CN111998133A - Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering - Google Patents

Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111998133A
CN111998133A CN202010889593.7A CN202010889593A CN111998133A CN 111998133 A CN111998133 A CN 111998133A CN 202010889593 A CN202010889593 A CN 202010889593A CN 111998133 A CN111998133 A CN 111998133A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
supporting
pipeline
rod
supporting rod
linkage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN202010889593.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈德远
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN202010889593.7A priority Critical patent/CN111998133A/en
Publication of CN111998133A publication Critical patent/CN111998133A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L3/00Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets
    • F16L3/02Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets partly surrounding the pipes, cables or protective tubing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L3/00Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets
    • F16L3/16Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets with special provision allowing movement of the pipe

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipeline fixing and supporting device with an adjusting mechanism based on constructional engineering. The invention relates to the field of pipeline construction equipment in constructional engineering. This pipeline fixed stay device that has adjustment mechanism based on building engineering is through turning to the motor, cylinder isotructure, it is rotatory that control turns to the rotatory drive cylinder that drives of motor, the realization is to the drive of the pipeline surface of lifting the centre gripping, realize the rotation of pipeline at the current position of lifting, the adjustment that the realization links up to the pipeline tip counterpoint, the centre gripping action to the pipeline has been realized through centre gripping arm cooperation compression roller structure, the action of deflecting between cooperation first branch and the second branch, realize good centre gripping and spacing, can adapt to the pipeline of multiple diameter, excellent in use effect. The problem of current pipeline fixing support device mouth of pipe hookup location adjustment inconvenient, the effect of lifting position location is unsatisfactory is solved to this.

