according to the control state to obtain a matrix control model.
It should be noted that the matrix control model may also take the form of a table, such as the one described above for the anode roasting furnace configuration, which may result in the matrix control model shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3
In the case of the 1p furnace , the time interval between two negative pressure control adjustments is calculated by the control model and is a dynamic change value. For example, the 1# flame path negative pressure change is calculated as: -120+300 × 0.02 ═ -114 pa; the time for adjusting the negative pressure from-120 pa to-114 pa is as follows: 6 × 0.4 ═ 2.4 s. If the flame temperature and the temperature rise rate of the 1p furnace are in the NN state, the negative pressure of the flame maintains the default state.
And 105, controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model after the set time is reached.
The process of controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the scheme of the invention is further described by taking the aforementioned No. 1 flame path of 1p/4p as an example. The collected variables are temperature and heating rate, and the controlled variables are negative pressure of a flame path and gas power. The control process is as follows:
1) and after the furnace is moved to enter a new flame period, entering an initial default control stage state. In this state: the initial negative pressure of a No. 1 flame path of the 1p furnace chamber is-120 pa; the power of a No. 1 flame path electromagnetic valve of the 4p furnace chamber is 30% at the upstream and 30% at the downstream; the power of the No. 1 flame path electromagnetic valve of the 5p and 6p furnace chambers is 40% at the upstream and 40% at the downstream;
2) and entering a matrix control stage, and calculating the negative pressure change and time and the air injection power change and time of the electromagnetic valve as follows:
supposing that the temperature and the heating rate of a No. 1 flame path of a 1p furnace chamber are in a + + state and the overtemperature and overspeed belong to first-level priority control, the control logic is as follows: the flame path pressure is reduced. According to the control model algorithm, the 1# flame path negative pressure change is calculated as: -120+300 × 0.02 ═ -114 pa; the time for the negative pressure to adjust from-120 pa to-114 pa was calculated as: 6 × 0.4 ═ 2.4 s. If the temperature and the temperature rising rate of the No. 1 flame path of the 1p furnace chamber are in the NN state, the negative pressure of the flame path is kept unchanged in the default state.
The temperature and the heating rate of the No. 1 flame path of the 4p furnace chamber are assumed to be in a + + state, and the state also belongs to a first-level priority control state. The initial default state data is shown in table 1, and the control logic is: the gas power is reduced. According to the control model algorithm, the power of the electromagnetic valve is changed into: the front nozzle is 30% -200 × 0.02 ═ 26%; the rear nozzle is adjusted according to the combustion ratio parameter, and if the combustion ratio is 50%, the gas power of the rear nozzle is 26%; if the combustion ratio parameter is 40%, the gas power of the rear nozzle is 17%. The gas fired power adjustment time interval was 5/10 minutes (selectable by the customer).
And (3) assuming that the flame path temperature and the temperature rise rate of any furnace chamber corresponding to the three rows of combustion frames are in the NN state, keeping the gas power of the flame path combustion frames unchanged in the default state.
And the like until the furnace is moved to enter the next flame period.
According to the method for controlling the carbon anode roasting process for the aluminum, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the essential characteristics of unsteadiness, nonlinearity and hysteresis of the roasting process belonging to the process properties of fluid dynamics and heat transfer are fully considered, and at the beginning stage of a new flame period, firstly, a pre-established initial control model is utilized to control process parameters, the temperature of each furnace chamber is periodically acquired, and the heating rate is calculated; carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal; constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal; and after the set time is reached, controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model. By utilizing the scheme of the invention, the flexible control of the temperature of the flame path of each furnace chamber can be realized, instead of the PID control in the prior art, the temperature is driven up in a short time at first, thereby effectively improving the thermal efficiency of the roasting furnace and reducing the unit consumption of fuel gas; and the flame has better flexibility, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the flame path wall.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention also provides a control system for the aluminum carbon anode roasting process, which is a structural block diagram of the system as shown in fig. 3.
In this embodiment, the system includes the following modules: the system comprises a setting module 300, a control module 301, a timing module 302, a data acquisition module 303, a data processing module 304 and a model building module 305. Wherein:
a setting module 300 for establishing an initial control model;
a control module 301, configured to control a process parameter by using the initial control model after a new flame period starts;
a timing module 302 for timing after a new flame period begins;
the data acquisition module 303 is used for periodically acquiring the temperature of each furnace chamber and calculating the heating rate according to the acquired temperature of each furnace chamber;
the data processing module 304 is configured to perform identity non-dimensionalization processing on the temperature and the temperature rise rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal;
a model construction module 305, configured to construct a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal;
the control module 301 is further configured to control the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model after the timing module 302 times for a set time.
The initial control model comprises: the gas power distribution parameters and negative pressure parameters of each flame path can specifically adopt a form of a table, and parameter values in the table are used as default values for starting the control system. The parameter values in the initial control model may be set according to actual application requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
It should be noted that the time for the control module 301 to control the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the initial control model can be set as required, for example, 5 minutes. After a certain time, entering a control stage of a matrix control model, that is, the control module 301 controls the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model constructed by the model construction module 305.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the setting module 300 is further configured to preset a baking temperature curve, a curve temperature error range of each furnace chamber, and a temperature rise rate error range.