Description

Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pipeline construction equipment of constructional engineering, in particular to a pipeline fixing and supporting device with an adjusting mechanism based on constructional engineering.
Background
The pipeline can not be erected in the building construction process, the pipeline can not only improve the strength linked between building module modules, but also reduce the quality of the building, improve the load capacity of the building, and facilitate the setting of a water pipe and an electric wire through the erection of the pipeline.
The prior patent (publication number CN108331971B) discloses a highway bridge pipeline supporting device, which comprises a bottom plate, wherein a first cross rod is arranged above the bottom plate, V-shaped frames are respectively fixed at the front end and the rear end of the first cross rod, and a clamping device is arranged above the bottom plate. In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems in the prior art are not solved: 1. the device can only lift the pipeline, when the pipe orifices of the pipeline are connected after the lifting is finished, the pipeline is inconvenient to rotate to adjust the deflection direction of the pipeline, and for the part of the pipeline with the flange plate, the erection of the device is inconvenient for the connection operation between the pipeline and the pipeline; 2. the device is not ideal to the lifting positioning effect of pipeline, can not play fine centre gripping effect to the tubular product of different pipe diameters.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pipeline fixing and supporting device with an adjusting mechanism based on constructional engineering, and solves the problems that the pipe orifice connecting position of the existing pipeline fixing and supporting device is inconvenient to adjust, and the lifting position positioning effect is not ideal.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a pipeline fixed stay device that has adjustment mechanism based on building engineering, includes the base, the side all articulates around the top surface of base has first branch, the middle part of first branch articulates there is second branch, the spout has all been seted up to the side around the base, the inboard sliding connection of spout has the horizon bar, the bottom activity of second branch is cup jointed the surface of horizon bar.
The top of the first supporting rod and the top of the second supporting rod are fixedly connected with rotating shafts, bearing plates are movably sleeved on the surfaces of the rotating shafts, control panels are movably connected between the bearing plates on the left side and the right side, and steering devices are movably connected on the surfaces of the control panels.
The middle part of the rotating shaft is movably sleeved with a clamping device, and the clamping device is movably connected with the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod.
Preferably, the middle part of the horizontal rod is movably connected with a lifting hydraulic cylinder, and the top end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is movably connected with the middle part of the first supporting rod.
Preferably, the steering device comprises a steering motor, the steering motor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the control plate, and a driving belt pulley is fixedly sleeved on a machine shaft of the steering motor.
The equal fixedly connected with first backup pad of side, two around the top of control panel swivelling joint has the transfer line between the first backup pad, the front end of transfer line runs through the front side the back of first backup pad extends to its front portion, the front end of transfer line is fixed to be cup jointed driven pulley, driven pulley with the drive pulley passes through belt transmission and connects.
The fixed surface of loading board is connected with the second backup pad, the surperficial swivelling joint of second backup pad has the roller bearing, the fixed cover in surface of roller bearing has connect the cylinder, the front end of roller bearing runs through the back of second backup pad and extend to its front portion, the front end of roller bearing with the equal fixedly connected with linkage wheel in front end of transfer line, two the linkage wheel all connects through belt transmission.
Preferably, the drive pulley and the driven pulley are in the same vertical plane, the drive pulley being on the front side of the control panel.
Preferably, the two linkage wheels at the left side and the right side are arranged in a staggered manner from front to back, and the two linkage wheels at the left side and the right side are in one-to-one correspondence with and in transmission connection with the two linkage wheels sleeved on the surface of the transmission rod.
Preferably, the clamping device comprises a clamping arm, the clamping arm is movably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft, a compression roller is rotatably connected to the top end of the clamping arm, a linkage shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the clamping arm, linkage rods are movably sleeved on the surface of the linkage shaft, and the bottom ends of the linkage rods are respectively hinged to the relative positions of the bottom ends of the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod.
Preferably, the clamping arms on the left side and the right side are equal in size, and the two clamping arms are arranged in an axisymmetric manner.
Preferably, the positions of the hinge points of the two linkage rods and the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod are lower than the position of the hinge point between the first supporting rod and the second supporting rod.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a pipeline fixing and supporting device with an adjusting mechanism based on constructional engineering. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) this pipeline fixed stay device that has adjustment mechanism based on building engineering is through turning to the motor, cylinder isotructure, and the control turns to the rotatory cylinder that drives of motor and rotates, realizes the rotation of pipeline at the current position of lifting to the drive of lifting the pipeline surface of centre gripping, realizes the adjustment to pipeline end alignment linking.
(2) This pipeline fixing and supporting device who has adjustment mechanism based on building engineering has realized the centre gripping action to the pipeline through centre gripping arm cooperation compression roller structure, cooperates the action of deflecting between first branch and the second branch, realizes good centre gripping and spacing, can adapt to the pipeline of multiple diameter, and the result of use is better.
(3) This pipeline fixed stay device that has adjustment mechanism based on building engineering realizes the expansion and accomodate of centre gripping arm through the clamping action of first branch and second branch, and the action linkage nature is better, uses to accomplish the back and conveniently accomodates, and the space occupies littleer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 1 at A in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of the steering apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a first support bar; 3. a second support bar; 4. a chute; 5. a horizontal bar; 6. a rotating shaft; 7. a carrier plate; 8. a control panel; 9. a steering device; 901. a steering motor; 902. a drive pulley; 903. a first support plate; 904. a transmission rod; 905. a driven pulley; 906. a second support plate; 907. a roller; 908. a drum; 909. a linkage wheel; 10. a clamping device; 1001. a clamp arm; 1002. a compression roller; 1003. a linkage shaft; 1004. a linkage rod; 11. and lifting the hydraulic cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a pipeline fixing and supporting device with an adjusting mechanism based on building engineering comprises a base 1, wherein the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the base 1 are respectively hinged with a first supporting rod 2, the middle part of the first supporting rod 2 is hinged with a second supporting rod 3, the front side and the rear side of the base 1 are respectively provided with a sliding groove 4, the inner side of the sliding groove 4 is slidably connected with a horizontal rod 5, and the bottom end of the second supporting rod 3 is movably sleeved on the surface of the horizontal rod 5. It should be noted that the device has a front-back symmetrical structure, and the length and width of the first strut 2 and the second strut 3 are the same.
The equal fixedly connected with rotation axis 6 in top of first branch 2 and second branch 3, bearing board 7 has been cup jointed in the surface activity of rotation axis 6, and swing joint has control panel 8 between the bearing board 7 on the left and right sides, and control panel 8's surface swing joint has to turn to device 9.
The middle part of the rotating shaft 6 is movably sleeved with a clamping device 10, and the clamping device 10 is movably connected with the first supporting rod 2 and the second supporting rod 3.
In the invention, the middle part of the horizontal rod 5 is movably connected with a lifting hydraulic cylinder 11, and the top end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 11 is movably connected with the middle part of the first supporting rod 2.
In the invention, the steering device 9 comprises a steering motor 901, the steering motor 901 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the control plate 8, and a driving belt pulley 902 is fixedly sleeved on a machine shaft of the steering motor 901.
The equal fixedly connected with first backup pad 903 of front and back side at the top of control panel 8, swivelling joint has transfer line 904 between two first backup pads 903, and the front end of transfer line 904 runs through the back of the first backup pad 903 of front side and extends to its front portion, and the front end of transfer line 904 is fixed to be cup jointed driven pulley 905, and driven pulley 905 passes through belt drive with drive pulley 902 and is connected. It should be noted that, with the above arrangement, when the steering motor 901 deflects, the steering motor 901 drives the driving pulley 902, the driven pulley 905 and the linkage wheel 909 to deflect, so as to cause the two rollers 908 to deflect in the same direction, the rollers 908 are made of rubber, and have a certain pushing ability, and are in full contact with the surface of the pipeline, and the rollers 908 can drive the pipeline to rotate along the axis of the pipeline itself when rotating.
The surface of the bearing plate 7 is fixedly connected with a second supporting plate 906, the surface of the second supporting plate 906 is rotatably connected with a roller 907, the surface of the roller 907 is fixedly sleeved with a roller 908, the front end of the roller 907 penetrates through the back of the second supporting plate 906 and extends to the front of the second supporting plate, the front end of the roller 907 and the front end of the transmission rod 904 are both fixedly connected with a linkage wheel 909, and the two linkage wheels 909 are both in transmission connection through a belt.
In the present invention, the drive pulley 902 and the driven pulley 905 are in the same vertical plane, with the drive pulley 902 on the front side of the control panel 8.
In the invention, the two linkage wheels 909 at the left side and the right side are staggered front and back, and the two linkage wheels 909 at the left side and the right side are in one-to-one correspondence with and in transmission connection with the two linkage wheels 909 sleeved on the surface of the transmission rod 904. It should be noted that, the staggered arrangement mode is adopted to avoid the mutual winding of the belt due to deflection during the transmission action of the linkage wheels 909 on both sides, thereby ensuring the stability of the equipment action.
In the invention, the clamping device 10 comprises a clamping arm 1001, the clamping arm 1001 is movably connected on the surface of the rotating shaft 6, the top end of the clamping arm 1001 is rotatably connected with a press roller 1002, the bottom end of the clamping arm 1001 is rotatably connected with a linkage shaft 1003, the surface of the linkage shaft 1003 is movably sleeved with linkage rods 1004, and the bottom ends of the two linkage rods 1004 are respectively hinged at the relative positions of the bottom ends of the first supporting rod 2 and the second supporting rod 3.
In the present invention, the left and right holding arms 1001 have the same size, and the two holding arms 1001 are arranged in axisymmetric arrangement. It should be noted that the diameter of the pressing roller 1002 is larger than the width of the clamping arm 1001, and when the clamping arm 1001 presses down, the pressing roller 1002 will contact with the top surface of the pipe, so as to achieve the clamping effect.
In the invention, the positions of the hinge points of the two linkage rods 1004 and the first strut 2 and the second strut 3 are lower than the positions of the hinge points between the first strut 2 and the second strut 3. It should be noted that, when the first supporting rod 2 and the second supporting rod 3 deflect relatively to realize the lifting of the top potential thereof, the distance between the two linkage rods 1004 also decreases synchronously, so as to realize the deflecting and pressing action of the clamping arm 1001 about the rotating shaft 6, and realize the clamping action of the pipe.