Correspondingly, the data processing module 304 can perform identity dimensionless processing on the temperatures of the furnace chambers according to the curve temperature error ranges and the roasting temperature curves of the furnace chambers to obtain temperature state signals; and carrying out identical non-quantity toughening treatment on the heating rate of each furnace chamber according to the error range of the heating rate of each furnace chamber and the roasting temperature curve to obtain a rate state signal. The dimensionless processing of the temperature data and the temperature-rise rate data is described in detail above and will not be described herein.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the model building module 305 builds a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal, and the model building module 305 may specifically include the following units:
a matrix generating unit for generating an orthogonal matrix according to the two-dimensional state signal;
a control state determination unit for determining various control states corresponding to the orthogonal matrix;
and the functional relation determining unit is used for constructing a functional relation containing control states, priorities, pressures and energy parameters according to the control states to obtain the matrix control model.
It should be noted that the matrix control module may also adopt a table form, and of course, may also adopt other forms, which does not limit the embodiment of the present invention.
According to the carbon anode roasting process control system for aluminum provided by the embodiment of the invention, the essential characteristics of unsteady state, nonlinearity and hysteresis of the roasting process belonging to the process properties of fluid dynamics and heat transfer are fully considered, and at the beginning stage of a new flame period, firstly, a pre-established initial control model is utilized to control process parameters, the temperature of each furnace chamber is periodically acquired, and the heating rate is calculated; carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal; constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal; and after the set time is reached, controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model. By utilizing the scheme of the invention, the flexible control of the temperature of the flame path of each furnace chamber can be realized, instead of the PID control in the prior art, the temperature is driven up in a short time at first, thereby effectively improving the thermal efficiency of the roasting furnace and reducing the unit consumption of fuel gas; and the flame has better flexibility, which is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the flame path wall.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-described drawings, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, and the description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate the understanding of the method and apparatus of the present invention, and is intended to be a part of the embodiments of the present invention rather than the whole embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the content of the present description shall not be construed as limiting the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a carbon anode roasting process for aluminum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after a new flame period starts, controlling process parameters by using a pre-established initial control model and periodically collecting the temperature of each furnace chamber;
calculating the heating rate according to the collected temperature of each furnace chamber;
carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal;
constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal;
and after the set time is reached, controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial control model comprises: each flame path and the corresponding gas power distribution parameter and negative pressure parameter.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial control model is in a tabular form.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the identity non-dimensionalizing the temperature and the rate of temperature rise to obtain a two-dimensional status signal comprises:
carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature of the furnace chambers according to preset curve temperature error ranges and roasting temperature curves of the furnace chambers to obtain temperature state signals;
and carrying out identical non-quantity toughening treatment on the temperature rise rate of the furnace chambers according to the preset error range of the temperature rise rate of each furnace chamber and the roasting temperature curve to obtain temperature rise rate state signals.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said constructing a matrix control model from said two-dimensional status signals comprises:
generating an orthogonal matrix according to the two-dimensional state signal;
determining various control states corresponding to the orthogonal matrix;
and constructing a functional relation including control state, priority, pressure and energy parameters according to the control state to obtain a matrix control model.
6. A carbon anode roasting process control system for aluminum is characterized by comprising:
the setting module is used for establishing an initial control model;
the control module is used for controlling the process parameters by utilizing the initial control model after a new flame period begins;
the timing module is used for timing after a new flame period starts;
the data acquisition module is used for periodically acquiring the temperature of each furnace chamber and calculating the heating rate according to the acquired temperature of each furnace chamber;
the data processing module is used for carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature and the heating rate to obtain a two-dimensional state signal;
the model construction module is used for constructing a matrix control model according to the two-dimensional state signal;
the control module is further used for controlling the process parameters of the furnace chamber by using the matrix control model after the timing module times for a set time.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the initial control model comprises: each flame path and the corresponding gas power distribution parameter and negative pressure parameter.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein the initial control model is in a tabular form.
9. The system of claim 6,
the setting module is also used for presetting a roasting temperature curve, a curve temperature error range and a heating speed error range of each furnace chamber;
the data processing module is specifically used for carrying out identity dimensionless processing on the temperature of the furnace chambers according to the curve temperature error range and the roasting temperature curve of each furnace chamber to obtain temperature state signals; and carrying out identical non-quantity toughening treatment on the heating rate of each furnace chamber according to the error range of the heating rate of each furnace chamber and the roasting temperature curve to obtain a rate state signal.
10. The system of any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the model building module comprises:
a matrix generating unit for generating an orthogonal matrix according to the two-dimensional state signal;
a control state determination unit for determining various control states corresponding to the orthogonal matrix;
and the functional relation determining unit is used for constructing a functional relation containing control states, priorities, pressures and energy parameters according to the control states to obtain the matrix control model.
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| CN114100895A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-03-01 | 湖南国发控股有限公司 | Carbon electrode cooling and anti-oxidation treatment integrated control system and method |
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