During the use, place the pipeline in control panel 8's top and between two cylinders 908, lifting pneumatic cylinder 11 extends and drives first branch 2 and second branch 3 and begin to deflect with its pin joint each other, make the top of first branch 2 and second branch 3 upwards raise, vertical between first branch 2 and the second branch 3 diminishes to the contained angle, along with the lifting action on first branch 2 and second branch 3 top, two rotation axis 6 drive the contained angle between two loading boards 7 diminish and draw close to the bottom surface of pipeline gradually, and meanwhile, gangbar 1004 follows the action of deflecting of first branch 2 and second branch 3, the contained angle between two gangbar 1004 diminishes, drive centre gripping arm 1001 draws close to the top surface of pipeline, until the top surface of pipeline is held by compression roller 1002, the bottom surface of pipeline and two cylinders 908 well laminate, realize stable centre gripping effect.
When the pipeline port needs to be aligned, the steering motor 901 deflects to drive the driving belt pulley 902 to deflect, the driving belt pulley 902 drives the driven belt pulley 905 and the transmission rod 904 to deflect to enable the roller 907 and the roller 908 to deflect, and the roller 908 drives the pipeline to deflect, so that the alignment operation of the pipeline port is facilitated, and the use is simple and convenient.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjustment mechanism based on building engineering, includes base (1), its characterized in that: the front side and the rear side of the top surface of the base (1) are respectively hinged with a first supporting rod (2), the middle part of the first supporting rod (2) is hinged with a second supporting rod (3), the front side and the rear side of the base (1) are respectively provided with a sliding groove (4), the inner side of the sliding groove (4) is connected with a horizontal rod (5) in a sliding manner, and the bottom end of the second supporting rod (3) is movably sleeved on the surface of the horizontal rod (5);
the top ends of the first supporting rod (2) and the second supporting rod (3) are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (6), the surface of the rotating shaft (6) is movably sleeved with a bearing plate (7), a control plate (8) is movably connected between the bearing plates (7) on the left side and the right side, and the surface of the control plate (8) is movably connected with a steering device (9);
a clamping device (10) is movably sleeved in the middle of the rotating shaft (6), and the clamping device (10) is movably connected with the first supporting rod (2) and the second supporting rod (3);
the middle part of the horizontal rod (5) is movably connected with a lifting hydraulic cylinder (11), and the top end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (11) is movably connected with the middle part of the first supporting rod (2);
the steering device (9) comprises a steering motor (901), the steering motor (901) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the control plate (8), and a driving belt pulley (902) is fixedly sleeved on a machine shaft of the steering motor (901);
the front side and the rear side of the top of the control plate (8) are fixedly connected with first supporting plates (903), a transmission rod (904) is rotatably connected between the two first supporting plates (903), the front end of the transmission rod (904) penetrates through the back of the first supporting plate (903) on the front side and extends to the front of the first supporting plate, a driven belt pulley (905) is fixedly sleeved at the front end of the transmission rod (904), and the driven belt pulley (905) is in transmission connection with the driving belt pulley (902) through a belt;
a second supporting plate (906) is fixedly connected to the surface of the bearing plate (7), a roller (907) is rotatably connected to the surface of the second supporting plate (906), a roller (908) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the roller (907), the front end of the roller (907) penetrates through the back of the second supporting plate (906) and extends to the front of the second supporting plate, linkage wheels (909) are fixedly connected to the front ends of the roller (907) and the transmission rod (904), and the two linkage wheels (909) are in transmission connection through a belt; the driving pulley (902) and the driven pulley (905) are in the same vertical plane, and the driving pulley (902) is arranged on the front side of the control plate (8); the two linkage wheels (909) on the left side and the right side are arranged in a staggered mode from front to back, and the two linkage wheels (909) on the left side and the right side correspond to and are in transmission connection with the two linkage wheels (909) sleeved on the surface of the transmission rod (904) one by one.
2. The pipeline fixing and supporting device with the adjusting mechanism based on the constructional engineering as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the clamping device (10) comprises a clamping arm (1001), the clamping arm (1001) is movably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (6), a pressing roller (1002) is rotatably connected to the top end of the clamping arm (1001), a linkage shaft (1003) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the clamping arm (1001), a linkage rod (1004) is movably sleeved on the surface of the linkage shaft (1003), and the bottom ends of the linkage rod (1004) are respectively hinged to the relative positions of the bottom ends of the first supporting rod (2) and the second supporting rod (3).
3. The pipeline fixing and supporting device with the adjusting mechanism based on the constructional engineering as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the clamping arms (1001) on the left side and the right side are equal in size, and the two clamping arms (1001) are arranged in an axisymmetric mode.
4. The pipeline fixing and supporting device with the adjusting mechanism based on the constructional engineering as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the positions of the hinge points of the two linkage rods (1004) and the first supporting rod (2) and the second supporting rod (3) are lower than the position of the hinge point between the first supporting rod (2) and the second supporting rod (3).
CN202010889593.7A 2020-08-28 2020-08-28 Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering Withdrawn CN111998133A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010889593.7A CN111998133A (en) 2020-08-28 2020-08-28 Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010889593.7A CN111998133A (en) 2020-08-28 2020-08-28 Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111998133A true CN111998133A (en) 2020-11-27

Family

ID=73464819

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010889593.7A Withdrawn CN111998133A (en) 2020-08-28 2020-08-28 Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111998133A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113719664A (en) * 2021-08-29 2021-11-30 钟瑶章 Pipeline settlement control device for hydraulic engineering

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113719664A (en) * 2021-08-29 2021-11-30 钟瑶章 Pipeline settlement control device for hydraulic engineering
CN113719664B (en) * 2021-08-29 2023-03-28 贵州龙享科技有限公司 Pipeline settlement control device for hydraulic engineering

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN112935697B (en) Straight seam welding and team forming welding equipment for large-diameter cylinder
CN201268560Y (en) Counterweight automatic synchronization mobile device for tower crane
CN111998133A (en) Pipeline fixing and supporting device with adjusting mechanism based on building engineering
CN111348820A (en) Rotary gradual change section for forming bent glass and tempering forming equipment
CN207583301U (en) A kind of voluntarily double ladder
CN207288467U (en) A kind of bending mechanism
CN211999461U (en) Rotary gradual change section for forming bent glass and tempering forming equipment
CN209597918U (en) A kind of H profile steel flange straightener
CN208390700U (en) A kind of adjustable steel plate flattening mechanism
CN111302611A (en) Tempering forming method of spherical glass
CN107344702A (en) One kind weaving transport vehicle
CN208437562U (en) A kind of apparatus for bending and bending machine of bending machine
CN208070751U (en) Automatic emptying machine
CN111807253A (en) Jacking device for flaw detection of online wheel set of motor train unit
CN111392604A (en) Pressure vessel installation construction robot
CN206031325U (en) Automobile elevator cleaning gun linkage
CN216736253U (en) Counter weight panel turnover machine
CN220412752U (en) Scissor fork type lifting platform
CN215238709U (en) Shell ring longitudinal joint welding adjusting device
CN212371728U (en) Feeding device for linear cutting
CN108380782A (en) A kind of apparatus for bending and bender of bender
CN219822605U (en) Carrier roller
CN219524068U (en) Large-tonnage tensioning guiding wheel assembly tensioning mechanism
CN114274074B (en) Flexible centering platform for multi-vehicle type automobile top cover
CN215397026U (en) Multifunctional automatic cloth paving equipment for wind power blade girder

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20201127

WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication